基于DSP的变频电源数字化控制技术的研究
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摘要
随着高性能DSP控制器的出现,变频电源的全数字化控制成为现实。数字控制系统具有集成度高、抗干扰能力强、控制灵活、可实现先进的控制算法和便于实时控制等优点。采用DSP作为DC—AC逆变控制的核心,可以用软件很容易地实现灵活、准确的在线控制与故障检测。
本文研究了基于TI公司的TMS320LF2407芯片的单相SPWM变频电源的数字控制技术。阐述了变频电源系统的工作原理,分析了逆变系统中最常用的正弦脉宽调制方式及其产生方法。文章首先对逆变器模型和SPWM调制技术做了详细的介绍,分析研究了SPWM波形的产生机理。在此基础上对变频电源的输出波形控制策略进行系统的分析研究,通过研究数字PID控制策略提出了双闭环模糊-PID控制策略,并对这两种控制策略进行了分析比较。
然后,根据变频电源的技术要求,提出了硬件电路中各部分的设计方案,完成了系统的软硬件设计,硬件系统包括全桥主电路设计、以DSP为核心的逆变控制系统、驱动保护、采样调理等,给出了各单元的电路设计。控制系统的软件重点阐述逆变器数字控制系统主要环节设计,给出了软件的总体结构、SPWM波形的实现,生成数字正弦基准,实现逆变器逻辑控制功能,即对逆变器的保护、检测进行控制等。
最后利用MATLAB和SIMULINK仿真软件建立了逆变器的仿真模型,用以验证控制方案的可行性和有效性。其研究和分析的结果为逆变器的数字化控制的研究、完善和应用建立了基础。
With the emergence of high-performance DSP controller, variable frequency power of digital control can be a reality. Digital control system with high integration, anti-interference capability, control and flexible and can be of advanced control algorithms and facilitate the advantages of real-time control. DSP used as a DC-AC inverter control of the core software can be used very easily to achieve flexible and accurate on-line control and fault detection.
This article introduces digital control technologies of a single-phase SPWM inverter based on TMS320LF2407. Frequency Power Supply System described the work principle of the inverter system most commonly used in the sinusoidal pulse width modulation and its methods, as well as analog, digital control circuit advantages and disadvantages. Firstly, the article detail introduces the inverter model and SPWM modulation technology, analytical the SPWM waveform generating mechanism. On this basis, the power of the inverter output waveforms for system control strategy analysis of the study by digital PID control strategy for the dual-loop Fuzzy - PID control strategy, And has carried on the analysis comparison to these two kind of control strategy.
Then, in accordance with the technical requirements of variable frequency power supply, hardware made in various parts of the circuit design of the hardware and software required to complete the system design, hardware systems include full-bridge circuit design, DSP-core inverter control systems, drive protection , sampling conditioning, and so on, given the circuit design of the modules. Control System Software inverter focus on the core elements of digital control system design, given the overall structure of the software, waveform SPWM the realization of generating sine benchmark figures and realize inverter logic control, the protection of the inverter, detection of control.
Finally, simulation software MATLAB and SIMULINK inverter for the establishment of a simulation model to test the feasibility of control and effectiveness. Its research and analysis of the results of the digital inverter controlled study, improve, and the establishment of a foundation.
本文研究了基于TI公司的TMS320LF2407芯片的单相SPWM变频电源的数字控制技术。阐述了变频电源系统的工作原理,分析了逆变系统中最常用的正弦脉宽调制方式及其产生方法。文章首先对逆变器模型和SPWM调制技术做了详细的介绍,分析研究了SPWM波形的产生机理。在此基础上对变频电源的输出波形控制策略进行系统的分析研究,通过研究数字PID控制策略提出了双闭环模糊-PID控制策略,并对这两种控制策略进行了分析比较。
然后,根据变频电源的技术要求,提出了硬件电路中各部分的设计方案,完成了系统的软硬件设计,硬件系统包括全桥主电路设计、以DSP为核心的逆变控制系统、驱动保护、采样调理等,给出了各单元的电路设计。控制系统的软件重点阐述逆变器数字控制系统主要环节设计,给出了软件的总体结构、SPWM波形的实现,生成数字正弦基准,实现逆变器逻辑控制功能,即对逆变器的保护、检测进行控制等。
最后利用MATLAB和SIMULINK仿真软件建立了逆变器的仿真模型,用以验证控制方案的可行性和有效性。其研究和分析的结果为逆变器的数字化控制的研究、完善和应用建立了基础。
With the emergence of high-performance DSP controller, variable frequency power of digital control can be a reality. Digital control system with high integration, anti-interference capability, control and flexible and can be of advanced control algorithms and facilitate the advantages of real-time control. DSP used as a DC-AC inverter control of the core software can be used very easily to achieve flexible and accurate on-line control and fault detection.
