调隙摆线针轮行星传动结构设计
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摘要
摆线针轮行星传动减速器由于体积小,重量轻,传动比大,传动效率高,承载能力强等优点而得到越来越广泛的应用。现代工业对传动的精度,传动的强度等方面的要求越来越高,文章在深入研究现有摆线针轮减速器的结构特点,分析了摆线针轮减速器的啮合原理的基础上设计了一种调隙摆线针轮减速器,计算了摆线轮的主要参数,验算了柱销套与柱销孔的接触强度以及柱销的弯曲强度,确定了调隙摆线针轮的结构。
文章利用三维软件绘制出了摆线针轮减速器的三维模型图,直观的表达了新型摆线轮的结构,利用caxa绘制出了减速器完整的工程图。
摆线轮是摆线针轮行星减速器中的关键部件,为了得到比较准确的摆线轮的受力状态,文章根据摆线轮的传动和啮合原理对摆线针轮行星传动减速器中摆线轮进行有限元分析,用slolidedge软件建立了摆线轮的三维实体模型,探讨了摆线轮曲线的生成方法,利用excel的公式编辑功能计算出足够的摆线轮轮廓坐标,在solidedge中生成精确的摆线轮轮廓曲线,提高了分析模型的精度。利用abaqus有限元分析软件,建立摆线针轮减速器关键零件的有限元模型,对摆线轮、偏心套、转臂轴承、柱销及针齿进行有限元分析,得出摆线轮的应力分布图。
在减速器的设计过程中对solidedge与abaqus进行整合应用,实现了建立在软件solidedge-abaqus环境下具有一定意义的计算机辅助工程设计,其中的实体建模和曲线绘制方法与有限元分析手段在共同建立平台下解决复杂机械系统设计及性能分析方面具有理论意义和实用价值。
Cycloidal drive has lots of advantages, such as small in size, light weight, high transmission ratio, high capacity and high transmission efficiency and so on, which make it possible to be widely used in many fields. The driving accuracy and transmission intensity of modern society have become increasly demanding .A new structure of cycloidal reducer has been designed based on the in-depth study of existing structural characteristics and analysis of the principle of cycloidal drive. In this paper, the main parameters of cycloidal gear has been dalculateted and the column set off contact with the dowel pin hole pin strength and flexural strength of columns have been checked, which determine the structure of the new cycloidal gear.
In addition to the three-dimensional model of cycloidal gear reducer has been rendered with three-dimensional software and the structure of the new cycloidal drive is visual expressed by it, the schedule drawings of the cycloidal drive have been drawed.
Cycloidal gear is a key component of the cyloidal drive reducer. In order to obtain more accurate stress state of the cyloidal drive, a cycloidal gear reducer geometric model was showed and a finite element model was established based on the principles of cycloidal motion and stress analysis. In this paper,the three-dimensional model of cycloid gear has been created and disscussed hao to generate curve in solidedge.In oder to obtain accuracy of analisis model,sufficient cycloid gear profile coordinates have been calculated with the help of excel to generate precise curve of cyclodial gear in solidedge. The finite element model of key parts for cycloidal drive have created to analisys pin gear,eccentric adjisting axis,pins and pin wheels and finally obtained the stress distribution of the cycloidal gear.
The integration of solidedge and abaqus are discussed in the process of analysis and computer-aided engineering design based on solidedge-abaqus environment is implemented.The establishment of the common platform of resolving complex mechanical system design and performance analysis are useful in the solid modeling and finite element analysis method.
文章利用三维软件绘制出了摆线针轮减速器的三维模型图,直观的表达了新型摆线轮的结构,利用caxa绘制出了减速器完整的工程图。
摆线轮是摆线针轮行星减速器中的关键部件,为了得到比较准确的摆线轮的受力状态,文章根据摆线轮的传动和啮合原理对摆线针轮行星传动减速器中摆线轮进行有限元分析,用slolidedge软件建立了摆线轮的三维实体模型,探讨了摆线轮曲线的生成方法,利用excel的公式编辑功能计算出足够的摆线轮轮廓坐标,在solidedge中生成精确的摆线轮轮廓曲线,提高了分析模型的精度。利用abaqus有限元分析软件,建立摆线针轮减速器关键零件的有限元模型,对摆线轮、偏心套、转臂轴承、柱销及针齿进行有限元分析,得出摆线轮的应力分布图。
在减速器的设计过程中对solidedge与abaqus进行整合应用,实现了建立在软件solidedge-abaqus环境下具有一定意义的计算机辅助工程设计,其中的实体建模和曲线绘制方法与有限元分析手段在共同建立平台下解决复杂机械系统设计及性能分析方面具有理论意义和实用价值。
Cycloidal drive has lots of advantages, such as small in size, light weight, high transmission ratio, high capacity and high transmission efficiency and so on, which make it possible to be widely used in many fields. The driving accuracy and transmission intensity of modern society have become increasly demanding .A new structure of cycloidal reducer has been designed based on the in-depth study of existing structural characteristics and analysis of the principle of cycloidal drive. In this paper, the main parameters of cycloidal gear has been dalculateted and the column set off contact with the dowel pin hole pin strength and flexural strength of columns have been checked, which determine the structure of the new cycloidal gear.
