添加水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉对断奶仔猪生长性能及消化率的影响
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摘要
为研究水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉代替大豆油对早期断奶仔猪的应用效果,本试验以4周龄断奶的三元杂交仔猪(杜×长×大)为试验对象,研究了添加水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉和大豆油对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率、以及消化性能的影响,并分析其对养分消化率及血清生化指标的影响。
试验选用80头体重相近28日龄的断奶仔猪,按饲养试验要求随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复10头猪,对照组饲喂添加2%豆油的试验饲粮,试验组饲喂添加2%经特殊处理的油脂——水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉的试验饲粮,饲养试验的正式期从仔猪断奶当天开始,试验期为28天;在饲养试验的第4周,以Cr2O3为外源指示剂进行消化试验;饲养试验结束后,按常规方法采集血样,制作血清,测定血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的活性和血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLO)、尿素氮(BUN)、血糖(GLU)、胆固醇(CHO)、甘油三脂(TG)的含量。试验结果如下:
饲养试验表明:与豆油组相比,饲料中添加水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉的促生长效果较好,仔猪日增重提高了32.3%(P<0.05),采食量差异显著提高18.0%(P<0.05)但各组仔猪的料重比降低的差异不显著降低了10.93%(P>0.05)。
试验二养分表观消化率试验表明:水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉组仔猪各种养分的消化率与豆油组的粗脂肪表观消化率之间无显著差异(P>0.05),各组之间粗蛋白质和钙、总磷和能量的表观消化率均无显著差异(P>0.05),但粗脂肪和能量有略微提高。断奶仔猪日粮中添加水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉对仔猪腹泻率基本没有影响,两组腹泻率都很低。
试验三结果表明:水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉组和豆油组的血清总蛋白( TP)浓度显著提高了53.58 %(P < 0. 0 5 ) ;水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉组的血糖(GLU)水平下降27.982%(P < 0. 0 5 ) ;血清尿素氮( U N )水比平豆油组分别下降4 8.38% ( P<0. 0 5) :试验组组的血清谷丙转氨酶(A L T)活性低了6.6% (P>0.05)差异不显著;试验组谷草转氨酶(A S T)活性较对照组降低16. 57 %( P>0.05 ) ,试验组组的碱性磷酸酶ALP活性增高了12.87% (P>0.05 ) ;试验组与对照组相比胆固醇(CHO)和甘油三脂(TG)分别提高了67.5% ( P<0. 0 5)和38.6% ( P<0. 0 5)差异显著。
综合本试验的结果表明,水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉是配制早期断奶仔猪饲粮的良好脂肪源;用2%水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉替代2%大豆油配制的饲粮对显著提高了断奶仔猪的平均日采食量和日增重对料重比的降低和养分消化率的提高没有显著效果,同时有降低仔猪血清中尿素氮的水平,提高蛋白质的代谢,提高生长速度缩短生长周期方面取得了良好的效果。并且由于水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉易溶于水,流散性好易于混合,有包被的囊材油脂不宜氧化,加入乳化剂易于断奶仔猪消化吸收减少断奶应激,所以在断奶仔猪生产上很有意义。
In order to study the soybean oil and the water-soluble micro capsule fat powder to the rly weaning newborn pig's application effect, selects 80 body weights closely to be weaned three Yuan hybrid newborn pigs (Du * long * big) to divide into 2 groups stochastically, each group of 4 redundant, each is redundant 10 pigs, the control group feeds take increases the ordinary fat - - soybean oil to feed as the fat source experiment, the experimental group feeds after the special handling fat - - diaper fat feeds for the experiment, the trial period is 28 days. The test result is as follows:
The feeding experiment indicated: Compares with the bean oil line, in the feed increases the water-soluble micro capsule fat powder to press the growth effect to be good, the newborn pig increased day by day enhanced 32.3% again (P<0.05)Picks the appetite difference obviously to enhance 18.0% (P<0.05). But each group of newborn pig's material anharmonic ratio reduces the difference was not remarkable, reduced 10.93% (P>0.05).
Experiments two nutrient apparent true nutritive value experiment to indicate: Water-soluble micro capsule fat powder group newborn pig each kind of nutrient true nutritive value and between bean oil line crude fat apparent true nutritive value not remarkable difference (P>0.05), each group of between crude protein and calcium, total phosphorus and energy apparent true nutritive value not remarkable difference (P>0.05), but the crude fat and the energy have slightly the enhancement. Is weaned in the newborn pig date grain to increase the water-soluble micro capsule fat powder basically not to affect to the newborn pig diarrhea rate, two groups of diarrhea rate are very low.
