自拟脱敏止嚏汤对变应性鼻炎大鼠鼻黏膜IL-18和EOTAXINmRNA表达的影响
|
摘要
目的观察自拟脱敏止嚏汤对变应性鼻炎(AR)大鼠模型鼻粘膜中IL-18和EotaxinmRNA表达水平的影响,探讨其治疗变应性鼻炎的作用机理,为该方在临床治疗AR提供理论依据。
方法将40只健康SD大鼠随机分成正常对照组、过敏性鼻炎模型组、地塞米松(DXM)治疗组和自拟脱敏止嚏汤治疗组,每组10只,采用卵清蛋白(OVA)为致敏原制备AR大鼠模型,治疗组在腹腔注射全身致敏结束后分别给予DXM、中药汤剂干预14天并给予OVA滴鼻维持过敏状态,而正常对照组则用生理盐水代替OVA及干预药物。用被动皮肤过敏原试验(PCA)检验大鼠模型制备及药物干预后情况,用ELISA法检测血清中IL-18和Eotaxin的含量,用RT-PCR法检测各组大鼠鼻粘膜中IL-18和EotaxinmRNA表达水平。
结果1.大鼠鼻部症状计分：治疗前,模型组计分高于正常组(P<0.05),治疗后,中、西药治疗组计分低于模型组(P<0.01),差异有显著性,中、西药治疗组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2.血清IL-18的含量及鼻粘膜中IL-18mRNA的表达水平：治疗前,模型组血清中IL-18的含量和鼻粘膜中IL-18mRNA的表达水平均低于正常组(P<0.01),治疗后,中、西药治疗组血清中IL-18的含量和鼻粘膜中IL-18mRNA的表达均高于模型组(P<0.01),差异有显著性,两治疗组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3.血清Eotaxin的含量及鼻粘膜中EotaxinmRNA表达水平：治疗前,模型组血清中Eotaxin的含量和鼻粘膜中EotaxinmRNA表达水平均高于正常组(P<0.01),治疗后,中、西药治疗组血清中Eotaxin的含量和鼻粘膜中EotaxinmRNA表达水平均低于模型组(P<0.01),差异有显著性,中、西药治疗组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)
结论自拟脱敏止嚏汤能明显改善变应性鼻炎大鼠的鼻痒、喷嚏、清涕等症状,通过下调变应性鼻炎大鼻黏膜EotaxinmRNA的表达,上调IL-18mRNA的表达,调节Thl和Th2的偏移,纠正失衡的Th细胞因子网络系统,达到治疗AR的目的。主题词：自拟脱敏止嚏汤,变应性鼻炎,白介素18,嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子
Objective To observe the effect of ZiNiTuoMinZhiTi-decoction to allergic rhinitis on the level of gene expression of IL-18mRNA and EotaxinmRNA in nasal mucosa in rat model of allgegic rhinitis,and to show the part action mechanism of the ZiNiTuoMinZhiTi-decoction treating allergic rhinitis,then explore the most effective way to treat allergic rhinitis.We are going to establish the theory basis of clinic treatment of AR through this research.
Methods Forty rats were equally randomized into 4 groups:normal control group, allergic rhinitis(AR) group and AR+DXM group and AR+ ZiNiTuoMinZhiTi-decoction group with 10 cases in each group. Establish allergic rhinitis model of rats by injecting vaccine (OVA+Alumina), Rats in AR+ DXM group were treated with DXM for 2 weeks after OVA challenge and Rats in AR+ ZiNiTuoMinZhiTi-decoction group were treated with the ZiNiTuoMinZhiTi-decoction for 2 weeks after OVA challenge and rats in normal control group received normal saline. Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA) test was performed in all rats and the content IL-18 and Eotaxin in the serum were determined by Elisa and the level of gene expression of IL-18 and Eotaxin were determined by RT-PCR method.
Results 1.Observation of nasal symptoms on the AR rats before and after treatment and marks showed that,before treatment,the nasal symptoms of normal group had significant difference with other three groups,after treatment,symptoms of western medicine group had no obvious difference compared with that of TCM group(P>0.05),while both had lower marks than mode group (P<0.01).2. Serum IL-18 content and The level of gene expression of IL-18:before treatment,model group IL-18 content and the level of gene expression of IL-18 are below normal group (p<0.01),after treatment,group,western medicine therapy in serum IL-18 content and the level of gene expression of IL-18 higher than in model group(p<0.01),there is a significant difference between the two treatment groups,sex difference was satistically significant(p>0.05).3. Serum Eotaxin content and nasal mucosa EotaxinmRNA in expression level:before treatment,model group Eotaxin content in serum and nasal mucosa EotaxinmRNA expression level are higher in normal group(p<0.01),after treatment,in treatment group,the western Eotaxin content in serum in and nasal mucosa EotaxinmRNA expression level are below model group(p<0.01),group,medium,westem medicine therapy not statistically significant between-group difference(p>0.05).