In addition to the three-dimensional model of cycloidal gear reducer has been rendered with three-dimensional software and the structure of the new cycloidal drive is visual expressed by it, the schedule drawings of the cycloidal drive have been drawed.
Cycloidal gear is a key component of the cyloidal drive reducer. In order to obtain more accurate stress state of the cyloidal drive, a cycloidal gear reducer geometric model was showed and a finite element model was established based on the principles of cycloidal motion and stress analysis. In this paper,the three-dimensional model of cycloid gear has been created and disscussed hao to generate curve in solidedge.In oder to obtain accuracy of analisis model,sufficient cycloid gear profile coordinates have been calculated with the help of excel to generate precise curve of cyclodial gear in solidedge. The finite element model of key parts for cycloidal drive have created to analisys pin gear,eccentric adjisting axis,pins and pin wheels and finally obtained the stress distribution of the cycloidal gear.
The integration of solidedge and abaqus are discussed in the process of analysis and computer-aided engineering design based on solidedge-abaqus environment is implemented.The establishment of the common platform of resolving complex mechanical system design and performance analysis are useful in the solid modeling and finite element analysis method.
引文
[1]关天民.针摆传动行星传动中修形所产生的回转误差计算与分析[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术, 2001(10): 15-18.
[2]关天民,雷蕾,孙英时. FA型摆线针轮行星传动装置的反求设计[J].中国机械工程, 2003, 14(3): 68-71.
[3]关天民,孙英时,雷蕾.二齿差摆线针轮行星传动的受力分析[J].机械工程学报, 2002, 38(3): 59-63.
[4]机械设计手册编委会机械设计手册单行本.轮系[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007.7
[5]饶振纲.行星传动机构设计[M].上海:国防工业出版社, 1994.
[6]《现代机械传动手册》编辑委员会现代机械传动手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1995.4
[7]李力行,关天民,王子孚.摆线针轮行星传动的计算机辅助设计[J].《大连铁道学院学报》. 1992(3):23一34
[8]王惠娟,柱销环行星传动减速器的分析与设设计[J].大众科技.2005(4): 37-38.
[9]杜秀菊.柱销环行星传动的研究[D].河北.燕山大学.2001
[10]于影,邵忠喜,于波.摆线轮啮合齿形工作范围的确定[J].机械设计与研究, 2006(5): 65-67.
[11]齿轮国家标准汇编[M].北京:中国标准出版社, 1991.
[12]庞素敏.自动调隙摆线针轮行星传动设计研究[D].重庆:重庆大学, 2008.
[13]中国机械工业年鉴编辑委员会,中国齿轮专业协会.中国齿轮工业年鉴[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2002: 60-62.
[14]吴鸿业.齿轮啮合原理[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业出版社,1979.
[15]孙英时,关天民,刘莉.等效代换齿廓二齿差摆线轮的受力分析[J].机械设计与制造,2001,2(1):55-56.
[16]刘基博.外摆线两种形成方式的等同性与通用方程[J].衡冶科技,1993.
[17]张海峰.小型摆线齿轮行星传动的设计与研究[D].南京.南京理工大学.2004.
[18]李力行,洪淳赫.摆线针轮行星传动中摆线轮齿形通用方程式的研究[J].大连铁道学院学报.1992,13(1): 7-12.
[19]许洪斌.平行轴摆线针轮减速器的研究[D].西安.西安交通大学.2001.
[20]何永乐.胀管式自动调隙机构[J].航空工程,1999.
[21]朱孝录.齿轮传动设计手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2005: 766-819
[22]机械设计手册编委会.机械设计手册[M].机械工业出版社,2004.
[23]王文藻.摆线行星传动齿轮受力分析[J].研究·开发,2001.444(39):29-30.
[24]何卫东,李欣,关天民.高承载能力高传动效率新型针摆传动研究[J].中国机械工程.2005,(7):565-569.
[25]陈兵奎,房婷婷,李朝阳,王淑妍.摆线针轮行星传动共轭啮合理论[J].中国科学, 2008, 38(1): 148-160.
[26]侯沂,宋朝省.摆线针轮行星减速器的可视化设计[J]. CAD/CAM与制造业信息化, 2006, 6: 52-53.
