同步数字体制光纤接入传输系统若干关键技术的研究
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摘要
SDH在向高速骨干网进军的同时，正向速率较低的接入网领域渗透。因此，
研究开发适合本地业务情况的SDH光纤接入传输系统是目前SDH技术应用的一
个重要方向。此外，在SDH传输平台上直接接入和传输Internet业务（IP over
SDH），是SDH目前研究的热点。国外一些设备厂商和研究单位已宣布研制成功
了SDH的IP接口设备，其核心技术仍对外封锁。本论文将围绕这两个方向的一
些关键技术问题进行分析和研究，具体包括以下一些内容：
◇研究开发出一种高性能的SDH设备时钟（SEC）。提出SEC的核心器件
——锁相环（PLL）的优化设计原则，并优化设计出具有极窄带宽的数字式锁相
环（DPLL）。由该DPLL构成的SEC能自适应地调节相位捕捉的速度和精度，直
接对155MHz的线路定时信号实施跟踪，有效地解决了SDH技术在接入网中应
用时存在的网同步问题。该SEC已成功地应用于大唐电信SDH（155Mbps）光纤
传输系统中。
◇提出一种新的减小指针调整抖动的方案——自适应调制泄漏法。该方案
采用新的相位扩散机理，对每1比特抖动的泄漏进行序列调制，有效地将相位泄
漏频率从低频段移向高频段，使泄漏相位很容易被锁相环滤除，从而达到减小输
出抖动的目的。与以往减小指针调整抖动的方案相比，该方案极大地提高了对在
SDH/PDH网络边界产生的抖动的抑制能力，确保了SDH技术在接入网中应用的
服务质量。
◇提出SDH接入网的组网方法和保护策略。在研究SDH自愈网络的可靠
性、生存性以及网络成本的基础上，首次论证了SDH在接入网中采用U-SHR/2
环型拓扑和相应保护方式的优势。同时对SDH接入网的生存性的定量分析，有
助于对其防破坏能力作出预测和评估。这些研究对SDH接入网的设计与维护具
有指导意义。
◇研究开发出一种用于接入网的SDH光纤传输系统。重点给出SDH光纤
传输系统核心网元——分插复用器（ADM）的设计，以及ADM中一种具有自主
产权的交叉连接（DXC）矩阵芯片的设计。对系统的技术指标进行了较为全面的
测试，测试结果表明本SDH光纤传输系统具有优良的性能。
摘 要
——
中研究开发出一种m OV盯 SDH宽带接人服务器。在研究基于 SDH的＊业
务接入技术O OVer SDH）相关协议的基础上，提出一种P叫erSDH宽带接入
系统的设计方案，并进一步提出了系统关键部件一包交换路由引擎的数据转发
算法。设计出基于 FpGA的包交换路由引擎，填补了国内空白。
今跟踪研究P OV0 WDM光因特网技术。在对另一种新兴的传输技术一
波分复用（WDM）技术进行研究的基础上，探讨 IP over DWDM技术在未来光
英特网中的应用。着重对IpOVOfWDM这种正处于探索阶段的因特网解决方案的
关键技术进行了跟踪研究。
As developing in the high speed trunk networks, Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
(SDH) is now entering the low speed access networks. Researching and developing
SDH optical transport system, which is suitable for the local service situation and is
used in access networks, is an important trend in the application of SDH. In addition, IP
over SDH technique is the hot topic in the SDH research field. Some foreign companies
and institutes announce that they have succeeded in designing the IP interface
equipment, but the core technique is still closed to the public. In this thesis, I will
analyze and study the key technical problems meeting in the two research directions. It
includes contents as follows:
Research and develop a new kind of high quality SEC for SDH system. We
provide the optimal principle for designing the Phase Locked Loop (PLL), which is the
core component of SEC, and design an optimal Digital PLL (DPLL) with very narrow
bandwidth. The SEC containing this kind of DPLL can adjust the phase acquisition
speed and precision adaptively. It tracks the timing signal of 155MHz line directly and
resolves the network synchronous problem during applying SDH in access networks.
The SEC has been used in the SDH optical transport system (155MHz) of Datang
Telephone Co. Ltd successfully.
Provide a new scenario to reduce the pointer adjustment jitter named
adaptively modulated bit leaking. It adopts a novel phase spreading principle and carries
out sequence modulation to the leaking of per bit. Therefore, the phase leaking is
removed from the low frequency band to the high frequency band effectively, which
makes leaked phase to be filtered by the PLL easily. Compared with previous scenarios
reducing the pointer adjustment jitter, it greatly improves the ability to suppress the
jitter generating in the SDHIPDH network edge and ensures the service quality when
SDH technique is used in access networks.
