开门窗洞口的冷弯薄壁型钢组合墙体抗剪性能
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摘要
本文在查阅大量文献的基础上,采用非线性有限元分析方法,对冷弯薄壁型钢结构住宅体系中开口组合墙体的抗剪性能进行研究。
文中参照实际工程,设计了单面石膏板组合墙体验证试件和另外13块组合墙体试件,其中一个是不开口试件,其余为开口试件。
对单调加载作用下的所有试件进行有限元分析模拟,同时考虑了材料非线性和几何非线性问题,采用塑性壳单元Shell181模拟组合墙体各构件,墙体骨架立柱和骨架横梁之间以及骨架与墙面板之间的自攻螺钉连接处均采用耦合的方法处理,非线性方程组的求解方法有ANSYS程序自动选择。对于验证试件,有限元分析结果与试验值吻合良好,从而证明了有限元分析方法的正确性和可行性。在此基础上,对3600mm(宽)×3000mm(高)的冷弯薄壁型钢组合墙体,在无开口、开口情形下抗剪承载力进行分析,结果表明:组合墙体抗剪承载力随洞口宽度增加显著降低;随洞口高度增加而降低较小;组合墙体初始剪切模量随洞口宽度增加显著降低;随洞口高度增加降低较小。
最后,根据研究结果为开洞组合墙体设计提出一些合理建议。
This paper mainly presents detailed results on the shear resistance of cold-formed steel stud walls with openings in residential structures by nonlinear finite element analysis based on consulting a lot of documents.
In light of the actual engineering, the test specimen ,including assembled walls with single-gypsum and the other 13 walls with gypsum sheathing on the back and oriented strand board on the face, one of which is not open specimen, the remaining are openings, are designed.
Nonlinear finite element analysis involving geometric large deformation and materials nonlinear is used to simulate all specimens under monotonic load in this paper. Members are modeled as shell elements shell181. The steel members are simply connected. The screws connecting of the sheathings to the frame are modeled through coupling methods. The equation resolution method is selected by ANSYS program automatically. The finite element analysis results are in good agreement with experimental data of the test specimen, so the finite element analysis method is correct. Via this method,the paper analyzes the influence of openings in the 3600 mm (W)×3000mm (H) cold-steel composited walls in the absence of openings and openings to shear-resistance. The analysis results show that the width of hole has greater influences to the shear-resistance and shear modulus of walls,while the height of hole has little influences.With the broaden of hole, the wall’s shear-resistance and initial shear modulus have clearly decreased,but with the heighten of hole ,the shear-resistance and initial shear modulus have decreased not so clearly. Finally, according to research findings ,some reasonable proposals are obtained for designing of the composited walls with openings.
文中参照实际工程,设计了单面石膏板组合墙体验证试件和另外13块组合墙体试件,其中一个是不开口试件,其余为开口试件。
对单调加载作用下的所有试件进行有限元分析模拟,同时考虑了材料非线性和几何非线性问题,采用塑性壳单元Shell181模拟组合墙体各构件,墙体骨架立柱和骨架横梁之间以及骨架与墙面板之间的自攻螺钉连接处均采用耦合的方法处理,非线性方程组的求解方法有ANSYS程序自动选择。对于验证试件,有限元分析结果与试验值吻合良好,从而证明了有限元分析方法的正确性和可行性。在此基础上,对3600mm(宽)×3000mm(高)的冷弯薄壁型钢组合墙体,在无开口、开口情形下抗剪承载力进行分析,结果表明:组合墙体抗剪承载力随洞口宽度增加显著降低;随洞口高度增加而降低较小;组合墙体初始剪切模量随洞口宽度增加显著降低;随洞口高度增加降低较小。
最后,根据研究结果为开洞组合墙体设计提出一些合理建议。
This paper mainly presents detailed results on the shear resistance of cold-formed steel stud walls with openings in residential structures by nonlinear finite element analysis based on consulting a lot of documents.
In light of the actual engineering, the test specimen ,including assembled walls with single-gypsum and the other 13 walls with gypsum sheathing on the back and oriented strand board on the face, one of which is not open specimen, the remaining are openings, are designed.
