红外微脉冲激光雷达系统研制
摘要
红外微脉冲激光雷达系统具有分辨率高、体积小、能耗低、隐蔽等特点,是大气激光探测的重要手段。将其装载在轮船、飞机等载体上对大气消光系数、能见度进行主动遥感探测具有十分重要的军事应用意义。本文就红外微脉冲激光雷达系统的设计与研制进行了研究,为实现便携式红外光能见度测量仪奠定基础。
论文首先介绍了红外微脉冲激光雷达的国内外研究动态,描述了激光与大气的相互作用机制以及微脉冲激光雷达的大气探测原理。
其次介绍了系统研制初期的激光雷达系统仿真原理和模拟结果,分析了模拟过程中涉及的技术问题:包括大气模型、发射系统和接收系统参数取值等。然后结合理论、经验与仿真结果确定红外微脉冲激光雷达系统各项设计指标。
论文的主体部分为红外微脉冲激光雷达系统设计和研制。该部分介绍了激光雷达系统的设计原理、结构框图和各组成部分:包括发射系统、接收系统、控制扫描系统、信号检测系统。系统采用1064nm波长激光器、125mm口径望远镜、雪崩光电二极管、光子计数采样平均器等元器件。整个系统体积小、质量轻、方便携带和移动、探测距离远、距离分辨率高,适合野外移动测量。同时,给出了一些系统初步实验结果。
论文最后对该系统研制结果进行了小结,并对今后系统的改进和发展提出方案。
Infrared Micro-Pulse Lidar system with high resolution, small dimension, low power consumption, hidden features, is an important means of atmospheric laser detection. By loaded on ships, aircraft and other carriers, it can do initiative remote sensing detection of atmospheric extinction coefficient or visibility. This has important significance for military applications. In this paper, infrared Micro-Pulse Lidar system design and development are studied, which make the basis for the realization of portable infrared visibility measuring instrument.
Firstly, this thesis introduces the infrared Micro-Pulse Lidar research trends at home and abroad, describes the mechanism of interaction between the laser and the atmosphere and the Micro-Pulse Lidar detection principle.
Secondly, this thesis introduces the process of the lidar system simulation and results ,before system development. The technical issues involved in the simulation process are atmospheric models, transmitting and receiving system parameter values and so on. Then the infrared Micro-Pulse Lidar system design specifications are determined combined with theories, experience and simulation results.
The main part of this thesis is infrared Micro-Pulse Lidar system design and development. This part introduces Micro-Pulse Lidar system design principle, frame diagram and each component, including transmitting system, receiving system, controlling system, and signal processing system. The system adopts the 1064 nm wave-length laser, 125 mm caliber telescope, Avalanche Photo Diode, the photon counts equally sample machine etc. The whole system has characters of small volume, light quality, convenience when carried and moved, high distance resolution, suitable used in field measurement. At the same time, some preliminary experimental results of this system are given.
Finally, the paper summarizes the system development, results and proposes suggestions for system improvement in the future.
论文首先介绍了红外微脉冲激光雷达的国内外研究动态,描述了激光与大气的相互作用机制以及微脉冲激光雷达的大气探测原理。
其次介绍了系统研制初期的激光雷达系统仿真原理和模拟结果,分析了模拟过程中涉及的技术问题:包括大气模型、发射系统和接收系统参数取值等。然后结合理论、经验与仿真结果确定红外微脉冲激光雷达系统各项设计指标。
论文的主体部分为红外微脉冲激光雷达系统设计和研制。该部分介绍了激光雷达系统的设计原理、结构框图和各组成部分:包括发射系统、接收系统、控制扫描系统、信号检测系统。系统采用1064nm波长激光器、125mm口径望远镜、雪崩光电二极管、光子计数采样平均器等元器件。整个系统体积小、质量轻、方便携带和移动、探测距离远、距离分辨率高,适合野外移动测量。同时,给出了一些系统初步实验结果。
论文最后对该系统研制结果进行了小结,并对今后系统的改进和发展提出方案。
Infrared Micro-Pulse Lidar system with high resolution, small dimension, low power consumption, hidden features, is an important means of atmospheric laser detection. By loaded on ships, aircraft and other carriers, it can do initiative remote sensing detection of atmospheric extinction coefficient or visibility. This has important significance for military applications. In this paper, infrared Micro-Pulse Lidar system design and development are studied, which make the basis for the realization of portable infrared visibility measuring instrument.
