汽车变速器疲劳试验台控制系统研究与开发
摘要
随着汽车工业的飞速发展,汽车工业逐步成为许多国家的支柱产业,为了控制汽车产品质量,提高汽车的品质,势必对其总成及零部件提出更高更严格的要求。传动系是汽车实现发动机动力输出到行驶的必需系统,变速器是汽车传动系统中主要机构之一,对变速器产品结构和零部件的性能、寿命进行测试和分析,能为产品设计与质量评价提供可靠的科学依据,缩短产品的开发周期和提高产品质量。
本文在大量阅读国内外有关文献资料的基础上,针对目前国外比较先进和普遍的汽车变速器试验台系统,结合韶关宏大齿轮有限公司的汽车变速器试验台项目,研究和开发适合我国条件的汽车变速器性能测试平台。这个测试平台不仅能够进行变速器性能试验。同时,借助该试验台,还可以为变速器产品的进一步研究和开发提供可靠数据。
论文首先对国内外汽车变速器技术的研究现状进行了综述和分析,然后分以下五部分对试验台的研制进行了介绍。
(1)液压加载系统:首先对液压加载系统的原理进行了介绍,然后对液压加载系统的结构进行了设计,并根据系同要求设计了液压加载的控制系统,最后对控制系统中的载荷加载过程进行了简单介绍。
(2)油路循环系统:针对油路循环系统的工作要求,设计了循环系统的管路结构,介绍了系统对于温度的控制方法和流量调节阀的控制原理以及电控单元的设计。
(3)电机调速控制系统:首先介绍了变频调速的原理和几种常用方法,然后介绍了系统中电机调速的实现方法。
(4)试验台监控系统:介绍了监控系统的硬件基础,包括系统结构、数据采集卡、PLC及其D/A和A/D模块,并在硬件的基础上阐述了软件设计的总体思路。
(5)参数检测及抗干扰设计:介绍了试验台中转速、油压、油温的检测和传感器的规格参数,最后对系统的抗干扰设计做了简要介绍。
With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the auto industry has gradually become a pillar industry in many countries. In order to control the quality of automotive products, and improve the quality, it is bound to put its assembly and parts higher and more stringent requirements. Transmission is the necessary system to achive the engine power output to traffic. Therefore, testing and analysis the transmission parts' and components' performance, life, can provide a reliable evaluation for the product design and quality of the scientific basis, shorten product development cycles and increase product quality.
Based on the large number of literature at home and abroad, Against advanced and widespread automobile transmission test bed system abroad, combining Shaoguan ambitious automotive transmission gears Limited Test-bed project,this Papers research and development Automotive Transmission Performance Testing Platform suited to China's conditions . This test platform not only can carry out transmission test,but also can provide reliable data for the further transmission product research and development.
First ,papers reviewed and analyzed the domestic and foreign automobile transmission technology of the status quo, and then the following five part of the test bed development were introduced.
(1) hydraulic loading system: first the principle of the hydraulic loading system was introduced,and then designed the structure of the hydraulic loading system, in accordance with the requirements of the design of the it, the hydraulic loading control system was also designed. Finally, the loading process of the load control system was introuced briefly.
(2) Oil circulatory system:according to the work requirements of the circulatory system,paper designed the pipeline structure of the circulatory system, introduced the control methods which a system to control temperature and the control principle of the flow control valve and the design of electronic control unit.
(3) Motor Speed Control System: First introduced Several of the principles and methods of VVVF, and then introduced the motor speed control method in a system.
(4) The supervision system for test-bed Hardware foundation of the supervision system, including system framework, data collection board, PLC and its D/A & A/D module and method to software designing are introduced.
(5) Parameter examination and anti- interference design Parameter examination, including rotate speed, wind temperature, wind pressure, specification of some sensor and anti-interference design are briefly introduced.