This article introduces digital control technologies of a single-phase SPWM inverter based on TMS320LF2407. Frequency Power Supply System described the work principle of the inverter system most commonly used in the sinusoidal pulse width modulation and its methods, as well as analog, digital control circuit advantages and disadvantages. Firstly, the article detail introduces the inverter model and SPWM modulation technology, analytical the SPWM waveform generating mechanism. On this basis, the power of the inverter output waveforms for system control strategy analysis of the study by digital PID control strategy for the dual-loop Fuzzy - PID control strategy, And has carried on the analysis comparison to these two kind of control strategy.
Then, in accordance with the technical requirements of variable frequency power supply, hardware made in various parts of the circuit design of the hardware and software required to complete the system design, hardware systems include full-bridge circuit design, DSP-core inverter control systems, drive protection , sampling conditioning, and so on, given the circuit design of the modules. Control System Software inverter focus on the core elements of digital control system design, given the overall structure of the software, waveform SPWM the realization of generating sine benchmark figures and realize inverter logic control, the protection of the inverter, detection of control.
Finally, simulation software MATLAB and SIMULINK inverter for the establishment of a simulation model to test the feasibility of control and effectiveness. Its research and analysis of the results of the digital inverter controlled study, improve, and the establishment of a foundation.
引文
[1]周胜灵.逆变电源的数字化控制技术研究,[硕士学位论文]重庆:重庆大学,2005
[2]窦伟.数字化控制DC/Ac正弦波电源,[硕士学位论文]四川:四川大学,2004
[3]刁元均,邹滨.基于数字PID的逆变电源复合控制技术[J].电气技术,2006年09期
[4]高军,杨旭,王兆安.正弦波逆变电源抗偏磁电路的研究[J].电工电能新技术,2000,19(4):8-11.
[5]刘军,严仰光.一种新颖的滞环电流型双降压式半桥逆变器[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2003,35(2):122-126.
[6]Rahman K M,Rezwan Khan M.Variable band hysteresis current controllers for pwm voltage source inverters[J].lEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,1997,12(6):964-970.
[7]张凯,康勇,熊健,陈坚.基于状态反馈控制和重复控制的逆变电源研究[J].电力电子技术,2000.5,9-11.
[8]强文,黄西平,王鑫.基于重复控制和无差拍控制的逆变电源数字控制技术研究[J].通信电源技术,第24卷第4期2007.7,14-17.
[9]穆新华,葛红娟.基于重复控制技术的单相航空静止变流器的研究[J].航空学报.第26卷第4期,2005.7,482-485.
[10]XIA Yuanqing,JIA Yingmin,Robust sliding-mode control for uncertain time-delay systems:an LMI approach[J].IEEE Transactions Automatic control,2003,48(6):1086-1092.
[11]KHAR1TONOV V,MELCHOR A.On delay-dependent stability conditions for time-varying systems[J].Systems and Control Letters 2002,46(3):173-180.
[12]胡兴柳.基于DSP的SPWM变频电源数字控制[J].电源技术应用,2006,(7).
[13]周志刚.基于DSP的空间矢量脉宽调制变频电源的研究,[硕士学位论文]长沙:湖南大学,2005.
[14]宋海斌.基于TMS320LF2407的串联谐振变频电源的研制,[硕士学位论文]上海:上海交通大学,2006
[15]徐应年,赵阳.电压型逆变电源输出电压IMC-PID控制技术研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,(10).
[16]何必,林桦.电流控制型矩阵变换器抑制共模电压控制策略[J].中国电机工程学 报,2007,(9).
[17]邓宏贵,罗安,曹建.具有整功率因数的PWM变流器控制[J]电气应用,2005,(01).
[18]Kojima,H.Shimizu,T.Shioya,M.Kimura,G;High frequency power transmission in plural induction heating load circuits.Industrial Electronics Society,1990.IECON '90,16th Annual Conference of IEEE
[19]Lu,L Pytel,S.G.;Santi,E.;Bryant,A.T.;Hudgins,J.L.;Palmer,P.R.Modeling of IGBT resistive and inductive turn-on behavior.Conference Record - IAS Annual Meeting(IEEE Industry Applications Society),2005,p 2643-2650
[20]尹忠刚.基于空间电压矢量的PWM整流器的研究,[硕士学位论文]西安:西安理工大学,2006.
[21]王青.基于SOPC技术的数字变频电源设计,[硕士学位论文]上海:上海交通大学,2007.
[22]邓威.基于DSP的变频电源设计,[硕士学位论文]西安:西北工业大学,2002.
[23]程曙,徐国卿,许哲雄.SPWM 逆变器死区效应分析[J]电力系统及其自动化学报,2002,(04).