Firstly, this thesis introduces the infrared Micro-Pulse Lidar research trends at home and abroad, describes the mechanism of interaction between the laser and the atmosphere and the Micro-Pulse Lidar detection principle.
Secondly, this thesis introduces the process of the lidar system simulation and results ,before system development. The technical issues involved in the simulation process are atmospheric models, transmitting and receiving system parameter values and so on. Then the infrared Micro-Pulse Lidar system design specifications are determined combined with theories, experience and simulation results.
The main part of this thesis is infrared Micro-Pulse Lidar system design and development. This part introduces Micro-Pulse Lidar system design principle, frame diagram and each component, including transmitting system, receiving system, controlling system, and signal processing system. The system adopts the 1064 nm wave-length laser, 125 mm caliber telescope, Avalanche Photo Diode, the photon counts equally sample machine etc. The whole system has characters of small volume, light quality, convenience when carried and moved, high distance resolution, suitable used in field measurement. At the same time, some preliminary experimental results of this system are given.
Finally, the paper summarizes the system development, results and proposes suggestions for system improvement in the future.
引文
[1]张改霞,张寅超,胡顺星,等. AML-1车载测污激光雷达探测大气边界层气溶胶.强激光与粒子束,2004,16(3):286-290
[2]郭金家.能见度微脉冲激光雷达研制及实验测量:[硕士学位论文].青岛:中国海洋大学,2004
[3] http://www.pa.op.dlr.de/lidar-online/
[4]杨绍.基于1.06 ? m激光雷达的大气消光特性的研究: [硕士学位论文].苏州:苏州大学,2004
[5]李洪敬.苏州城区1064nm激光雷达大气消光特性的研究:[硕士学位论文].苏州:苏州大学,2005
[6] http://www.bmet.cn/show.asp?id=674
[7]张园明.微脉冲激光雷达飞行实验研究:[硕士学位论文].青岛:中国海洋大学,2009
[8]于翠荣.碘分子和F-P鉴频器星载测风激光雷达测量性能模拟比较和分析:[硕士学位论文].青岛:中国海洋大学,2010
[9]徐黎明.大气气溶胶探测小型Mie散射激光雷达系统的设计: [硕士学位论文].西安:西安理工大学,2008
[10]李春亮,曲来世,等.能见度测量技术100问.北京:气象出版社,2009. 1～37
[11] Liu Z., Sugimoto N., and Murayama T. Extinction-to-backscatter ratio of Asian dust observed with high-spectral-resolution lidar and Raman lidar. Appl. Opt., 2002, 41 (15):2760-2766
[12]薛国刚,闫长春,孙东松,等.小型气溶胶激光雷达水平大气回波信号分析.徐州师范大学学报,2006,24(1):60-63
[13] http://library.cma.gov.cn/
[14] http://radar.81tech.com/
[15]徐赤东,纪玉峰. MPL-A1/T型微脉冲激光雷达的研制与应用.大气与环境光学学报,2008,3(5):337-343
[16]戴永,蔡喜平,陈湘君,等.遥感测云微脉冲激光雷达.红外与激光工程,2000, 29(6):1-5
[17]岳斌,董晶晶,孙东松,等.便携式激光雷达能见度仪的研制.红外与激光工程,2008,增刊(37):129-132
