厌氧氨氧化处理低碳高氮废水研究
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摘要
厌氧氨氧化技术与传统的硝化反硝化生物脱氮技术相比,无需外加有机碳源作为电子供体,既可节省费用,又可防止二次污染,具有节省能耗,节省中和试剂等优点,厌氧氨氧化及其工艺技术极具研究价值和开发前景。本文以自制UASB为反应器,利用高氮模拟废水,接种厌氧消化污泥培养厌氧氨氧化菌,成功地完成了厌氧氨氧化反应器的启动;并在此基础上探索了低有机碳源条件下厌氧氨氧化反应的控制边界条件;分析研究了反应器内主要反应的发生过程。并对养猪场废水厌氧消化液进行了厌氧氨氧化脱氮处理。试验研究表明:
1、以养猪场厌氧反应污泥为种泥启动厌氧氨氧化反应器,利用高氮模拟废水在150d左右成功培养出具有较高活性的浅红色厌氧氨氧化污泥;反应器对NH_4~+-N去除率最高达95.7%,NO_2~--N去除率最高达96.2%;NH_4~+-N的容积负荷为453.2g/(m~3.d)、NO_2~--N的容积负荷为471.3g/(m~3.d)。
2、在低碳高氮模拟废水中当COD的浓度高于250mg/L时厌氧氨氧化反应受到抑制,COD浓度越高异养菌与自养菌的竞争愈趋激烈。有机碳源存在控制边界条件为:COD250mg/L、pH值8、温度38℃、水力停留时间24h。
3、分析了有机碳源条件下反应器内的主要反应过程,证明低碳源微量溶解氧条件下好氧硝化菌、厌氧氨氧化菌和异养反硝化菌能够共存。反应器内开始由于少量DO的存在,首先发生好氧硝化反应为厌氧氨氧化解毒,同时有异养反硝化反应和厌氧氨氧化反应发生以及少量氨的释放;其后是厌氧氨氧化反应占主导地位。论证了厌氧氨氧化工艺在不需特殊除氧条件下处理低碳高氮废水是可行的。
4、低碳高氮模拟废水培养成熟的厌氧氨氧化菌经过61d天的驯化可对养猪场废水厌氧消化液进行处理并达到稳定状态,但养猪场废水中有害物质的存在对厌氧氨氧化反应器活性产生较大影响:NH_4~+-N去除率为45.5%、NO_2~--N去除率为95.1%、TN去除率为62.6%。
5、SHARON-ANANMMOX联动处理养猪场废水厌氧消化液。NH_4~+-N出水维持在80mg/L左右,去除率在81.6%左右;TN去除率维持在80.0%左右,大大高于硝化/反硝化处理工艺,出水COD维持在80-100mg/L之间,去除率在90.2%左右,系统抗冲击负荷能力强,可以有效的除碳脱氮。
Compared with traditional techniques for nitrogen removal by microbial, the anaerobic ammonium oxidation technique is a kind of new style and widely promising method for ammonium removal which is free from the use of neutralization reagents,secondary pollution and saved the consumption of energy. Plenty of experiments,theoretical analysis and application research on this object had been Performed,and bought a lot of results by many investigators.This research used the Self-made UASB reactor,inoculated the anaerobic digestion of sludge to training anammox bacteria,and successfully completed the ANAMMOX reactor startting-up,and on this basis it explored the factors affecting anammox reaction of controlling under the conditions of organic carbon,analyzed the main reaction occurred in the reactor,and towards wastewater in pig farm it carried out anaerobic digestive juice nitrogen by ANAMMOX.The experiment is displayed as follows:
1.The ANAMMOX reactor was started up with anaerobic digestion sludge in pig farm and cultivated chocolate light red particle sludge with high ANAMMOX activity in about 150 days by high-nitrogen artificial wastewater.The removal rate of ammonia and nitrite achieved 95.7%,96.2%respectively.The volume loads of ammonia and nitrite were respectively 453.2 g/(m~3.d),471.3 g/(m~3.d).
2.When the COD concentration was higher than 250mg/L,the anammox reaction was inhibited in low-carbon high nitrogen Simulation wastewater.The suitable COD concentration for the ANAMMOX smooth progress was 250mg/L,the best pH value was 8,the Optimum temperature was 38℃,the best HRT was 24h.
3.It analyzed main reaction process in reactor which organic carbon source existed.The results reveal that aerobic nitrifing bacteria,denitnifying bacteria and ANAMMOX bacteria could coexist.Due to the existence of a small amount of dissolved oxygen and COD.Aerobic nitrification occurred anammox reaction to the lifting of oxygen poisoning,at the same time nitrification reaction and anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction happened and a few ammonia released,and afterwards the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction held a leading post.It proved the ANAMMOX treated the low carbon high nitrogen waste water without eliminate oxygen peculiarly was feasible.
4.After 61 days domestication,the mature ANAMMOX bacteria treated with synthetic livestock wastewater could treat with actual pig farm wastewater,and worked stably.Because of the harmful materials in actual wastewater influenced the growth and activity considerably.The removal rate of NH_4~+-N,NO_2~--N were 45.5%, and 95.1%,TN removal rate was 62.6%.
