光反馈自混合干涉系统的参数测量
|
摘要
光反馈自混合干涉技术是一项精密测量技术，其系统结构简单、紧凑且易准直。鉴于它的高灵敏性、高精确性和非接触操作性，该项技术已经得到广泛的研究和应用，主要应用在几何量的传感测量与激光器参数测量等方面。
线宽展宽因数，即α参数，是半导体激光器的一个重要参数，半导体激光器的许多特性都与该参数的大小有关，如线宽、线形、模式稳定及注入锁定范围等。
本文利用光反馈自混合干涉技术测量半导体激光器线宽展宽因数，针对适度光反馈水平下外腔做简谐振动的系统进行了如下研究：
首先，研究了光反馈自混合干涉系统模型；研究了适度光反馈水平下的信号特点；阐述了适度光反馈水平下，基于光反馈白混合干涉技术测量半导体激光器参数的基本理论。
其次，针对适度光反馈水平下参数测量对信号特征点的要求，研究了信号的去噪问题及归一化处理问题。
最后，给出了适度光反馈水平下最佳测量条件，建立了线宽展宽因数的自动测量算法，并通过仿真和实验验证了算法的精确性和可行性。仿真结果表明算法测量精确度较高，α的相对误差小于4.96％。实验结果表明α的相对标准差为3.26％。
Optical feedback self-mixing interference(OFSMI) is a precise measuring technique,with the feature of simple, compact, and self-aligning. Based on the characteristic of high sensitiveness, high accuracy and un-touchment operation, the technology has been widly studied and applied in many fields,with its mainly application in geometry sensing parameters measurement and semiconductor laser parameters measurement.
The linewidth enhancement factor(LEF), also known asα-factor, has a great importance for semiconductor lasers(SLs). And it characterizes several aspects of SLs, such as the linewidth, the lineshape, the mode stability, the injection-locking range, and so on.
Theα-factor is measured by OFSMI technology in this paper. The moderate optical feedback self-mixing system is studied when the external cavity of semiconductor laser suffers a harmonic vibration. The following tasks are accomplished.
Firstly, the mode of OFSMI measurement system is studied in detail. Subsequently, the characteristic of OFSMI signal is studied at moderate feedback regime. The basic measuring theory of the semiconductor laser parameters based on OFSMI technique is illustrated at moderate feedback regime.
Secondly, the de-nosing problem and the normalization processing problem of the OFSMI signal are studied, according to the specific requirement for the signal at moderate optical feedback level.
Finally, an optimized measurement rule is given at moderate optical feedback regime. Based on the rule, an automatic measurement algorithm is developed used for measuring LEF. The feasibility and accuracy of the automatic measurement approach has been verified through simulation and experimentation. The simulation results show the algorithm is precise in measurement. The relative error ofαis less than 4.96%. In addition, the coherence and accuracy is proved by measured datum. The results show the relative standard deviation ofαis about 3.26%.
线宽展宽因数，即α参数，是半导体激光器的一个重要参数，半导体激光器的许多特性都与该参数的大小有关，如线宽、线形、模式稳定及注入锁定范围等。
本文利用光反馈自混合干涉技术测量半导体激光器线宽展宽因数，针对适度光反馈水平下外腔做简谐振动的系统进行了如下研究：
首先，研究了光反馈自混合干涉系统模型；研究了适度光反馈水平下的信号特点；阐述了适度光反馈水平下，基于光反馈白混合干涉技术测量半导体激光器参数的基本理论。
其次，针对适度光反馈水平下参数测量对信号特征点的要求，研究了信号的去噪问题及归一化处理问题。
最后，给出了适度光反馈水平下最佳测量条件，建立了线宽展宽因数的自动测量算法，并通过仿真和实验验证了算法的精确性和可行性。仿真结果表明算法测量精确度较高，α的相对误差小于4.96％。实验结果表明α的相对标准差为3.26％。
Optical feedback self-mixing interference(OFSMI) is a precise measuring technique,with the feature of simple, compact, and self-aligning. Based on the characteristic of high sensitiveness, high accuracy and un-touchment operation, the technology has been widly studied and applied in many fields,with its mainly application in geometry sensing parameters measurement and semiconductor laser parameters measurement.
