基于连续小波变换的宽带主动信号检测研究
|
摘要
本文研究了宽带主动信号检测的理论和技术问题。宽带主动信号检测的基础是宽带相关处理。连续小波变换与宽带相关处理的内在一致性使得连续小波变换成为宽带相关处理的数学基础，为宽带相关处理的实现提供了数学支持。宽带模糊度函数是宽带信号分析的有力工具，它与连续小波变换也是内在一致的。总之，连续小波变换是宽带主动信号检测的数学工具，为宽带信号检测提供了理论和技术的支撑。本文的工作如下：
1．论述了宽带信号处理的基本理论，指明了连续小波变换与宽带相关处理、宽带模糊度函数的一致性。
2．研究了连续小波变换的计算结构，给出了基于FFT和Mellin变换的两种连续小波变换快速算法，为宽带相关处理的快速实现提供了基础。
3．以宽带模糊度函数为工具定性地分析了两类典型宽带信号，即调频信号和频率分集信号。获得了多普勒宽容信号，多普勒敏感信号和时延尺度二维联合分辨信号等宽带信号。为宽带信号的检测、参数估计等应用提供了备选信号。
4．给出了宽带主动信号检测器的形式，并进行了仿真研究，证明宽带检测器的有效性，同时验证了非矩形包络双曲调频信号为最佳检测信号。
The theoretics and technique of wideband active signal detection is researched in this dissertation. Wideband Correlation Processing (WCP) is the base of wideband active signal detection. Cause of the coherence between Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) and WCP, CWT forms mathematic foundation of WCP and presents mathematic support to WCP. Wideband Ambiguity Function (WAF) is the powerful tool to analyze the wideband signal, and it is also coherent to CWT. All in a word, the CWT is the mathematic tool of wideband active signal detection, and can underpin wideband active signal detection in theoretics and technique. In this dissertation, some contribution had done as listed:
1. The basic theory of wideband signal processing is discussed and presented. The coherence among CWT, WCP and WAF is pointed out emphatically.
2. The computation structure of CWT is studied. Fast algorithms based on FFT and Mellin Transform are proposed, which can realize the fast WCP.
3. Two kinds of typical wideband signal, Frequency Modulation (FM) signal and Frequency Spread signal, is analyzed qualitatively with Wideband Ambiguity Function. Then author obtain Doppler tolerant signal, Doppler sensitive signal and time-scale combine resolution signal. Thses signals can be used in detection, estimation and other applications.
4. The wideband active signal detector is presented and simulation is given. The result proves this detector is efficient, and that non-rectangle enveloped HFM signal is the optimal detection signal.
1．论述了宽带信号处理的基本理论，指明了连续小波变换与宽带相关处理、宽带模糊度函数的一致性。
2．研究了连续小波变换的计算结构，给出了基于FFT和Mellin变换的两种连续小波变换快速算法，为宽带相关处理的快速实现提供了基础。
3．以宽带模糊度函数为工具定性地分析了两类典型宽带信号，即调频信号和频率分集信号。获得了多普勒宽容信号，多普勒敏感信号和时延尺度二维联合分辨信号等宽带信号。为宽带信号的检测、参数估计等应用提供了备选信号。
4．给出了宽带主动信号检测器的形式，并进行了仿真研究，证明宽带检测器的有效性，同时验证了非矩形包络双曲调频信号为最佳检测信号。
The theoretics and technique of wideband active signal detection is researched in this dissertation. Wideband Correlation Processing (WCP) is the base of wideband active signal detection. Cause of the coherence between Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) and WCP, CWT forms mathematic foundation of WCP and presents mathematic support to WCP. Wideband Ambiguity Function (WAF) is the powerful tool to analyze the wideband signal, and it is also coherent to CWT. All in a word, the CWT is the mathematic tool of wideband active signal detection, and can underpin wideband active signal detection in theoretics and technique. In this dissertation, some contribution had done as listed:
1. The basic theory of wideband signal processing is discussed and presented. The coherence among CWT, WCP and WAF is pointed out emphatically.
2. The computation structure of CWT is studied. Fast algorithms based on FFT and Mellin Transform are proposed, which can realize the fast WCP.
3. Two kinds of typical wideband signal, Frequency Modulation (FM) signal and Frequency Spread signal, is analyzed qualitatively with Wideband Ambiguity Function. Then author obtain Doppler tolerant signal, Doppler sensitive signal and time-scale combine resolution signal. Thses signals can be used in detection, estimation and other applications.
4. The wideband active signal detector is presented and simulation is given. The result proves this detector is efficient, and that non-rectangle enveloped HFM signal is the optimal detection signal.
引文
?
[1]H.L. Van Trees. Detection, Estimation, and Modulation Theory. Wiley, New York, Part Ⅰ, 1968; Part Ⅱ, 1971; Part Ⅲ, 1971.
