新农村背景下的村民自治研究
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摘要
村民自治是在农村经济体制改革深入发展中产生和形成的,是农村政治体制改革和民主政治建设的重要成果。村民自治的推广,有力地推动了我国农村经济的发展和社会的稳定,中国民主化进程从此迈出重要一步。然而,中国农村村民自治在取得显著成效的同时,我们也应当看到,村民自治在实践发展中产生了许多需要认真研究和亟待解决的问题。如村民自治发展的不平衡性、村委会的“双重角色”与村民自治基本原则之间的矛盾、乡镇政权机关与村民委员会的矛盾、村党支部与村民委员会的矛盾、民主选举中存在的问题、村民的参与程度与参与态度问题等。科学地分析和研究实践中存在的问题,是促进村民自治有效运作、发展完善的必要条件。
为此,党和政府必须转变领导方式,加强对村民自治的引导,完善相关的法律法规,提高村干部的整体素质,以进一步促进村民自治的发展和完善。
论文共分四个部分:
第一部分绪论。阐明研究的背景及意义,介绍现阶段国内对于村民自治的研究概况,并且在引言的最后部分界定了论文写作过程中的研究方法与创新之处。
第二部分介绍我国村民自治在建设社会主义新农村中的重要意义和所取得的主要成就。
第三部分是文章的核心部分,对我国村民自治中存在的问题进行了深入地分析和研究,探寻其中的内在深层次原因。本文认为存在的问题主要有四个方面:村民自治发展不平衡问题;乡镇政府与村民委员会和村党支部与村民委员会之间的矛盾问题;村委会选举中存在的问题等。存在这些问题的主要原因是经济发展的不平衡;法律制度的缺失;乡镇政府与村民自治内在的矛盾:党组织自身建设的不完善;干部、群众素质的制约等。
第四部分提出相关完善村民自治的路径分析。本文从全面繁荣农村经济;规范“两委”之间的关系;完善村民自治的法律体系;加强农村精神文明建设等四个方面提出完善我国村民自治的对策建议。
The Villagers' self-government has come into being and formed in the through development of rural economic restructuring and it is also an construction.To promote village self-government gave a strong impetus to China's rural economic development and social stability, the democratization process in China from an important step.However, We have also found a lot of questions which we must treat, discuss and resolve seriously While we found the remarkable effect in the Practice of the Villagers' self-government in Chinese countryside, such as no balance in the development of the Villagers' self-government, the contradiction between"the twofold role"of the village committee and the basic principle of the Villagers' self-government, the contradiction between village committee and towns government organizations and the Villagers' self-government,the contradiction between the branch of the Chinese Communist Party and village committee, the question of democratic election and the Villagers' percentage participating and so on. Recognizing and analysing scientifically these questions existing in the practice are indispensable factors promoting the effective function, development and perfection of the Villagers' self-government.
For this reason,the Party and the government must strengthen the lendship and the guidance to the Villagers' self-governnoent, perfect the laws and regulations of the Villagers' self-government,strive to enhance the Whole character of the village's leaders, promote the perfection and the development of the Villagers' self-government further.
This essay consists of four parts.
The first part is preface.It focuses on the background and sense of this research.Besides it,introducing the researching general situationg on villager autonomy domestic.At the back of preface, sensed the research methods and innovations in the course of writing this essay.
The second part describes our village autonomy in building a new socialist countryside and the importance of the main achievements.
The third part is the core of the essay on problems in Villagers' self-government conducted in-depth analysis and research, to explore one of the inherent deep-seated reasons. This essay argues that problems are mainly five areas: the problems of uneven development of Villagers' self-government; township government and Villagers' committee and Villagers' party branches and the contradictions between the Villagers' committee issues; the Villagers' committee election problem; Villagers' participation in the issue and so on. The main reason of these problems is the imbalance of economic development; the absence of the legal system; township government and Villagers'self-government inherent contradictions; party imperfect self-construction; cadres and the masses of the quality of constraint.
The fourth part presents the relevant improve the Villagers' self-government path analysis. This essay from the overall prosperity of the rural economy; norms "two committees," the relationship between; improve the Villagers' self-government legal system; strengthen the building of spiritual civilization in rural areas in four aspects of a complete set of measures and proposals for our village autonomy.
