优化双级矩阵变换器输入输出性能的控制策略研究
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摘要
双级矩阵变换器(Two-stage Matrix Converter:TSMC)不仅具有常规矩阵变换器(ConventionalMatrix Converter:CMC)所有优良的性能,而且由于其开关器件少,换流方法可靠,开关控制方案简单,控制策略灵活等独特的优点,近年来成为了电力变换器研究的热点,许多国内外专家就双级矩阵变换器的输出输入性能和控制策略在理论上做了大量的研究与分析。然而,由于TSMC的拓扑结构,中间缺少可以储能的直流元件,这样输入与输出的相互耦合的影响十分严重,输入侧的电网、滤波参数的变化都会直接影响到TSMC的输出,同样,功率开关本身的性能,检测器件的误差,以及环境等其他因素的影响,都会直接导致TSMC输出的不稳定,因此,要得到可靠且稳定的输出电压电流,同时保持输入级的电流电压质量良好,具有十分重大的意义。本文对TSMC的输入与输出级性能进行了分析研究,同时对输入与输出的控制策略进行了优化设计。
由于TSMC是通过控制功率开关的关断与导通来实现变频变压,而功率开关元件是一个非线性,参数时变的模型,因此TSMC的系统是一个非线性,模型不确定的系统,常规的PID控制已经不能胜任如此复杂的系统,所以有必要引入智能控制方式来对TSMC的输出输入电压电流进行控制。本文提出了一种基于专家自适应PID控制下的TSMC输出电压闭环控制方案,利用专家控制的自我调节能力,能够有效地抑制电源输入端及系统中的各种扰动,保证输出波形质量的良好。而对于输入侧的控制,本文采用功率平衡控制,运用瞬时功率原理,分析了TSMC的无功功率传递原理,将输出的实际功率与输入的有功功率进行比较,得到功率误差,并设计功率补偿器,对损耗的功率进行补偿,进而控制无功功率,使整个TSMC系统获得较高的功率因数,同时可以实现输入整流级与输出逆变级的协调控制,不会因某一级的扰动而干扰整个TSMC系统。
论文运用MATLAB/SIMULINK进行了建模和仿真分析,仿真结果验证了所述控制方案的可行性和正确性。设计了基于DSP2812芯片下的TSMC的电路系统,完成了整个系统电路的规划与设计,为进一步验证其控制策略及性能奠定了基础。
TSMC(Two-stage Matrix Converter) not only has all the excellent performance as CMC(Conventional Matrix Converter), but also because of less switches, switching control scheme being simple, flexible control strategy becomes a hot research point in recent years. Many domestic and foreign experts have done a great deal to do in theory, research and analysis focusing on the two-stage matrix converter input-output characteristics. However, because of TSMC topology, the lack of the DC energy storage components, so that input and output of the coupling impact is very serious by the grid input, filters parameters. And similarly, the power switch performance, the error detection device, as well as environmental and other factors, would have a direct influence of stability in TSMC. Therefore, to obtain reliable and stable output voltage and current, while maintaining the current and voltage input stage good quality is vital for TSMC. In this paper, the input and output performance and control strategies of TSMC have been studied at the same time.
By controlling the power switch to achieve variable frequency and voltage, but the switches are non-linear components and difficult to set up a mathematical model, so the TSMC system is a non-linear, uncertain model system which conventional PID control lack of the competence to deal with the complexity of the control system. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce the intelligent way to control the TSMC system. In this paper, a self-adaptive PID based on expert control with the control of output voltage closed-loop control is studied. Using of expert control of self-adjustment ability to be able to effectively control the power of the system input and a variety of disturbances, to ensure good quality of output waveform. As for the input side of control, this paper applies the power balance control. And with the use of instantaneous power theory, analyzing the reactive power transfer principle of TSMC, comparing the output power and input actual active power, and then using the power error, to compensate for power loss and control reactive power. In this way, TSMC achieves input rectifier and output inverter stage collaborative control with high power factor, and will not be disturbed by each stage to a certain extent.
Based on the theoretical research, MATLAB / SIMULINK simulation modeling and analysis, simulation results show the feasibility and validity of the method.At the same time, the experimental system of the TSMC system is designed in the paper, TMS320LF2812 is chosen as main chip to construct the hardware system. And the system founds a platform for further research on TSMC.
由于TSMC是通过控制功率开关的关断与导通来实现变频变压,而功率开关元件是一个非线性,参数时变的模型,因此TSMC的系统是一个非线性,模型不确定的系统,常规的PID控制已经不能胜任如此复杂的系统,所以有必要引入智能控制方式来对TSMC的输出输入电压电流进行控制。本文提出了一种基于专家自适应PID控制下的TSMC输出电压闭环控制方案,利用专家控制的自我调节能力,能够有效地抑制电源输入端及系统中的各种扰动,保证输出波形质量的良好。而对于输入侧的控制,本文采用功率平衡控制,运用瞬时功率原理,分析了TSMC的无功功率传递原理,将输出的实际功率与输入的有功功率进行比较,得到功率误差,并设计功率补偿器,对损耗的功率进行补偿,进而控制无功功率,使整个TSMC系统获得较高的功率因数,同时可以实现输入整流级与输出逆变级的协调控制,不会因某一级的扰动而干扰整个TSMC系统。
论文运用MATLAB/SIMULINK进行了建模和仿真分析,仿真结果验证了所述控制方案的可行性和正确性。设计了基于DSP2812芯片下的TSMC的电路系统,完成了整个系统电路的规划与设计,为进一步验证其控制策略及性能奠定了基础。
TSMC(Two-stage Matrix Converter) not only has all the excellent performance as CMC(Conventional Matrix Converter), but also because of less switches, switching control scheme being simple, flexible control strategy becomes a hot research point in recent years. Many domestic and foreign experts have done a great deal to do in theory, research and analysis focusing on the two-stage matrix converter input-output characteristics. However, because of TSMC topology, the lack of the DC energy storage components, so that input and output of the coupling impact is very serious by the grid input, filters parameters. And similarly, the power switch performance, the error detection device, as well as environmental and other factors, would have a direct influence of stability in TSMC. Therefore, to obtain reliable and stable output voltage and current, while maintaining the current and voltage input stage good quality is vital for TSMC. In this paper, the input and output performance and control strategies of TSMC have been studied at the same time.