The linewidth enhancement factor(LEF), also known asα-factor, has a great importance for semiconductor lasers(SLs). And it characterizes several aspects of SLs, such as the linewidth, the lineshape, the mode stability, the injection-locking range, and so on.
Theα-factor is measured by OFSMI technology in this paper. The moderate optical feedback self-mixing system is studied when the external cavity of semiconductor laser suffers a harmonic vibration. The following tasks are accomplished.
Firstly, the mode of OFSMI measurement system is studied in detail. Subsequently, the characteristic of OFSMI signal is studied at moderate feedback regime. The basic measuring theory of the semiconductor laser parameters based on OFSMI technique is illustrated at moderate feedback regime.
Secondly, the de-nosing problem and the normalization processing problem of the OFSMI signal are studied, according to the specific requirement for the signal at moderate optical feedback level.
Finally, an optimized measurement rule is given at moderate optical feedback regime. Based on the rule, an automatic measurement algorithm is developed used for measuring LEF. The feasibility and accuracy of the automatic measurement approach has been verified through simulation and experimentation. The simulation results show the algorithm is precise in measurement. The relative error ofαis less than 4.96%. In addition, the coherence and accuracy is proved by measured datum. The results show the relative standard deviation ofαis about 3.26%.
引文
[1] W.M.Wang,K.T.V.Grattan,A.W.Palmer.Self-mixing interference Inside a Single Mode Diode Laser for Optical Sensing Applications.IEEE J.Lightwave. 1994,12(9): 1577～1587.
[2] 孙晓明．半导体激光干涉理论及应用．国防工业出版社，1998,第1版：15～21．
[3] 禹延光，闫艳霞．仿真分析测量参数对光反馈自混合信号的影响．光学与光电技术,2005,3(5)：33～35,45．
[4] 禹延光，程明，强锡富．多重光反馈的激光自混合干涉．光学学报,2001,21(9)：1093～1098．
[5] 禹延光，姚健铨，叶会英．含预反馈的激光自混合干涉型位移测量结构．光学学报，2002，22(3)：308～312．
[6] H.Yasaka, Y.Yoshikuni, H.Kawaguchi. FM Noise and Spectral Line Width Reduction by Incoherent Optical Negative Feedback. IEEE J.Q.E. 1991, 27(2): 193～204.
[7] M.Fujiwara, K.Kubota, R.Long. Low-frequency Intensity Fluctuation in Laser Diode with External Optical Feedback. Appl.phys.letter, 1981, 38(4):217～220.
[8] G.A.Acket.The Intensity on Longitudinal Mode Properties and Optical Noise in Index-guided Semiconductor Laser. IEEE J.Q.E. 1984, 20(10):1163～1168.
[9] O.Hirota. Noise Properties of Injection Lasers Due to Reflected Waves .IEEE J.Q.E. 1979, 15(3): 142～149.
[10] R.O.Miles,A.Dandridge,A.B.Tveten.Feedback induced line broading in cw channel-substrate planar laser diades.Apply.phys.letter, 1981, 37(11):990～992.
[11] L.Goldberg.Spectral Characteristics of Seminconductor Laser with Optical Feedback. IEEE J.Q.E. 1982, 18(6):555～563.
[12] T.Chartier, B.Mezine, F.Sanchez. Optical Feedback Effects in Nd-Doped Fiber Lasers with Broadband Spectral. Apply.Opt., 1996, 32(12):2016～2022.
[13] B.Traomborg,J.Mork. Nonlinear Injection Locking Dymamics and the Onset of Coherence Collapse in External Cavity Laser. IEEE J.Q.E., 1990,26:642～654.
[14] J.Sacher, W.Elsasser, E.Gobel. Intermittency in the Coherence Collapse of a Semiconductor Laser with External Feedback. Phys. Rev. Letter. 1989, 63(20):224～227.
[15] N.Kikuchi. Chaos Control and Noise Suppression in External Cavity Semiconductor Laser. IEEE J.Q.E. 1997, 33(1):57～65.
