环氧结构胶的耐老化性能及改性研究
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摘要
本文分析了影响环氧结构胶耐老化性能的主要因素,探讨了环氧结构胶的老化机理,在此基础上,对其耐老化性能的不同评价方法进行了试验研究。通过对比湿热老化试验与快速沸煮老化试验的结果,建立了湿热老化时间与沸煮老化时间的对应关系。采用沸煮老化试验重点研究了不同固化体系对环氧结构胶耐老化性能的影响,提出了环氧结构胶耐老化性的有效改性手段,研究结果表明:
对不同固化体系的环氧结构胶,快速沸煮老化7d与常规湿热老化90d试验结果较为接近,并无明显差别。因此,可以采用快速沸煮老化试验对环氧结构胶耐老化性能的优化配方进行筛选。快速沸煮老化试验能有效地缩短了试验周期,具有重要的工程应用价值。
不同类型的固化体系对环氧结构胶的耐老化性能有决定性的影响。本文试验条件下,改性芳香胺固化体系的耐老化性能最差,低分子聚酰胺固化体系和改性脂肪胺固化体系次之,改性脂环胺固化体系的耐老化性能最好。
不同的固化体系环氧结构胶的性能各有特点,本研究所选用的固化体系中,低分子聚酰胺及改性脂肪胺固化剂的力学性能较好,但耐老化性能较差;改性脂环胺类固化体系的耐老化性能较好,但力学性能较差。单独使用其中任何一类固化体系,都难以同时满足GB 50367-2006《混凝土结构加固设计规范》对环氧结构胶耐老化性能、胶体本身力学性能、粘结性能等多方面的要求。
两种不同改性脂环胺固化剂都能显著改善低分子聚酰胺固化体系环氧结构胶的耐老化性能。随着改性脂环胺固化剂用量的增加,环氧结构胶经沸煮7d后的抗剪强度保持率逐渐提高。
与低分子聚酰胺固化体系相比,聚酰胺-脂肪胺混合固化体系的力学性能更佳。两种不同改性脂环胺固化剂同样也能显著改善聚酰胺-脂肪胺固化体系环氧结构胶的耐老化性能。随着改性脂环胺固化剂用量的增加,环氧结构胶经沸煮7d后的抗剪强度保持率也逐渐提高。
本文采用的两种不同改性脂环胺固化剂对环氧结构胶老化性能的改性效果存在一定的差异。综合考虑环氧结构胶的耐老化性能、力学性能、经济性等因素,当聚酰胺-脂肪胺混合固化剂B6与改性脂环胺固化剂B4以90:10的比例混合时,结构胶的综合性能较为理想,钢-钢粘结剪切强度为27.2MPa,沸煮7d后的抗剪强度保持率为98.5%,抗拉强度为50.1MPa,抗压强度为91.5MPa。
硅烷偶联剂对环氧结构胶的耐老化性能有明显的改善作用,且不同的处理方法及不同品种的硅烷偶联剂的改性效果也存在一定差异。
本文试验条件下,在环氧结构胶中采用活性硅微粉、水泥、纳米SiO_2、纳米CaCO_3、有机蒙脱土等填料对其耐老化性能的改善作用并不明显。
本文研究的改性环氧结构胶具有优异的耐老化性能和力学性能,能满足工程应用的要求,而且改性方法简单可行,在土木结构工程加固中有重要的推广应用前景。
The main factor that affect the aging resistant performance of epoxy structural adhesive and its aging mechanism are discussed in this paper. On this base, the appraisal method of the aging resistant performance is researched by test. Compared the result between wet-and-heat aging test and boiling aging test, establish a relationship between the wet-and-heat aging time and boiling aging time. The effect of the different curing systems on the aging resistant performance of epoxy structural adhesive is researched chiefly by boiling test, and get the effective modify method for aging resistant performance of epoxy structural adhesive, the result show that:
There is not obvious difference in the affect on aging resistant performance of epoxy structural adhesive between wet-and-heat aging for 90 days and boiling aging for 7 days in different curing systems. So the boiling aging test can be used to choose the optimized formula quickly. The boiling aging test shortens the test period and has significant application value in engineering.