[2]朱埜．主动声纳检测信息原理．海洋出版社，1990．
[3]R. K. Young. Wavelet Theory and Its Applications. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 1993.
[4]J. M. Speiser. Wide-band Ambiguity Function. IEEE Trans. On Info. Theory, pp 122-123, January 1967.
[5]L. H. Sibul, E. L. Titlebaum. Volume Properties for the Wideband Ambiguity Function. IEEE Trans. On Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Vol. AES-17, No. 1, pp83-87, January 1981.
[6]Zhen-biao Lin. Wideband Ambiguity Function of Broadband Signals. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., Vol.83, No.6, pp2108-2116, June 1988.
[7]Richard A. Altes. Suppression of Radar Clutter and Multipath Effects for Wideband Signals. IEEE Trans. On Info. Theory, Vol.17, pp344-345, May 1971.
[8]Richard A. Altes. Optimum Waveform for Sonar Velocity Discrimination. Proc. of IEEE, pp1615-1617, Nov. 1971.
[9]Richard A. Altes, D. P. Skinner. Sonar Velocity Resolution with a Linear-Period-Modulated Pulse. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol.61, No.4, pp1019-1030, April 1977.
[10]Richard A. Altes. Detection, Estimation, and Classification with Spectrogram. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol.67, No.4. April 1980.
[11]I. Daubechies. The Wavelet Transform, Time-Frequency Location and Signal Analysis. IEEE Trans. On Info. Theory, Vol.36, No.5, pp961-1005, Sept. 1990.
[12]I. Daubechies. Ten Lectures on Wavelets. Philadelphia Pennsylvania: SIAM Press, 1992.
[13]焦李成，保铮．子波理论与应用：进展与展望．电子学报，1993(7)．
[14]赵松年，熊小云．子波变换与子波分析．电子工业出版社，1997．
[15]崔锦泰．小波分析导论．程正兴译．西安交通大学出版社，1995．
[16]李建平，唐远炎．小波分析方法的应用．重庆出版社，1999．
[17]杨福生．小波变换的工程分析与应用．科学出版社，1999．
[18]程正兴．小波分析算法与应用．西安交通大学出版社，1998．
[19]L. G. Weiss. Wavelets and Wideband Correlation Processing. IEEE S.R Magazine, Vol. 11,No. 1,pp. 13～32,January 1994.
[20]L. G. Weiss, R. K. Young, and L. H. Sibul. Wideband processing of acoustic signals using wavelet transforms. Part Ⅰ. Theory. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 96(2), Pt. Ⅰ, pp. 850～856,August 1994.
[21]L. G Weiss. Wideband processing of acoustic signals using wavelet transforms. Part Ⅱ. Efficient implementation and examples. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 96(2), Pt. 1, pp. 857～866,August 1994.
[22]O. Rioul, and P. Duhamel. Fast algorithms for discrete and Continuous wavelet transforms. IEEE Trans. On Info. Theo., Vol. 38, No. 2, pp.569～586,March 1992.
[23]水鹏朗，保铮．基于半连续子波变换的快速宽带相关处理方法．西安电子科技大学学报，第24卷，增刊，27-33，1997年12月．
[24]基于Mellin变换的连续小波变换快速算法．信号处理．第12卷，第四期，342～348,1996年12月．
[25]林茂庸，柯有安．雷达信号理论．国防工业出版社，1984．
[26]M. Frish & H. Messer. Detection of known transient signal with unknown scaling and arrival time. IEEE Trans. on S.P., Vol.42, No. 7, pp. 1859～1863,July 1994.
[27]M. Frish, H. Messer. Detection of a Transient Signal of Unknown Scaling and Arrival time using the Discrete Wavelet Transform. Proc. IEEE ICASSP-91, pp. 1313～1316.
[28]张晓平，田立生，彭应宁．时间尺度域的匹配滤波器与信号检测．电子学报，第24卷，第六期，87～91，1996年6月．
[29]王桥，吴乐南．任意通带信号的采样定理与频带整体适应性数据表示．电子科学学刊．第22卷，第3期，398～401，2000年5月．
[30]J. Bertrand, et al. Discrete Mellin Transform for Signal Analysis. Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on ASSP, Vol.3, 1990, pp. 1603-1606.
[31]李启虎．声呐信号处理引论(第二版)．海洋出版社，2000．
[32]田琬逸，张效民．信号检测与估值．西北工业大学出版社，1990．
[33]黄海宁．水下宽频带信号处理的理论与技术研究．西北工业大学博士论文，1999．
[34]S. M. Kay. Fundamentals of Statistical Signal Processing. Vol. Ⅱ. Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 1993.