[16] H.Li, J.Ye, J.G.Mcinerney. Detailed Analysis of coherence Collapse in Semiconductor Laser. IEEE J.Q.E. 1993, 29(9):2421～2431.
[17] D.Lenstra,B.H.Verbeek,A.J.Denoef.Coherence Collapse in Single Mode Semiconductor Laser Due to Optical Feedback. IEEE J.Q.E. 1985, 21(6):674～679.
[18] G.P.Agrawal.Line Norrowing in a Single Mode Injection Laser Due To External Optical Feedback. IEEE J.Q.E. 1984,20(5):468～471.
[19] M.J.Rudd. A later Doppler Belocimeter Employing the Laser as a Mixer Oscillator. J.Phys.E. 1968,1:723～726.
[20] J.H.Chrunside. Laser Doppler Velocimetry by Modulating a CO_2 Laser with Back Scattered Light. Apple.Opt. 1984, 23(1):61～65.
[21] R.W.Tkach, A.R.Chraplyvy. Regimes of feedback effects in 1.5-μm distributed feedback lasers. J.Lightwave Tecnology, 1986,4 (11):1655～1661.
[22] 马军山，禹延光，孙晓明，强锡富．一种新型激光位移传感器．哈尔滨工业大学学报，1998,30(6)：12～15．
[23] 黄民双．一种新型自混合激光干涉光纤应变传感器．仪器仪表学报，2002,23(3)：605～606,610．
[24] 禹延光，李世阳．含参考臂的半导体激光自混合干涉测距系统研究．河南科学,2004,22(5)：605～607．
[25] 王鸣，聂守平，李明，李达成．自混合干涉微位移传感器．仪器仪表学报,2004,25(4)：428～431
[26] 陆敏，王鸣，郝辉．半导体激光器的自混合散斑干涉测量流体速度．光学学报，2005，25(2)：190～194．
[27] P.G.R.King,G.J.Steward,Metrology with an optical master.Rev.Sci., 1963,17:180～182.
[28] W.J.Rudd.A laser Doppler velocimeter employing the laser as a mixer-oscillator.J.Phys. E, 1968, 1:723～726.
[29] R.Lang, K.Kobayashi. External optical feedback effects on semiconductor injection laser properties. IEEE J. Q. E, 1980, 16(3) :347～355.
[30] J.H.Chrunside. A Laser Doppler Velocimetry by Modulating a CO_2 Laser with Back Scattered Light. Apple.Opt. 1984, 23(1) :61～65.
[31] P.J. De Groot. Ranging and Velocimetry Signal Generation in a Backscatter Modulated Laser Diode. Appl. Opt.,1988, 27(21): 4475～4480.
[32] P. J. De Groot, M. Gregg Gallatin. Backscatter -modulation Velocimetry with an External-cavity Laser Diode. Optics Letter, 1989,14(3): 165～167.
[33] G. E Agrawal, N. A. Olsson and N. K. Durra. Effect of fiber-far end reflections on intensity and phase noise in GaAsP semiconductor laser.Appl.Phys.Lett. 1984, 45:959～957.
[34] E.T.Shimizu.Directional Discrimination in the Self-mixing Type Laser Doppler Velocimeter. Appl.Opt. 1987,26 (2):4541～4544.
[35] P.J. De Groot. Range Depended Optical Feedback Effects on the Multi-mode Spectrum of Laser Diode. J. Mod. Opt.1990,37: 1199～1214.
[36] M.K. Koelink, M. Slot, EF. de Mul, J. Greve, R. Graaf, A.C.M. Dassel and J.G. Aarnoudse, In-vivo blood flow velocity measurement using the self-mixing effect in a fiber-coupled semiconductor laser, Fiber-optic Sensors: engineering and applications. Proc Soc Photo-Opt Instrum.1991,1511: 120～128.
[37] M.Wang,W.J.O.Boyle,K.T.V.Grattan.Self-mixing interference in a diode laser: experimental observations and the oretical analysis.Appl.Opt., 1993,32(9): 1551～1558
[38] J.A.Smith.Lasers with Optical Feedback as Displacement Sensors. Opt.Eng.1995,34(9):28 0～282.