Experiments three results to indicate: The water-soluble micro capsule fat powder group and the bean oil line's blood serum total protein (TP) the density obviously enhanced 53.58% (P < 0. 0 5); The water-soluble micro capsule fat powder group's blood sugar (GLU) level drops 27.982% (P < 0. 0 5); The blood serum urea nitrogen (U N) the hydraulic modulus even soybean oil component do not drop 4 8.38% (P0.05) the difference not to be remarkable; The experimental group millet straw transaminase (A S T) activeness compares the control group to reduce 16. 57% (P>0.05), experimental group of alkalinity phosphatase A L the P activeness advanced 12.87% (P>0.05); The experimental group and the control group compared the cholesterol (CHO) and the glycerin (TG) enhanced 67.5% separately (P<0. 0 5) With 38.6% (P<0. 0 5), The difference is remarkable.
Synthesizes this experimental the research to indicate that the water-soluble micro capsule fat powder compounds the good fat source which the rly weaning newborn pig feeds; Substituted 2% soybean oil configuration with 2% water-soluble micro capsule fat powder feeding to obviously to enhance was weaned newborn pig's mean diurnal to pick the appetite and to increase day by day does not have the remarkable effect seriously to material anharmonic ratio reduction with the nutrient true nutritive value enhancement, simultaneously had reduces in the newborn pig blood serum the urea nitrogen level, enhanced the protein metabolism, enhanced the growth speed reduction vegetative cycle aspect to make the good progres
试验选用80头体重相近28日龄的断奶仔猪,按饲养试验要求随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复10头猪,对照组饲喂添加2%豆油的试验饲粮,试验组饲喂添加2%经特殊处理的油脂——水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉的试验饲粮,饲养试验的正式期从仔猪断奶当天开始,试验期为28天;在饲养试验的第4周,以Cr2O3为外源指示剂进行消化试验;饲养试验结束后,按常规方法采集血样,制作血清,测定血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的活性和血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLO)、尿素氮(BUN)、血糖(GLU)、胆固醇(CHO)、甘油三脂(TG)的含量。试验结果如下:
饲养试验表明:与豆油组相比,饲料中添加水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉的促生长效果较好,仔猪日增重提高了32.3%(P<0.05),采食量差异显著提高18.0%(P<0.05)但各组仔猪的料重比降低的差异不显著降低了10.93%(P>0.05)。
试验二养分表观消化率试验表明:水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉组仔猪各种养分的消化率与豆油组的粗脂肪表观消化率之间无显著差异(P>0.05),各组之间粗蛋白质和钙、总磷和能量的表观消化率均无显著差异(P>0.05),但粗脂肪和能量有略微提高。断奶仔猪日粮中添加水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉对仔猪腹泻率基本没有影响,两组腹泻率都很低。
试验三结果表明:水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉组和豆油组的血清总蛋白( TP)浓度显著提高了53.58 %(P < 0. 0 5 ) ;水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉组的血糖(GLU)水平下降27.982%(P < 0. 0 5 ) ;血清尿素氮( U N )水比平豆油组分别下降4 8.38% ( P<0. 0 5) :试验组组的血清谷丙转氨酶(A L T)活性低了6.6% (P>0.05)差异不显著;试验组谷草转氨酶(A S T)活性较对照组降低16. 57 %( P>0.05 ) ,试验组组的碱性磷酸酶ALP活性增高了12.87% (P>0.05 ) ;试验组与对照组相比胆固醇(CHO)和甘油三脂(TG)分别提高了67.5% ( P<0. 0 5)和38.6% ( P<0. 0 5)差异显著。
综合本试验的结果表明,水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉是配制早期断奶仔猪饲粮的良好脂肪源;用2%水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉替代2%大豆油配制的饲粮对显著提高了断奶仔猪的平均日采食量和日增重对料重比的降低和养分消化率的提高没有显著效果,同时有降低仔猪血清中尿素氮的水平,提高蛋白质的代谢,提高生长速度缩短生长周期方面取得了良好的效果。并且由于水溶性微胶囊脂肪粉易溶于水,流散性好易于混合,有包被的囊材油脂不宜氧化,加入乳化剂易于断奶仔猪消化吸收减少断奶应激,所以在断奶仔猪生产上很有意义。
In order to study the soybean oil and the water-soluble micro capsule fat powder to the rly weaning newborn pig's application effect, selects 80 body weights closely to be weaned three Yuan hybrid newborn pigs (Du * long * big) to divide into 2 groups stochastically, each group of 4 redundant, each is redundant 10 pigs, the control group feeds take increases the ordinary fat - - soybean oil to feed as the fat source experiment, the experimental group feeds after the special handling fat - - diaper fat feeds for the experiment, the trial period is 28 days. The test result is as follows:
The feeding experiment indicated: Compares with the bean oil line, in the feed increases the water-soluble micro capsule fat powder to press the growth effect to be good, the newborn pig increased day by day enhanced 32.3% again (P<0.05)Picks the appetite difference obviously to enhance 18.0% (P<0.05). But each group of newborn pig's material anharmonic ratio reduces the difference was not remarkable, reduced 10.93% (P>0.05).
