农村居民点用地整治模式研究
摘要
目前农村居民点用地普遍存在布局混乱、缺少统一规划、基础设施不完善、不少空地、杂地和老宅基地未能得到有效利用而形成“空心村”等问题,本文研究在此背景下,以农村居民点用地整治的国内外研究现状和居民点用地整治的理论及农村居民点用地整治模式理论为着手,进行农村居民点用地整治模式的研究。
本研究根据区位、村镇规划、土地可持续利用、区域空间集聚、公众参与等理论,采取农村居民点用地整治的基本原理和研究方法,对农村居民点用地整治的模式及其适用条件进行深入探讨,并以明溪县沙溪乡为例进行应用。主要研究成果有：1、对农村居民点用地整治的模式进行理论研究。建立农村居民点用地整治模式体系,认为其由组织管理模式、空间规划模式和资金筹措模式组成,并对三种模式进一步细分。其中空间规划模式分为迁村并点型整治模式、村庄改造控制型整治模式和城镇化整治模式三种子模式；组织管理模式分为政府组织模式、自组织模式和市场组织模式三种子模式；资金筹措模式分为自主投资模式、政府主导投资模式、市场主导投资模式和政府与市场结合模式四种子模式。并具体分析了每个子模式优点、特点、适用条件以及注意事项等。2、以明溪县沙溪乡为例进行应用研究。本论文以明溪县沙溪乡村居民点6个小组进行了实践研究,实地调查了这6个小组的人口、宅基地数量、居民点占地面积、闲置宅基地数量、闲置宅基地占地面积、交通道路情况、经济总收入情况、年人均收入情况、基础设施情况等信息,在资料收集的基础上进行整治和分析。然后,根据先前理论分析中提出的农村居民点用地整治模式及其适用条件,详细分析各小组的基础设施、经济条件和社会条件等,提出了这6个小组各自适合的空间规划模式、组织管理模式和资金筹措模式。
The layout of the current widespread confusion in the rural residential land, the lack of unified planning, poor infrastructure, a lot of open space, mixed land and effective use of the old homestead has not been the formation of "empty villages" and other issues, this paper, in this context, rural residential land remediation research status, and residential land consolidation theory and the theory of rural residential land to begin remediation mode, the rural residential land use pattern of regulation.
In this study, based on location, town planning, sustainable land use, regional spatial agglomeration, theory of public participation, improvement of rural residential land to the basic principles and methods, improvement of rural residential land use pattern and depth of application conditions, and an example of Mingxi County Township Shaxi applications. Main results are:1, rural residential land use regulation on the mode theory. Establishment of rural residential land remediation model system, that its management by the organization, space planning model and funding model composed of three models and further subdivided. Spatial planning model which moved into the village and point-based remediation mode-controlled rectification transformation model villages and towns of the three seed treatment mode mode; organization and management model is divided into governmental organizations model, self-organization model and the three seed market organization model model; funds investment model is divided into self-financing model, the government investment patterns, market investment patterns and binding mode of government and the market four seed mode. And detailed analysis of the advantages of each sub-model, characteristics, application conditions and precautions.2 to Mingxi County Shaxi Town as an example for applied research. This thesis Mingxi County Rural Residential 6 Shaxi the practice group studies, field investigations of these six groups of the population, the number of homestead, residential area, the number of unused homestead, homestead covers an area of unused, traffic conditions, the economic situation of total income, per capita income, infrastructure, and other information, on the basis of the data collection, collation and analysis. Then, based on previous theoretical analysis of rural residential land in the proposed regulation model and its application conditions, detailed analysis of the group's infrastructure, economic conditions and social conditions were made in the six groups for each of the space planning model, organization and management model and funding model.