Conclusion ZiNiTuoMinZhiTi-decoction has good effect on allergic rhinitis nasal deschange,sneezing,clear cut Ti wait for a symptom,through large allergic rhinitis nasal mucosa, up-regulated IL-18mRNA expression level and down-regulated EotaxinmRNA expression level in the nasal septum mucosa of allergic rhinitis rat and adjust the offset,correcting unbalanced Th cytokine network system,to achieve the purpose of treatment of the AR.
方法将40只健康SD大鼠随机分成正常对照组、过敏性鼻炎模型组、地塞米松(DXM)治疗组和自拟脱敏止嚏汤治疗组,每组10只,采用卵清蛋白(OVA)为致敏原制备AR大鼠模型,治疗组在腹腔注射全身致敏结束后分别给予DXM、中药汤剂干预14天并给予OVA滴鼻维持过敏状态,而正常对照组则用生理盐水代替OVA及干预药物。用被动皮肤过敏原试验(PCA)检验大鼠模型制备及药物干预后情况,用ELISA法检测血清中IL-18和Eotaxin的含量,用RT-PCR法检测各组大鼠鼻粘膜中IL-18和EotaxinmRNA表达水平。
结果1.大鼠鼻部症状计分：治疗前,模型组计分高于正常组(P<0.05),治疗后,中、西药治疗组计分低于模型组(P<0.01),差异有显著性,中、西药治疗组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2.血清IL-18的含量及鼻粘膜中IL-18mRNA的表达水平：治疗前,模型组血清中IL-18的含量和鼻粘膜中IL-18mRNA的表达水平均低于正常组(P<0.01),治疗后,中、西药治疗组血清中IL-18的含量和鼻粘膜中IL-18mRNA的表达均高于模型组(P<0.01),差异有显著性,两治疗组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3.血清Eotaxin的含量及鼻粘膜中EotaxinmRNA表达水平：治疗前,模型组血清中Eotaxin的含量和鼻粘膜中EotaxinmRNA表达水平均高于正常组(P<0.01),治疗后,中、西药治疗组血清中Eotaxin的含量和鼻粘膜中EotaxinmRNA表达水平均低于模型组(P<0.01),差异有显著性,中、西药治疗组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)
结论自拟脱敏止嚏汤能明显改善变应性鼻炎大鼠的鼻痒、喷嚏、清涕等症状,通过下调变应性鼻炎大鼻黏膜EotaxinmRNA的表达,上调IL-18mRNA的表达,调节Thl和Th2的偏移,纠正失衡的Th细胞因子网络系统,达到治疗AR的目的。主题词：自拟脱敏止嚏汤,变应性鼻炎,白介素18,嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子
Objective To observe the effect of ZiNiTuoMinZhiTi-decoction to allergic rhinitis on the level of gene expression of IL-18mRNA and EotaxinmRNA in nasal mucosa in rat model of allgegic rhinitis,and to show the part action mechanism of the ZiNiTuoMinZhiTi-decoction treating allergic rhinitis,then explore the most effective way to treat allergic rhinitis.We are going to establish the theory basis of clinic treatment of AR through this research.
Methods Forty rats were equally randomized into 4 groups:normal control group, allergic rhinitis(AR) group and AR+DXM group and AR+ ZiNiTuoMinZhiTi-decoction group with 10 cases in each group. Establish allergic rhinitis model of rats by injecting vaccine (OVA+Alumina), Rats in AR+ DXM group were treated with DXM for 2 weeks after OVA challenge and Rats in AR+ ZiNiTuoMinZhiTi-decoction group were treated with the ZiNiTuoMinZhiTi-decoction for 2 weeks after OVA challenge and rats in normal control group received normal saline. Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA) test was performed in all rats and the content IL-18 and Eotaxin in the serum were determined by Elisa and the level of gene expression of IL-18 and Eotaxin were determined by RT-PCR method.
Results 1.Observation of nasal symptoms on the AR rats before and after treatment and marks showed that,before treatment,the nasal symptoms of normal group had significant difference with other three groups,after treatment,symptoms of western medicine group had no obvious difference compared with that of TCM group(P>0.05),while both had lower marks than mode group (P<0.01).2. Serum IL-18 content and The level of gene expression of IL-18:before treatment,model group IL-18 content and the level of gene expression of IL-18 are below normal group (p<0.01),after treatment,group,western medicine therapy in serum IL-18 content and the level of gene expression of IL-18 higher than in model group(p<0.01),there is a significant difference between the two treatment groups,sex difference was satistically significant(p>0.05).3. Serum Eotaxin content and nasal mucosa EotaxinmRNA in expression level:before treatment,model group Eotaxin content in serum and nasal mucosa EotaxinmRNA expression level are higher in normal group(p<0.01),after treatment,in treatment group,the western Eotaxin content in serum in and nasal mucosa EotaxinmRNA expression level are below model group(p<0.01),group,medium,westem medicine therapy not statistically significant between-group difference(p>0.05).
Conclusion ZiNiTuoMinZhiTi-decoction has good effect on allergic rhinitis nasal deschange,sneezing,clear cut Ti wait for a symptom,through large allergic rhinitis nasal mucosa, up-regulated IL-18mRNA expression level and down-regulated EotaxinmRNA expression level in the nasal septum mucosa of allergic rhinitis rat and adjust the offset,correcting unbalanced Th cytokine network system,to achieve the purpose of treatment of the AR.