[24]Valentine,R.J.IGBT high frequency operation.Industry Applications Conference,1996.Thirty-First IAS Annual Meeting,IAS '96,Conference Record of the 1996 IEEE
[25]Wei Xing Lin;Liu,P.X.Harmonic Analysis of SPWM Wave Generated PWM Output.Intelligent Control and Automation,WCICA 2006.
[26]臧健.基于DSP的静止变频电源控制系统的研究,[硕士学位论文]西安:西安理工大学,2003.
[27]Pan Zhiguo,Peng Fangzheng,Victor Stefanovic,etal.A diode-clamped multilevel converter with reduced number of damping diodes.In:IEEE Proc.of APEC'2004.Anaheim,California,USA:IEEE,2004,820-824
[28]杨宏,阮新波,严仰光.四桥臂二相逆变器的PWM控制.南京航空航天大学学报,2002,34(6):575-579
[29]陈曾禄,毛惠丰,周炳根等.SPWM数字化自然采样法的理论及应用研究.中国电机工程学报,2005,25(1):32-37
[30]姜旭,肖湘宁,尹忠东.基于载波移相SPWM级联式变换器输出谐波分析.电力电子技术,2005,39(5):57-59
[31]付超,石新春,土毅.级联型逆变器的空问矢量移相调制方法.电力电子技术,2005,39(5):51-53
[32]Liu H.,Xiao X.,Xu Y.Study on the simplified algorithm of space vector PWM.In:Proceedings of the IEEE PEDS,Singapore:IEEE,2003,877-881
[33]Mondal S K,Bose B K,Oleschuk V,et al.Space vector pulse width modulationof three-level inverter extending operation in to overmodulation region.IEEETrans.on Power Electronics,2003,18(2):604-611
[34]向建玲.基于DSP的UPS数字化控制技术研究,[硕士学位论文]南京:南京航空航天大学,2003.
[35]吴睿,谢少军.基于abc坐标系空间矢量控制的电压源型逆变器研究.电工技术学报,2005,20(12):47-52
[36]彭力.基于状态空间理论的PWM逆变电源控制技术研究,[博士学位论文]武汉:华中科技大学图书馆,2004
[37]余明锋,刘志刚,苗春晖.一种三电平逆变器空间矢量PWM控制算法的实现.电力电子技术,2005,39(1):48-50
[38]Li Li,Dariusz Czarkowski,Yaguang Liu,et al.Multilevel selective harmonic elimination PWM technique in series-connected voltage inverters.IEEE Trans.On Ind.Appl.,2000,36(1):160-170
[39]高军.UPS逆变器数字化控制技术的研究,[博士学位论文]西安:西安交通大学,2002
[40]昌淑萍,李文秀.数字控制系统.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2002
[41]付洁.三相逆变电源数字控制技术研究,[硕士学位论文]武汉:华中科技大学,2006
[42]郭卫农,朱鹏程,孔雪娟.一种基于DSP实现的异步调制数字变频算法.电源世界,2001,(11):24-26
[43]周樑.PWM逆变电源瞬时值反馈控制技术研究,[硕士学位论文]武汉:华中科技大学,2006
[2]窦伟.数字化控制DC/Ac正弦波电源,[硕士学位论文]四川:四川大学,2004
[3]刁元均,邹滨.基于数字PID的逆变电源复合控制技术[J].电气技术,2006年09期
[4]高军,杨旭,王兆安.正弦波逆变电源抗偏磁电路的研究[J].电工电能新技术,2000,19(4):8-11.
[5]刘军,严仰光.一种新颖的滞环电流型双降压式半桥逆变器[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2003,35(2):122-126.
[6]Rahman K M,Rezwan Khan M.Variable band hysteresis current controllers for pwm voltage source inverters[J].lEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,1997,12(6):964-970.
[7]张凯,康勇,熊健,陈坚.基于状态反馈控制和重复控制的逆变电源研究[J].电力电子技术,2000.5,9-11.
[8]强文,黄西平,王鑫.基于重复控制和无差拍控制的逆变电源数字控制技术研究[J].通信电源技术,第24卷第4期2007.7,14-17.
[9]穆新华,葛红娟.基于重复控制技术的单相航空静止变流器的研究[J].航空学报.第26卷第4期,2005.7,482-485.
[10]XIA Yuanqing,JIA Yingmin,Robust sliding-mode control for uncertain time-delay systems:an LMI approach[J].IEEE Transactions Automatic control,2003,48(6):1086-1092.
[11]KHAR1TONOV V,MELCHOR A.On delay-dependent stability conditions for time-varying systems[J].Systems and Control Letters 2002,46(3):173-180.
[12]胡兴柳.基于DSP的SPWM变频电源数字控制[J].电源技术应用,2006,(7).