[27]关天民,雷蕾,孙英时.二齿差摆线针轮行星传动的受力分析[J],机械工程学报.2002:3。
[28]关天民,李力行.摆线针轮行星传动减速器转臂轴承的可靠性计算[J].大连铁道学院学报.1992(1): 93-95.
[29]庄茁等.基于ABAQUS的有限元分析和应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2009.
[30] Li Lixiang,Guan Tianmin.ect .The computer aided design of cycloid drive[J],Chinese Journal Of Mechanical Engineering.1990(2):221-231.
[31] Tianmin Guan, Xiaochun Shi, The Accurate Force Analysis of The Pin-hole-output Mechanism in the Cycloid Drive[J]. Proceedings of the International Conference on Mechanical Transmissions (ICMT' 2001),Apri15一9, 2001,Chongqing, China:645一647.
[32] Ta-Shi Lai. Geometric design of roller drives with cylindrical meshing elements [J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2005, 40:55–67.
[33] Yunhong Meng, Changlin Wu, Liping Ling. Mathematical modeling of the transmission performance of 2K–H pin cycloid planetary mechanism [J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2007, 42:776-790.
[34] Li Lixing, Guan Tianmin. The flew optimum tooth profile of the cycloid gear and the CAD of cycloid drive[J] ,The Word Congress on the Theory of Machinm and Mechanisrrls, Mllano, Italy: l995(1): 355～359.
[35] Juha Hedlund and Arto Lehtovaara. Modeling of helical gear contact with tooth deflection. Tribology International. January 2006.
[36] Faydor L. Litvin. Reduction of noise of loaded and unloaded misaligned gear drives[J].Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering January 2006.
[37] Zhonghe Ye, Wei Zhang, Qinghai Huang, Chuanming Chen. Simple explicit formulae for calculating limit dimensions to avoid undercutting in the rotor of a Cycloid rotor pump [J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2005, 41:405-414.
[38] Forrest. Genetic Algorithms, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Genetic Algorithms[M]. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers.1993.
[39] Jayaram. A virtual assembly design environment[J], IEEE Computer Graphics and Application, 1999, 19(6): 4450.
[40]徐灏等编.机械设计手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1991.
[41]孙婷,何著. CAXA电子图版2005实用教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.
[42]赵艳霞.现代工程设计图学[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2008
[43]李亚强.行星减速器虚拟装配与动力学特性研究[D].武汉.武汉理工大学.2009.
[44]张淑贤,周楠,吴雁平.基于Excel的强大功能在Solid Edge中实现曲线零件的精确建模[J].工程图学学报.2006.3.
[45]张胜兰,郑冬黎,郝琪,李楚琳.基于HyperWorks的结构优化设计技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2007.
[46]郑凯,杨义勇,胡仁喜. SolidEdge应用教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社.2008.
[47]王守志,李占锋. Solid Edge实用教程(机械设计)[M].天津:天津工业出版社.2009.
[48]庄茁等ABAQUS非线性有限元分析与实例[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[49]石亦平,周玉蓉等.ABAQUS有限元分析实例详解[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[50]曹金凤,石亦平. ABAQUS有限元分析常见问题解答[M].机械工业出版社,2009.
[2]关天民,雷蕾,孙英时. FA型摆线针轮行星传动装置的反求设计[J].中国机械工程, 2003, 14(3): 68-71.
[3]关天民,孙英时,雷蕾.二齿差摆线针轮行星传动的受力分析[J].机械工程学报, 2002, 38(3): 59-63.
[4]机械设计手册编委会机械设计手册单行本.轮系[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007.7
[5]饶振纲.行星传动机构设计[M].上海:国防工业出版社, 1994.
[6]《现代机械传动手册》编辑委员会现代机械传动手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1995.4
[7]李力行,关天民,王子孚.摆线针轮行星传动的计算机辅助设计[J].《大连铁道学院学报》. 1992(3):23一34
[8]王惠娟,柱销环行星传动减速器的分析与设设计[J].大众科技.2005(4): 37-38.
[9]杜秀菊.柱销环行星传动的研究[D].河北.燕山大学.2001
[10]于影,邵忠喜,于波.摆线轮啮合齿形工作范围的确定[J].机械设计与研究, 2006(5): 65-67.
[11]齿轮国家标准汇编[M].北京:中国标准出版社, 1991.
[12]庞素敏.自动调隙摆线针轮行星传动设计研究[D].重庆:重庆大学, 2008.
[13]中国机械工业年鉴编辑委员会,中国齿轮专业协会.中国齿轮工业年鉴[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2002: 60-62.