引文
[1]Finotto S,Neurath MF,Glickman JN,et al.Development of spontaneous airway changes consistent with human asthma in mice lacking T-bet. Science,2002,295:336-338
[2]林学颜,张玲.现代细胞与分子免疫学.北京：科学出版社,1999.191
[3]陈军,房江滨,宋学章,等.血清IL-4、IFN-γ与持续性变应性鼻炎的相关性.中国中西医结合耳鼻咽喉杂志,2006,14(12)：215-216
[4]顾之燕.呼吸道炎症反应[J].中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志,2001,36(5)：397-399
[5]Fujisawa T, Kato Y, Nagase H, et al. Chemokines induce eosinophil degranulation through CCR-3. J Allergy Clin Immunol,2000,106 (3):507-513
[6]章如新,江德胜,周水森,等.P物质能神经阻滞剂治疗变应性鼻炎的实验研究.中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志,1994,29(5)：282-285
[7]于洪伟,董震,杨占泉.芦荟治疗大鼠实验性变应性鼻炎的分子生物学研究.临床耳鼻咽喉科杂志,2002,16(5)：229-231
[8]陈奇.中药药理实验方法,第一版,北京：人民卫生出版社,1994,207
[9]安云芳,赵长青,主庆义,等.变应性鼻炎鼻粘膜P物质受体的研究.中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志,1998,33(3)：139-142
[10]Lilly CM,Nakamura H, Belostotsky OI,et al.Eotaxin in expression after segmental allerge challenge in subject with atopic asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med,2001,163:1669-1675
[11]AJam R, Stafford S, Kamper G.J Allergy Clin Immunol,1999,103 (1Pt2):S56
[12]Zimniennann N, Conkright JJ, Rothenberg ME.J Biol Chem,1999,274:12611-12618
[13]Menzis GA, Ying S,Sabroe I, et al. Eotaxin (CCL11) and eotaxin-2 (CCL24) induce recruitment of eosinophils,basophils, neutrophils, and macrophages as well as features of early-and late-phase allergic reactions following cutaneous injection in human atopic and nonatopic volunteers. J Immunol,2002,169(5):2712-2718.
[14]Holla LI. Clin Exp Allergy,2003,33:1023-1025
[15]Verhaeghe B et al.Allergy,2002,57(9):825-830
[16]张慧兰.白介素18与支气管哮喘.国外医学呼吸系统分册,2000,20(3)：113-115
[17]杨上善.黄帝内经太素.肖延平校正.北京：人民卫生出版社,1965
[18]《医部全录》.北京二人民卫生出版社出版：1959
[19]Kruse S,Kuehr J,Moseler M,et al. Polymorphisms in the IL-18 gene are associated with specific sensitization to common allergens and allergic rhinitis.J Allergy Clin Immunol.2003,111:117-122
[20]张华,韩德民.嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子eotaxin及其CCR3与呼吸道变应性炎症[J].新疆医科大学学报,2006,29(5)：467-468
[21]曾东良,姜焕好,郭燕梅,等.宝安地区过敏原疾病患者血清总IgE及特异性IgE结果分析[J].检验医学与临床,2007,4(10)：971-972
[22]曲志春,丁晓燕,赵云学,等.变态反应性疾病患者血清总IgE及特异性IgE检测结果分析[J].中国临床研究,2010,23(5)：405-407
[23]王红梅,姚小曼.黄芪的免疫调节作用研究进展[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2000,12(3)：37-39
[24]耿长山.黄芪多糖对去T细胞小鼠促进抗体产生机理探讨[J].中国药理通讯,1985,2(2)：14
[25]陈玉春.补益中药调控IL-2产生及其作用的实验研究.福建中医学院学报,1993,3(4)：218-220
[26]N.Shimizu,et al.Chem Pharm Bull,1989,37:1329
[27]N.Shimizu,et al.Chem Pharm Bull,1989,37:3054
[28]唐荣江.中药通报,88,13(6)：45
