埋地管道腐蚀与防护检测评价系统的研究
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摘要
随着国民经济的飞速发展,管道运输在我国的经济生活中正在发挥着日益重要的作用。然而,随着管道事故的频繁发生,管道的安全运行也日益受到人们的重视。我国管道行业中长期存在着重建设轻管理的观念,对管道的保护、腐蚀检测与控制、腐蚀与防护评价等技术水平与发达国相比仍存在着很大的差距。开展管道腐蚀与防护检测方法与检测仪器的研究工作对推进我国埋地管道检测技术的发展和仪器制造水平的提高具有积极的意义。
本文对常用的埋地管道腐蚀与防护检测技术做了分析和总结,并对当前世界上较先进的直流地电位梯度(DCVG)和密间隔地面电位(CIPS)检测技术做了深入的论述,对该技术使用中涉及的相关技术问题做了较详细的分析。本文以该技术理论为基础,依托多年从事防腐检测仪器使用与推广的经验,在借鉴国内外先进技术的基础上,研制开发了一套埋地管道腐蚀与防护检测评价系统。该系统实现了在不开挖的情况下对管线的防腐层状况、管体腐蚀状况及电保护状况进行综合的检测与评价,并能够精确定位防腐层漏点。该系统由直流地电位梯度/密间隔地面电位(DCVG/CIPS)管线检测仪、静态数据记录仪、GPS断流器及CIPS-DView数据分析软件四部分组成。其中DCVG/CIPS管线检测仪是系统的核心部分,它采用DCVG和CIPS同步采集模式,不但提高了检测的工作效率,还使两种检测过程保持了时间和空间上的同步,提高了数据分析处理的精度。
本文还对仪器检测过程中干扰噪声的消除方法做了较深入的研究,设计了实用硬件滤波电路和软件数字滤波算法,并提出了采用同步参比法处理随机干扰信号的方法,取得了较好的测试效果。本系统检测的数据分为两类,一类是使用DCVG/CIPS管线检测仪沿管线测得的数据,称为动态数据,另一类是用静态数据记录仪同步测得的管地电位数据,称为静态数据,同步参比处理就是通过对比分析两类数据中的信号波动,利用CIPS-DView数据分析软件将动态检测数据中的随机干扰信号剔除的过程。通过参比处理,提高了检测数据的准确度,有效的避免了对防腐层漏点的误判。
本文还进行了DCVG/CIPS管线检测仪与国外同类检测仪器的应用性对比测试,并对测试结果进行的较详细的数据分析,取得了较好的测试效果。本文最后还就系统存在的不足之处做了必要的分析,并对今后系统的进一步研究改进方向提出了若干建议。
With the rapid development of national economy, pipeline transportation is playing an important role in Economic life in China. However, with the frequent occurrence of pipeline accidents, the safe operation of pipeline has been increasingly paid attention on. The concept of focus on building and management ignored long existed in China’s pipeline industry. The technical level is much lower than deceloped contries, such as pipline protection, corrison detection and control, evauaion of carrion and protection and so on. It has very positive implications to study pipeline corrosion and protection detection methods and equipment which will promote the development of detection of buried pipelines and raise the level of instrumentation in China.
The frequently-used techniques in buried pipelines’corrosion and protection detection were analyzed and summarized in this paper. The advanced technology of DCVG and CIPS were futher discussed. Moreover, the relevant technical issues based on DCVG and CIPS were analyzed. Baed on experience of the corrosion detecting device and advanced technique in home and aboard, an evaluation system on buried pipelines’corrision and protection detection was studied. The system can evaluating the coating’s condition,tube corrosion and electrical protection condition without excavation,and can be able to pinpoint the location of the coating’s leakage.The system is made up four parts, DCVG/CIPS pipeline detetion device, static datalogger, interrupter with GPS and CIPS-DView software. DCVG/CIPS pipeline detection device is the core equipment with two synchronization acquisition mode, which not only improves the speed of acquisition, but also keeps the two acquisitions in the same time and space, and the accuracy of the data is greatly improved.
A deep research in how to eliminate the inturrpt of the noise in the process of detection was made in the paper. Hardware filter circuit and software digital filter algorithm was designed. Moreover, a method of synchronization comparation to deal with the randomly interrupt noise was presented, which gets a better test result. The data of this system is divied in to two parts, one is the dynamic data measured by DCVG/CIPS, and the other is measured by the static data logger synchronization with danamic data, which is called static data. The method of synchronization comparation is eliminateing the interrupt noise by comparing and analyzing the two kinds of data in random signals. By using this method, the accuracy of the data is greatly improved, and the wrong conclusion of the coating leakage is effectively advoied.
In this paper, the DCVG/CIPS detecter was compared with the foreign similar product, and the test results were analyzed in detail, which gets a better result. In the end of the paper, the neccssary analysis in the shortcomings of this system was made, and the advice was given for further research.
