船舶机舱集中监控系统的设计与研究
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摘要
随着计算机技术、通信技术、网络技术的发展,现代化船舶也向自动化和数字化技术的方向快速发展。机舱集中监控系统从早期的模拟式到数字式、分布式,现在已经逐步形成以网络集成自动化系统为主体的网络型结构。这为船舶适应日益严格的安全要求和高度自动化奠定了基础,同时也给船舶机舱自动化的发展带来一次飞跃。
本文首先对几种现场总线和局域网各自的功能和特点进行深入的介绍,对机舱监测报警系统的各种功能:报警设定、报警闭锁、延伸报警、报警延时等进行了深入的分析研究。根据机舱监控系统的功能结构和发展趋势,设计了由MCGS组态软件、西门子300的PLC、PROFIBUS现场总线以及以太局域网构成的船舶集中监控系统。先对系统进行硬件设计,然后在软件STEP 7环境中和MCGS平台下实现底层PLC子站对船舶机舱内数据的采集、控制和报警功能,PLC子站与上位机的数据通信以及整个系统监控画面所实现的各项功能的软件设计和仿真。
设计的船舶机舱集中监控系统紧密结合现代化船舶发展的趋势,实现了船舶机舱的网络化监控和全船数据资源共享,从而能最大程度地提高船舶航行的安全性、可靠性和经济性。经过对系统的功能测试证明,本文设计的船舶机舱集中监控系统适合应用于目前的大部分船舶,是一种可靠实用的监控系统。
With the development of computer, communication and network, modern ships have also developed quickly in automation and digital technology aspect. From early analogical to digital, distributed and now the centralized monitor system of ship's engine room has formed network structure gradually whose main body is network integrated automation system. It is a basement for the gradually strict safement order and highly automation of ships, it also can bring a great leap to the development of automation of the engine room.
The article first gave detailed introduction about the functions and characters of several fieldbus and LAN and gave deep analysis about diversified functions of the monitor and alarm system of the engine room, including: enachment, removal, extending, delay and so on. According to the function, structure and developmental trend , designed the centralized monitor system of ship which composed by MCGS configuration software, Simense PLC 300, PROFIBUS and Ethernet. After designing the hardware, using STEP 7 and MCGS to realize PLC sub stations' function of data collection, control and alarm, the communication between PLC sub stations and epigyny machine and software designing and emluation of every function of the monitor interface.
The centrliazed monitor system of engine room combines with the trend of modern ships' development closely, realizing the engine room's network monitor and data resouce sharing of the whole ship, thus it can promote the safety, reliability and economic quality to the great extent. After testing the function of the whole system, the centrliazed monitor system of ship's engine room in this article is suitable for being applied in most actual ships, it's a realiable and useful monitoring system.
本文首先对几种现场总线和局域网各自的功能和特点进行深入的介绍,对机舱监测报警系统的各种功能:报警设定、报警闭锁、延伸报警、报警延时等进行了深入的分析研究。根据机舱监控系统的功能结构和发展趋势,设计了由MCGS组态软件、西门子300的PLC、PROFIBUS现场总线以及以太局域网构成的船舶集中监控系统。先对系统进行硬件设计,然后在软件STEP 7环境中和MCGS平台下实现底层PLC子站对船舶机舱内数据的采集、控制和报警功能,PLC子站与上位机的数据通信以及整个系统监控画面所实现的各项功能的软件设计和仿真。
设计的船舶机舱集中监控系统紧密结合现代化船舶发展的趋势,实现了船舶机舱的网络化监控和全船数据资源共享,从而能最大程度地提高船舶航行的安全性、可靠性和经济性。经过对系统的功能测试证明,本文设计的船舶机舱集中监控系统适合应用于目前的大部分船舶,是一种可靠实用的监控系统。
With the development of computer, communication and network, modern ships have also developed quickly in automation and digital technology aspect. From early analogical to digital, distributed and now the centralized monitor system of ship's engine room has formed network structure gradually whose main body is network integrated automation system. It is a basement for the gradually strict safement order and highly automation of ships, it also can bring a great leap to the development of automation of the engine room.
The article first gave detailed introduction about the functions and characters of several fieldbus and LAN and gave deep analysis about diversified functions of the monitor and alarm system of the engine room, including: enachment, removal, extending, delay and so on. According to the function, structure and developmental trend , designed the centralized monitor system of ship which composed by MCGS configuration software, Simense PLC 300, PROFIBUS and Ethernet. After designing the hardware, using STEP 7 and MCGS to realize PLC sub stations' function of data collection, control and alarm, the communication between PLC sub stations and epigyny machine and software designing and emluation of every function of the monitor interface.