[29]张述禹.中草药,1987,18(9)：1
[30]阴健.中药现代研究与临床应用(1),北京：学院出版社,1994,329
[31]周勇.北京中医药大学学报,1996,19(4)：25
[32]王文魁,辛夷油抗炎机理探讨[J].山西农业大学学报,2000,4(3)：24-26
[33]戴岳,毕培曦,陈耀邦.苍耳子对速发型过敏反应的抑制作用.中国野生植物资源,2002,21(6)：61
[34]伍海鹏,刘红雄,兰乐霞.鹅不食草的临床及实验研究进展[J].中国民间疗法,2007,15(4)：62-63
[35]余洪猛,文三立,刘志刚,等.鹅不食草治疗过敏性鼻炎的实验研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2001,9(5)：220-224
[36]刘志刚,余洪猛,文三立,等.鹅不食草挥发油治疗过敏性鼻炎作用机理的研究[J].中国中药杂志,2005,30(4)：292-294
[37]白桦,包狄,刘法.蒙药阿如拉对S180荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长及血清IL-2、IL-6的影响.中国民族医药杂志,2001,7(1)：36-37
[38]Shin TY,Jeong H J Ki m DK,et al.Inhibitory action of water soluble fracti on of Terminalia chebula on systemic and local anaphylaxis.Ethnopharmacol,2001, 74(2):133-140
[39]李松,闵阳,刘泉海.桑白皮醇提取物对白三烯拮抗活性的研究(1)(2)[J].沈阳药科大学学报,2004,21(2)：130-132,137-140
[40]Kim HM,Ham SB,Lee CW,et al.Immnunomodulating activity of a polysaccharide isolated from Mori Cortex Radicis[J].Arch Pharm Res,2000,23(3):240
[41]黄金城.蝉蜕制备盐酸氨基酸葡萄糖的研究.天然产物研究与开发,1993,5(3)：28
[42]杨其草.蝉蜕的甲壳质和壳聚糖的研究.中国中药杂志,1994,19(6)：360
[43]马世平.蝉蜕的免疫抑制和过敏作用.中国中药杂志,1989,14(8)：42
[44]孟海琴,宁秀英,郭惠甫.露蜂房的抗炎作用[J].中草药,1983,14(9)：21-24
[45]余茂耘,韦传宝.蝎毒的生理活性成分及临床应用[J].中国临床康复,2004,8(9)：1754-1755
[46]吴英良,刘崇铭,等.全蝎与蝎身煎剂对小鼠免疫功能的影响.时珍国药研究,1995,6(2)：13-14
[47]史勇.中国免疫学杂志,1986,2(5)：295
[48]张厥容译.国外医学(中医中药分册).1978,(11)：19
[49]乔海灵等.中国药理学与临床,1990,6(11)：27
[50]张罗修等.中药药理与临床,1987,3(增刊号)：116
[51]张宝恒.药学通报,1979,(5)：244
[1]PawankarR Allergic rhinitis and asthma:the link,the new ARLA classification and global approaches to treatment [J],Curr Opin Allergy Clin immunol 2004,4(1):1-4
[2]Bousquet J, DahlR, KH altaevN, Global alliance gainst chronic respintory diseases Aller, 2007,62:216-223
[3]韩德民.2002耳鼻喉-头颈外科学新进展[M],北京：人民卫生出版社,2002：239
[4]变应性鼻炎的中医治疗进展田翠玲唐嗣泉(审校2007年10月第45卷第17期中国现代医生
[5]杨上善.黄帝内经太素.肖延平校正.北京：人民卫生出版社.1965
[6]《医部全录》.北京二人民卫生出版社出版：1959
[7]李寿今.干祖望治疗过敏性鼻炎的经验[J].湖北中医杂志,1981(3)：27-28
[8]阮岩,陈蔚.王德鉴教授治疗鼻鼽经验介绍[J].新中医,2006,38(3)：12-13
[9]李淑良.从肾虚论治变应性鼻炎[J].江苏中医药,2007,39(2)：4
[10]鹿道温,王明辉,赵畔波,等.变应性鼻炎的中医辨证分型与变态反应指标的相关研究[J].中国中西医结合耳鼻咽喉科杂志,1996,4(3)：112
[11]郑彦,李明珍,等.中西医结合治疗变应性鼻炎308例的体会[J].中国中西医结合耳鼻咽喉科杂志,2000,8(3)：139
[12]鄂永安.小青龙汤合卡介苗多糖核酸治疗变应性鼻炎80例[J].陕西中医,2003,24(12)：1093
[13]于丽,宋修江,赵淑华.玉屏风散合苍耳子散加减治疗变应性鼻炎60例疗效.中国中西医结合耳鼻咽喉科杂志2002.10(5)：240
[14]王永钦.中医耳鼻咽喉口腔科学[M].北京：人民卫生出版社,2002,10：493-504
[15]柴向斌.血瘀证与常年性变应性鼻炎关系初探[J].中医药研究,2001,17(4)：24-25
[16]吴成山.过敏性鼻炎从痰饮论治[J].陕西中医,1996,17(12)：544
[17]潘凤军.小青龙汤加味治疗过敏性鼻炎30例[J].包头医学,1999,23(2)：77
[18]李鹏.鼻敏宁治疗过敏性鼻炎120例临床观察.新中医,1998,,30(1)：12-13
[19]潘迎萍.固本通窍治疗过敏性鼻炎的体会[J].河北中西医结合杂志,1996,5(2)：89
[20]孙晓峰.牵正散加味治疗过敏性鼻炎体会[J].实用中医药杂志,2001,17(1)：38.
