红外光谱仪摆臂控制系统的研究
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摘要
本文介绍的红外光谱仪的工作原理不同于以往的干涉仪,它是第三代红外光谱仪,它对干涉图进行傅里叶变换以得到光谱图,可用于检测物质成分等众多应用场合。因此对于目前全球极其关注的自然环境、社会经济和国家安全等方面具相当有重要的作用,而摆臂控制系统作为红外光谱仪的核心部分,对其获取精确地光谱图非常重要,本文的主旨就是研制出符合红外光谱仪要求的摆臂控制系统原理样机。
本文介绍了傅里叶变换红外光谱仪系统的原理和国内外概况,并说明了该系统对控制分系统的电机转速稳定性的严格要求。在对音圈电机的原理进行了深入分析之后,对加弹簧扰轴的摆臂控制系统进行了建模,并进行了速度——电流双闭环设计,发现此系统特殊的无阻尼震荡环节后,再使用经典的双闭环控制策略并不能很好的解决问题时,采用了在Saber仿真软件上进行整个控制系统的算法仿真。
本文介绍了本控制系统使用TMS320LF2406A作为核心控制芯片的硬件电路设计,和在CCS2000环境下使用DSP汇编语言进行的软件设计流程,以及详细的说明了在Saber中如何对实际系统进行仿真建模,并对仿真模型中每个部分如何模拟实际系统中的相应模块进行了详述。
本文最后说明了在仿真中所遇到的问题和解决方法,为实际中复杂的系统级联调做出了重要的指导作用,并取得了一定的成果,从而获得了较为理想的红外光谱图,完成了原理样机的研制。
Infrared spectrometer in this paper operating principle of the interferometer is different from the past, it is the third-generation infrared spectrometer, to carry out its interferogram using Fourier transform to get spectrum, material composition can be used to detect, and many other applications. Therefore ,a great concern to the world's natural environment, socio-economic and national security aspects of a very important role, while the swinging arm control system as an infrared spectrometer part of the core campaign, their access to accurate spectrogram is very important, this article’s target is developed in line with the requirements of the infrared spectrometer swinging arm principle prototype .
This paper introduces the overview and the principles of Fourier transform infrared spectrometer in domestic and abroad , describes the stringent requirements of motor speed stability of control subsystems to infrared spectrometer. After depth analysis of voice coil motor,modeled the swinging arm control system that plused spring disturbance,and designed the speed and current double-loop, then found that special undamped vibration of the system,to use the classic double-loop control strategy is unsuitable to solve the problem, so simulated algorithm of the whole control system with Saber.
This paper introduces the design of hardware circuit of the control system with the 2406A as a core control chip,and the program design flow using DSP assembly language in CCS2000.As well as detailed explanation of how to build the model simulation in Saber,and how the every part to simulate the corresponding module of the actual system. Finally, this paper explicates the problems encountered and solutions of simulation,as significantly directional for complex joint debugging in practice,and make some achievements to obtain ideal spectrogram, the principle prototype has been accomplished.
本文介绍了傅里叶变换红外光谱仪系统的原理和国内外概况,并说明了该系统对控制分系统的电机转速稳定性的严格要求。在对音圈电机的原理进行了深入分析之后,对加弹簧扰轴的摆臂控制系统进行了建模,并进行了速度——电流双闭环设计,发现此系统特殊的无阻尼震荡环节后,再使用经典的双闭环控制策略并不能很好的解决问题时,采用了在Saber仿真软件上进行整个控制系统的算法仿真。
本文介绍了本控制系统使用TMS320LF2406A作为核心控制芯片的硬件电路设计,和在CCS2000环境下使用DSP汇编语言进行的软件设计流程,以及详细的说明了在Saber中如何对实际系统进行仿真建模,并对仿真模型中每个部分如何模拟实际系统中的相应模块进行了详述。
本文最后说明了在仿真中所遇到的问题和解决方法,为实际中复杂的系统级联调做出了重要的指导作用,并取得了一定的成果,从而获得了较为理想的红外光谱图,完成了原理样机的研制。
Infrared spectrometer in this paper operating principle of the interferometer is different from the past, it is the third-generation infrared spectrometer, to carry out its interferogram using Fourier transform to get spectrum, material composition can be used to detect, and many other applications. Therefore ,a great concern to the world's natural environment, socio-economic and national security aspects of a very important role, while the swinging arm control system as an infrared spectrometer part of the core campaign, their access to accurate spectrogram is very important, this article’s target is developed in line with the requirements of the infrared spectrometer swinging arm principle prototype .
This paper introduces the overview and the principles of Fourier transform infrared spectrometer in domestic and abroad , describes the stringent requirements of motor speed stability of control subsystems to infrared spectrometer. After depth analysis of voice coil motor,modeled the swinging arm control system that plused spring disturbance,and designed the speed and current double-loop, then found that special undamped vibration of the system,to use the classic double-loop control strategy is unsuitable to solve the problem, so simulated algorithm of the whole control system with Saber.