Provide the network organizing method and protecting strategy for SDH access
networks. On the basis of studying the reliability, survivability and the cost of SDH self-
healing networks, we certify the advantages of using U-SHRI2 loop topology and
corresponding protection manner in SDH access networks. At the same time, the
survivabiIity quanitative analysis for SDH access networks is helpful to forecast and
evaluae the ability against damage. These researches are significan in designing and
maintaining SDH access netwOrks.
Research and develop the SDH optical transport system used in access
netwOrks. We provide the design of the core network elemellt of SDH optical
trAnsmission systeWep multiplexor (ADM), as well as the design for the cross
cotmection matrix chip with property right in ADM. We comPletely test the tecImical
parameters of the system. The testing results show that our SDH optical transport
system has excellent performance.
Research and develop a kind of IP over SDH wide band access server. On the
basis of studying the corresponding protocols of IP over SDH, we provide a novel
scenario for designing IP over SDH wide band access system, and develop the dare
transfer algorithrn of the key comPonent of the systemopacket switch router engine.
Furthermore, we design the packe switch router engine based on FPGA and it fills the
technical empty in China.
Traking the research abollt IP over WDM optical Intemet tCchnique. On the
basis of studying another novel trAnsport techniqueWaVelength Division Multiplexing
(WDM), we discuss the aPPlication of IP over DWDM technique in the optical Intemet
of the fuure. We focus on studying and tracking the key techniques and development of
IP over WDM, which is an Intemet resolution scenario
研究开发适合本地业务情况的SDH光纤接入传输系统是目前SDH技术应用的一
个重要方向。此外，在SDH传输平台上直接接入和传输Internet业务（IP over
SDH），是SDH目前研究的热点。国外一些设备厂商和研究单位已宣布研制成功
了SDH的IP接口设备，其核心技术仍对外封锁。本论文将围绕这两个方向的一
些关键技术问题进行分析和研究，具体包括以下一些内容：
◇研究开发出一种高性能的SDH设备时钟（SEC）。提出SEC的核心器件
——锁相环（PLL）的优化设计原则，并优化设计出具有极窄带宽的数字式锁相
环（DPLL）。由该DPLL构成的SEC能自适应地调节相位捕捉的速度和精度，直
接对155MHz的线路定时信号实施跟踪，有效地解决了SDH技术在接入网中应
用时存在的网同步问题。该SEC已成功地应用于大唐电信SDH（155Mbps）光纤
传输系统中。
◇提出一种新的减小指针调整抖动的方案——自适应调制泄漏法。该方案
采用新的相位扩散机理，对每1比特抖动的泄漏进行序列调制，有效地将相位泄
漏频率从低频段移向高频段，使泄漏相位很容易被锁相环滤除，从而达到减小输
出抖动的目的。与以往减小指针调整抖动的方案相比，该方案极大地提高了对在
SDH/PDH网络边界产生的抖动的抑制能力，确保了SDH技术在接入网中应用的
服务质量。
◇提出SDH接入网的组网方法和保护策略。在研究SDH自愈网络的可靠
性、生存性以及网络成本的基础上，首次论证了SDH在接入网中采用U-SHR/2
环型拓扑和相应保护方式的优势。同时对SDH接入网的生存性的定量分析，有
助于对其防破坏能力作出预测和评估。这些研究对SDH接入网的设计与维护具
有指导意义。
◇研究开发出一种用于接入网的SDH光纤传输系统。重点给出SDH光纤
传输系统核心网元——分插复用器（ADM）的设计，以及ADM中一种具有自主
产权的交叉连接（DXC）矩阵芯片的设计。对系统的技术指标进行了较为全面的
测试，测试结果表明本SDH光纤传输系统具有优良的性能。
摘 要
——
中研究开发出一种m OV盯 SDH宽带接人服务器。在研究基于 SDH的＊业
务接入技术O OVer SDH）相关协议的基础上，提出一种P叫erSDH宽带接入
系统的设计方案，并进一步提出了系统关键部件一包交换路由引擎的数据转发
算法。设计出基于 FpGA的包交换路由引擎，填补了国内空白。
今跟踪研究P OV0 WDM光因特网技术。在对另一种新兴的传输技术一
波分复用（WDM）技术进行研究的基础上，探讨 IP over DWDM技术在未来光
英特网中的应用。着重对IpOVOfWDM这种正处于探索阶段的因特网解决方案的
关键技术进行了跟踪研究。
As developing in the high speed trunk networks, Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
(SDH) is now entering the low speed access networks. Researching and developing
SDH optical transport system, which is suitable for the local service situation and is
used in access networks, is an important trend in the application of SDH. In addition, IP
over SDH technique is the hot topic in the SDH research field. Some foreign companies
and institutes announce that they have succeeded in designing the IP interface
equipment, but the core technique is still closed to the public. In this thesis, I will
analyze and study the key technical problems meeting in the two research directions. It
includes contents as follows:
Research and develop a new kind of high quality SEC for SDH system. We
provide the optimal principle for designing the Phase Locked Loop (PLL), which is the
core component of SEC, and design an optimal Digital PLL (DPLL) with very narrow
bandwidth. The SEC containing this kind of DPLL can adjust the phase acquisition
speed and precision adaptively. It tracks the timing signal of 155MHz line directly and
resolves the network synchronous problem during applying SDH in access networks.