The curing agent has decisive affect on aging resistant performance of epoxy structural adhesive. In the condition of this paper, the aging resistant performance of aromatic amine curing agent is worst, polyamide curing agent and aliphatic curing agent is better, Alicyclic amine curing agent is best.
The epoxy structural adhesive has different property in different curing agent. In this paper, polyamide curing agent or aliphatic curing agent has good mechanical performance and bad aging resistant performance, Alicyclic amine curing agent has good aging resistant performance and bad mechanical performance. Using any of them separately can not meet the demand for aging resistant performance, mechanical performance and bonding performance in Design code for strengthening concrete structure.
Both of the two kinds of Alicyclic amine curing agents can improve the aging resistant performance of epoxy structural adhesive in polyamide curing system. With the content of Alicyclic amine curing agent increasing, the conservation rate of shearing strength after boiling aging for 7 days increases gradually.
Compare with polyamide curing system, polyamide-aliphatic mixed curing system has better mechanical performance. Both of the two kinds of Alicyclic amine curing agents can also improve the aging resistant performance of epoxy structural adhesive in polyamide-aliphatic mixed curing system. With the content of Alicyclic amine curing agent increasing, the conservation rate of shearing strength after boiling aging for 7 days also increases gradually.
The modify effect of the two kinds of Alicyclic amine curing agents on the aging resistant performance of epoxy structural adhesive is distinguishing. Considering the aging resistant performance, mechanical performance and economic performance together, when mix polyamide-aliphatic mixed curing agent B6 and Alicyclic amine curing agent B4 in proportion of 90 to 10, the epoxy structural adhesive has good combination property, the steel-steel shear strength is 27.2MPa, the conservation rate of shearing strength after boiling aging for 7 days is 98.5%, the tensile strength is 50.1MPa, the compressive strength is 91.5MPa.
The silane coupling agent can improve the aging resistant performance of epoxy structural adhesive obviously, there is difference when use different variety silane coupling agents or different processing methods.
In the test of this paper, the modify effect of cement, nano-SiO_2, nano-CaCO_3, organic montmorillonite on aging resistant of epoxy adhesive is not obvious. The modified epoxy structural adhesive has good aging resistant performance and mechanical performance, meet the application demand in engineering. The simple and advisable modify technology has significant application value in structural strengthening engineering.
对不同固化体系的环氧结构胶,快速沸煮老化7d与常规湿热老化90d试验结果较为接近,并无明显差别。因此,可以采用快速沸煮老化试验对环氧结构胶耐老化性能的优化配方进行筛选。快速沸煮老化试验能有效地缩短了试验周期,具有重要的工程应用价值。
不同类型的固化体系对环氧结构胶的耐老化性能有决定性的影响。本文试验条件下,改性芳香胺固化体系的耐老化性能最差,低分子聚酰胺固化体系和改性脂肪胺固化体系次之,改性脂环胺固化体系的耐老化性能最好。
不同的固化体系环氧结构胶的性能各有特点,本研究所选用的固化体系中,低分子聚酰胺及改性脂肪胺固化剂的力学性能较好,但耐老化性能较差;改性脂环胺类固化体系的耐老化性能较好,但力学性能较差。单独使用其中任何一类固化体系,都难以同时满足GB 50367-2006《混凝土结构加固设计规范》对环氧结构胶耐老化性能、胶体本身力学性能、粘结性能等多方面的要求。
两种不同改性脂环胺固化剂都能显著改善低分子聚酰胺固化体系环氧结构胶的耐老化性能。随着改性脂环胺固化剂用量的增加,环氧结构胶经沸煮7d后的抗剪强度保持率逐渐提高。
与低分子聚酰胺固化体系相比,聚酰胺-脂肪胺混合固化体系的力学性能更佳。两种不同改性脂环胺固化剂同样也能显著改善聚酰胺-脂肪胺固化体系环氧结构胶的耐老化性能。随着改性脂环胺固化剂用量的增加,环氧结构胶经沸煮7d后的抗剪强度保持率也逐渐提高。
本文采用的两种不同改性脂环胺固化剂对环氧结构胶老化性能的改性效果存在一定的差异。综合考虑环氧结构胶的耐老化性能、力学性能、经济性等因素,当聚酰胺-脂肪胺混合固化剂B6与改性脂环胺固化剂B4以90:10的比例混合时,结构胶的综合性能较为理想,钢-钢粘结剪切强度为27.2MPa,沸煮7d后的抗剪强度保持率为98.5%,抗拉强度为50.1MPa,抗压强度为91.5MPa。
硅烷偶联剂对环氧结构胶的耐老化性能有明显的改善作用,且不同的处理方法及不同品种的硅烷偶联剂的改性效果也存在一定差异。
本文试验条件下,在环氧结构胶中采用活性硅微粉、水泥、纳米SiO_2、纳米CaCO_3、有机蒙脱土等填料对其耐老化性能的改善作用并不明显。
本文研究的改性环氧结构胶具有优异的耐老化性能和力学性能,能满足工程应用的要求,而且改性方法简单可行,在土木结构工程加固中有重要的推广应用前景。