The centrliazed monitor system of engine room combines with the trend of modern ships' development closely, realizing the engine room's network monitor and data resouce sharing of the whole ship, thus it can promote the safety, reliability and economic quality to the great extent. After testing the function of the whole system, the centrliazed monitor system of ship's engine room in this article is suitable for being applied in most actual ships, it's a realiable and useful monitoring system.
引文
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[2]黄忠秀.船舶运输控制系统.人民交通出版社,2000.1
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[4]郑凤阁.轮机自动化.大连:大连海事大学出版社,2002.5
[5]赵永生,崔萌,陈洪立等.远洋实习船机舱监测与报警系统的设计.大连海事大学学报,2000 26(1):14-16
[6]赵永生,陈洪立.高可靠船舶机舱分布式监控系统的设计.大连海事大学学报,1997 23(1):66-69
[7]白广来,朱绍庐.现场总线技术与机舱自动化的研究.中国航海,1998(2)
[8]吴晓华.基于CAN总线和组态王的监控系统软件设计:(硕士学位论文).武汉理工大学,2005
[9]大连船舶重工集团有限公司.滚装/客滚船关键技术开发.武昌造船厂,2005.12
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[15]李杰仁.现代船舶电气自动化技术中几个重要问题的探讨.基础自动化,1995.5
[16]吴华彬.PLC控制技术在工程船舶上的应用.水运工程,1996(8)
[17]Stenerson,Jon.Fundamentals of programmable Logic Controller,sensors,and communication.,2004
[18]王金全.远程只智能I/O与现场总线.测控技术通信,总第7期
[19]刘曙光.现场总线技术的进展与展望.自动化与仪表,2003(3)
[20]郑元璋.船舶现场总线控制系统.船舶监测网1999年会论文
[21]龙姿平.现场总线研究及其在船舶自动化中的应用:(硕士学位论文).上海:上海交通大学,2000
[22]郑武,谢自美.PROFIBUS总线技术及在船舶监控系统中的应用.航海工程,2004(2)
[23]段柏林,郑华耀.基于现场总线的船舶柴油机监测报警系统.机电工程,2002(1)
[24]汪正良,黄学武.基于FCS的电力推进船舶的综合监测系统.中国修船,2003(6)
[25]阳宪惠.现场总线技术及其应用.清华大学出版社,1996
[26]何衍庆,俞金寿.集散控制系统原理及应用.化学工业出版社,2002.10
[27]唐济杨.现场总线(PROFIBUS)技术应用指南.2004
[28]夏继强.工业现场总线技术的新进展.北京航空航天大学学报,2004.4
[29]苏清.基于现场总线技术的全开放分散控制系统.测控技术,1999 18(5)
[30]Fidldbus Foundation Press.Technical Overview[Z].FD-043 Revision 1.0,1996,Austin,Texas
[31]郑华耀,汤天浩.自动化机舱监测系统与计算机现场总线技术,机电一体化,2001(5)
[32]汪正良.基于FCS的电力推进船舶的综合监控系统:(硕士学位论文).上海海运学院,2004.1
[33]浦保康,赵兴贤.轮机自动化.人民交通出版社,1980
[34]阳宪惠.工业数据通信与控制网络.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[35]张浩.现场总线与工业以太网络应用技术手册.上海:上海科技出版社,2002
[36]H.Zheng.Advanced Computer Technology for Development of Marine Simulation Center,Proceedings of 9th IEEE International Conference on Methods and Models in Automation and Robotics,2003
[37]唐济扬.基于现场总线技术的先进控制系统.制造业自动化,2000(7)
[38]World FIP-Another Fieldfus Challenger.Control engineering,March,1993
[39]方彦军,程继红.检测技术与系统.北京:中国电力出版社,2006
[40]宋文绪.传感器与检测技术.北京:高等教育出版社,2004
[41]库德强.基于工控机和PLC的监控系统的研究:(硕士学位论文).沈阳工业大学,2006.3
[42]王立明.基于PLC和工控机的混凝土搅拌站测控系统设计:(硕士学位论文).西安建筑科技大学,2006.5
[43]梁莉,田宇.搅拌站计算机控制系统的设计[J].广东自动化与信息工程,2001(3)
[44]SIEMENS AG.SIEMENS STEP 7 V 5.0使用入门,1998
[45]SIEMENS AG.S7-300自动化系统CPU 31xC技术功能使用手册,2001
[46]袁任光.可编程序控制器选用手册.北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[47]西门子(中国)有限公司自动化与驱动集团.深入浅出西门子S7-300 PLC[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004
