基于Web的学生自主学习及测试系统
摘要
西昌学院是新建的本科院校,在教学质量管理中学生的自学及自评系统建设是其中较重要的一项工作。随着教育教学改革的进行,课堂教学学时减少,在高校中提倡自主学习,已成为高校教育教学的发展趋势。针对西昌学院的教学实际及学生的特点,进行学生自主学习测评系统的建设犹显重要及紧迫。
基于Web的学生自主学习及测评系统基于校园网网络平台,结合学校的课程教学进度及要求,按照技术的先进性和稳定性原则,采用先进的开发模式和开发平台设计并实现系统功能。在开发模式上,采用智能客户端技术,使用客户端应用程序既拥有丰富的用户界面,又能够方便快捷地实现部署和更新。
本文主要论述了一个基于Web学生自主学习测评系统的设计与实现过程。文章首先介绍了该系统的开发背景,目的及意义。通过分析系统的开发需求提出了本课题的研究思路和方法,并给出了系统的功能和总体用例图。在设计阶段,给出了自学及测评系统的架构设计和详细设计,并用E-R图和数据库设计描述了系统的静态结构,用算法流程图描述了系统的动态过程。最后,详细介绍了交流区功能模块、自学区功能模块、特别是自测区功能模块的实现。
本系统采用三层体系结构(B/S/S)。本系统数据库采用的是SQL Server。本系统脚本编写语言采用的是ASP.NET。本系统在实现过程中的核心问题是:能够按一定测试标准,自动生成试卷。组卷是一个复杂的组合优化问题。自动组卷的效率和质量关键取决于组卷算法的设计,传统的组卷方法有随机选取法和回溯试探法。本系统采用的遗传算法具有全局寻优和智能搜索的特点。利用遗传算法可以很好地满足自动组卷的要求。
基于Web的学生自主学习及测评系统能够实现系统管理、题库管理、试卷管理、在线考试、学习资料管理、交流区管理等功能。系统按课程分类建立试题库及学习资料库,学生可以选择不同课程进行在线学习,交流;还可以选择不同试题难度进行在线测试,自动评分。
经过初步测试运行,该系统具有适用性、安全性、高效性、可扩展性。基本实现预定的功能。
XiChang College is a newly-established college of undergraduate education, in the management of teaching quality, one of the major works is student’s self-study and the establishment of self-evaluating system. With the development of education and teaching reforms in colleges and universities, a general tendency has formed to reduce class hours and advocate self-study among students. Aimed at our college’s teaching conditions and the students’characteristics, it proves to be especially important and pressing to build students’self-study and testing system.
Combining the teaching process and demands of college’s curriculum, according to the principles of technological advance and stability, by the means of advanced developing patterns and developing platforms, students’self-study and testing system based on Web is built on the campus network platform to design and achieve the system’s function. As far as the developing pattern is concerned, the technology of intelligent client is used, the use of the client’s applied programs can not only provide plenty of user interface, but also can achieve the deployment and renewal fast and conveniently.
In this paper, the author mainly discusses the design of students’self-study and testing system based on Web and its realization. At first, the developing background of this system is introduced, then its purpose as well as its significance. The research ideas and methods to this subject have been put forward through an analysis of the system’s developing demands, meanwhile, the function of the system and the overall UCD have been shown. At the designing stage, the design of the system’s framework and its details has been shown; the E-R diagram and the DBMS design are used to illustrate the system’s static structure, the arithmetic flowchart to describe its dynamic process. At last, the author introduces in details the realization of three function modules: communication area, self-study area, especially self-test area.
The B/S/S is employed in the system. SQL Sever is used as the DBMS of the system, ASP.NET used as the script composing language of the system. The key problem in the realization of this system is to generate test paper automatically according to certain testing standards. Generating test paper is a complicated question in which combination and optimization are involved. The efficiency and quality of automatically generating test paper is decided by the design of its algorithm. Random choice method and backtracking heuristics are the two traditional ways of generating test paper. Genetic algorithm used in the system can do global optimization and intelligent search. The use of it can satisfy the demands of generating test paper quite well.