[14]吴鸿业.齿轮啮合原理[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业出版社,1979.
[15]孙英时,关天民,刘莉.等效代换齿廓二齿差摆线轮的受力分析[J].机械设计与制造,2001,2(1):55-56.
[16]刘基博.外摆线两种形成方式的等同性与通用方程[J].衡冶科技,1993.
[17]张海峰.小型摆线齿轮行星传动的设计与研究[D].南京.南京理工大学.2004.
[18]李力行,洪淳赫.摆线针轮行星传动中摆线轮齿形通用方程式的研究[J].大连铁道学院学报.1992,13(1): 7-12.
[19]许洪斌.平行轴摆线针轮减速器的研究[D].西安.西安交通大学.2001.
[20]何永乐.胀管式自动调隙机构[J].航空工程,1999.
[21]朱孝录.齿轮传动设计手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2005: 766-819
[22]机械设计手册编委会.机械设计手册[M].机械工业出版社,2004.
[23]王文藻.摆线行星传动齿轮受力分析[J].研究·开发,2001.444(39):29-30.
[24]何卫东,李欣,关天民.高承载能力高传动效率新型针摆传动研究[J].中国机械工程.2005,(7):565-569.
[25]陈兵奎,房婷婷,李朝阳,王淑妍.摆线针轮行星传动共轭啮合理论[J].中国科学, 2008, 38(1): 148-160.
[26]侯沂,宋朝省.摆线针轮行星减速器的可视化设计[J]. CAD/CAM与制造业信息化, 2006, 6: 52-53.
[27]关天民,雷蕾,孙英时.二齿差摆线针轮行星传动的受力分析[J],机械工程学报.2002:3。
[28]关天民,李力行.摆线针轮行星传动减速器转臂轴承的可靠性计算[J].大连铁道学院学报.1992(1): 93-95.
[29]庄茁等.基于ABAQUS的有限元分析和应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2009.
[30] Li Lixiang,Guan Tianmin.ect .The computer aided design of cycloid drive[J],Chinese Journal Of Mechanical Engineering.1990(2):221-231.
[31] Tianmin Guan, Xiaochun Shi, The Accurate Force Analysis of The Pin-hole-output Mechanism in the Cycloid Drive[J]. Proceedings of the International Conference on Mechanical Transmissions (ICMT' 2001),Apri15一9, 2001,Chongqing, China:645一647.
[32] Ta-Shi Lai. Geometric design of roller drives with cylindrical meshing elements [J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2005, 40:55–67.
[33] Yunhong Meng, Changlin Wu, Liping Ling. Mathematical modeling of the transmission performance of 2K–H pin cycloid planetary mechanism [J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2007, 42:776-790.
[34] Li Lixing, Guan Tianmin. The flew optimum tooth profile of the cycloid gear and the CAD of cycloid drive[J] ,The Word Congress on the Theory of Machinm and Mechanisrrls, Mllano, Italy: l995(1): 355～359.
[35] Juha Hedlund and Arto Lehtovaara. Modeling of helical gear contact with tooth deflection. Tribology International. January 2006.
[36] Faydor L. Litvin. Reduction of noise of loaded and unloaded misaligned gear drives[J].Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering January 2006.
[37] Zhonghe Ye, Wei Zhang, Qinghai Huang, Chuanming Chen. Simple explicit formulae for calculating limit dimensions to avoid undercutting in the rotor of a Cycloid rotor pump [J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2005, 41:405-414.
[38] Forrest. Genetic Algorithms, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Genetic Algorithms[M]. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers.1993.
[39] Jayaram. A virtual assembly design environment[J], IEEE Computer Graphics and Application, 1999, 19(6): 4450.
[40]徐灏等编.机械设计手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1991.
[41]孙婷,何著. CAXA电子图版2005实用教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.
[42]赵艳霞.现代工程设计图学[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2008
[43]李亚强.行星减速器虚拟装配与动力学特性研究[D].武汉.武汉理工大学.2009.
[44]张淑贤,周楠,吴雁平.基于Excel的强大功能在Solid Edge中实现曲线零件的精确建模[J].工程图学学报.2006.3.
[45]张胜兰,郑冬黎,郝琪,李楚琳.基于HyperWorks的结构优化设计技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2007.
[46]郑凯,杨义勇,胡仁喜. SolidEdge应用教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社.2008.
[47]王守志,李占锋. Solid Edge实用教程(机械设计)[M].天津:天津工业出版社.2009.
[48]庄茁等ABAQUS非线性有限元分析与实例[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[49]石亦平,周玉蓉等.ABAQUS有限元分析实例详解[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[50]曹金凤,石亦平. ABAQUS有限元分析常见问题解答[M].机械工业出版社,2009.