The SEC has been used in the SDH optical transport system (155MHz) of Datang
Telephone Co. Ltd successfully.
Provide a new scenario to reduce the pointer adjustment jitter named
adaptively modulated bit leaking. It adopts a novel phase spreading principle and carries
out sequence modulation to the leaking of per bit. Therefore, the phase leaking is
removed from the low frequency band to the high frequency band effectively, which
makes leaked phase to be filtered by the PLL easily. Compared with previous scenarios
reducing the pointer adjustment jitter, it greatly improves the ability to suppress the
jitter generating in the SDHIPDH network edge and ensures the service quality when
SDH technique is used in access networks.
Provide the network organizing method and protecting strategy for SDH access
networks. On the basis of studying the reliability, survivability and the cost of SDH self-
healing networks, we certify the advantages of using U-SHRI2 loop topology and
corresponding protection manner in SDH access networks. At the same time, the
survivabiIity quanitative analysis for SDH access networks is helpful to forecast and
evaluae the ability against damage. These researches are significan in designing and
maintaining SDH access netwOrks.
Research and develop the SDH optical transport system used in access
netwOrks. We provide the design of the core network elemellt of SDH optical
trAnsmission systeWep multiplexor (ADM), as well as the design for the cross
cotmection matrix chip with property right in ADM. We comPletely test the tecImical
parameters of the system. The testing results show that our SDH optical transport
system has excellent performance.
Research and develop a kind of IP over SDH wide band access server. On the
basis of studying the corresponding protocols of IP over SDH, we provide a novel
scenario for designing IP over SDH wide band access system, and develop the dare
transfer algorithrn of the key comPonent of the systemopacket switch router engine.
Furthermore, we design the packe switch router engine based on FPGA and it fills the
technical empty in China.
Traking the research abollt IP over WDM optical Intemet tCchnique. On the
basis of studying another novel trAnsport techniqueWaVelength Division Multiplexing
(WDM), we discuss the aPPlication of IP over DWDM technique in the optical Intemet
of the fuure. We focus on studying and tracking the key techniques and development of
IP over WDM, which is an Intemet resolution scenario
引文
[1] S.Brorson. Sonet/SDH: A Sourebook of Synchronous Networking. IEEE Communications Magazine, vol.35, no.2, pp.12-16, 1997
[2] R.Ballart, Y.C.Ching. SONET: Now it's the standard optical network. IEEE
[3] B.Cornaglia, M.Spini. SDH in digital satellite systems. Tenth International Conference on Digital Satellite Communications, 1995． , vol.1, pp.213-219,1994
[4] A.Strange, S.L.Arambepola, A.J.Flavin. SDH for the fixed satellite service. IEE Colloquium on International Transmission System, pp.5/1-5/8,1994
[5] J.Spragins. Understanding SONET/SDH: standards and applications. IEEE Network, vol.10, no.5, pp.4,1996
[6] D.Deloddere. Evolution of a narrowband exchange toward broadband. IEEE Communications Magazine, vol.33, no.11, pp.50-56,1995
[7] I.Hawker, D.Johnson, R.Chng. Distributed restoration in telecommun-ications networks. Fifth IEE Conference on Telecommunications, 1995． pp.25-29,1994
[8] A.Imaoka, M.Kihara. Time signal distribution in communication networks based on synchronous digital hierarchy. IEEE Transaction on Communication, vol.45, no.2, pp.247-253,1997