[39] Richard C.Addy, Andrew W.Palmer, Kenneth Thomas Vicor Grattan. Effects of external reflector alignment in sensing applications of optical feedback in laser diode. J.LightwaveTechnol., 1996,14(12) :2672～2676.
[40] 孙晓明，马军山，强锡富．半导体激光自混合干涉理论研究．中国激光，1998，25(11)：1018～1022．
[41] 孙晓明，马军山，强锡富．半导体激光器自混合干涉绝对测距理论研究，仪器仪表学报，1998,19(3)：274～278．
[42] 禹延光，叶会英，姚建铨．激光自混合干涉位移测量系统的稳态解．光学学报，2003，23(1)：80～84.
[43] 王鸣，聂守平，李达成．两重外腔的自混合干涉及其信号分析．光学学报，2003,23(6)：729～733．
[44] 丁迎春，张书练，李岩．He-Ne激光自混合干涉的模式研究．激光杂志．2003,24(6)：16～17．
[45] G.Plantier, C.Bes,T.Bosch.Behavioral model of a self-mixing laser diode sensor.IEEE J.Q.E, 2005, 41 (9): 1157～1167.
[46] 安毓英，曾小东．光学传感与测量．电子工业出版社,2001，第1版：86～90．
[47] M.Osinski, J.Buus. Linewidth broadening factor in semiconductor lasers an overview. IEEE J.Q.E,1987,23(1):9～28.
[48] C.H.Henry. Theory of the linewidth of semiconductor laser. IEEE J.Q.E,1982,18(2): 259～264.
[49] 吕海宝．激光光电检测．国防科技大学出版社，2000，第1版：13～60．
[50] G.Liu,X.Jin,S.L.Chuang.Measurement of Linewidth Enhancement Factor of semiconductor Lasers Using an Injection-Locking Technique[J].IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2001, vol. 13: 430～432.
[51] Asier Villafranca, José A. Lázar.Measurement of the Linewidth Enhancement Factor in DFB Lasers Using a High-Resolution Optical Spectrum Analyzer[J].IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2005, 17:2268～2270.
[52] G.P.Agrawal. Intensity Dependence of the Linewidth Enhancement Factor and Implications for Semiconductor Lasers. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 1989, 1(8): 212～214.
[53] 江剑平．半导体激光器．电子工业出版社,2000,第1版：1～147．
[54] 黄德修，刘雪峰．半导体激光器及其应用．国防工业出版社，1999,第1版：35～257．
[55] 彭宇恒，陈松岩，陈维友等．调制掺杂压缩应变多量子阱激光特性和线宽增强因子的理论研究．电子学报，1996,24(11)：33～37．
[56] 吕鸿昌，罗斌，陈建国．半导体激光器谱线展宽因子的测量．高技术通信，1996,第2版：12～14．
[57] Yanguang Yu, G.Giuliani, S.Donati. Measurement of the linewidth enhancement factor of semiconductor lasers based on the optical feedback selfmixing effect. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2004, 16(4):990～992
[58] YU Yan-guang, LI Shi-yang, YE Hui-ying, XI Jiang-tao. Estimation for the Parameters of Semiconductor Lasers Using the Self-mixing Effects in Semiconductor Lasers. Xian, China. Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Instrumentation Science and Technology, 2004:665-670.
[59] Jiangtao Xi, Yanguang Yu, Joe F.Chicharo, Thierry Bosch. Estimating the Parameters of Semiconductor Lasers Based on Weak Optical Feedback Self-Mixing Interferometry. IEEE J. Q. E, 2005, 41(8):1058～1064.
[60] 禹延光，闫艳霞．半导体激光器线宽展宽因数的估计方法．激光与红外．2006,36(2)：114～117．
[61] Giuliani.G, Norgia.M, Donati.S. Laser diode linewidth measurement by means of self-mixing interometry. Conference Proceedings Lasers and Electro-Optics Society Annual Meeting-LEOS, 1999, 2:726～727.