Nonlinear finite element analysis involving geometric large deformation and materials nonlinear is used to simulate all specimens under monotonic load in this paper. Members are modeled as shell elements shell181. The steel members are simply connected. The screws connecting of the sheathings to the frame are modeled through coupling methods. The equation resolution method is selected by ANSYS program automatically. The finite element analysis results are in good agreement with experimental data of the test specimen, so the finite element analysis method is correct. Via this method,the paper analyzes the influence of openings in the 3600 mm (W)×3000mm (H) cold-steel composited walls in the absence of openings and openings to shear-resistance. The analysis results show that the width of hole has greater influences to the shear-resistance and shear modulus of walls,while the height of hole has little influences.With the broaden of hole, the wall’s shear-resistance and initial shear modulus have clearly decreased,but with the heighten of hole ,the shear-resistance and initial shear modulus have decreased not so clearly. Finally, according to research findings ,some reasonable proposals are obtained for designing of the composited walls with openings.
引文
[1] 舒赣平,孟宪得,王培. 轻钢住宅结构体系及其应用[J].工业建筑,2001,31(8):1-4
[2] 周绪红,石宇,周天华等. 低层冷弯薄壁型钢结构住宅体系[J]. 建筑科学与工程学报, 2005,22(2):1-14
[3] 彭晓彤,林晨,满杰. 轻钢结构住宅体系发展现状[J]. 四川建筑科学研究, 2005,31(6):18-21
[4] 中华人民共和国建设部.低层冷弯薄壁型钢结构装配式住宅技术要求(JG/T182-2005)[S].
[5] Young-ki Lee,Thomas H Miller. Axial Strength Detrmination for Ypsum-Sheathed, Cold -Formed Steel Wall Stud Composite Panels[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering,2001,127(6):608-615
[6] 潘红晓,刘承宗. 轻型钢骨结构低层住宅设计荷载分析[J]. 建筑钢结构展,2003,5(3):60-64
[7] 丁成章.轻钢(木)骨架住宅结构设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005.
[8] 梁小青等. 北新多层轻钢住宅课题研究总报告[EB/OL]. http://www.chinahouse.gov.cn/zjlt9/9470.htm
[9] 弓晓芸,严虹. 浅谈轻钢结构低层住宅[J].钢结构住宅建筑, 2001,16(56):27-29
[10] 吴广珊,华兰,徐均.轻钢结构住宅体系及其应用与发展[J].上海应用技术学院学报, 2003,3(4):227-230
[11] 童悦仲,刘美霞.澳大利亚冷弯薄壁轻钢结构体系 [EB/OL]. http://www.chinahouse.gov.cn/xnrd3/3a152.htm
[12] 中华人民共和国建设部.《中国建筑技术政策》(1996~年2010年)[S]. 北京:中国城市出版社,1998.
[13] North American Steel Framing Alliance (NASFA ). Prescriptive method for residential cold-formed steel framing[S]. Year 2000 Edition.
[14] Y L Liew, C F Duffield,E F Gad.The influence of plasterboard clad walls on the structural behavior of low rise residential buildings[J].Electronic Journal of Structural Enginerring, 2002,2(1): 1-16
[15] Anton Polenske.Finite Element Analysis of Wood-Stud Walls[J].Journal of Structural Division, 1976,102(7):1317-1335
[16] J T. Easley, M Foomani,R H Dodds. Formulas for Wood Shear Walls [J]. Journal of Structural Division, 1982,108(11):2460-2478
[17] Rafik Y Itani ,Chung K Cheung. Nonlinear Analysis of Sheathed Wood Diaphragms [J]. Journal of Structural Engineering,1984,110(9):2137-2147
[18] Kasal B, Leichti R J, Itani R Y. Nonlinear Finite Element Model of Complete Light-Frame Wood Structure[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1994,120(1):100-119
[19] Ming He, Henrik Magnusson, Frank Lam, et al. Cyclic Performance of Perforated Wood ShearWalls with Oversize OSB Panels[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1999, 125(1):10-18
[20] Jennifer Durham, Frank Lam, Hehnut G L Prion. Seismic Resistance of Wood Shear Walls with Large OSB Panels[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering,2001,127(12):1460-1466