This paper introduces the design of hardware circuit of the control system with the 2406A as a core control chip,and the program design flow using DSP assembly language in CCS2000.As well as detailed explanation of how to build the model simulation in Saber,and how the every part to simulate the corresponding module of the actual system. Finally, this paper explicates the problems encountered and solutions of simulation,as significantly directional for complex joint debugging in practice,and make some achievements to obtain ideal spectrogram, the principle prototype has been accomplished.
引文
[1]金锡哲,禹秉熙.干涉成像(傅立叶变换)光谱仪发展概述.长春光学精密机械学院学报,1998,21 (4):25～32
[2]顾聚兴.用于大气化学实验的傅里叶变换光谱仪的设计(上).红外月刊,2004,1 (10): 40～45
[3]董剑,余敏.傅立叶变换红外光谱仪.上海计量测试,2002,29 (4):40～42
[4]邢廷,龚惠兴.大气探测傅里叶变换光谱仪.遥感技术与应用,1999,14 (1):5～10
[5]金志煜,彭锦霞,王金堂.国外成象光谱仪的现状与未来.运载火箭与返回技术,1991,12 (2):25~29
[6]张大卫,冯晓梅.音圈电机的技术原理.中北大学学报(自然科学版),2006,27 (3):224～228
[7]黄章宋.摇臂式音圈电动机电磁参数的理论分析.微电机,1991,23,(2):13～16
[8]王建宇.步进电机在高精度小角度摆动系统中的应用.微特电机,1990,4(1): 15~17
[9] Plateaux J.J..微机控制高分辨率傅里叶变换光谱仪.红外,1989 (7): 31～36
[10] Chateauneuf F., Deutsch C., Soucy M.. Recent Developments on the ACE-FTS Instruments. Proceedings of SPIE, 2002,10(4486):393~402
[11] Oboe R., Marcassa F., Capretta P., et al. Realization of a hard disk drive head servo-positioning system with a voltage-driven voice-coil motor. Microsystem Technologies, 2003,9(4):271~281
[12] Oboe R., Marcassa F., Maiocchi G.. Voltage driven hard disk drive with voice coil model-based control. Microsystem Technologies, 2005, 11(3): 478~487
[13]杨琨,曾立波,许贤泽等.傅里叶红外光谱仪直线电机控制系统研究.现代科学仪器,2008,11 (4):112,31～34
[14] Liu C.S., Lin P.D., Lin P.H., et al. Design and characterization of miniature auto-focusing voice coil motor actuator for cell phone camera applications. IEEETransactions on Magnetics, 2009,45(1):155~159
[15] Hirano Y., Naruse J., Tsuchiyama R. Dynamic characteristics of a voice coil motor for a high performance disk drive. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 1989,25(4):3073~3075
[16]黄松章.摇臂式音圈电机简介.电机电气技术, 1987,1(4): 12
[17]黄声华,陶醒世,傅光洁.音圈电机的数学模型及仿真.华中理工大学学报, 1996, 24(2): 68~71
[18]罗敢,张彪.用于磁盘预光刻伺服图形音圈电机的设计.微特电机,1999,27,(2): 19~22
[19]陈伯时.电力拖动自动控制系统(第三版).北京:机械工业出版社, 1997. 97~110,169~184
[20]尹泉,文思国,王庆义等.大功率永磁同步驱动系统位置反馈分析与设计.电力电子技术, 2006, 40(6): 102~103, 139
[21]徐余波,许贤泽,童爱清.基于DSP的音圈电机调速系统研制.机电产品开发与创新,2005,18 (6):106～108
[22]文思国.基于旋转变压器反馈的全数字交流永磁同步伺服系统设计: [硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学大学图书馆, 2006
[23] Yu H.C., Lee T.Y., Wang S.J.. Design of a voice coil motor used in the focusing a system of a digital video camera. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2005,41(10):3979~3981
[24] Oboe R., Marcassa F., Capretta P., et al. Realization of a hard disk drive head servo-positioning system with a voltage-driven voice-coil motor. Microsystem Technologies, 2003,9(4): 271~281
[25] Soucy M., Chateauneuf F., Deutsch C.. ACE-FTS Instrument Detailed Design. Proceedings of SPIE, 2002,1(4814):70~82
[26]徐枋同,李永华,王学武.双环直流脉宽调速系统动态模型辨识.电气传动, 1993, 23 (2): 36~41
[27]孙德宝,王永骥.自动控制原理.北京:化学工业出版社, 2002. 181~245
[28]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术(第四版).北京:机械工业出版社, 2000. 43~90,150~169
[29]黄永安,马路,刘慧敏. MATLAB7.0/Simulink6.0建模仿真开发与高级工程应用.北京:清华大学出版社, 2005. 123~139,215~235