Experiments two nutrient apparent true nutritive value experiment to indicate: Water-soluble micro capsule fat powder group newborn pig each kind of nutrient true nutritive value and between bean oil line crude fat apparent true nutritive value not remarkable difference (P>0.05), each group of between crude protein and calcium, total phosphorus and energy apparent true nutritive value not remarkable difference (P>0.05), but the crude fat and the energy have slightly the enhancement. Is weaned in the newborn pig date grain to increase the water-soluble micro capsule fat powder basically not to affect to the newborn pig diarrhea rate, two groups of diarrhea rate are very low.
Experiments three results to indicate: The water-soluble micro capsule fat powder group and the bean oil line's blood serum total protein (TP) the density obviously enhanced 53.58% (P < 0. 0 5); The water-soluble micro capsule fat powder group's blood sugar (GLU) level drops 27.982% (P < 0. 0 5); The blood serum urea nitrogen (U N) the hydraulic modulus even soybean oil component do not drop 4 8.38% (P0.05) the difference not to be remarkable; The experimental group millet straw transaminase (A S T) activeness compares the control group to reduce 16. 57% (P>0.05), experimental group of alkalinity phosphatase A L the P activeness advanced 12.87% (P>0.05); The experimental group and the control group compared the cholesterol (CHO) and the glycerin (TG) enhanced 67.5% separately (P<0. 0 5) With 38.6% (P<0. 0 5), The difference is remarkable.
Synthesizes this experimental the research to indicate that the water-soluble micro capsule fat powder compounds the good fat source which the rly weaning newborn pig feeds; Substituted 2% soybean oil configuration with 2% water-soluble micro capsule fat powder feeding to obviously to enhance was weaned newborn pig's mean diurnal to pick the appetite and to increase day by day does not have the remarkable effect seriously to material anharmonic ratio reduction with the nutrient true nutritive value enhancement, simultaneously had reduces in the newborn pig blood serum the urea nitrogen level, enhanced the protein metabolism, enhanced the growth speed reduction vegetative cycle aspect to make the good progres
引文
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[51] Cera K R. , M aban D C. Effects on feed efficiency werem inimal[J ]. J. A nim. Sci. , 1988, 66: 1430～1437.
[52]Soares M,Lopez Bote C J. Effects of dietary lecithinand fat unsaturation on nutrient utilize tion in weanedpiglets.Animal Feed Science and Technology,2002(95):169-177
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[68] Hampson D J, Hinton M and Kidder D E. Coliform numbersin the stomach and small intestine of healthy pigs followingweaning at three weeks of age[J]. Journal of comparativePathology, 1985,95:353-362.
[69] Toofanian F and Targowski S P. Fetal development and dis-tribution of intestinal alkaline phosphatase in the rabbit[J].Research in Veternary Science, 1982,32:303-305.
[70] Kagota Nobuhiro,W ada Hirom une. Non—carbon requiredpressure sensitive duplicating paper[P].JP 2000 108 509.2000
[71]W atanabe Kazuo. Thermal printing material providing im agewith pluralcolors[P].JP 2000 43 424.2000
[72] Katampe Ibrahim,Camillus Joseph.Photosensitive materialem ploying m icm capsules containing a hygroscopic polym er inthe internal phase[P].WO 00 25 180.2000
[73]Griffiths Andrew,Tawfik Dan.Optical sorting method[P].W O OO 4O 712.200010 Reading Bruce K J r,Harden Jerome.Seeded microcapsules for use in tablets, pharm aceutical agents and nutritional compounds[P].US 6 110 501.2000
[74] Kheadr Ehah E,Vuillemard Jean-Christophe,E1 Deeb,eta1. Accelerated cheddar cheese ripening with encapsulatedproteinases[J].Int J Food Sci Technol,2000,35(5):483～495
[75] Jacobson Joseph M .Electronically addressable microencapsulated ink and display thereof[P~.US 6 1 20 588.2000
[76] Chiga Kuniyuki,Ishimura Naoya. Thermochromic syntheticconjugate fibers having a polymer layer containing dispersedtherm ochrom ic pigment bright color variation with tempera—ture[P].JP 2000 17 523.2000