[62] 潘泉，张磊，孟晋丽，等．小波滤波方法及应用．清华大学出版社,2005,第一版：3～95．
[63] 周伟，桂林，周林，等．Matlab7小波分析高级技术．西安电子科技大学出版社,2006,第1版：1～125．
[64] 王秀芳，段玉波小波去噪方法的仿真研究．模式识别与仿真技术,2004,23(3)：21～23．
[65] 何蕾，李卫国，谭顺涛．局放脉冲信号的三种小波去噪方法的研究．继电器，2004， 32(6)：31～34．
[66]张秀秀，赵微，李封，等．3 σ准则在心电信号小波消噪处理中的应用．机械设计与制造，2006，(11)：107～109．
[67]蔡如华．基丁小波变换的热辐射测温信号的消噪处理．桂林电子工业学院学报．2005，25(6)：1～5．
[2] 孙晓明．半导体激光干涉理论及应用．国防工业出版社，1998,第1版：15～21．
[3] 禹延光，闫艳霞．仿真分析测量参数对光反馈自混合信号的影响．光学与光电技术,2005,3(5)：33～35,45．
[4] 禹延光，程明，强锡富．多重光反馈的激光自混合干涉．光学学报,2001,21(9)：1093～1098．
[5] 禹延光，姚健铨，叶会英．含预反馈的激光自混合干涉型位移测量结构．光学学报，2002，22(3)：308～312．
[6] H.Yasaka, Y.Yoshikuni, H.Kawaguchi. FM Noise and Spectral Line Width Reduction by Incoherent Optical Negative Feedback. IEEE J.Q.E. 1991, 27(2): 193～204.
[7] M.Fujiwara, K.Kubota, R.Long. Low-frequency Intensity Fluctuation in Laser Diode with External Optical Feedback. Appl.phys.letter, 1981, 38(4):217～220.
[8] G.A.Acket.The Intensity on Longitudinal Mode Properties and Optical Noise in Index-guided Semiconductor Laser. IEEE J.Q.E. 1984, 20(10):1163～1168.
[9] O.Hirota. Noise Properties of Injection Lasers Due to Reflected Waves .IEEE J.Q.E. 1979, 15(3): 142～149.
[10] R.O.Miles,A.Dandridge,A.B.Tveten.Feedback induced line broading in cw channel-substrate planar laser diades.Apply.phys.letter, 1981, 37(11):990～992.
[11] L.Goldberg.Spectral Characteristics of Seminconductor Laser with Optical Feedback. IEEE J.Q.E. 1982, 18(6):555～563.
[12] T.Chartier, B.Mezine, F.Sanchez. Optical Feedback Effects in Nd-Doped Fiber Lasers with Broadband Spectral. Apply.Opt., 1996, 32(12):2016～2022.
[13] B.Traomborg,J.Mork. Nonlinear Injection Locking Dymamics and the Onset of Coherence Collapse in External Cavity Laser. IEEE J.Q.E., 1990,26:642～654.
[14] J.Sacher, W.Elsasser, E.Gobel. Intermittency in the Coherence Collapse of a Semiconductor Laser with External Feedback. Phys. Rev. Letter. 1989, 63(20):224～227.
[15] N.Kikuchi. Chaos Control and Noise Suppression in External Cavity Semiconductor Laser. IEEE J.Q.E. 1997, 33(1):57～65.
[16] H.Li, J.Ye, J.G.Mcinerney. Detailed Analysis of coherence Collapse in Semiconductor Laser. IEEE J.Q.E. 1993, 29(9):2421～2431.
[17] D.Lenstra,B.H.Verbeek,A.J.Denoef.Coherence Collapse in Single Mode Semiconductor Laser Due to Optical Feedback. IEEE J.Q.E. 1985, 21(6):674～679.
[18] G.P.Agrawal.Line Norrowing in a Single Mode Injection Laser Due To External Optical Feedback. IEEE J.Q.E. 1984,20(5):468～471.
[19] M.J.Rudd. A later Doppler Belocimeter Employing the Laser as a Mixer Oscillator. J.Phys.E. 1968,1:723～726.