[21]张乐.玉屏风散合苍耳子散治疗过敏性鼻炎[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1982(10)：21
[22]林霞.中西医结合治疗常年性变应性鼻炎[J].中国中西医结合耳鼻咽喉科杂志,2003,11(2)：73-74
[23]马莉,张颖.温肺止流丸治疗常年性变应性鼻炎的临床观察[J].中医药学报,2008,36(1)：57-58
[24]王宗英,王宗林.中西医结合治疗常年性变应性鼻炎42例[J].四川中医,2005,23(11)：89-90
[25]李漫,白桦,李淑良.益气固表中药治疗变应性鼻炎的疗效观察[J].中国中西医结合耳鼻喉科杂志,2007,15(12)：6
[26]吴洪俊.补中益气汤加减治疗变应性鼻炎64例.辽宁中医杂志,2004,31(2)：131
[27]张鹏,胡小燕,滕华等.补气抗敏汤治疗过敏性鼻炎30例[J].河南中医,2008,28(4)：4
[28]王海涛,马秀芳,牟爱芹,等.鼻敏合剂治疗常年性变应性鼻炎的临床疗效观察[J].滨州医学院学报,2000,23(2)：111
[29]郑斌.桂枝脱敏汤治疗过敏性鼻炎100例[J].新中医,2002,34(10)：49-50
[30]王文辉,来长荣.玉屏风散加味治疗变态反应性鼻炎45例[J].陕西中医,2008,29(5)：571-572
[31]李淑良.从肾虚论治变应性鼻炎[J].江苏中医药,2007,39(2)：28-29
[32]潘迎萍.固本通窍治疗过敏性鼻炎的体会[J].河北中西医结合杂志,1996,5(2)：89
[33]潘凤军.小青龙汤加味治疗过敏性鼻炎30例[J].包头医学,1999,23(2)：77
[34]吴朝晖.蔡氏抗敏鼻炎方治疗过敏性鼻炎35例[J].安徽中医临床杂志,2003,15(6)：469
[35]朱春晖.“温阳益气汤”治疗变应性鼻炎20例临床观察[J].江苏中医药,2004,25(2)：28
[36]何天有,李惠琴,赵耀东,等.透刺为主治疗过敏性鼻炎60例[J].中国针灸,2006,26(2)：110-112
[37]王广丽,张颖.指压穴位治疗过敏性鼻炎[J].中国校医,2005,19(3)：250
[38]陈振虎,江钢辉,王培源.针刺结合艾灸治疗过敏性鼻炎42例[J].四川中医,2005,23(9)：102-103
[39]陈舒华.针刺对变应性鼻炎患者血浆内皮素及鼻粘膜微血管的影响[J].中国中西医结合耳鼻咽喉科杂志,2000,8(5)：222
[40]聂发华,李梅,廉岩.针灸治疗过敏性鼻炎52例.新疆中医药,2004,22(3)：29
[41]刘芳.透穴针法治疗过敏性异炎89例.中国针灸,2000,20(4)：253
[42]杨桂荣.艾灸为主治疗过敏性鼻炎135例[J].中国针灸,1995,15(4)：55
[43]黄建军.针刺治疗变应性鼻炎的疗效观察[J].针灸临床杂志,2001,17(8)：1-2
[44]陈丽仪.三伏天穴位贴敷治疗过敏性鼻炎连续3年疗效观察[J].针灸临床杂志,1999,15(8)： 7
[45]徐文康.穴位封闭治疗变应性鼻炎的疗效观察[J].中国中西医结合耳鼻喉科杂志,2003,11(3)：137
[46]沈锦泉.穴位埋线治疗过敏性鼻炎临床心得[J].上海针灸杂志,2003,22(2)：45
[47]刘东,许向东,耿红英,等.穴位注射治疗过敏性鼻炎50例[J].吉林中医药, 2003,23(8)：36
[48]金明.穴位注射治疗过敏性鼻炎、过敏性哮喘112例疗效观察[J].针灸临床杂志,2004,20(1)：42
[49]徐志荣,徐志安,彭冬梅,等.穴位注射治疗过敏性鼻炎46例[J].江苏中医药,2007,39(6)：48
[50]贺君,唐庆芬.穴位注射治疗慢性单纯性鼻炎50例[J].上海针灸杂志,2005,24(3)：20
[51]乔建军.推拿治疗过敏性鼻炎27例[J].山东中医杂志,1989,8(5)：26
[52]王吉俊,乔建君,潘德军,等.按揉法治疗常年性变应性鼻炎临床观察[J].山东中医杂志,2004,23(5)：284-286
[53]刘传珍,周丽华.中药超声雾化吸入治疗小儿过敏性鼻炎140例[J].浙江中西医结合杂志2004,14(7)：439-440
[54]高庆芹.熏洗治疗过敏性鼻炎验方2则[J].山西中医,2005,21(1)：56
[55]胡桂明,闫飚,王子刚,等.中药熏鼻治疗过敏性鼻炎38例[J].职业与健康,2000,6(1)：72
[56]魏辉,张荣汉,司兆学,等.鼻泰滴治疗变应性鼻炎的实验研究[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,1997,(1)：21
[57]徐常本,马玉起,李爱华,等.苍辛芷滴鼻剂的制备与临床疗效观察[J].中药材,1996,19(5)：263
[58]麻美丽.鼻特舒治疗鼻炎123例疗效观察[J].右江医学,1999,27(6)：353
[59]马亚莉,刘明莉,赵岩.鼻舒滴鼻液治疗过敏性鼻炎的临床研究[J].滨州医学院学报,2005,28(5)：382-383
[60]沈久成,海彦.下鼻甲注射黄芪注射液治疗常年性变应性鼻炎疗效观察[J].中国误诊医学杂志,2004,4(9)：1475-1476
[2]林学颜,张玲.现代细胞与分子免疫学.北京：科学出版社,1999.191
[3]陈军,房江滨,宋学章,等.血清IL-4、IFN-γ与持续性变应性鼻炎的相关性.中国中西医结合耳鼻咽喉杂志,2006,14(12)：215-216