本文对常用的埋地管道腐蚀与防护检测技术做了分析和总结,并对当前世界上较先进的直流地电位梯度(DCVG)和密间隔地面电位(CIPS)检测技术做了深入的论述,对该技术使用中涉及的相关技术问题做了较详细的分析。本文以该技术理论为基础,依托多年从事防腐检测仪器使用与推广的经验,在借鉴国内外先进技术的基础上,研制开发了一套埋地管道腐蚀与防护检测评价系统。该系统实现了在不开挖的情况下对管线的防腐层状况、管体腐蚀状况及电保护状况进行综合的检测与评价,并能够精确定位防腐层漏点。该系统由直流地电位梯度/密间隔地面电位(DCVG/CIPS)管线检测仪、静态数据记录仪、GPS断流器及CIPS-DView数据分析软件四部分组成。其中DCVG/CIPS管线检测仪是系统的核心部分,它采用DCVG和CIPS同步采集模式,不但提高了检测的工作效率,还使两种检测过程保持了时间和空间上的同步,提高了数据分析处理的精度。
本文还对仪器检测过程中干扰噪声的消除方法做了较深入的研究,设计了实用硬件滤波电路和软件数字滤波算法,并提出了采用同步参比法处理随机干扰信号的方法,取得了较好的测试效果。本系统检测的数据分为两类,一类是使用DCVG/CIPS管线检测仪沿管线测得的数据,称为动态数据,另一类是用静态数据记录仪同步测得的管地电位数据,称为静态数据,同步参比处理就是通过对比分析两类数据中的信号波动,利用CIPS-DView数据分析软件将动态检测数据中的随机干扰信号剔除的过程。通过参比处理,提高了检测数据的准确度,有效的避免了对防腐层漏点的误判。
本文还进行了DCVG/CIPS管线检测仪与国外同类检测仪器的应用性对比测试,并对测试结果进行的较详细的数据分析,取得了较好的测试效果。本文最后还就系统存在的不足之处做了必要的分析,并对今后系统的进一步研究改进方向提出了若干建议。
With the rapid development of national economy, pipeline transportation is playing an important role in Economic life in China. However, with the frequent occurrence of pipeline accidents, the safe operation of pipeline has been increasingly paid attention on. The concept of focus on building and management ignored long existed in China’s pipeline industry. The technical level is much lower than deceloped contries, such as pipline protection, corrison detection and control, evauaion of carrion and protection and so on. It has very positive implications to study pipeline corrosion and protection detection methods and equipment which will promote the development of detection of buried pipelines and raise the level of instrumentation in China.
The frequently-used techniques in buried pipelines’corrosion and protection detection were analyzed and summarized in this paper. The advanced technology of DCVG and CIPS were futher discussed. Moreover, the relevant technical issues based on DCVG and CIPS were analyzed. Baed on experience of the corrosion detecting device and advanced technique in home and aboard, an evaluation system on buried pipelines’corrision and protection detection was studied. The system can evaluating the coating’s condition,tube corrosion and electrical protection condition without excavation,and can be able to pinpoint the location of the coating’s leakage.The system is made up four parts, DCVG/CIPS pipeline detetion device, static datalogger, interrupter with GPS and CIPS-DView software. DCVG/CIPS pipeline detection device is the core equipment with two synchronization acquisition mode, which not only improves the speed of acquisition, but also keeps the two acquisitions in the same time and space, and the accuracy of the data is greatly improved.
A deep research in how to eliminate the inturrpt of the noise in the process of detection was made in the paper. Hardware filter circuit and software digital filter algorithm was designed. Moreover, a method of synchronization comparation to deal with the randomly interrupt noise was presented, which gets a better test result. The data of this system is divied in to two parts, one is the dynamic data measured by DCVG/CIPS, and the other is measured by the static data logger synchronization with danamic data, which is called static data. The method of synchronization comparation is eliminateing the interrupt noise by comparing and analyzing the two kinds of data in random signals. By using this method, the accuracy of the data is greatly improved, and the wrong conclusion of the coating leakage is effectively advoied.
In this paper, the DCVG/CIPS detecter was compared with the foreign similar product, and the test results were analyzed in detail, which gets a better result. In the end of the paper, the neccssary analysis in the shortcomings of this system was made, and the advice was given for further research.
引文
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[3]李世荣,我国油气管道现状与发展趋势,油气田地面工程,2006,6:7～9
[4]郎需庆赵志永,油气管道事故统计分析与安全运行对策,安全、健康和环境,2006,10:15～17
[5]愈蓉蓉蔡志章,地下金属管道的腐蚀与防护,北京:石油工业出版社,1998年11月第一版
[6]赵海涛,油气输送管道腐蚀因素与防护对策,科协论坛,2009,7:31～32
[7]韩文礼,管道涂层防腐技术展望,石油工程建设,2003,4:1～3
[8]胡士信董旭,我国管道防腐层技术现状,油气储运,2004,23(7):4～8
[9]胡涛王千,金属管道的腐蚀与防腐蚀技术现状,石油化工腐蚀与防护,2008 ,25(3):27～30
[10]苏建国龙媛媛,油田埋地管道管体腐蚀不开挖地面检测技术现状与应用,2008:58～61山东石油学会腐蚀与防护技术学术交流会·管道检测
[11]黄昌碧陈晖,管道防腐层检测技术现状及发展,石油仪器,2003,17(5):5～7
[12] Peter Nicholson,External Corrosion Direct Assessment,Pipeline Rehabilitation & Maintenance,Istanbul,Turkey,2006.9:11～15
[13]陈世利,埋地管道防腐层缺陷检测与评价技术研究:[博士学位论文],天津:天津大学,2002
[14]郑伟帅键,埋地长输管道腐蚀状况检测技术,石油化工设备,2007,36(6):73～76
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