[20] J.H.Chrunside. Laser Doppler Velocimetry by Modulating a CO_2 Laser with Back Scattered Light. Apple.Opt. 1984, 23(1):61～65.
[21] R.W.Tkach, A.R.Chraplyvy. Regimes of feedback effects in 1.5-μm distributed feedback lasers. J.Lightwave Tecnology, 1986,4 (11):1655～1661.
[22] 马军山，禹延光，孙晓明，强锡富．一种新型激光位移传感器．哈尔滨工业大学学报，1998,30(6)：12～15．
[23] 黄民双．一种新型自混合激光干涉光纤应变传感器．仪器仪表学报，2002,23(3)：605～606,610．
[24] 禹延光，李世阳．含参考臂的半导体激光自混合干涉测距系统研究．河南科学,2004,22(5)：605～607．
[25] 王鸣，聂守平，李明，李达成．自混合干涉微位移传感器．仪器仪表学报,2004,25(4)：428～431
[26] 陆敏，王鸣，郝辉．半导体激光器的自混合散斑干涉测量流体速度．光学学报，2005，25(2)：190～194．
[27] P.G.R.King,G.J.Steward,Metrology with an optical master.Rev.Sci., 1963,17:180～182.
[28] W.J.Rudd.A laser Doppler velocimeter employing the laser as a mixer-oscillator.J.Phys. E, 1968, 1:723～726.
[29] R.Lang, K.Kobayashi. External optical feedback effects on semiconductor injection laser properties. IEEE J. Q. E, 1980, 16(3) :347～355.
[30] J.H.Chrunside. A Laser Doppler Velocimetry by Modulating a CO_2 Laser with Back Scattered Light. Apple.Opt. 1984, 23(1) :61～65.
[31] P.J. De Groot. Ranging and Velocimetry Signal Generation in a Backscatter Modulated Laser Diode. Appl. Opt.,1988, 27(21): 4475～4480.
[32] P. J. De Groot, M. Gregg Gallatin. Backscatter -modulation Velocimetry with an External-cavity Laser Diode. Optics Letter, 1989,14(3): 165～167.
[33] G. E Agrawal, N. A. Olsson and N. K. Durra. Effect of fiber-far end reflections on intensity and phase noise in GaAsP semiconductor laser.Appl.Phys.Lett. 1984, 45:959～957.
[34] E.T.Shimizu.Directional Discrimination in the Self-mixing Type Laser Doppler Velocimeter. Appl.Opt. 1987,26 (2):4541～4544.
[35] P.J. De Groot. Range Depended Optical Feedback Effects on the Multi-mode Spectrum of Laser Diode. J. Mod. Opt.1990,37: 1199～1214.
[36] M.K. Koelink, M. Slot, EF. de Mul, J. Greve, R. Graaf, A.C.M. Dassel and J.G. Aarnoudse, In-vivo blood flow velocity measurement using the self-mixing effect in a fiber-coupled semiconductor laser, Fiber-optic Sensors: engineering and applications. Proc Soc Photo-Opt Instrum.1991,1511: 120～128.
[37] M.Wang,W.J.O.Boyle,K.T.V.Grattan.Self-mixing interference in a diode laser: experimental observations and the oretical analysis.Appl.Opt., 1993,32(9): 1551～1558
[38] J.A.Smith.Lasers with Optical Feedback as Displacement Sensors. Opt.Eng.1995,34(9):28 0～282.
[39] Richard C.Addy, Andrew W.Palmer, Kenneth Thomas Vicor Grattan. Effects of external reflector alignment in sensing applications of optical feedback in laser diode. J.LightwaveTechnol., 1996,14(12) :2672～2676.
[40] 孙晓明，马军山，强锡富．半导体激光自混合干涉理论研究．中国激光，1998，25(11)：1018～1022．
[41] 孙晓明，马军山，强锡富．半导体激光器自混合干涉绝对测距理论研究，仪器仪表学报，1998,19(3)：274～278．
[42] 禹延光，叶会英，姚建铨．激光自混合干涉位移测量系统的稳态解．光学学报，2003，23(1)：80～84.