[21] 日本建筑学会.《木質構造設計ノート》
[22] Tarpy T S,&Hauenstein S F. Effect of Construction Details on Shear Resistance of Steel-stud Wall Panels[R].Vanderbilt University. Nashville, TN, USA.A research project sponsored by American Iron and Steel Institute. 1978, Project No.1:201-412
[23] Tarpy T S. Shear resistance of steel-stud wall panels [J]. In Proceedings of the 5th International Specialty Conference on Cold-formed Steel Structures. St. Louis, MO, USA.1980
[24] Tarpy T S,Guard J D. Shear Resistance of Steel-stud Wall Panels [J]. In Proceedings of the 6th International Specialty Conference on Cold-formed Steel Structures. St. Louis, MO, USA. 1982
[25] Serrette R, Ogunfunmi K. Shear Resistance of Gypsum-sheathed Light-gauge Steel Stud Walls[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering,1996,122(4):383-389
[26] Serrette R, Encalada J, Juadines M,et al. Static Racking Behavior of Plywood, OSB, Gypsum and Fiberboard Walls with Metal Framing[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1997,123(8):1079-1086
[27] Serrette, R., Nguyen, H., Hall, G. Shear Wall Values for Light Weight Steel Framing[R]. Report No. LGSRG-3-96, Light Gauge Steel Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, Santa Clara University. SantaClara, CA, USA 1996
[28] Serrette R ,HaII G, Nguyen H. Dynamic Performance of Light Gauge Steel Framed Shear Walls[J]. In Proceedings of the 13th International Specialty Conference on Cold-formed Steel Structures. St.Louis,MO,USA. 1996
[29] Gad E F, Duffield C F, Hutchinson G L, et al.Lateral Performance of Cold-formed Steel-framed Domestic Structures [J]. Engineering Structures, 1999,21(1):83-95
[30] Gad E F,Chandler A M,Duffield C F,et al.Lateral Behaviour of Plasterboard-clad Residential Steel Frames[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 1999,125(1):32-39
[31] NAHB Research Center. Monotonic Tests of Cold-formed Steel Shear Walls with Openings [R]. (NAHB)National Association of Home Builders. Upper Marlboro, MD, USA.1997
[32] Salenikovich A J,Dolan J D,Easterling WS. Racking Performance of Long Steel-frame Shear Walls[J]. In Proceedings of the 15th International Specialty Conference on Cold-formed Steel Structures, St.Louis, MO,USA.2000
[33] 朱勇军,张耀春,刘锡良.蒙皮支撑柱的静力性能分析[J].建筑结构学报,1999,20(56):31-37
[34] 上海市建筑产品推荐性应用标准. MB-1轻钢龙骨体系低层装配式房屋技术规程(DBJ/CT011-2001)[S]. 上海,2001
[35] 陈剑,王新堂. 轻钢结构开洞蒙皮体蒙皮效应的试验研究[J].宁波大学学报(理工版), 2005,18(3):357-360
[36] 钟亚军. 冷弯型钢低层住宅房屋体系墙体立柱的性能研究[D]. 西安建筑科技大学硕士毕业论文,2002
[37] 刘前进,何保康,周天华等. 低层冷弯型钢房屋墙体立柱承载力试验研究[J].钢结构,2004,19(73):26-29.
[38] 何保康,郭丽峰,周天华等. 轻钢密墙架柱墙体抗剪性能试验研究[J].建筑结构增刊,2004(8):338-341
[39] 郭丽峰,何保康. 轻型密立柱墙体的抗剪和抗弯性能试验研究报告[R].西安建筑科技大学钢结构研究所,2003.6
[40] 郭丽峰. 轻钢密墙架柱墙体的抗剪性能研究[D].西安建筑科技大学硕士毕业论文,2004
[41] 夏冰青. 轻钢龙骨复合承载体系结构性能研究[D].南京工业大学硕士毕业论文,2003
[42] 夏冰青,董军. 轻钢龙骨复合承载墙体抗侧性能的有限元分析[J].建筑结构增刊,2004.8
[43] 石宇. 低层冷弯薄壁型钢结构住宅组合墙体抗剪承载力研究[D].长安大学硕十毕业论文,2005
[44] 张雪娇.轻钢龙骨体系住宅抗震性能研究[D].南京工业大学硕士毕业论文,2005
[45] 聂少锋.冷弯型钢立柱组合墙体抗剪承载力简化计算方法研究[D].长安大学硕十毕业论文,2006
[46] 博弈创作室. ANSYS 9.0经典产品基础教程与实例详解[M]. 中国水利水电出版社,2006
[47] 陈惠发,A F 萨里普 著,余天庆,王勋文,刘再华 编译.弹性与塑性力学[M],北京,中国建筑工业出版社
[48] 中华人民共和国国家标准. 冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范 (GB50018-2002)[S]. 中国计划出版社,2002
[49] 中华人民共和国行业标准. 建筑抗震试验方法规程 (JGJ 101-1996)[S]. 中国建筑工业出版社,1997
[2] 周绪红,石宇,周天华等. 低层冷弯薄壁型钢结构住宅体系[J]. 建筑科学与工程学报, 2005,22(2):1-14
[3] 彭晓彤,林晨,满杰. 轻钢结构住宅体系发展现状[J]. 四川建筑科学研究, 2005,31(6):18-21
[4] 中华人民共和国建设部.低层冷弯薄壁型钢结构装配式住宅技术要求(JG/T182-2005)[S].