[4]顾之燕.呼吸道炎症反应[J].中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志,2001,36(5)：397-399
[5]Fujisawa T, Kato Y, Nagase H, et al. Chemokines induce eosinophil degranulation through CCR-3. J Allergy Clin Immunol,2000,106 (3):507-513
[6]章如新,江德胜,周水森,等.P物质能神经阻滞剂治疗变应性鼻炎的实验研究.中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志,1994,29(5)：282-285
[7]于洪伟,董震,杨占泉.芦荟治疗大鼠实验性变应性鼻炎的分子生物学研究.临床耳鼻咽喉科杂志,2002,16(5)：229-231
[8]陈奇.中药药理实验方法,第一版,北京：人民卫生出版社,1994,207
[9]安云芳,赵长青,主庆义,等.变应性鼻炎鼻粘膜P物质受体的研究.中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志,1998,33(3)：139-142
[10]Lilly CM,Nakamura H, Belostotsky OI,et al.Eotaxin in expression after segmental allerge challenge in subject with atopic asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med,2001,163:1669-1675
[11]AJam R, Stafford S, Kamper G.J Allergy Clin Immunol,1999,103 (1Pt2):S56
[12]Zimniennann N, Conkright JJ, Rothenberg ME.J Biol Chem,1999,274:12611-12618
[13]Menzis GA, Ying S,Sabroe I, et al. Eotaxin (CCL11) and eotaxin-2 (CCL24) induce recruitment of eosinophils,basophils, neutrophils, and macrophages as well as features of early-and late-phase allergic reactions following cutaneous injection in human atopic and nonatopic volunteers. J Immunol,2002,169(5):2712-2718.
[14]Holla LI. Clin Exp Allergy,2003,33:1023-1025
[15]Verhaeghe B et al.Allergy,2002,57(9):825-830
[16]张慧兰.白介素18与支气管哮喘.国外医学呼吸系统分册,2000,20(3)：113-115
[17]杨上善.黄帝内经太素.肖延平校正.北京：人民卫生出版社,1965
[18]《医部全录》.北京二人民卫生出版社出版：1959
[19]Kruse S,Kuehr J,Moseler M,et al. Polymorphisms in the IL-18 gene are associated with specific sensitization to common allergens and allergic rhinitis.J Allergy Clin Immunol.2003,111:117-122
[20]张华,韩德民.嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子eotaxin及其CCR3与呼吸道变应性炎症[J].新疆医科大学学报,2006,29(5)：467-468
[21]曾东良,姜焕好,郭燕梅,等.宝安地区过敏原疾病患者血清总IgE及特异性IgE结果分析[J].检验医学与临床,2007,4(10)：971-972
[22]曲志春,丁晓燕,赵云学,等.变态反应性疾病患者血清总IgE及特异性IgE检测结果分析[J].中国临床研究,2010,23(5)：405-407
[23]王红梅,姚小曼.黄芪的免疫调节作用研究进展[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2000,12(3)：37-39
[24]耿长山.黄芪多糖对去T细胞小鼠促进抗体产生机理探讨[J].中国药理通讯,1985,2(2)：14
[25]陈玉春.补益中药调控IL-2产生及其作用的实验研究.福建中医学院学报,1993,3(4)：218-220
[26]N.Shimizu,et al.Chem Pharm Bull,1989,37:1329
[27]N.Shimizu,et al.Chem Pharm Bull,1989,37:3054
[28]唐荣江.中药通报,88,13(6)：45
[29]张述禹.中草药,1987,18(9)：1
[30]阴健.中药现代研究与临床应用(1),北京：学院出版社,1994,329
[31]周勇.北京中医药大学学报,1996,19(4)：25
[32]王文魁,辛夷油抗炎机理探讨[J].山西农业大学学报,2000,4(3)：24-26