[13]周志刚.基于DSP的空间矢量脉宽调制变频电源的研究,[硕士学位论文]长沙:湖南大学,2005.
[14]宋海斌.基于TMS320LF2407的串联谐振变频电源的研制,[硕士学位论文]上海:上海交通大学,2006
[15]徐应年,赵阳.电压型逆变电源输出电压IMC-PID控制技术研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,(10).
[16]何必,林桦.电流控制型矩阵变换器抑制共模电压控制策略[J].中国电机工程学 报,2007,(9).
[17]邓宏贵,罗安,曹建.具有整功率因数的PWM变流器控制[J]电气应用,2005,(01).
[18]Kojima,H.Shimizu,T.Shioya,M.Kimura,G;High frequency power transmission in plural induction heating load circuits.Industrial Electronics Society,1990.IECON '90,16th Annual Conference of IEEE
[19]Lu,L Pytel,S.G.;Santi,E.;Bryant,A.T.;Hudgins,J.L.;Palmer,P.R.Modeling of IGBT resistive and inductive turn-on behavior.Conference Record - IAS Annual Meeting(IEEE Industry Applications Society),2005,p 2643-2650
[20]尹忠刚.基于空间电压矢量的PWM整流器的研究,[硕士学位论文]西安:西安理工大学,2006.
[21]王青.基于SOPC技术的数字变频电源设计,[硕士学位论文]上海:上海交通大学,2007.
[22]邓威.基于DSP的变频电源设计,[硕士学位论文]西安:西北工业大学,2002.
[23]程曙,徐国卿,许哲雄.SPWM 逆变器死区效应分析[J]电力系统及其自动化学报,2002,(04).
[24]Valentine,R.J.IGBT high frequency operation.Industry Applications Conference,1996.Thirty-First IAS Annual Meeting,IAS '96,Conference Record of the 1996 IEEE
[25]Wei Xing Lin;Liu,P.X.Harmonic Analysis of SPWM Wave Generated PWM Output.Intelligent Control and Automation,WCICA 2006.
[26]臧健.基于DSP的静止变频电源控制系统的研究,[硕士学位论文]西安:西安理工大学,2003.
[27]Pan Zhiguo,Peng Fangzheng,Victor Stefanovic,etal.A diode-clamped multilevel converter with reduced number of damping diodes.In:IEEE Proc.of APEC'2004.Anaheim,California,USA:IEEE,2004,820-824
[28]杨宏,阮新波,严仰光.四桥臂二相逆变器的PWM控制.南京航空航天大学学报,2002,34(6):575-579
[29]陈曾禄,毛惠丰,周炳根等.SPWM数字化自然采样法的理论及应用研究.中国电机工程学报,2005,25(1):32-37
[30]姜旭,肖湘宁,尹忠东.基于载波移相SPWM级联式变换器输出谐波分析.电力电子技术,2005,39(5):57-59
[31]付超,石新春,土毅.级联型逆变器的空问矢量移相调制方法.电力电子技术,2005,39(5):51-53
[32]Liu H.,Xiao X.,Xu Y.Study on the simplified algorithm of space vector PWM.In:Proceedings of the IEEE PEDS,Singapore:IEEE,2003,877-881
[33]Mondal S K,Bose B K,Oleschuk V,et al.Space vector pulse width modulationof three-level inverter extending operation in to overmodulation region.IEEETrans.on Power Electronics,2003,18(2):604-611
[34]向建玲.基于DSP的UPS数字化控制技术研究,[硕士学位论文]南京:南京航空航天大学,2003.
[35]吴睿,谢少军.基于abc坐标系空间矢量控制的电压源型逆变器研究.电工技术学报,2005,20(12):47-52
[36]彭力.基于状态空间理论的PWM逆变电源控制技术研究,[博士学位论文]武汉:华中科技大学图书馆,2004
[37]余明锋,刘志刚,苗春晖.一种三电平逆变器空间矢量PWM控制算法的实现.电力电子技术,2005,39(1):48-50
[38]Li Li,Dariusz Czarkowski,Yaguang Liu,et al.Multilevel selective harmonic elimination PWM technique in series-connected voltage inverters.IEEE Trans.On Ind.Appl.,2000,36(1):160-170
[39]高军.UPS逆变器数字化控制技术的研究,[博士学位论文]西安:西安交通大学,2002
[40]昌淑萍,李文秀.数字控制系统.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2002
[41]付洁.三相逆变电源数字控制技术研究,[硕士学位论文]武汉:华中科技大学,2006
[42]郭卫农,朱鹏程,孔雪娟.一种基于DSP实现的异步调制数字变频算法.电源世界,2001,(11):24-26
[43]周樑.PWM逆变电源瞬时值反馈控制技术研究,[硕士学位论文]武汉:华中科技大学,2006