燃气内燃机热电冷联产系统的应用实践研究
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摘要
本文针对目前热电冷联产技术研究多见于理论分析而少有应用实践研究的现状,首次自主搭建一个基于燃气内燃机和烟气吸收热泵的热电冷联产系统实验平台,通过对实际系统的全面测试、模拟及分析,研究实际联产系统中可能存在的问题及解决的途径,从而为实际系统的设计及运行提供参考。
论文研究进行的思路是:实验测试与模拟分析相结合,通过实验测试发现可能存在的问题,然后通过模拟对问题进行分析及评价,并指导实验系统进行改进。研究的内容主要从系统能效、运行策略可及性、运行安全控制及环境影响这四个角度来展开。
系统能效研究中,通过对系统各环节性能的测试及模拟分析,提出了实验系统中目前存在的问题,并对问题的解决途径及潜力进行分析;指出了烟道构件对保温烟道散热的影响不容忽视,并对烟气吸收热泵在热电冷联产系统中应用的可行性、以及影响其能效的主要因素进行了分析与评价。
系统运行策略可及性研究中,通过对燃气内燃机、烟气吸收热泵等动态响应性能的实测及系统热动态响应的模拟分析,对系统启停、以热定电等运行策略的可及性进行了探讨,指出了实际系统运行过程中可能存在的某些运行策略不可及的问题。
运行安全控制研究中,针对内燃机纯发电机组缸套水控制策略在热电冷联产系统应用中易出现的问题,提出了分级控制策略;并对烟气吸收热泵启停机的安全控制流程及安全运行区域进行了分析。
系统环境影响研究中,对燃气内燃机的噪声特征进行了实测分析,并通过降噪实践证实了燃气内燃机噪声控制的可行性;对燃气内燃机的污染排放进行了实测分析及评价。
综述之,本论文基于实际系统的测试及模拟分析,获得了热电冷联产系统在能效、运行策略可及性、安全控制及环境影响等方面一些新的认识,为热电冷联产系统的合理应用奠定了基础。
Most research regarding Building Cooling, Heating and Power (BCHP) technology now focuses on theory analysis rather than application study. In this thesis, a BCHP system based on gas engine and exhaust-gas absorption heat pump is built, measured, simulated and analyzed for the first time. The existing problems in practical cogeneration system are studied and the solution is proposed, which would help to practical BCHP system design and operation in future.
The main study methods applied in this thesis are field measurement and simulation. First, problems are found by field measurement. Then they are explained and analyzed by simulation. Based on the results, improving means are proposed. The research contents include system energy efficiency, operation strategies, operation safety control and environmental effect. In term of system energy efficiency, the performance of each part of the system is measured, simulated and analyzed. Existing problems in system, improving means and potential are illuminated. It is pointed out that components of exhaust pipe can have large influence on the heat transfer performance of heat-preservation pipe. Additionally, the feasibility and the main effect factors of energy efficiency of exhaust-gas absorption heat pump are analyzed and evaluated.
In terms of system operation strategies, the dynamic response of gas engine and exhaust-gas absorption heat pump is measured, simulated and analyzed. The availability of system start and shut down and the operation strategy of“fixing power based on heat”are discussed. The problems that may occur in practical system operation are proposed.
In terms of safety control, step control strategy of jacket water system is proposed and applied in gas engine-based BCHP system. Besides, the safeoperation range and operation schedule of exhaust-gas absorption heat pump are discussed and analyzed.
In term of environmental effect, the noise characteristics of gas engine are analyzed. Then, the feasibility to the noise control of gas engine is approved through practice. Meanwhile the pollution emission of gas engine is measured and analyzed.
In conclusion, based on field measurement of practical system and simulation analysis, new knowledge in the energy efficiency, operation strategy, safety control and environmental effect of BCHP system is gained, which would be the basis of the practical application of BCHP system in future.
论文研究进行的思路是:实验测试与模拟分析相结合,通过实验测试发现可能存在的问题,然后通过模拟对问题进行分析及评价,并指导实验系统进行改进。研究的内容主要从系统能效、运行策略可及性、运行安全控制及环境影响这四个角度来展开。
系统能效研究中,通过对系统各环节性能的测试及模拟分析,提出了实验系统中目前存在的问题,并对问题的解决途径及潜力进行分析;指出了烟道构件对保温烟道散热的影响不容忽视,并对烟气吸收热泵在热电冷联产系统中应用的可行性、以及影响其能效的主要因素进行了分析与评价。
系统运行策略可及性研究中,通过对燃气内燃机、烟气吸收热泵等动态响应性能的实测及系统热动态响应的模拟分析,对系统启停、以热定电等运行策略的可及性进行了探讨,指出了实际系统运行过程中可能存在的某些运行策略不可及的问题。
运行安全控制研究中,针对内燃机纯发电机组缸套水控制策略在热电冷联产系统应用中易出现的问题,提出了分级控制策略;并对烟气吸收热泵启停机的安全控制流程及安全运行区域进行了分析。
系统环境影响研究中,对燃气内燃机的噪声特征进行了实测分析,并通过降噪实践证实了燃气内燃机噪声控制的可行性;对燃气内燃机的污染排放进行了实测分析及评价。
综述之,本论文基于实际系统的测试及模拟分析,获得了热电冷联产系统在能效、运行策略可及性、安全控制及环境影响等方面一些新的认识,为热电冷联产系统的合理应用奠定了基础。
Most research regarding Building Cooling, Heating and Power (BCHP) technology now focuses on theory analysis rather than application study. In this thesis, a BCHP system based on gas engine and exhaust-gas absorption heat pump is built, measured, simulated and analyzed for the first time. The existing problems in practical cogeneration system are studied and the solution is proposed, which would help to practical BCHP system design and operation in future.
The main study methods applied in this thesis are field measurement and simulation. First, problems are found by field measurement. Then they are explained and analyzed by simulation. Based on the results, improving means are proposed. The research contents include system energy efficiency, operation strategies, operation safety control and environmental effect. In term of system energy efficiency, the performance of each part of the system is measured, simulated and analyzed. Existing problems in system, improving means and potential are illuminated. It is pointed out that components of exhaust pipe can have large influence on the heat transfer performance of heat-preservation pipe. Additionally, the feasibility and the main effect factors of energy efficiency of exhaust-gas absorption heat pump are analyzed and evaluated.
In terms of system operation strategies, the dynamic response of gas engine and exhaust-gas absorption heat pump is measured, simulated and analyzed. The availability of system start and shut down and the operation strategy of“fixing power based on heat”are discussed. The problems that may occur in practical system operation are proposed.
In terms of safety control, step control strategy of jacket water system is proposed and applied in gas engine-based BCHP system. Besides, the safeoperation range and operation schedule of exhaust-gas absorption heat pump are discussed and analyzed.
In term of environmental effect, the noise characteristics of gas engine are analyzed. Then, the feasibility to the noise control of gas engine is approved through practice. Meanwhile the pollution emission of gas engine is measured and analyzed.
In conclusion, based on field measurement of practical system and simulation analysis, new knowledge in the energy efficiency, operation strategy, safety control and environmental effect of BCHP system is gained, which would be the basis of the practical application of BCHP system in future.
引文
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