Students’self-study and testing system based on Web can achieve the following functions, such as system management, test library management, testing paper management, on-line test, the management of studying materials and communication area. Test library and leaning Database are established in the system according to the classification of curriculum, students can choose different courses to study and communicate on line, they can also choose test question of different levels to have on-line testing and automatic scoring.
After preliminary testing and operating, this system has applicability, security, high-effectiveness, scalability, which basically bring about the expected functions.
基于Web的学生自主学习及测评系统基于校园网网络平台,结合学校的课程教学进度及要求,按照技术的先进性和稳定性原则,采用先进的开发模式和开发平台设计并实现系统功能。在开发模式上,采用智能客户端技术,使用客户端应用程序既拥有丰富的用户界面,又能够方便快捷地实现部署和更新。
本文主要论述了一个基于Web学生自主学习测评系统的设计与实现过程。文章首先介绍了该系统的开发背景,目的及意义。通过分析系统的开发需求提出了本课题的研究思路和方法,并给出了系统的功能和总体用例图。在设计阶段,给出了自学及测评系统的架构设计和详细设计,并用E-R图和数据库设计描述了系统的静态结构,用算法流程图描述了系统的动态过程。最后,详细介绍了交流区功能模块、自学区功能模块、特别是自测区功能模块的实现。
本系统采用三层体系结构(B/S/S)。本系统数据库采用的是SQL Server。本系统脚本编写语言采用的是ASP.NET。本系统在实现过程中的核心问题是:能够按一定测试标准,自动生成试卷。组卷是一个复杂的组合优化问题。自动组卷的效率和质量关键取决于组卷算法的设计,传统的组卷方法有随机选取法和回溯试探法。本系统采用的遗传算法具有全局寻优和智能搜索的特点。利用遗传算法可以很好地满足自动组卷的要求。
基于Web的学生自主学习及测评系统能够实现系统管理、题库管理、试卷管理、在线考试、学习资料管理、交流区管理等功能。系统按课程分类建立试题库及学习资料库,学生可以选择不同课程进行在线学习,交流;还可以选择不同试题难度进行在线测试,自动评分。
经过初步测试运行,该系统具有适用性、安全性、高效性、可扩展性。基本实现预定的功能。
XiChang College is a newly-established college of undergraduate education, in the management of teaching quality, one of the major works is student’s self-study and the establishment of self-evaluating system. With the development of education and teaching reforms in colleges and universities, a general tendency has formed to reduce class hours and advocate self-study among students. Aimed at our college’s teaching conditions and the students’characteristics, it proves to be especially important and pressing to build students’self-study and testing system.
Combining the teaching process and demands of college’s curriculum, according to the principles of technological advance and stability, by the means of advanced developing patterns and developing platforms, students’self-study and testing system based on Web is built on the campus network platform to design and achieve the system’s function. As far as the developing pattern is concerned, the technology of intelligent client is used, the use of the client’s applied programs can not only provide plenty of user interface, but also can achieve the deployment and renewal fast and conveniently.
In this paper, the author mainly discusses the design of students’self-study and testing system based on Web and its realization. At first, the developing background of this system is introduced, then its purpose as well as its significance. The research ideas and methods to this subject have been put forward through an analysis of the system’s developing demands, meanwhile, the function of the system and the overall UCD have been shown. At the designing stage, the design of the system’s framework and its details has been shown; the E-R diagram and the DBMS design are used to illustrate the system’s static structure, the arithmetic flowchart to describe its dynamic process. At last, the author introduces in details the realization of three function modules: communication area, self-study area, especially self-test area.