本研究根据区位、村镇规划、土地可持续利用、区域空间集聚、公众参与等理论,采取农村居民点用地整治的基本原理和研究方法,对农村居民点用地整治的模式及其适用条件进行深入探讨,并以明溪县沙溪乡为例进行应用。主要研究成果有：1、对农村居民点用地整治的模式进行理论研究。建立农村居民点用地整治模式体系,认为其由组织管理模式、空间规划模式和资金筹措模式组成,并对三种模式进一步细分。其中空间规划模式分为迁村并点型整治模式、村庄改造控制型整治模式和城镇化整治模式三种子模式；组织管理模式分为政府组织模式、自组织模式和市场组织模式三种子模式；资金筹措模式分为自主投资模式、政府主导投资模式、市场主导投资模式和政府与市场结合模式四种子模式。并具体分析了每个子模式优点、特点、适用条件以及注意事项等。2、以明溪县沙溪乡为例进行应用研究。本论文以明溪县沙溪乡村居民点6个小组进行了实践研究,实地调查了这6个小组的人口、宅基地数量、居民点占地面积、闲置宅基地数量、闲置宅基地占地面积、交通道路情况、经济总收入情况、年人均收入情况、基础设施情况等信息,在资料收集的基础上进行整治和分析。然后,根据先前理论分析中提出的农村居民点用地整治模式及其适用条件,详细分析各小组的基础设施、经济条件和社会条件等,提出了这6个小组各自适合的空间规划模式、组织管理模式和资金筹措模式。
The layout of the current widespread confusion in the rural residential land, the lack of unified planning, poor infrastructure, a lot of open space, mixed land and effective use of the old homestead has not been the formation of "empty villages" and other issues, this paper, in this context, rural residential land remediation research status, and residential land consolidation theory and the theory of rural residential land to begin remediation mode, the rural residential land use pattern of regulation.
In this study, based on location, town planning, sustainable land use, regional spatial agglomeration, theory of public participation, improvement of rural residential land to the basic principles and methods, improvement of rural residential land use pattern and depth of application conditions, and an example of Mingxi County Township Shaxi applications. Main results are:1, rural residential land use regulation on the mode theory. Establishment of rural residential land remediation model system, that its management by the organization, space planning model and funding model composed of three models and further subdivided. Spatial planning model which moved into the village and point-based remediation mode-controlled rectification transformation model villages and towns of the three seed treatment mode mode; organization and management model is divided into governmental organizations model, self-organization model and the three seed market organization model model; funds investment model is divided into self-financing model, the government investment patterns, market investment patterns and binding mode of government and the market four seed mode. And detailed analysis of the advantages of each sub-model, characteristics, application conditions and precautions.2 to Mingxi County Shaxi Town as an example for applied research. This thesis Mingxi County Rural Residential 6 Shaxi the practice group studies, field investigations of these six groups of the population, the number of homestead, residential area, the number of unused homestead, homestead covers an area of unused, traffic conditions, the economic situation of total income, per capita income, infrastructure, and other information, on the basis of the data collection, collation and analysis. Then, based on previous theoretical analysis of rural residential land in the proposed regulation model and its application conditions, detailed analysis of the group's infrastructure, economic conditions and social conditions were made in the six groups for each of the space planning model, organization and management model and funding model.
引文
[1]刘晶妹,张玉萍.我国农村居民点用地整治运作模式研究[J].中国土地科学,1999,(11)：33-35.
[2]Doeble W. Land Readjustment [M]. Heath and Co.Lexington.1982.
[3]Archer R.W. The use of land pooling/readjustment to improve urban development and land supply in Asian countries[C]. HSD working paper 14.Human Settlement Division, Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok.1984.
[4]Larsson GLand Readjustment:A Modern Approach to Urbanisation [M]. Avebury, Aldershot. 1993
[5]Gerhard Larsson. Land Readjustment:A Tool For Urban Development [J]. HABITAT INTL. 1997,2(121):141-152.
[6]Andre Sorensen. Land Readjustment, Urban Planning and Urban Sprawl in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area[J]. Urban Studies,1999,13(136):2333-2360.
[7]Seong-Kyu Ha. Developing a community-based approach to urban development [J]. GeoJournal,2001(53):39-45.
[8]Frank Schnidman. Land Readjustment [J].Urban Land,1988(2):2-6.
[9]Ellen J. Quinn. Energizing Utility Brownfields [J]. Environmental Performance.
[10]叶艳妹,吴次芳.我国农村居民点用地整治的潜力、运作模式与政策选择[J].农业经济问题,1998,(10)：54-57.
[11]高燕,叶艳妹.农村居民点用地整治的影响因素分析及模式选择农村经济[J].农业工程学报,2004,3.
[12]杨庆媛,张占录.大城市郊区农村居民点用地整治的目标和模式研究[J].中国软科学,2003,(6)：115-119.
[13]彭建,蒋一军,张清春,等.城市近郊农村居民点土地整治研究——以北京市大兴区黄村镇狼垡村为例[J].资源产业,2004,6(5)：17-20.
[14]廖赤眉,李澜等.农村居民点土地整治模式及其在广西的应用[J].广西师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版).2004,25(1)：7-11.
[15]薛力.城市化背景下的“空心村”现象及其对策探讨——以江苏省为例[J].城市规划,2001,25(6)：8-13.