The main factor that affect the aging resistant performance of epoxy structural adhesive and its aging mechanism are discussed in this paper. On this base, the appraisal method of the aging resistant performance is researched by test. Compared the result between wet-and-heat aging test and boiling aging test, establish a relationship between the wet-and-heat aging time and boiling aging time. The effect of the different curing systems on the aging resistant performance of epoxy structural adhesive is researched chiefly by boiling test, and get the effective modify method for aging resistant performance of epoxy structural adhesive, the result show that:
There is not obvious difference in the affect on aging resistant performance of epoxy structural adhesive between wet-and-heat aging for 90 days and boiling aging for 7 days in different curing systems. So the boiling aging test can be used to choose the optimized formula quickly. The boiling aging test shortens the test period and has significant application value in engineering.
The curing agent has decisive affect on aging resistant performance of epoxy structural adhesive. In the condition of this paper, the aging resistant performance of aromatic amine curing agent is worst, polyamide curing agent and aliphatic curing agent is better, Alicyclic amine curing agent is best.
The epoxy structural adhesive has different property in different curing agent. In this paper, polyamide curing agent or aliphatic curing agent has good mechanical performance and bad aging resistant performance, Alicyclic amine curing agent has good aging resistant performance and bad mechanical performance. Using any of them separately can not meet the demand for aging resistant performance, mechanical performance and bonding performance in Design code for strengthening concrete structure.
Both of the two kinds of Alicyclic amine curing agents can improve the aging resistant performance of epoxy structural adhesive in polyamide curing system. With the content of Alicyclic amine curing agent increasing, the conservation rate of shearing strength after boiling aging for 7 days increases gradually.
Compare with polyamide curing system, polyamide-aliphatic mixed curing system has better mechanical performance. Both of the two kinds of Alicyclic amine curing agents can also improve the aging resistant performance of epoxy structural adhesive in polyamide-aliphatic mixed curing system. With the content of Alicyclic amine curing agent increasing, the conservation rate of shearing strength after boiling aging for 7 days also increases gradually.
The modify effect of the two kinds of Alicyclic amine curing agents on the aging resistant performance of epoxy structural adhesive is distinguishing. Considering the aging resistant performance, mechanical performance and economic performance together, when mix polyamide-aliphatic mixed curing agent B6 and Alicyclic amine curing agent B4 in proportion of 90 to 10, the epoxy structural adhesive has good combination property, the steel-steel shear strength is 27.2MPa, the conservation rate of shearing strength after boiling aging for 7 days is 98.5%, the tensile strength is 50.1MPa, the compressive strength is 91.5MPa.
The silane coupling agent can improve the aging resistant performance of epoxy structural adhesive obviously, there is difference when use different variety silane coupling agents or different processing methods.
In the test of this paper, the modify effect of cement, nano-SiO_2, nano-CaCO_3, organic montmorillonite on aging resistant of epoxy adhesive is not obvious. The modified epoxy structural adhesive has good aging resistant performance and mechanical performance, meet the application demand in engineering. The simple and advisable modify technology has significant application value in structural strengthening engineering.
引文
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