The B/S/S is employed in the system. SQL Sever is used as the DBMS of the system, ASP.NET used as the script composing language of the system. The key problem in the realization of this system is to generate test paper automatically according to certain testing standards. Generating test paper is a complicated question in which combination and optimization are involved. The efficiency and quality of automatically generating test paper is decided by the design of its algorithm. Random choice method and backtracking heuristics are the two traditional ways of generating test paper. Genetic algorithm used in the system can do global optimization and intelligent search. The use of it can satisfy the demands of generating test paper quite well.
Students’self-study and testing system based on Web can achieve the following functions, such as system management, test library management, testing paper management, on-line test, the management of studying materials and communication area. Test library and leaning Database are established in the system according to the classification of curriculum, students can choose different courses to study and communicate on line, they can also choose test question of different levels to have on-line testing and automatic scoring.
After preliminary testing and operating, this system has applicability, security, high-effectiveness, scalability, which basically bring about the expected functions.
引文
[1]余建潮,张瑞林.基于Web的自主学习网络平台分析.现代电子技术,2007,6(2):10-11
[2]张友军.基于WEB的自主学习支持体系的设计与开发.四川师范大学学位论文,2007
[3]王同明,李文俊.基于网络的自主学习环境的设计.河南广播电视大学学报, 2008,2(18-20)
[4]张娜.基于网络的大学生自主学习环境的建构研究.南京航空航天大学学位论文,2008
[5]丁新,任为民.现代远程教育试点的分析与思考.中国远程教育学报,2000,8(9):14-16
[6]许月梅,牛健.网络教学能为远程学习带来什么?.中国远程教育学报,2002,5(4):11-13
[7]奥鹏教育.中国远程教育现状与发展趋势http://zhishu.open.com.cn/zhishu/xian/xue zxxw/weinfo/2009/01/123106
[8]王红.动态Web数据库技术(基于JSP和XML技术实现).中国水利水电出版社,2007:30-34
[9]吴萍,薄鹏.基于B/S结构网上考试平台的设计与应有.微型电脑应用2003,19(6):36-38
[10]王利.数据库基础与应用.中央广播电视大学出版社,1997:13-15
[11]李春葆,曾慧.SQL Server2000应用系统开发教程[M].清华出版社,2005:15-17
[12]罗运模.SQL Sever数据库系统基础.高等教育出版社,2007:20-23
[13]刘洪涛.ASP程序设计全程指南.电了工业出版社,2007:9-11
[14]陈惠贞,杨军.ASP.NET程序设计[M],中国铁道出版社,2003:10-12
[15]石志国,刘冬梅,陈上.ASP.NET应用教程.交通大学出版社,2001:9-12
[16][美]Rebecca M.Riordan.ADD.NET.程序设计.清华大学出版社2003:10-14
[17]昌吉学院计算机考试系统的设计与实现.大连理工大学学位论文,2007
[18]沈玮.一种具有自适应性的自主练习系统的设计与实现.苏州大学学位论文,2007