[1]H.L. Van Trees. Detection, Estimation, and Modulation Theory. Wiley, New York, Part Ⅰ, 1968; Part Ⅱ, 1971; Part Ⅲ, 1971.
[2]朱埜．主动声纳检测信息原理．海洋出版社，1990．
[3]R. K. Young. Wavelet Theory and Its Applications. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 1993.
[4]J. M. Speiser. Wide-band Ambiguity Function. IEEE Trans. On Info. Theory, pp 122-123, January 1967.
[5]L. H. Sibul, E. L. Titlebaum. Volume Properties for the Wideband Ambiguity Function. IEEE Trans. On Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Vol. AES-17, No. 1, pp83-87, January 1981.
[6]Zhen-biao Lin. Wideband Ambiguity Function of Broadband Signals. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., Vol.83, No.6, pp2108-2116, June 1988.
[7]Richard A. Altes. Suppression of Radar Clutter and Multipath Effects for Wideband Signals. IEEE Trans. On Info. Theory, Vol.17, pp344-345, May 1971.
[8]Richard A. Altes. Optimum Waveform for Sonar Velocity Discrimination. Proc. of IEEE, pp1615-1617, Nov. 1971.
[9]Richard A. Altes, D. P. Skinner. Sonar Velocity Resolution with a Linear-Period-Modulated Pulse. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol.61, No.4, pp1019-1030, April 1977.
[10]Richard A. Altes. Detection, Estimation, and Classification with Spectrogram. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol.67, No.4. April 1980.
[11]I. Daubechies. The Wavelet Transform, Time-Frequency Location and Signal Analysis. IEEE Trans. On Info. Theory, Vol.36, No.5, pp961-1005, Sept. 1990.
[12]I. Daubechies. Ten Lectures on Wavelets. Philadelphia Pennsylvania: SIAM Press, 1992.
[13]焦李成，保铮．子波理论与应用：进展与展望．电子学报，1993(7)．
[14]赵松年，熊小云．子波变换与子波分析．电子工业出版社，1997．
[15]崔锦泰．小波分析导论．程正兴译．西安交通大学出版社，1995．
[16]李建平，唐远炎．小波分析方法的应用．重庆出版社，1999．
[17]杨福生．小波变换的工程分析与应用．科学出版社，1999．
[18]程正兴．小波分析算法与应用．西安交通大学出版社，1998．
[19]L. G. Weiss. Wavelets and Wideband Correlation Processing. IEEE S.R Magazine, Vol. 11,No. 1,pp. 13～32,January 1994.
[20]L. G. Weiss, R. K. Young, and L. H. Sibul. Wideband processing of acoustic signals using wavelet transforms. Part Ⅰ. Theory. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 96(2), Pt. Ⅰ, pp. 850～856,August 1994.
[21]L. G Weiss. Wideband processing of acoustic signals using wavelet transforms. Part Ⅱ. Efficient implementation and examples. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 96(2), Pt. 1, pp. 857～866,August 1994.
[22]O. Rioul, and P. Duhamel. Fast algorithms for discrete and Continuous wavelet transforms. IEEE Trans. On Info. Theo., Vol. 38, No. 2, pp.569～586,March 1992.
[23]水鹏朗，保铮．基于半连续子波变换的快速宽带相关处理方法．西安电子科技大学学报，第24卷，增刊，27-33，1997年12月．
[24]基于Mellin变换的连续小波变换快速算法．信号处理．第12卷，第四期，342～348,1996年12月．
[25]林茂庸，柯有安．雷达信号理论．国防工业出版社，1984．
[26]M. Frish & H. Messer. Detection of known transient signal with unknown scaling and arrival time. IEEE Trans. on S.P., Vol.42, No. 7, pp. 1859～1863,July 1994.
[27]M. Frish, H. Messer. Detection of a Transient Signal of Unknown Scaling and Arrival time using the Discrete Wavelet Transform. Proc. IEEE ICASSP-91, pp. 1313～1316.
[28]张晓平，田立生，彭应宁．时间尺度域的匹配滤波器与信号检测．电子学报，第24卷，第六期，87～91，1996年6月．
[29]王桥，吴乐南．任意通带信号的采样定理与频带整体适应性数据表示．电子科学学刊．第22卷，第3期，398～401，2000年5月．
[30]J. Bertrand, et al. Discrete Mellin Transform for Signal Analysis. Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on ASSP, Vol.3, 1990, pp. 1603-1606.
[31]李启虎．声呐信号处理引论(第二版)．海洋出版社，2000．
[32]田琬逸，张效民．信号检测与估值．西北工业大学出版社，1990．
[33]黄海宁．水下宽频带信号处理的理论与技术研究．西北工业大学博士论文，1999．
[34]S. M. Kay. Fundamentals of Statistical Signal Processing. Vol. Ⅱ. Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 1993.