本文在大量阅读国内外有关文献资料的基础上,针对目前国外比较先进和普遍的汽车变速器试验台系统,结合韶关宏大齿轮有限公司的汽车变速器试验台项目,研究和开发适合我国条件的汽车变速器性能测试平台。这个测试平台不仅能够进行变速器性能试验。同时,借助该试验台,还可以为变速器产品的进一步研究和开发提供可靠数据。
论文首先对国内外汽车变速器技术的研究现状进行了综述和分析,然后分以下五部分对试验台的研制进行了介绍。
(1)液压加载系统:首先对液压加载系统的原理进行了介绍,然后对液压加载系统的结构进行了设计,并根据系同要求设计了液压加载的控制系统,最后对控制系统中的载荷加载过程进行了简单介绍。
(2)油路循环系统:针对油路循环系统的工作要求,设计了循环系统的管路结构,介绍了系统对于温度的控制方法和流量调节阀的控制原理以及电控单元的设计。
(3)电机调速控制系统:首先介绍了变频调速的原理和几种常用方法,然后介绍了系统中电机调速的实现方法。
(4)试验台监控系统:介绍了监控系统的硬件基础,包括系统结构、数据采集卡、PLC及其D/A和A/D模块,并在硬件的基础上阐述了软件设计的总体思路。
(5)参数检测及抗干扰设计:介绍了试验台中转速、油压、油温的检测和传感器的规格参数,最后对系统的抗干扰设计做了简要介绍。
With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the auto industry has gradually become a pillar industry in many countries. In order to control the quality of automotive products, and improve the quality, it is bound to put its assembly and parts higher and more stringent requirements. Transmission is the necessary system to achive the engine power output to traffic. Therefore, testing and analysis the transmission parts' and components' performance, life, can provide a reliable evaluation for the product design and quality of the scientific basis, shorten product development cycles and increase product quality.
Based on the large number of literature at home and abroad, Against advanced and widespread automobile transmission test bed system abroad, combining Shaoguan ambitious automotive transmission gears Limited Test-bed project,this Papers research and development Automotive Transmission Performance Testing Platform suited to China's conditions . This test platform not only can carry out transmission test,but also can provide reliable data for the further transmission product research and development.
First ,papers reviewed and analyzed the domestic and foreign automobile transmission technology of the status quo, and then the following five part of the test bed development were introduced.
(1) hydraulic loading system: first the principle of the hydraulic loading system was introduced,and then designed the structure of the hydraulic loading system, in accordance with the requirements of the design of the it, the hydraulic loading control system was also designed. Finally, the loading process of the load control system was introuced briefly.
(2) Oil circulatory system:according to the work requirements of the circulatory system,paper designed the pipeline structure of the circulatory system, introduced the control methods which a system to control temperature and the control principle of the flow control valve and the design of electronic control unit.
(3) Motor Speed Control System: First introduced Several of the principles and methods of VVVF, and then introduced the motor speed control method in a system.
(4) The supervision system for test-bed Hardware foundation of the supervision system, including system framework, data collection board, PLC and its D/A & A/D module and method to software designing are introduced.
(5) Parameter examination and anti- interference design Parameter examination, including rotate speed, wind temperature, wind pressure, specification of some sensor and anti-interference design are briefly introduced.
引文
[1]苗鸿宾,乔峰丽,程志刚。汽车变速器综合试验台的研制[J]。机械制造,2004,(10):17-19
[2]丁茂松,闵永军。汽车自动变速器试验台的设计[J]。林业机械和土木设备,2002,(11):17-19
[3]Smith R.P and Eppinger S.D..Product development process modeling[J].Design Studies,1999,20:237-261
[4]Klaus Dieterich.Methods and tools for the efficient Development of automotive electronics[J].SAE,1995,5:71-73
[5]侯俊,邓楚南。汽车自动变速器试验台设计与研究[J]。北京汽车,2006,(5):33-35
[6]张广斌,方凯,胡丹峰。汽车变速器综合性能试验台的系统设计与实现[J]。电子技术,2002,(5):53-55
[7]冯瑞,赵秀栩,罗元月。汽车变速器试验台自动控制系统的开发[J]。武汉理工大学学报·信息与管理工程版,2006,(4):75-77
[8]夏际金,方凯,张广斌,昂勤树。变速器综合性能试验台系统体系结构及控制软件的开发[J]。电子技术应用,2003,(5):36-38
[9]杨秀红。轿车自动变速器的结构、使用与维修[M]。北京:国防工业出版社。2000.