[48]SIEMENS AG.SIEMENS S7-300,S7-400梯形逻辑编程,1996
[49]廖常初.S7-300/400PLC应用技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[2]黄忠秀.船舶运输控制系统.人民交通出版社,2000.1
[3]刘辉,赵永生.船舶机舱监测报警系统的设计.大连海事大学学报,1999 25(4):65-69
[4]郑凤阁.轮机自动化.大连:大连海事大学出版社,2002.5
[5]赵永生,崔萌,陈洪立等.远洋实习船机舱监测与报警系统的设计.大连海事大学学报,2000 26(1):14-16
[6]赵永生,陈洪立.高可靠船舶机舱分布式监控系统的设计.大连海事大学学报,1997 23(1):66-69
[7]白广来,朱绍庐.现场总线技术与机舱自动化的研究.中国航海,1998(2)
[8]吴晓华.基于CAN总线和组态王的监控系统软件设计:(硕士学位论文).武汉理工大学,2005
[9]大连船舶重工集团有限公司.滚装/客滚船关键技术开发.武昌造船厂,2005.12
[10]林小锋.可编程序控制器原理及应用.北京:高等教育出版社,1991
[11]徐小华.基于PLC技术的船舶辅助机械自动控制系统的研究:(硕士学位论文).上海海事大学,2004
[12]Gills Michel.Programmable Logic Controllers Architecture and Application.John Wiley&Ltd.,1990
[13]Theodore Wildi,Electrical Machines,Drives,and Power Systems,English reprint copyright 2002 by Science Press and Pearson Education North Asia Limited
[14]喻方平,李鹤鸣.微型计算机在船舶中的应用.电子工业出版社,1999.5
[15]李杰仁.现代船舶电气自动化技术中几个重要问题的探讨.基础自动化,1995.5
[16]吴华彬.PLC控制技术在工程船舶上的应用.水运工程,1996(8)
[17]Stenerson,Jon.Fundamentals of programmable Logic Controller,sensors,and communication.,2004
[18]王金全.远程只智能I/O与现场总线.测控技术通信,总第7期
[19]刘曙光.现场总线技术的进展与展望.自动化与仪表,2003(3)
[20]郑元璋.船舶现场总线控制系统.船舶监测网1999年会论文
[21]龙姿平.现场总线研究及其在船舶自动化中的应用:(硕士学位论文).上海:上海交通大学,2000
[22]郑武,谢自美.PROFIBUS总线技术及在船舶监控系统中的应用.航海工程,2004(2)
[23]段柏林,郑华耀.基于现场总线的船舶柴油机监测报警系统.机电工程,2002(1)
[24]汪正良,黄学武.基于FCS的电力推进船舶的综合监测系统.中国修船,2003(6)
[25]阳宪惠.现场总线技术及其应用.清华大学出版社,1996
[26]何衍庆,俞金寿.集散控制系统原理及应用.化学工业出版社,2002.10
[27]唐济杨.现场总线(PROFIBUS)技术应用指南.2004
[28]夏继强.工业现场总线技术的新进展.北京航空航天大学学报,2004.4
[29]苏清.基于现场总线技术的全开放分散控制系统.测控技术,1999 18(5)
[30]Fidldbus Foundation Press.Technical Overview[Z].FD-043 Revision 1.0,1996,Austin,Texas
[31]郑华耀,汤天浩.自动化机舱监测系统与计算机现场总线技术,机电一体化,2001(5)
[32]汪正良.基于FCS的电力推进船舶的综合监控系统:(硕士学位论文).上海海运学院,2004.1
[33]浦保康,赵兴贤.轮机自动化.人民交通出版社,1980
[34]阳宪惠.工业数据通信与控制网络.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[35]张浩.现场总线与工业以太网络应用技术手册.上海:上海科技出版社,2002
[36]H.Zheng.Advanced Computer Technology for Development of Marine Simulation Center,Proceedings of 9th IEEE International Conference on Methods and Models in Automation and Robotics,2003
[37]唐济扬.基于现场总线技术的先进控制系统.制造业自动化,2000(7)
[38]World FIP-Another Fieldfus Challenger.Control engineering,March,1993
[39]方彦军,程继红.检测技术与系统.北京:中国电力出版社,2006
[40]宋文绪.传感器与检测技术.北京:高等教育出版社,2004
[41]库德强.基于工控机和PLC的监控系统的研究:(硕士学位论文).沈阳工业大学,2006.3
[42]王立明.基于PLC和工控机的混凝土搅拌站测控系统设计:(硕士学位论文).西安建筑科技大学,2006.5
[43]梁莉,田宇.搅拌站计算机控制系统的设计[J].广东自动化与信息工程,2001(3)
[44]SIEMENS AG.SIEMENS STEP 7 V 5.0使用入门,1998
[45]SIEMENS AG.S7-300自动化系统CPU 31xC技术功能使用手册,2001
[46]袁任光.可编程序控制器选用手册.北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[47]西门子(中国)有限公司自动化与驱动集团.深入浅出西门子S7-300 PLC[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004
[48]SIEMENS AG.SIEMENS S7-300,S7-400梯形逻辑编程,1996
[49]廖常初.S7-300/400PLC应用技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2005