为此,党和政府必须转变领导方式,加强对村民自治的引导,完善相关的法律法规,提高村干部的整体素质,以进一步促进村民自治的发展和完善。
论文共分四个部分:
第一部分绪论。阐明研究的背景及意义,介绍现阶段国内对于村民自治的研究概况,并且在引言的最后部分界定了论文写作过程中的研究方法与创新之处。
第二部分介绍我国村民自治在建设社会主义新农村中的重要意义和所取得的主要成就。
第三部分是文章的核心部分,对我国村民自治中存在的问题进行了深入地分析和研究,探寻其中的内在深层次原因。本文认为存在的问题主要有四个方面:村民自治发展不平衡问题;乡镇政府与村民委员会和村党支部与村民委员会之间的矛盾问题;村委会选举中存在的问题等。存在这些问题的主要原因是经济发展的不平衡;法律制度的缺失;乡镇政府与村民自治内在的矛盾:党组织自身建设的不完善;干部、群众素质的制约等。
第四部分提出相关完善村民自治的路径分析。本文从全面繁荣农村经济;规范“两委”之间的关系;完善村民自治的法律体系;加强农村精神文明建设等四个方面提出完善我国村民自治的对策建议。
The Villagers' self-government has come into being and formed in the through development of rural economic restructuring and it is also an construction.To promote village self-government gave a strong impetus to China's rural economic development and social stability, the democratization process in China from an important step.However, We have also found a lot of questions which we must treat, discuss and resolve seriously While we found the remarkable effect in the Practice of the Villagers' self-government in Chinese countryside, such as no balance in the development of the Villagers' self-government, the contradiction between"the twofold role"of the village committee and the basic principle of the Villagers' self-government, the contradiction between village committee and towns government organizations and the Villagers' self-government,the contradiction between the branch of the Chinese Communist Party and village committee, the question of democratic election and the Villagers' percentage participating and so on. Recognizing and analysing scientifically these questions existing in the practice are indispensable factors promoting the effective function, development and perfection of the Villagers' self-government.
For this reason,the Party and the government must strengthen the lendship and the guidance to the Villagers' self-governnoent, perfect the laws and regulations of the Villagers' self-government,strive to enhance the Whole character of the village's leaders, promote the perfection and the development of the Villagers' self-government further.
This essay consists of four parts.
The first part is preface.It focuses on the background and sense of this research.Besides it,introducing the researching general situationg on villager autonomy domestic.At the back of preface, sensed the research methods and innovations in the course of writing this essay.
The second part describes our village autonomy in building a new socialist countryside and the importance of the main achievements.
The third part is the core of the essay on problems in Villagers' self-government conducted in-depth analysis and research, to explore one of the inherent deep-seated reasons. This essay argues that problems are mainly five areas: the problems of uneven development of Villagers' self-government; township government and Villagers' committee and Villagers' party branches and the contradictions between the Villagers' committee issues; the Villagers' committee election problem; Villagers' participation in the issue and so on. The main reason of these problems is the imbalance of economic development; the absence of the legal system; township government and Villagers'self-government inherent contradictions; party imperfect self-construction; cadres and the masses of the quality of constraint.
The fourth part presents the relevant improve the Villagers' self-government path analysis. This essay from the overall prosperity of the rural economy; norms "two committees," the relationship between; improve the Villagers' self-government legal system; strengthen the building of spiritual civilization in rural areas in four aspects of a complete set of measures and proposals for our village autonomy.
引文
[1]马克思恩格斯选集(1-4卷)[M]北京;人民出版社,1995
[2]毛泽东选集(1-4卷)[M]北京;人民出版社,1995
[3]邓小平选集(1-4卷)[M]北京;人民出版社,1995
[4]中国共产党第十五次代表大会报告[z]
[5]中国共产党第十六届五中全会报告[Z]
[6]中国共产党第十七次代表大会报告[Z]
[7]程同顺:农民组织与政治发展--再论中国农民的组织化[M]天津;天津人民出版社,2006
[8]张厚安、徐勇:中国农村村级治理[M]武汉;华中师范大学出版社,2000
[9]郑有贵、武力:解决‘三农'问题之路[M]北京;中国经济出版社,2004
[10]徐勇:乡村治理与中国政治[M]北京;中国社会科学出版社,2003
[11]白钢、赵寿星:选举与治理--中国村民自治研究[M]北京;中国社会科学出版社,2001
[12]王伟光主编:建设社会主义新农村的理论与实践[M]北京;中共忠言党校出版社,2006
[13]翟振元:中国社会主义新农村建设研究[M]北京;社会科学文学出版社,2006
[14]马锦燕:农村基层党内民主建设研究--以村民自治为背景[M]四川;四川人民出版社,2005
[15]艾理生:农村基层党组织与社会主义新农村建设问题探析[J]湖南;衡阳师范学院学报,2007
[16]张厚安等:中国农村村级治--22个村的调查与比较[M]湖北;华中师范大学出版社,2000
[17]王振耀等:中国村民自治前沿[M]北京;中国社会科学出版社,2000
[18]辛秋水:中国村民自治[M]安徽;黄山书社,1999
[19]王仲田,詹成付:乡村政治[M]江西;江西人民出版社,1999
[20]米有录、王爱平:静悄悄的革命[M]北京;中国社会出版社,1999
[21]仝志辉:村民自治与农村社会稳定[J]北京;国家行政学院学报,2002年第2期
[22]关颖:和谐社会背景下的村民自治研究--以A、B两镇为例[D]中国学位论文全文库,2007年6月
[23]张志荣、杨海蛟:基层民主与社会发展[M]北京;世界知识出版社,2001
[24]徐勇:中国农村村民自治[M]湖北;华中师范大学出版社,1997
[25]金太军:政治的基本问题与中国政治体制改革[M]山东;文史哲,2000年第5期
[26]史卫民:公选与直选[M]北京;中国社会科学出版社,2000
[27]何包钢、郎友兴:寻找民主与权威的平衡--浙江村民选举的经验[M]湖北,华中师范大学出版社,2002
[28]沈延生:村政的兴衰与重建[J]北京;战略与管理,1998年第6期
[29]王贵生:村级选举工作中存在的问题及建议[J]北京;乡镇论坛,1997年第2期
[30]曹立为:任重道远--看村民委员会选举的问题及其完善[R]1998年暑假调查报告
[31]边维:关于村民委员会选举的调查报告[R]1998年暑假调查报告
[32]傅伯言、汤乐毅、陈小青:中国村官[M]南方日报出版社,2001
[33]连继民、张君:由乱到治的“上访村”[J]南方周末,2000年
[34]刘祥龙:新农村建设背景下的村民自治问题研究[D]中国学位论文全文库,2007.