[10]曹利民,耿勤武。汽车变速器维修精华。北京:机械工业出版社。2006.4
[11]邓楚男。轿车结构[M]。北京:人民交通出版社,2001.6
[12]杨志强,俞建祥。交流变频器在汽车变速器电封闭试验台中的应用[J]。汽车研究与开发。2003,(3)
[13]汪国梁.电机学.北京:机械工业出版社,2004.4
[14]刘明利等.变速箱液压加载试验台的研制[J].机床与液压,2001(6):147-148
[15]张颂.液压加载封闭试验装置[J].组合机床与自动化技术,1997(7):28-31
[16]孙成通.液压传动[M].北京:化学工业出版社.2005
[16]冯瑞,赵秀栩。基于电液比例技术的汽车变速器试验台加载系统[J]。汽车制造技术,2006,(11):101-103
[17]过学迅,冯永存。汽车变速器试验台恒温供油系统研制[J]。实验与研究1998,(5):27-29
[18]孙泽勇,王庸贵,任德军等.基于PID的温度自动控制系统的实现.中国测试 技.2003,(2):18-19
[19]K.J.Astrom.Automatic Tuning and Adaption for PID Controller-A Survey.Control Eng Practice,1993.1(4):351-364
[20]k.k.Tan,T.H.Lee.Enhenced Automatic Tuning Procedure for Process Control of PI/PID Controller.AICHE Journal,1996.42(9):2221-2253
[21]李铁才,杜坤梅.电机控制技术[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2000.8
[22]邓星钟主编.机电传动控制[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2001.
[23]黄立培.电动机控制[M].清华大学出版社.2003.
[24]王积伟,吴振顺.控制工程基础[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001.
[25]Wang,J.;Agrawal,P.;Alexander,L.;Rajamani,R.;American Control Conference,2003:519-572
[26]Singh Bhim,Singh Brij N,Chandra Ambrish,etal.A review of three-phase improved power quality AC/DC converters[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2004,51(3):641-660
[27]PCI8360/PCI8360A用户手册.北京中泰研创科技有限公司
[28]LG可编程逻辑控制器 MASTER-K120系列 用户手册/指令手册
[29]孙小权,何喜玲。基于PLC的液压实验台控制系统改造设计[J]。应用科技,2006,(11)
[30]Akahori Y.PLC Hybrid Integration Technologies and Developed Devices[J].NTT Review,2001,(9):358-372
[31]秦曾煌.电工学.北京:高等教育出版社 1999.
[32]康华光.电子技术基础 模拟部分.北京:高等教育出版社,2000.6
[33]康华光.电子技术基础 数字部分.北京:高等教育出版社,2000.6
[34]JCZ系列转矩转速传感器使用说明书。湘仪动力测试仪器有限公司
[35]赵家贵等.新编传感器电路设计手册.北京:中国计量出版社,2002.9
[36]李青,潘岚,刘伯恕.电路与电子技术教程.北京:中国计量出版社,2001.3
[37]Kenji Hagiwara,Satoshi Terayama,Youhei Takeda,Koyada,ShoichiSuzuki.Development of automatic trans-mission control system using hardware in the loop simulation system[J].JSAE Review,2002,23:55-59.
[38]Brendeche THomas,Ferit Kucukay.Virtual real-time Environment for automatic transmission control units in the form of hardware-in-the-loop[J].Int J of Vehicle Design,2002,28:87-92
[39]William F Powers,Paul R Nicastri.Automotive vehicle control challenges in the 21stcentury[J].Control Engineering Practice,2000,(8):605-618.
[40]恒扬科导.Visual Basic 6.0程序设计[M].机械工业出版社.2003.
[41]白鹏,莫为东.Visual Basic 6.0高级编程技巧—控件篇[M].机械工业出版社.1999.
[2]丁茂松,闵永军。汽车自动变速器试验台的设计[J]。林业机械和土木设备,2002,(11):17-19
[3]Smith R.P and Eppinger S.D..Product development process modeling[J].Design Studies,1999,20:237-261
[4]Klaus Dieterich.Methods and tools for the efficient Development of automotive electronics[J].SAE,1995,5:71-73
[5]侯俊,邓楚南。汽车自动变速器试验台设计与研究[J]。北京汽车,2006,(5):33-35
[6]张广斌,方凯,胡丹峰。汽车变速器综合性能试验台的系统设计与实现[J]。电子技术,2002,(5):53-55
[7]冯瑞,赵秀栩,罗元月。汽车变速器试验台自动控制系统的开发[J]。武汉理工大学学报·信息与管理工程版,2006,(4):75-77
[8]夏际金,方凯,张广斌,昂勤树。变速器综合性能试验台系统体系结构及控制软件的开发[J]。电子技术应用,2003,(5):36-38
[9]杨秀红。轿车自动变速器的结构、使用与维修[M]。北京:国防工业出版社。2000.