By controlling the power switch to achieve variable frequency and voltage, but the switches are non-linear components and difficult to set up a mathematical model, so the TSMC system is a non-linear, uncertain model system which conventional PID control lack of the competence to deal with the complexity of the control system. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce the intelligent way to control the TSMC system. In this paper, a self-adaptive PID based on expert control with the control of output voltage closed-loop control is studied. Using of expert control of self-adjustment ability to be able to effectively control the power of the system input and a variety of disturbances, to ensure good quality of output waveform. As for the input side of control, this paper applies the power balance control. And with the use of instantaneous power theory, analyzing the reactive power transfer principle of TSMC, comparing the output power and input actual active power, and then using the power error, to compensate for power loss and control reactive power. In this way, TSMC achieves input rectifier and output inverter stage collaborative control with high power factor, and will not be disturbed by each stage to a certain extent.
Based on the theoretical research, MATLAB / SIMULINK simulation modeling and analysis, simulation results show the feasibility and validity of the method.At the same time, the experimental system of the TSMC system is designed in the paper, TMS320LF2812 is chosen as main chip to construct the hardware system. And the system founds a platform for further research on TSMC.
引文
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[2] L. Wei,T A. Lipo. Matrix converter with reduced number of switches[C]. Conf. Record of the 20th EMPEC anniversary meeting, Madison, WI, USA, Oct. 24-25th, 2001.
[3] P.Nielsen,F..Blaabjerg,J.K.Pedersen. Space vector modulated matrix converter with minimized number of switches and feedforward compensatinon of input voltage unbalance [C]. Procceeding of PEDES,1996:833~839.
[4] S.Kim, S-K.Sul and T.A.Lipo. AC/AC power conversion based on matrix converter topology with unidirectional switches[J].IEEE Trans on Industry Applications,2000, 36(1):139~145.
[5] L.Zhang,C.Wathanasarn.A Matrix Converter Exctied Double-fed Induction Machine as a Wind Power Generator [C].Seventh Internationla Conference on Power Electronics and Variable Speed Drives,Chicago,IL,USA,1998:532~537.
[6] Qoi B T, Kazerani M. Voltage-Source Matrix Converter as a Controller in Flexible AC Transmission Systems [J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery, 1998,13(1):247~253.
[7] Klumpner,c.,Blaabjerg,F. A Direct Power Electronic Conversion Topology for Multi-Drive Applications[J]. IEEE Trans on Industrial Electronics,2003, 45(5):139~145.
[8] Klumpner,c.,Blaabjerg,F. A New Cost-Effective Multi-Drive Solution based on a Two-Stage Direct Power Electronic Conversion Topology [J]. IEEE Trans on Industrial Electronics. 2003, 3:86~92.
[9] C.clumpner,F.Blaabjerg.Two-stage matrix converter-an alternative to the matrix converter [C]. IEEE Professional Networks on Power Conversion and Applications . United Kingdom, London, 2003: 61~69.
[10] J.W. Kolar, M. Baumann, F. Schafmeister, and H. Ertl, Novel three-phase AC-DC-AC sparse matrix onverter [C]. In proceedings of APEC 2002 conference, vol. 2, pp. 777~791.
[11] L. Wei, and T.A. Lipo, "Matrix converter Topologies with Reduced Number of Switches"[C]. in proceedings of PESC 2002conference, pp. 57~63
[12] M.Jussila, M. Salo, and H. Tuusa, Realization of a three-phase indirect matrix converter with an indirect vector modulation method [C]. In proceedings of PESC 2003 conference, vol 2, pp.689~694.
[13] M. Hamouda, F. Fnaiech, and K. AL-Haddad,“Space vector modulation scheme for Dual-Bridge Matrix Converters using safecommutationstrategy”[C]. in proceedings of IECON 2005 conference, 6-10 Nov, pp1060~1065.
[14] C.clumpner, F.Blaabjerg. Two-stage matrix converter-an alternative to the matrix converter[C]. IEEE Professional Networks on Power Conversion and Applications . United Kingdom, London, 2003: 61~69.
[15]邓文浪.双级矩阵变换器及其控制策略研究[D] .湖南:中南大学,2007.
[16]朱豆.双级矩阵变换器-直接转矩组合控制系统的研究[D].湖南:中南大学2008.
[17] Lixiang Wei, Yoichi Matushita ,Thomas A.Lipo. Investigation of dual-bridge matrixconverters unbalanced source voltages[C].2003 IEEE 34th Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Conference Proceedings, 2003,3:1293~1298.
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