[30] Lai M.F., Chang C.. Fuzzy logic in the phase-locked loop DC motor speed control system. IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, 1997,1(3):1222~1227
[31] Le H.H., Mercier O.L.. A synchronous DC motor speed control system. Proceedings of the IEEE, 1989,64(3):394~395
[32]李全臣,蒋月娟.光谱仪原理.北京:北京理工大学出版社, 1993. 279~283
[33]金孚安.数字PID算法中的微分饱和与积分饱和问题.微机发展, 2001,11(6): 6~8
[34]周立芳,钱积新.具有死区非线性补偿的预测控制.自动化与仪器仪表,2001,10(1) :4~6
[35] Oboe R., Antonello R., Capretta P.. Realization of an adaptive voltage driver for voice coil motor. Microsystem Technologies, 2005, 41(2): 784~790
[36] Chateauneuf F., Deutsch C., Soucy M.A.. Recent Developments on the ACE-FTS Instruments. Proceedings of SPIE, 2002,5(4486):393~402
[37]刘和平,严利平,张学锋等. TMS320LF240x DSP结构、原理及应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2002. 1~46, 113~185
[38]王保刚.一种直流电机双闭环调速单元工作原理的分析与设计.河南大学学报, 1996,(4):31～36
[39] Wiace A., Yashcov D., Strong K., et al. A new high-resolution fourier transform infrared spectrometer for ground-based atmospheric measurements in Toronto. International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2002,6(1):48~50
[40] Akihiko K., Hideaki N., Jun T.. Conceptual Design of Solar Occultation FTS forInclined-orbit Satellite (SOFIS) on GCOM-A1. Proceedings of SPIE, 2000,1(4131):305~314
[41] Jeong J., Gweon D.G.. Optimal design of rotary-type voice coil motor using multisegmented magnet array for small form factor optical disk drive. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2007,46(5):2912~2914
[42]吴学东,王晓明,王宗培.摇臂式音圈电机的研制.测试技术, 1989(9): 39~41
[43]刘志刚,李世华.基于永磁同步电机模型辨识与补偿的自抗扰控制器.中国电机工程学报, 2008, 8(20): 118~123
[44]窦秀明,代作晓,华建文等.音圈电机驱动光谱仪动镜的数字控制.科学技术与工程, 2007, 7(17): 4292~4295
[45]张传伟,郭卫.直流电机双闭环调速系统仿真研究.机床与液压,2005 (2):112,128～129
[46]胡峣,殷德奎,王模昌.一种基于FPGA的音圈电机仿真系统.科学技术与工程, 2007,7 (2):174～18
[47] Krishnan T., Thadiappan M.. Fast-response DC motor speed control system. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1974,10(5):643~651
[2]顾聚兴.用于大气化学实验的傅里叶变换光谱仪的设计(上).红外月刊,2004,1 (10): 40～45
[3]董剑,余敏.傅立叶变换红外光谱仪.上海计量测试,2002,29 (4):40～42
[4]邢廷,龚惠兴.大气探测傅里叶变换光谱仪.遥感技术与应用,1999,14 (1):5～10
[5]金志煜,彭锦霞,王金堂.国外成象光谱仪的现状与未来.运载火箭与返回技术,1991,12 (2):25~29
[6]张大卫,冯晓梅.音圈电机的技术原理.中北大学学报(自然科学版),2006,27 (3):224～228
[7]黄章宋.摇臂式音圈电动机电磁参数的理论分析.微电机,1991,23,(2):13～16
[8]王建宇.步进电机在高精度小角度摆动系统中的应用.微特电机,1990,4(1): 15~17
[9] Plateaux J.J..微机控制高分辨率傅里叶变换光谱仪.红外,1989 (7): 31～36
[10] Chateauneuf F., Deutsch C., Soucy M.. Recent Developments on the ACE-FTS Instruments. Proceedings of SPIE, 2002,10(4486):393~402
[11] Oboe R., Marcassa F., Capretta P., et al. Realization of a hard disk drive head servo-positioning system with a voltage-driven voice-coil motor. Microsystem Technologies, 2003,9(4):271~281
[12] Oboe R., Marcassa F., Maiocchi G.. Voltage driven hard disk drive with voice coil model-based control. Microsystem Technologies, 2005, 11(3): 478~487
[13]杨琨,曾立波,许贤泽等.傅里叶红外光谱仪直线电机控制系统研究.现代科学仪器,2008,11 (4):112,31～34
[14] Liu C.S., Lin P.D., Lin P.H., et al. Design and characterization of miniature auto-focusing voice coil motor actuator for cell phone camera applications. IEEETransactions on Magnetics, 2009,45(1):155~159
[15] Hirano Y., Naruse J., Tsuchiyama R. Dynamic characteristics of a voice coil motor for a high performance disk drive. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 1989,25(4):3073~3075