5.SHARON-ANANMMOX linkage treated anaerobic digestive juice in pig farm. NH_4~+-N in the output water maintained at 80 mg/L,the removal rate around 81.6%; TN removal rate remained at around 80.0%,much higher than nitrification/ denitrification process,COD in the output water maintained at 80-100 mg/L,The removal rate of it was 90.2%.The system has a great capability to be resistant to impact load and can be effective to remove the nitrogen and carbon.
1、以养猪场厌氧反应污泥为种泥启动厌氧氨氧化反应器,利用高氮模拟废水在150d左右成功培养出具有较高活性的浅红色厌氧氨氧化污泥;反应器对NH_4~+-N去除率最高达95.7%,NO_2~--N去除率最高达96.2%;NH_4~+-N的容积负荷为453.2g/(m~3.d)、NO_2~--N的容积负荷为471.3g/(m~3.d)。
2、在低碳高氮模拟废水中当COD的浓度高于250mg/L时厌氧氨氧化反应受到抑制,COD浓度越高异养菌与自养菌的竞争愈趋激烈。有机碳源存在控制边界条件为:COD250mg/L、pH值8、温度38℃、水力停留时间24h。
3、分析了有机碳源条件下反应器内的主要反应过程,证明低碳源微量溶解氧条件下好氧硝化菌、厌氧氨氧化菌和异养反硝化菌能够共存。反应器内开始由于少量DO的存在,首先发生好氧硝化反应为厌氧氨氧化解毒,同时有异养反硝化反应和厌氧氨氧化反应发生以及少量氨的释放;其后是厌氧氨氧化反应占主导地位。论证了厌氧氨氧化工艺在不需特殊除氧条件下处理低碳高氮废水是可行的。
4、低碳高氮模拟废水培养成熟的厌氧氨氧化菌经过61d天的驯化可对养猪场废水厌氧消化液进行处理并达到稳定状态,但养猪场废水中有害物质的存在对厌氧氨氧化反应器活性产生较大影响:NH_4~+-N去除率为45.5%、NO_2~--N去除率为95.1%、TN去除率为62.6%。
5、SHARON-ANANMMOX联动处理养猪场废水厌氧消化液。NH_4~+-N出水维持在80mg/L左右,去除率在81.6%左右;TN去除率维持在80.0%左右,大大高于硝化/反硝化处理工艺,出水COD维持在80-100mg/L之间,去除率在90.2%左右,系统抗冲击负荷能力强,可以有效的除碳脱氮。
Compared with traditional techniques for nitrogen removal by microbial, the anaerobic ammonium oxidation technique is a kind of new style and widely promising method for ammonium removal which is free from the use of neutralization reagents,secondary pollution and saved the consumption of energy. Plenty of experiments,theoretical analysis and application research on this object had been Performed,and bought a lot of results by many investigators.This research used the Self-made UASB reactor,inoculated the anaerobic digestion of sludge to training anammox bacteria,and successfully completed the ANAMMOX reactor startting-up,and on this basis it explored the factors affecting anammox reaction of controlling under the conditions of organic carbon,analyzed the main reaction occurred in the reactor,and towards wastewater in pig farm it carried out anaerobic digestive juice nitrogen by ANAMMOX.The experiment is displayed as follows:
1.The ANAMMOX reactor was started up with anaerobic digestion sludge in pig farm and cultivated chocolate light red particle sludge with high ANAMMOX activity in about 150 days by high-nitrogen artificial wastewater.The removal rate of ammonia and nitrite achieved 95.7%,96.2%respectively.The volume loads of ammonia and nitrite were respectively 453.2 g/(m~3.d),471.3 g/(m~3.d).
2.When the COD concentration was higher than 250mg/L,the anammox reaction was inhibited in low-carbon high nitrogen Simulation wastewater.The suitable COD concentration for the ANAMMOX smooth progress was 250mg/L,the best pH value was 8,the Optimum temperature was 38℃,the best HRT was 24h.
3.It analyzed main reaction process in reactor which organic carbon source existed.The results reveal that aerobic nitrifing bacteria,denitnifying bacteria and ANAMMOX bacteria could coexist.Due to the existence of a small amount of dissolved oxygen and COD.Aerobic nitrification occurred anammox reaction to the lifting of oxygen poisoning,at the same time nitrification reaction and anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction happened and a few ammonia released,and afterwards the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction held a leading post.It proved the ANAMMOX treated the low carbon high nitrogen waste water without eliminate oxygen peculiarly was feasible.
4.After 61 days domestication,the mature ANAMMOX bacteria treated with synthetic livestock wastewater could treat with actual pig farm wastewater,and worked stably.Because of the harmful materials in actual wastewater influenced the growth and activity considerably.The removal rate of NH_4~+-N,NO_2~--N were 45.5%, and 95.1%,TN removal rate was 62.6%.
5.SHARON-ANANMMOX linkage treated anaerobic digestive juice in pig farm. NH_4~+-N in the output water maintained at 80 mg/L,the removal rate around 81.6%; TN removal rate remained at around 80.0%,much higher than nitrification/ denitrification process,COD in the output water maintained at 80-100 mg/L,The removal rate of it was 90.2%.The system has a great capability to be resistant to impact load and can be effective to remove the nitrogen and carbon.
引文
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