[35]孙吉海、闵林霞:村民自治所面临的困境分析[J]南方论刊,2006,4(4):20.
[36]周鹏:社会主义新农村建设中村民自治制度研究[D]中国学位论文全文库,2008.
[2]毛泽东选集(1-4卷)[M]北京;人民出版社,1995
[3]邓小平选集(1-4卷)[M]北京;人民出版社,1995
[4]中国共产党第十五次代表大会报告[z]
[5]中国共产党第十六届五中全会报告[Z]
[6]中国共产党第十七次代表大会报告[Z]
[7]程同顺:农民组织与政治发展--再论中国农民的组织化[M]天津;天津人民出版社,2006
[8]张厚安、徐勇:中国农村村级治理[M]武汉;华中师范大学出版社,2000
[9]郑有贵、武力:解决‘三农'问题之路[M]北京;中国经济出版社,2004
[10]徐勇:乡村治理与中国政治[M]北京;中国社会科学出版社,2003
[11]白钢、赵寿星:选举与治理--中国村民自治研究[M]北京;中国社会科学出版社,2001
[12]王伟光主编:建设社会主义新农村的理论与实践[M]北京;中共忠言党校出版社,2006
[13]翟振元:中国社会主义新农村建设研究[M]北京;社会科学文学出版社,2006
[14]马锦燕:农村基层党内民主建设研究--以村民自治为背景[M]四川;四川人民出版社,2005
[15]艾理生:农村基层党组织与社会主义新农村建设问题探析[J]湖南;衡阳师范学院学报,2007
[16]张厚安等:中国农村村级治--22个村的调查与比较[M]湖北;华中师范大学出版社,2000
[17]王振耀等:中国村民自治前沿[M]北京;中国社会科学出版社,2000
[18]辛秋水:中国村民自治[M]安徽;黄山书社,1999
[19]王仲田,詹成付:乡村政治[M]江西;江西人民出版社,1999
[20]米有录、王爱平:静悄悄的革命[M]北京;中国社会出版社,1999
[21]仝志辉:村民自治与农村社会稳定[J]北京;国家行政学院学报,2002年第2期
[22]关颖:和谐社会背景下的村民自治研究--以A、B两镇为例[D]中国学位论文全文库,2007年6月
[23]张志荣、杨海蛟:基层民主与社会发展[M]北京;世界知识出版社,2001
[24]徐勇:中国农村村民自治[M]湖北;华中师范大学出版社,1997
[25]金太军:政治的基本问题与中国政治体制改革[M]山东;文史哲,2000年第5期
[26]史卫民:公选与直选[M]北京;中国社会科学出版社,2000
[27]何包钢、郎友兴:寻找民主与权威的平衡--浙江村民选举的经验[M]湖北,华中师范大学出版社,2002
[28]沈延生:村政的兴衰与重建[J]北京;战略与管理,1998年第6期
[29]王贵生:村级选举工作中存在的问题及建议[J]北京;乡镇论坛,1997年第2期
[30]曹立为:任重道远--看村民委员会选举的问题及其完善[R]1998年暑假调查报告
[31]边维:关于村民委员会选举的调查报告[R]1998年暑假调查报告
[32]傅伯言、汤乐毅、陈小青:中国村官[M]南方日报出版社,2001
[33]连继民、张君:由乱到治的“上访村”[J]南方周末,2000年
[34]刘祥龙:新农村建设背景下的村民自治问题研究[D]中国学位论文全文库,2007.
[35]孙吉海、闵林霞:村民自治所面临的困境分析[J]南方论刊,2006,4(4):20.
[36]周鹏:社会主义新农村建设中村民自治制度研究[D]中国学位论文全文库,2008.