[5] Young-ki Lee,Thomas H Miller. Axial Strength Detrmination for Ypsum-Sheathed, Cold -Formed Steel Wall Stud Composite Panels[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering,2001,127(6):608-615
[6] 潘红晓,刘承宗. 轻型钢骨结构低层住宅设计荷载分析[J]. 建筑钢结构展,2003,5(3):60-64
[7] 丁成章.轻钢(木)骨架住宅结构设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005.
[8] 梁小青等. 北新多层轻钢住宅课题研究总报告[EB/OL]. http://www.chinahouse.gov.cn/zjlt9/9470.htm
[9] 弓晓芸,严虹. 浅谈轻钢结构低层住宅[J].钢结构住宅建筑, 2001,16(56):27-29
[10] 吴广珊,华兰,徐均.轻钢结构住宅体系及其应用与发展[J].上海应用技术学院学报, 2003,3(4):227-230
[11] 童悦仲,刘美霞.澳大利亚冷弯薄壁轻钢结构体系 [EB/OL]. http://www.chinahouse.gov.cn/xnrd3/3a152.htm
[12] 中华人民共和国建设部.《中国建筑技术政策》(1996~年2010年)[S]. 北京:中国城市出版社,1998.
[13] North American Steel Framing Alliance (NASFA ). Prescriptive method for residential cold-formed steel framing[S]. Year 2000 Edition.
[14] Y L Liew, C F Duffield,E F Gad.The influence of plasterboard clad walls on the structural behavior of low rise residential buildings[J].Electronic Journal of Structural Enginerring, 2002,2(1): 1-16
[15] Anton Polenske.Finite Element Analysis of Wood-Stud Walls[J].Journal of Structural Division, 1976,102(7):1317-1335
[16] J T. Easley, M Foomani,R H Dodds. Formulas for Wood Shear Walls [J]. Journal of Structural Division, 1982,108(11):2460-2478
[17] Rafik Y Itani ,Chung K Cheung. Nonlinear Analysis of Sheathed Wood Diaphragms [J]. Journal of Structural Engineering,1984,110(9):2137-2147
[18] Kasal B, Leichti R J, Itani R Y. Nonlinear Finite Element Model of Complete Light-Frame Wood Structure[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1994,120(1):100-119
[19] Ming He, Henrik Magnusson, Frank Lam, et al. Cyclic Performance of Perforated Wood ShearWalls with Oversize OSB Panels[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1999, 125(1):10-18
[20] Jennifer Durham, Frank Lam, Hehnut G L Prion. Seismic Resistance of Wood Shear Walls with Large OSB Panels[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering,2001,127(12):1460-1466
[21] 日本建筑学会.《木質構造設計ノート》
[22] Tarpy T S,&Hauenstein S F. Effect of Construction Details on Shear Resistance of Steel-stud Wall Panels[R].Vanderbilt University. Nashville, TN, USA.A research project sponsored by American Iron and Steel Institute. 1978, Project No.1:201-412
[23] Tarpy T S. Shear resistance of steel-stud wall panels [J]. In Proceedings of the 5th International Specialty Conference on Cold-formed Steel Structures. St. Louis, MO, USA.1980
[24] Tarpy T S,Guard J D. Shear Resistance of Steel-stud Wall Panels [J]. In Proceedings of the 6th International Specialty Conference on Cold-formed Steel Structures. St. Louis, MO, USA. 1982