[9] A.Herkersdorf, P.Buchmann, R.Clauberg. A scalable sdh/sonet framer architecture for datacom and telco applications. 2000 International Zurich Seminar on Broadband Communications, pp.191-198． , 2000
[10] A.Galis. Broadband connectivity management service for multi-domain ATM and SDH networks. GLOBECOM '99． , vol.3, pp.2002-2009,1999
[11] Network node interface for the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH). ITU-T Rec. G.707．
[12] J.I.Cho, J.H.Ko. A full section overhead processing chip set for 10 Gbit/s SDH-based optical fiber transmission system. ICICS97． , vol.2, pp.1143-1147,1997
[13] S.Shioiri, M.Soda, T. Morikawa. A 10 Gb/s SiGe bipolar framer /demultiplexer for SDH systems. Solid-State Circuits Conference, 1998． , pp.202-203,1998
[14] X.R.Zhang, L.G.Zeng. An SDH STM-1 termination IC. ASIC96． , pp.179-182, 1996
[15] 张晓如，同步数字体制(SDH)复接器系统集成关键技术研究．[博士学位论 文]，清华大学电子工程系，1998
[16] T.D.Ndousse, S.P.R.Kumar. PPP extensions for IP/PPP-HDLC over SONET-SDH/WDM. ICC '99． , vol.1, pp.575-580,1999
[17] R.Cadeddu, N.Caponio, M.Cerisola. Self-healing Ring With Increased Capacity
Using WDM. ECOC '96． , vol.3, PP.257-260
[18] R.K., D.R.Polson. Wave-division multiplexing in the Sprint long distance network Butler. IEEE Commu. Mag.,vol.36,no.2,pp.52-55,1998
[19] E.Lowe, I.Hawker. An optical transport platform. IEE Colloquium on WDM Technology and Applications, pp.7/1-7/5,1997
[20] K.Struyve, N.Wauter, P.Falcao. Application, design, and evolution of WDM in GTS's pan-European transport network. IEEE Communications Magazine, vol.38, no.3, pp.114-121,2000
[21] J.T. Lin. Development Of The Optical Fibre Network In China. ECOC'96． ,vol.1, pp.13-13,1996
[22] P.Cochrane. The potential and promise of WDM networks. IEEE/LEOS 1996 Summer Topical Meetings, pp.3-4,1996
[23] O.Gerstel, R.Ramaswami. Upgrading SONET rings with WDM instead of TDM: an economic analysis. OFC/IOOC '99． , pp.75-77, vol.3,1999
[24] M.J.Klein, R.Urbansky. Network synchronization-a challenge for SDH/SONET? IEEE Communications Magazine, vol.31, no.9 , pp.42-50,1993
[25] R.G.Kusyk, W.A.Krzymien, T.E.Moore. Analysis of techniques for the reduction of jitter caused by SONET pointer adjustments. IEEE Transaction on Communications, vol.42, no.2, pp.2036-2050,1994
[26] S.Z. Chen, S.D.Cheng, J.L.Chen. Survivability strategies for the future Chinese SDH transport network. ICCT96． , vol.2, pp.896-900,1996
[27] N.Ghani, S.Dixit, T.S.Wang. On IP-over-WDM integration. IEEE Communications Magazine, vol.38, no.3, pp.72-84, 2000
[28] S.Okamoto, K. I.Sato. Inter-network interface for photonic transport network and SDH transport network.GLOBECOM'97． , vol.2, pp.850-855,1997
[29] A. J.J.O'Reilly, P.Lane, A framework for the availability assessment of SDH transport networks Antonopoulos. Second IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications, 1997． , pp.666-670,1997
[30] E.F.Ewing, R.Fletcher. Full access and partial access solutions for metropolitan SDH networks. Fifth IEE Conference on Telecommunications, pp.34-38,1995
[31] P.J.Wan, L.W.Liu, O.Frieder. Grooming of Arbitrary Traffic in SONET /WDM Rings. GLOBECOM '99． , vol.1B, PP.1012-1016, 1999
[2] R.Ballart, Y.C.Ching. SONET: Now it's the standard optical network. IEEE
[3] B.Cornaglia, M.Spini. SDH in digital satellite systems. Tenth International Conference on Digital Satellite Communications, 1995． , vol.1, pp.213-219,1994
[4] A.Strange, S.L.Arambepola, A.J.Flavin. SDH for the fixed satellite service. IEE Colloquium on International Transmission System, pp.5/1-5/8,1994
[5] J.Spragins. Understanding SONET/SDH: standards and applications. IEEE Network, vol.10, no.5, pp.4,1996