[43] 王鸣，聂守平，李达成．两重外腔的自混合干涉及其信号分析．光学学报，2003,23(6)：729～733．
[44] 丁迎春，张书练，李岩．He-Ne激光自混合干涉的模式研究．激光杂志．2003,24(6)：16～17．
[45] G.Plantier, C.Bes,T.Bosch.Behavioral model of a self-mixing laser diode sensor.IEEE J.Q.E, 2005, 41 (9): 1157～1167.
[46] 安毓英，曾小东．光学传感与测量．电子工业出版社,2001，第1版：86～90．
[47] M.Osinski, J.Buus. Linewidth broadening factor in semiconductor lasers an overview. IEEE J.Q.E,1987,23(1):9～28.
[48] C.H.Henry. Theory of the linewidth of semiconductor laser. IEEE J.Q.E,1982,18(2): 259～264.
[49] 吕海宝．激光光电检测．国防科技大学出版社，2000，第1版：13～60．
[50] G.Liu,X.Jin,S.L.Chuang.Measurement of Linewidth Enhancement Factor of semiconductor Lasers Using an Injection-Locking Technique[J].IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2001, vol. 13: 430～432.
[51] Asier Villafranca, José A. Lázar.Measurement of the Linewidth Enhancement Factor in DFB Lasers Using a High-Resolution Optical Spectrum Analyzer[J].IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2005, 17:2268～2270.
[52] G.P.Agrawal. Intensity Dependence of the Linewidth Enhancement Factor and Implications for Semiconductor Lasers. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 1989, 1(8): 212～214.
[53] 江剑平．半导体激光器．电子工业出版社,2000,第1版：1～147．
[54] 黄德修，刘雪峰．半导体激光器及其应用．国防工业出版社，1999,第1版：35～257．
[55] 彭宇恒，陈松岩，陈维友等．调制掺杂压缩应变多量子阱激光特性和线宽增强因子的理论研究．电子学报，1996,24(11)：33～37．
[56] 吕鸿昌，罗斌，陈建国．半导体激光器谱线展宽因子的测量．高技术通信，1996,第2版：12～14．
[57] Yanguang Yu, G.Giuliani, S.Donati. Measurement of the linewidth enhancement factor of semiconductor lasers based on the optical feedback selfmixing effect. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2004, 16(4):990～992
[58] YU Yan-guang, LI Shi-yang, YE Hui-ying, XI Jiang-tao. Estimation for the Parameters of Semiconductor Lasers Using the Self-mixing Effects in Semiconductor Lasers. Xian, China. Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Instrumentation Science and Technology, 2004:665-670.
[59] Jiangtao Xi, Yanguang Yu, Joe F.Chicharo, Thierry Bosch. Estimating the Parameters of Semiconductor Lasers Based on Weak Optical Feedback Self-Mixing Interferometry. IEEE J. Q. E, 2005, 41(8):1058～1064.
[60] 禹延光，闫艳霞．半导体激光器线宽展宽因数的估计方法．激光与红外．2006,36(2)：114～117．
[61] Giuliani.G, Norgia.M, Donati.S. Laser diode linewidth measurement by means of self-mixing interometry. Conference Proceedings Lasers and Electro-Optics Society Annual Meeting-LEOS, 1999, 2:726～727.
[62] 潘泉，张磊，孟晋丽，等．小波滤波方法及应用．清华大学出版社,2005,第一版：3～95．
[63] 周伟，桂林，周林，等．Matlab7小波分析高级技术．西安电子科技大学出版社,2006,第1版：1～125．
[64] 王秀芳，段玉波小波去噪方法的仿真研究．模式识别与仿真技术,2004,23(3)：21～23．
[65] 何蕾，李卫国，谭顺涛．局放脉冲信号的三种小波去噪方法的研究．继电器，2004， 32(6)：31～34．
[66]张秀秀，赵微，李封，等．3 σ准则在心电信号小波消噪处理中的应用．机械设计与制造，2006，(11)：107～109．
[67]蔡如华．基丁小波变换的热辐射测温信号的消噪处理．桂林电子工业学院学报．2005，25(6)：1～5．