[33]戴岳,毕培曦,陈耀邦.苍耳子对速发型过敏反应的抑制作用.中国野生植物资源,2002,21(6)：61
[34]伍海鹏,刘红雄,兰乐霞.鹅不食草的临床及实验研究进展[J].中国民间疗法,2007,15(4)：62-63
[35]余洪猛,文三立,刘志刚,等.鹅不食草治疗过敏性鼻炎的实验研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2001,9(5)：220-224
[36]刘志刚,余洪猛,文三立,等.鹅不食草挥发油治疗过敏性鼻炎作用机理的研究[J].中国中药杂志,2005,30(4)：292-294
[37]白桦,包狄,刘法.蒙药阿如拉对S180荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长及血清IL-2、IL-6的影响.中国民族医药杂志,2001,7(1)：36-37
[38]Shin TY,Jeong H J Ki m DK,et al.Inhibitory action of water soluble fracti on of Terminalia chebula on systemic and local anaphylaxis.Ethnopharmacol,2001, 74(2):133-140
[39]李松,闵阳,刘泉海.桑白皮醇提取物对白三烯拮抗活性的研究(1)(2)[J].沈阳药科大学学报,2004,21(2)：130-132,137-140
[40]Kim HM,Ham SB,Lee CW,et al.Immnunomodulating activity of a polysaccharide isolated from Mori Cortex Radicis[J].Arch Pharm Res,2000,23(3):240
[41]黄金城.蝉蜕制备盐酸氨基酸葡萄糖的研究.天然产物研究与开发,1993,5(3)：28
[42]杨其草.蝉蜕的甲壳质和壳聚糖的研究.中国中药杂志,1994,19(6)：360
[43]马世平.蝉蜕的免疫抑制和过敏作用.中国中药杂志,1989,14(8)：42
[44]孟海琴,宁秀英,郭惠甫.露蜂房的抗炎作用[J].中草药,1983,14(9)：21-24
[45]余茂耘,韦传宝.蝎毒的生理活性成分及临床应用[J].中国临床康复,2004,8(9)：1754-1755
[46]吴英良,刘崇铭,等.全蝎与蝎身煎剂对小鼠免疫功能的影响.时珍国药研究,1995,6(2)：13-14
[47]史勇.中国免疫学杂志,1986,2(5)：295
[48]张厥容译.国外医学(中医中药分册).1978,(11)：19
[49]乔海灵等.中国药理学与临床,1990,6(11)：27
[50]张罗修等.中药药理与临床,1987,3(增刊号)：116
[51]张宝恒.药学通报,1979,(5)：244
[1]PawankarR Allergic rhinitis and asthma:the link,the new ARLA classification and global approaches to treatment [J],Curr Opin Allergy Clin immunol 2004,4(1):1-4
[2]Bousquet J, DahlR, KH altaevN, Global alliance gainst chronic respintory diseases Aller, 2007,62:216-223
[3]韩德民.2002耳鼻喉-头颈外科学新进展[M],北京：人民卫生出版社,2002：239
[4]变应性鼻炎的中医治疗进展田翠玲唐嗣泉(审校2007年10月第45卷第17期中国现代医生
[5]杨上善.黄帝内经太素.肖延平校正.北京：人民卫生出版社.1965
[6]《医部全录》.北京二人民卫生出版社出版：1959
[7]李寿今.干祖望治疗过敏性鼻炎的经验[J].湖北中医杂志,1981(3)：27-28
[8]阮岩,陈蔚.王德鉴教授治疗鼻鼽经验介绍[J].新中医,2006,38(3)：12-13
[9]李淑良.从肾虚论治变应性鼻炎[J].江苏中医药,2007,39(2)：4
[10]鹿道温,王明辉,赵畔波,等.变应性鼻炎的中医辨证分型与变态反应指标的相关研究[J].中国中西医结合耳鼻咽喉科杂志,1996,4(3)：112
[11]郑彦,李明珍,等.中西医结合治疗变应性鼻炎308例的体会[J].中国中西医结合耳鼻咽喉科杂志,2000,8(3)：139
[12]鄂永安.小青龙汤合卡介苗多糖核酸治疗变应性鼻炎80例[J].陕西中医,2003,24(12)：1093
[13]于丽,宋修江,赵淑华.玉屏风散合苍耳子散加减治疗变应性鼻炎60例疗效.中国中西医结合耳鼻咽喉科杂志2002.10(5)：240
[14]王永钦.中医耳鼻咽喉口腔科学[M].北京：人民卫生出版社,2002,10：493-504
[15]柴向斌.血瘀证与常年性变应性鼻炎关系初探[J].中医药研究,2001,17(4)：24-25
[16]吴成山.过敏性鼻炎从痰饮论治[J].陕西中医,1996,17(12)：544
[17]潘凤军.小青龙汤加味治疗过敏性鼻炎30例[J].包头医学,1999,23(2)：77
[18]李鹏.鼻敏宁治疗过敏性鼻炎120例临床观察.新中医,1998,,30(1)：12-13
[19]潘迎萍.固本通窍治疗过敏性鼻炎的体会[J].河北中西医结合杂志,1996,5(2)：89
[20]孙晓峰.牵正散加味治疗过敏性鼻炎体会[J].实用中医药杂志,2001,17(1)：38.