[25] Serrette R, Ogunfunmi K. Shear Resistance of Gypsum-sheathed Light-gauge Steel Stud Walls[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering,1996,122(4):383-389
[26] Serrette R, Encalada J, Juadines M,et al. Static Racking Behavior of Plywood, OSB, Gypsum and Fiberboard Walls with Metal Framing[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1997,123(8):1079-1086
[27] Serrette, R., Nguyen, H., Hall, G. Shear Wall Values for Light Weight Steel Framing[R]. Report No. LGSRG-3-96, Light Gauge Steel Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, Santa Clara University. SantaClara, CA, USA 1996
[28] Serrette R ,HaII G, Nguyen H. Dynamic Performance of Light Gauge Steel Framed Shear Walls[J]. In Proceedings of the 13th International Specialty Conference on Cold-formed Steel Structures. St.Louis,MO,USA. 1996
[29] Gad E F, Duffield C F, Hutchinson G L, et al.Lateral Performance of Cold-formed Steel-framed Domestic Structures [J]. Engineering Structures, 1999,21(1):83-95
[30] Gad E F,Chandler A M,Duffield C F,et al.Lateral Behaviour of Plasterboard-clad Residential Steel Frames[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 1999,125(1):32-39
[31] NAHB Research Center. Monotonic Tests of Cold-formed Steel Shear Walls with Openings [R]. (NAHB)National Association of Home Builders. Upper Marlboro, MD, USA.1997
[32] Salenikovich A J,Dolan J D,Easterling WS. Racking Performance of Long Steel-frame Shear Walls[J]. In Proceedings of the 15th International Specialty Conference on Cold-formed Steel Structures, St.Louis, MO,USA.2000
[33] 朱勇军,张耀春,刘锡良.蒙皮支撑柱的静力性能分析[J].建筑结构学报,1999,20(56):31-37
[34] 上海市建筑产品推荐性应用标准. MB-1轻钢龙骨体系低层装配式房屋技术规程(DBJ/CT011-2001)[S]. 上海,2001
[35] 陈剑,王新堂. 轻钢结构开洞蒙皮体蒙皮效应的试验研究[J].宁波大学学报(理工版), 2005,18(3):357-360
[36] 钟亚军. 冷弯型钢低层住宅房屋体系墙体立柱的性能研究[D]. 西安建筑科技大学硕士毕业论文,2002
[37] 刘前进,何保康,周天华等. 低层冷弯型钢房屋墙体立柱承载力试验研究[J].钢结构,2004,19(73):26-29.
[38] 何保康,郭丽峰,周天华等. 轻钢密墙架柱墙体抗剪性能试验研究[J].建筑结构增刊,2004(8):338-341
[39] 郭丽峰,何保康. 轻型密立柱墙体的抗剪和抗弯性能试验研究报告[R].西安建筑科技大学钢结构研究所,2003.6
[40] 郭丽峰. 轻钢密墙架柱墙体的抗剪性能研究[D].西安建筑科技大学硕士毕业论文,2004
[41] 夏冰青. 轻钢龙骨复合承载体系结构性能研究[D].南京工业大学硕士毕业论文,2003
[42] 夏冰青,董军. 轻钢龙骨复合承载墙体抗侧性能的有限元分析[J].建筑结构增刊,2004.8
[43] 石宇. 低层冷弯薄壁型钢结构住宅组合墙体抗剪承载力研究[D].长安大学硕十毕业论文,2005
[44] 张雪娇.轻钢龙骨体系住宅抗震性能研究[D].南京工业大学硕士毕业论文,2005
[45] 聂少锋.冷弯型钢立柱组合墙体抗剪承载力简化计算方法研究[D].长安大学硕十毕业论文,2006
[46] 博弈创作室. ANSYS 9.0经典产品基础教程与实例详解[M]. 中国水利水电出版社,2006
[47] 陈惠发,A F 萨里普 著,余天庆,王勋文,刘再华 编译.弹性与塑性力学[M],北京,中国建筑工业出版社
[48] 中华人民共和国国家标准. 冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范 (GB50018-2002)[S]. 中国计划出版社,2002
[49] 中华人民共和国行业标准. 建筑抗震试验方法规程 (JGJ 101-1996)[S]. 中国建筑工业出版社,1997