[19]何春华.基于遗传算法的自动组卷系统的设计与实现.(D)华中科技大学学位论文,2006
[20]关忠仁,詹艳军.随机算法分段实现在自动化组卷中的应用.计算机科学2006专刊
[21]李明.山东中医药大学题库考试系统的设计与实现.山东大学学位论文,2008
[22]Mitchell M,Forrest S.Genetic Algorithms and Artificial Life. Artificial Life,1994:267-289
[23]Russell P J Genetics:addisionwesley,1998
[24]刘家文.基于遗传算法的自动考试系统的设计.华南理工大学学位论文,2008
[25]蔡自兴,徐光佑.人工智能及其应用.清华大学出版社,129-131
[26]陈平,褚华.软件设计师教程.清华大学出版社,2004:88-90
[27]赵杰,李涛.数据库原理与应用(SQL SERVER ).人民邮电出版社,2004:34-37
[28]佚名.http://www.tzwhx.com/newOperate/html/3/31/311/16467.html .2009
[29]张敏强.教育测量学.[M]人民教育出版社,2002:90-95;
[30]金娣,王刚.教育评价与测量[M].教育科学出版社,2002:100-103
[31]忠平工作室.http://xzc.2000y.net/mb/2/ReadNews.asp?NewsID=626853.2007
[32]陈峰.基于遗传算法的智能组卷研究与应用.北方工业大学学位论文.2007
[33]许家台,曾翎.软件工程---理论与实践.高等教育出版社2004:176-199
[2]张友军.基于WEB的自主学习支持体系的设计与开发.四川师范大学学位论文,2007
[3]王同明,李文俊.基于网络的自主学习环境的设计.河南广播电视大学学报, 2008,2(18-20)
[4]张娜.基于网络的大学生自主学习环境的建构研究.南京航空航天大学学位论文,2008
[5]丁新,任为民.现代远程教育试点的分析与思考.中国远程教育学报,2000,8(9):14-16
[6]许月梅,牛健.网络教学能为远程学习带来什么?.中国远程教育学报,2002,5(4):11-13
[7]奥鹏教育.中国远程教育现状与发展趋势http://zhishu.open.com.cn/zhishu/xian/xue zxxw/weinfo/2009/01/123106
[8]王红.动态Web数据库技术(基于JSP和XML技术实现).中国水利水电出版社,2007:30-34
[9]吴萍,薄鹏.基于B/S结构网上考试平台的设计与应有.微型电脑应用2003,19(6):36-38
[10]王利.数据库基础与应用.中央广播电视大学出版社,1997:13-15
[11]李春葆,曾慧.SQL Server2000应用系统开发教程[M].清华出版社,2005:15-17
[12]罗运模.SQL Sever数据库系统基础.高等教育出版社,2007:20-23
[13]刘洪涛.ASP程序设计全程指南.电了工业出版社,2007:9-11
[14]陈惠贞,杨军.ASP.NET程序设计[M],中国铁道出版社,2003:10-12
[15]石志国,刘冬梅,陈上.ASP.NET应用教程.交通大学出版社,2001:9-12
[16][美]Rebecca M.Riordan.ADD.NET.程序设计.清华大学出版社2003:10-14
[17]昌吉学院计算机考试系统的设计与实现.大连理工大学学位论文,2007
[18]沈玮.一种具有自适应性的自主练习系统的设计与实现.苏州大学学位论文,2007
[19]何春华.基于遗传算法的自动组卷系统的设计与实现.(D)华中科技大学学位论文,2006
[20]关忠仁,詹艳军.随机算法分段实现在自动化组卷中的应用.计算机科学2006专刊
[21]李明.山东中医药大学题库考试系统的设计与实现.山东大学学位论文,2008
[22]Mitchell M,Forrest S.Genetic Algorithms and Artificial Life. Artificial Life,1994:267-289
[23]Russell P J Genetics:addisionwesley,1998
[24]刘家文.基于遗传算法的自动考试系统的设计.华南理工大学学位论文,2008
[25]蔡自兴,徐光佑.人工智能及其应用.清华大学出版社,129-131
[26]陈平,褚华.软件设计师教程.清华大学出版社,2004:88-90
[27]赵杰,李涛.数据库原理与应用(SQL SERVER ).人民邮电出版社,2004:34-37
[28]佚名.http://www.tzwhx.com/newOperate/html/3/31/311/16467.html .2009
[29]张敏强.教育测量学.[M]人民教育出版社,2002:90-95;
[30]金娣,王刚.教育评价与测量[M].教育科学出版社,2002:100-103
[31]忠平工作室.http://xzc.2000y.net/mb/2/ReadNews.asp?NewsID=626853.2007
[32]陈峰.基于遗传算法的智能组卷研究与应用.北方工业大学学位论文.2007
[33]许家台,曾翎.软件工程---理论与实践.高等教育出版社2004:176-199