[21]张乐.玉屏风散合苍耳子散治疗过敏性鼻炎[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1982(10)：21
[22]林霞.中西医结合治疗常年性变应性鼻炎[J].中国中西医结合耳鼻咽喉科杂志,2003,11(2)：73-74
[23]马莉,张颖.温肺止流丸治疗常年性变应性鼻炎的临床观察[J].中医药学报,2008,36(1)：57-58
[24]王宗英,王宗林.中西医结合治疗常年性变应性鼻炎42例[J].四川中医,2005,23(11)：89-90
[25]李漫,白桦,李淑良.益气固表中药治疗变应性鼻炎的疗效观察[J].中国中西医结合耳鼻喉科杂志,2007,15(12)：6
[26]吴洪俊.补中益气汤加减治疗变应性鼻炎64例.辽宁中医杂志,2004,31(2)：131
[27]张鹏,胡小燕,滕华等.补气抗敏汤治疗过敏性鼻炎30例[J].河南中医,2008,28(4)：4
[28]王海涛,马秀芳,牟爱芹,等.鼻敏合剂治疗常年性变应性鼻炎的临床疗效观察[J].滨州医学院学报,2000,23(2)：111
[29]郑斌.桂枝脱敏汤治疗过敏性鼻炎100例[J].新中医,2002,34(10)：49-50
[30]王文辉,来长荣.玉屏风散加味治疗变态反应性鼻炎45例[J].陕西中医,2008,29(5)：571-572
[31]李淑良.从肾虚论治变应性鼻炎[J].江苏中医药,2007,39(2)：28-29
[32]潘迎萍.固本通窍治疗过敏性鼻炎的体会[J].河北中西医结合杂志,1996,5(2)：89
[33]潘凤军.小青龙汤加味治疗过敏性鼻炎30例[J].包头医学,1999,23(2)：77
[34]吴朝晖.蔡氏抗敏鼻炎方治疗过敏性鼻炎35例[J].安徽中医临床杂志,2003,15(6)：469
[35]朱春晖.“温阳益气汤”治疗变应性鼻炎20例临床观察[J].江苏中医药,2004,25(2)：28
[36]何天有,李惠琴,赵耀东,等.透刺为主治疗过敏性鼻炎60例[J].中国针灸,2006,26(2)：110-112
[37]王广丽,张颖.指压穴位治疗过敏性鼻炎[J].中国校医,2005,19(3)：250
[38]陈振虎,江钢辉,王培源.针刺结合艾灸治疗过敏性鼻炎42例[J].四川中医,2005,23(9)：102-103
[39]陈舒华.针刺对变应性鼻炎患者血浆内皮素及鼻粘膜微血管的影响[J].中国中西医结合耳鼻咽喉科杂志,2000,8(5)：222
[40]聂发华,李梅,廉岩.针灸治疗过敏性鼻炎52例.新疆中医药,2004,22(3)：29
[41]刘芳.透穴针法治疗过敏性异炎89例.中国针灸,2000,20(4)：253
[42]杨桂荣.艾灸为主治疗过敏性鼻炎135例[J].中国针灸,1995,15(4)：55
[43]黄建军.针刺治疗变应性鼻炎的疗效观察[J].针灸临床杂志,2001,17(8)：1-2
[44]陈丽仪.三伏天穴位贴敷治疗过敏性鼻炎连续3年疗效观察[J].针灸临床杂志,1999,15(8)： 7
[45]徐文康.穴位封闭治疗变应性鼻炎的疗效观察[J].中国中西医结合耳鼻喉科杂志,2003,11(3)：137
[46]沈锦泉.穴位埋线治疗过敏性鼻炎临床心得[J].上海针灸杂志,2003,22(2)：45
[47]刘东,许向东,耿红英,等.穴位注射治疗过敏性鼻炎50例[J].吉林中医药, 2003,23(8)：36
[48]金明.穴位注射治疗过敏性鼻炎、过敏性哮喘112例疗效观察[J].针灸临床杂志,2004,20(1)：42
[49]徐志荣,徐志安,彭冬梅,等.穴位注射治疗过敏性鼻炎46例[J].江苏中医药,2007,39(6)：48
[50]贺君,唐庆芬.穴位注射治疗慢性单纯性鼻炎50例[J].上海针灸杂志,2005,24(3)：20
[51]乔建军.推拿治疗过敏性鼻炎27例[J].山东中医杂志,1989,8(5)：26
[52]王吉俊,乔建君,潘德军,等.按揉法治疗常年性变应性鼻炎临床观察[J].山东中医杂志,2004,23(5)：284-286
[53]刘传珍,周丽华.中药超声雾化吸入治疗小儿过敏性鼻炎140例[J].浙江中西医结合杂志2004,14(7)：439-440
[54]高庆芹.熏洗治疗过敏性鼻炎验方2则[J].山西中医,2005,21(1)：56
[55]胡桂明,闫飚,王子刚,等.中药熏鼻治疗过敏性鼻炎38例[J].职业与健康,2000,6(1)：72
[56]魏辉,张荣汉,司兆学,等.鼻泰滴治疗变应性鼻炎的实验研究[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,1997,(1)：21
[57]徐常本,马玉起,李爱华,等.苍辛芷滴鼻剂的制备与临床疗效观察[J].中药材,1996,19(5)：263
[58]麻美丽.鼻特舒治疗鼻炎123例疗效观察[J].右江医学,1999,27(6)：353
[59]马亚莉,刘明莉,赵岩.鼻舒滴鼻液治疗过敏性鼻炎的临床研究[J].滨州医学院学报,2005,28(5)：382-383
[60]沈久成,海彦.下鼻甲注射黄芪注射液治疗常年性变应性鼻炎疗效观察[J].中国误诊医学杂志,2004,4(9)：1475-1476