[10]曹利民,耿勤武。汽车变速器维修精华。北京:机械工业出版社。2006.4
[11]邓楚男。轿车结构[M]。北京:人民交通出版社,2001.6
[12]杨志强,俞建祥。交流变频器在汽车变速器电封闭试验台中的应用[J]。汽车研究与开发。2003,(3)
[13]汪国梁.电机学.北京:机械工业出版社,2004.4
[14]刘明利等.变速箱液压加载试验台的研制[J].机床与液压,2001(6):147-148
[15]张颂.液压加载封闭试验装置[J].组合机床与自动化技术,1997(7):28-31
[16]孙成通.液压传动[M].北京:化学工业出版社.2005
[16]冯瑞,赵秀栩。基于电液比例技术的汽车变速器试验台加载系统[J]。汽车制造技术,2006,(11):101-103
[17]过学迅,冯永存。汽车变速器试验台恒温供油系统研制[J]。实验与研究1998,(5):27-29
[18]孙泽勇,王庸贵,任德军等.基于PID的温度自动控制系统的实现.中国测试 技.2003,(2):18-19
[19]K.J.Astrom.Automatic Tuning and Adaption for PID Controller-A Survey.Control Eng Practice,1993.1(4):351-364
[20]k.k.Tan,T.H.Lee.Enhenced Automatic Tuning Procedure for Process Control of PI/PID Controller.AICHE Journal,1996.42(9):2221-2253
[21]李铁才,杜坤梅.电机控制技术[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2000.8
[22]邓星钟主编.机电传动控制[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2001.
[23]黄立培.电动机控制[M].清华大学出版社.2003.
[24]王积伟,吴振顺.控制工程基础[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001.
[25]Wang,J.;Agrawal,P.;Alexander,L.;Rajamani,R.;American Control Conference,2003:519-572
[26]Singh Bhim,Singh Brij N,Chandra Ambrish,etal.A review of three-phase improved power quality AC/DC converters[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2004,51(3):641-660
[27]PCI8360/PCI8360A用户手册.北京中泰研创科技有限公司
[28]LG可编程逻辑控制器 MASTER-K120系列 用户手册/指令手册
[29]孙小权,何喜玲。基于PLC的液压实验台控制系统改造设计[J]。应用科技,2006,(11)
[30]Akahori Y.PLC Hybrid Integration Technologies and Developed Devices[J].NTT Review,2001,(9):358-372
[31]秦曾煌.电工学.北京:高等教育出版社 1999.
[32]康华光.电子技术基础 模拟部分.北京:高等教育出版社,2000.6
[33]康华光.电子技术基础 数字部分.北京:高等教育出版社,2000.6
[34]JCZ系列转矩转速传感器使用说明书。湘仪动力测试仪器有限公司
[35]赵家贵等.新编传感器电路设计手册.北京:中国计量出版社,2002.9
[36]李青,潘岚,刘伯恕.电路与电子技术教程.北京:中国计量出版社,2001.3
[37]Kenji Hagiwara,Satoshi Terayama,Youhei Takeda,Koyada,ShoichiSuzuki.Development of automatic trans-mission control system using hardware in the loop simulation system[J].JSAE Review,2002,23:55-59.
[38]Brendeche THomas,Ferit Kucukay.Virtual real-time Environment for automatic transmission control units in the form of hardware-in-the-loop[J].Int J of Vehicle Design,2002,28:87-92
[39]William F Powers,Paul R Nicastri.Automotive vehicle control challenges in the 21stcentury[J].Control Engineering Practice,2000,(8):605-618.
[40]恒扬科导.Visual Basic 6.0程序设计[M].机械工业出版社.2003.
[41]白鹏,莫为东.Visual Basic 6.0高级编程技巧—控件篇[M].机械工业出版社.1999.