[16]黄松章.摇臂式音圈电机简介.电机电气技术, 1987,1(4): 12
[17]黄声华,陶醒世,傅光洁.音圈电机的数学模型及仿真.华中理工大学学报, 1996, 24(2): 68~71
[18]罗敢,张彪.用于磁盘预光刻伺服图形音圈电机的设计.微特电机,1999,27,(2): 19~22
[19]陈伯时.电力拖动自动控制系统(第三版).北京:机械工业出版社, 1997. 97~110,169~184
[20]尹泉,文思国,王庆义等.大功率永磁同步驱动系统位置反馈分析与设计.电力电子技术, 2006, 40(6): 102~103, 139
[21]徐余波,许贤泽,童爱清.基于DSP的音圈电机调速系统研制.机电产品开发与创新,2005,18 (6):106～108
[22]文思国.基于旋转变压器反馈的全数字交流永磁同步伺服系统设计: [硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学大学图书馆, 2006
[23] Yu H.C., Lee T.Y., Wang S.J.. Design of a voice coil motor used in the focusing a system of a digital video camera. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2005,41(10):3979~3981
[24] Oboe R., Marcassa F., Capretta P., et al. Realization of a hard disk drive head servo-positioning system with a voltage-driven voice-coil motor. Microsystem Technologies, 2003,9(4): 271~281
[25] Soucy M., Chateauneuf F., Deutsch C.. ACE-FTS Instrument Detailed Design. Proceedings of SPIE, 2002,1(4814):70~82
[26]徐枋同,李永华,王学武.双环直流脉宽调速系统动态模型辨识.电气传动, 1993, 23 (2): 36~41
[27]孙德宝,王永骥.自动控制原理.北京:化学工业出版社, 2002. 181~245
[28]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术(第四版).北京:机械工业出版社, 2000. 43~90,150~169
[29]黄永安,马路,刘慧敏. MATLAB7.0/Simulink6.0建模仿真开发与高级工程应用.北京:清华大学出版社, 2005. 123~139,215~235
[30] Lai M.F., Chang C.. Fuzzy logic in the phase-locked loop DC motor speed control system. IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, 1997,1(3):1222~1227
[31] Le H.H., Mercier O.L.. A synchronous DC motor speed control system. Proceedings of the IEEE, 1989,64(3):394~395
[32]李全臣,蒋月娟.光谱仪原理.北京:北京理工大学出版社, 1993. 279~283
[33]金孚安.数字PID算法中的微分饱和与积分饱和问题.微机发展, 2001,11(6): 6~8
[34]周立芳,钱积新.具有死区非线性补偿的预测控制.自动化与仪器仪表,2001,10(1) :4~6
[35] Oboe R., Antonello R., Capretta P.. Realization of an adaptive voltage driver for voice coil motor. Microsystem Technologies, 2005, 41(2): 784~790
[36] Chateauneuf F., Deutsch C., Soucy M.A.. Recent Developments on the ACE-FTS Instruments. Proceedings of SPIE, 2002,5(4486):393~402
[37]刘和平,严利平,张学锋等. TMS320LF240x DSP结构、原理及应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2002. 1~46, 113~185
[38]王保刚.一种直流电机双闭环调速单元工作原理的分析与设计.河南大学学报, 1996,(4):31～36
[39] Wiace A., Yashcov D., Strong K., et al. A new high-resolution fourier transform infrared spectrometer for ground-based atmospheric measurements in Toronto. International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2002,6(1):48~50
[40] Akihiko K., Hideaki N., Jun T.. Conceptual Design of Solar Occultation FTS forInclined-orbit Satellite (SOFIS) on GCOM-A1. Proceedings of SPIE, 2000,1(4131):305~314
[41] Jeong J., Gweon D.G.. Optimal design of rotary-type voice coil motor using multisegmented magnet array for small form factor optical disk drive. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2007,46(5):2912~2914
[42]吴学东,王晓明,王宗培.摇臂式音圈电机的研制.测试技术, 1989(9): 39~41
[43]刘志刚,李世华.基于永磁同步电机模型辨识与补偿的自抗扰控制器.中国电机工程学报, 2008, 8(20): 118~123
[44]窦秀明,代作晓,华建文等.音圈电机驱动光谱仪动镜的数字控制.科学技术与工程, 2007, 7(17): 4292~4295
[45]张传伟,郭卫.直流电机双闭环调速系统仿真研究.机床与液压,2005 (2):112,128～129
[46]胡峣,殷德奎,王模昌.一种基于FPGA的音圈电机仿真系统.科学技术与工程, 2007,7 (2):174～18
[47] Krishnan T., Thadiappan M.. Fast-response DC motor speed control system. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1974,10(5):643~651