[18]贺应红. Mie散射激光雷达实验系统设计与大气消光系数反演方法研究: [硕士学位论文].四川:四川大学,2004
[19]张雪皎,万钧力.单光子探测器件的发展与应用.激光杂志,2007,28(5):13-15
[20]张鹏飞,周金运,廖常俊,等. APD单光子探测技术.光电子技术与信息,2003,16(6)6-11
[21]曹延名. InP基雪崩光电二极管的单光子探测器的研究: [硕士学位论文].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2008
[22]钟志庆,周军,戚福弟,等.探测大气气溶胶消光系数的便携式米散射激光雷达.强激光与粒子束,2003,12(15):1145-1147
[23]白宗杰,陈世军,周扬.单光子雪崩二极管探测系统测试与设计分析.器件制造与应用, 2010,8(8):775-779
[24]黄宇红.单光子计数实验系统及其应用.实验科学与技术, 2006,1:19-22
[25]王传旭.微脉冲激光雷达A/D卡同步触发的设计与实现.现代电子技术, 2004, 13:87-88
[26]松井邦彦.传感器应用技巧141例.北京:科学出版社,2006.35-54
[27] J.D.Klett, Stable analytical inversion solution for processing lidar returns. Applied Optics.1981, 20(2):211-220
[28]毛敏娟,吴永华,戚福弟,等.车载式1064nm和532nm双波长米散射激光雷达.强激光与粒子束,2005,17(5):677-680
[29]陈敏.气溶胶消光系数空间分布及斜程能见度的激光雷达探测: [硕士学位论文].苏州:苏州大学,2006
[2]郭金家.能见度微脉冲激光雷达研制及实验测量:[硕士学位论文].青岛:中国海洋大学,2004
[3] http://www.pa.op.dlr.de/lidar-online/
[4]杨绍.基于1.06 ? m激光雷达的大气消光特性的研究: [硕士学位论文].苏州:苏州大学,2004
[5]李洪敬.苏州城区1064nm激光雷达大气消光特性的研究:[硕士学位论文].苏州:苏州大学,2005
[6] http://www.bmet.cn/show.asp?id=674
[7]张园明.微脉冲激光雷达飞行实验研究:[硕士学位论文].青岛:中国海洋大学,2009
[8]于翠荣.碘分子和F-P鉴频器星载测风激光雷达测量性能模拟比较和分析:[硕士学位论文].青岛:中国海洋大学,2010
[9]徐黎明.大气气溶胶探测小型Mie散射激光雷达系统的设计: [硕士学位论文].西安:西安理工大学,2008
[10]李春亮,曲来世,等.能见度测量技术100问.北京:气象出版社,2009. 1～37
[11] Liu Z., Sugimoto N., and Murayama T. Extinction-to-backscatter ratio of Asian dust observed with high-spectral-resolution lidar and Raman lidar. Appl. Opt., 2002, 41 (15):2760-2766
[12]薛国刚,闫长春,孙东松,等.小型气溶胶激光雷达水平大气回波信号分析.徐州师范大学学报,2006,24(1):60-63
[13] http://library.cma.gov.cn/
[14] http://radar.81tech.com/
[15]徐赤东,纪玉峰. MPL-A1/T型微脉冲激光雷达的研制与应用.大气与环境光学学报,2008,3(5):337-343
[16]戴永,蔡喜平,陈湘君,等.遥感测云微脉冲激光雷达.红外与激光工程,2000, 29(6):1-5
[17]岳斌,董晶晶,孙东松,等.便携式激光雷达能见度仪的研制.红外与激光工程,2008,增刊(37):129-132
[18]贺应红. Mie散射激光雷达实验系统设计与大气消光系数反演方法研究: [硕士学位论文].四川:四川大学,2004
[19]张雪皎,万钧力.单光子探测器件的发展与应用.激光杂志,2007,28(5):13-15
[20]张鹏飞,周金运,廖常俊,等. APD单光子探测技术.光电子技术与信息,2003,16(6)6-11
[21]曹延名. InP基雪崩光电二极管的单光子探测器的研究: [硕士学位论文].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2008
[22]钟志庆,周军,戚福弟,等.探测大气气溶胶消光系数的便携式米散射激光雷达.强激光与粒子束,2003,12(15):1145-1147
[23]白宗杰,陈世军,周扬.单光子雪崩二极管探测系统测试与设计分析.器件制造与应用, 2010,8(8):775-779
[24]黄宇红.单光子计数实验系统及其应用.实验科学与技术, 2006,1:19-22
[25]王传旭.微脉冲激光雷达A/D卡同步触发的设计与实现.现代电子技术, 2004, 13:87-88
[26]松井邦彦.传感器应用技巧141例.北京:科学出版社,2006.35-54
[27] J.D.Klett, Stable analytical inversion solution for processing lidar returns. Applied Optics.1981, 20(2):211-220
[28]毛敏娟,吴永华,戚福弟,等.车载式1064nm和532nm双波长米散射激光雷达.强激光与粒子束,2005,17(5):677-680
[29]陈敏.气溶胶消光系数空间分布及斜程能见度的激光雷达探测: [硕士学位论文].苏州:苏州大学,2006