[6] D.Deloddere. Evolution of a narrowband exchange toward broadband. IEEE Communications Magazine, vol.33, no.11, pp.50-56,1995
[7] I.Hawker, D.Johnson, R.Chng. Distributed restoration in telecommun-ications networks. Fifth IEE Conference on Telecommunications, 1995． pp.25-29,1994
[8] A.Imaoka, M.Kihara. Time signal distribution in communication networks based on synchronous digital hierarchy. IEEE Transaction on Communication, vol.45, no.2, pp.247-253,1997
[9] A.Herkersdorf, P.Buchmann, R.Clauberg. A scalable sdh/sonet framer architecture for datacom and telco applications. 2000 International Zurich Seminar on Broadband Communications, pp.191-198． , 2000
[10] A.Galis. Broadband connectivity management service for multi-domain ATM and SDH networks. GLOBECOM '99． , vol.3, pp.2002-2009,1999
[11] Network node interface for the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH). ITU-T Rec. G.707．
[12] J.I.Cho, J.H.Ko. A full section overhead processing chip set for 10 Gbit/s SDH-based optical fiber transmission system. ICICS97． , vol.2, pp.1143-1147,1997
[13] S.Shioiri, M.Soda, T. Morikawa. A 10 Gb/s SiGe bipolar framer /demultiplexer for SDH systems. Solid-State Circuits Conference, 1998． , pp.202-203,1998
[14] X.R.Zhang, L.G.Zeng. An SDH STM-1 termination IC. ASIC96． , pp.179-182, 1996
[15] 张晓如，同步数字体制(SDH)复接器系统集成关键技术研究．[博士学位论 文]，清华大学电子工程系，1998
[16] T.D.Ndousse, S.P.R.Kumar. PPP extensions for IP/PPP-HDLC over SONET-SDH/WDM. ICC '99． , vol.1, pp.575-580,1999
[17] R.Cadeddu, N.Caponio, M.Cerisola. Self-healing Ring With Increased Capacity
Using WDM. ECOC '96． , vol.3, PP.257-260
[18] R.K., D.R.Polson. Wave-division multiplexing in the Sprint long distance network Butler. IEEE Commu. Mag.,vol.36,no.2,pp.52-55,1998
[19] E.Lowe, I.Hawker. An optical transport platform. IEE Colloquium on WDM Technology and Applications, pp.7/1-7/5,1997
[20] K.Struyve, N.Wauter, P.Falcao. Application, design, and evolution of WDM in GTS's pan-European transport network. IEEE Communications Magazine, vol.38, no.3, pp.114-121,2000
[21] J.T. Lin. Development Of The Optical Fibre Network In China. ECOC'96． ,vol.1, pp.13-13,1996
[22] P.Cochrane. The potential and promise of WDM networks. IEEE/LEOS 1996 Summer Topical Meetings, pp.3-4,1996
[23] O.Gerstel, R.Ramaswami. Upgrading SONET rings with WDM instead of TDM: an economic analysis. OFC/IOOC '99． , pp.75-77, vol.3,1999
[24] M.J.Klein, R.Urbansky. Network synchronization-a challenge for SDH/SONET? IEEE Communications Magazine, vol.31, no.9 , pp.42-50,1993
[25] R.G.Kusyk, W.A.Krzymien, T.E.Moore. Analysis of techniques for the reduction of jitter caused by SONET pointer adjustments. IEEE Transaction on Communications, vol.42, no.2, pp.2036-2050,1994
[26] S.Z. Chen, S.D.Cheng, J.L.Chen. Survivability strategies for the future Chinese SDH transport network. ICCT96． , vol.2, pp.896-900,1996
[27] N.Ghani, S.Dixit, T.S.Wang. On IP-over-WDM integration. IEEE Communications Magazine, vol.38, no.3, pp.72-84, 2000
[28] S.Okamoto, K. I.Sato. Inter-network interface for photonic transport network and SDH transport network.GLOBECOM'97． , vol.2, pp.850-855,1997
[29] A. J.J.O'Reilly, P.Lane, A framework for the availability assessment of SDH transport networks Antonopoulos. Second IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications, 1997． , pp.666-670,1997
[30] E.F.Ewing, R.Fletcher. Full access and partial access solutions for metropolitan SDH networks. Fifth IEE Conference on Telecommunications, pp.34-38,1995
[31] P.J.Wan, L.W.Liu, O.Frieder. Grooming of Arbitrary Traffic in SONET /WDM Rings. GLOBECOM '99． , vol.1B, PP.1012-1016, 1999