[16]国土资源部规划司,国土资源部土地整理中心编.土地开发整治规划实例.北京：地质出版社,2001(53)：72-74.
[17]张军英,单启德.“空心村”改造的规划设计探索--以安徽省巢湖地区“空心村”改造为例[J].建筑学报,1999(11)：12-15.
[18]单启德,赵之枫.从芜湖市三山镇规划引发的思考.城市规划(J).2002(10)：41-43.
[19]张军英,单启德.“空心村”改造的规划设计探索—以安徽省巢湖地区“空心村”改造为例.建筑学报(J).1999(11)：12-15.
[20]赵之枫.以区域整体发展原则促进乡村建设的持续发展[J].城市发展研究.2002(5)：21-25.
[21]单启德,赵之枫.从芜湖市三山镇规划引发的思考.城市规划[J].2002(10)：41-43.
[22]高燕,叶艳妹.农村居民点用地整治的影响因素分析及模式选择[J].农村经济,2004,(3)：23-25.
[23]杨庆媛,张占录.大城市郊区农村居民点用地整治的目标和模式研究——以北京市顺义区为例[J].中国软科学.2003(6)
[24]杨庆媛,田永中,王朝科,等.西南丘陵山地区农村居民特技点土地整治模式——以重庆渝北区为例[J].地理研究，2004,
[25]龙花楼.中国农村宅基地转型的理论与证实[J].地理学报,2006,61(10)：1093-1100.
[26]姜广辉,张凤荣,秦静,等.北京山区农村居民点分布变化及其与环境的关系[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(11)：85-92.
[27]沈兵明.城镇化过程中农居点迁并整治与建设用地置换研究[J],人文地理,2001,16.
[28]倪才英,许东风等.试论农村居民点的环境优化[J].环境开发.2001(1)：34-36.
[29]ErlchB(贾生华译).联邦德国的乡村土地整治[M].北京：中国农业出版社,1999.10-18.
[30]William A, Doebel. Land Readjustment [M].Health and Company,1982.
[31]Andre Sorensen, Conflict. consensus or consent:implications of Japanese land readjustment practice for developing countries[J]. Habitat International,2000,24.
[32]J.Castro Coelho,P. Aguiar Pinto. A systems approach for the estimate of the effect of land consolidation projects(LCPs):a model and its application[J].Agricultural Systems,2001, 68.
[33]王万茂.土地整治的产生、内容和效益[J].中国土地科学,1997(11)：62-65.
[34]陈良.土地整治与我国农业可持续发展[J].自然杂志,2003(5)：301-304.
[2]Doeble W. Land Readjustment [M]. Heath and Co.Lexington.1982.
[3]Archer R.W. The use of land pooling/readjustment to improve urban development and land supply in Asian countries[C]. HSD working paper 14.Human Settlement Division, Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok.1984.
[4]Larsson GLand Readjustment:A Modern Approach to Urbanisation [M]. Avebury, Aldershot. 1993
[5]Gerhard Larsson. Land Readjustment:A Tool For Urban Development [J]. HABITAT INTL. 1997,2(121):141-152.
[6]Andre Sorensen. Land Readjustment, Urban Planning and Urban Sprawl in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area[J]. Urban Studies,1999,13(136):2333-2360.
[7]Seong-Kyu Ha. Developing a community-based approach to urban development [J]. GeoJournal,2001(53):39-45.
[8]Frank Schnidman. Land Readjustment [J].Urban Land,1988(2):2-6.
[9]Ellen J. Quinn. Energizing Utility Brownfields [J]. Environmental Performance.
[10]叶艳妹,吴次芳.我国农村居民点用地整治的潜力、运作模式与政策选择[J].农业经济问题,1998,(10)：54-57.
[11]高燕,叶艳妹.农村居民点用地整治的影响因素分析及模式选择农村经济[J].农业工程学报,2004,3.
[12]杨庆媛,张占录.大城市郊区农村居民点用地整治的目标和模式研究[J].中国软科学,2003,(6)：115-119.
[13]彭建,蒋一军,张清春,等.城市近郊农村居民点土地整治研究——以北京市大兴区黄村镇狼垡村为例[J].资源产业,2004,6(5)：17-20.
[14]廖赤眉,李澜等.农村居民点土地整治模式及其在广西的应用[J].广西师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版).2004,25(1)：7-11.
[15]薛力.城市化背景下的“空心村”现象及其对策探讨——以江苏省为例[J].城市规划,2001,25(6)：8-13.
[16]国土资源部规划司,国土资源部土地整理中心编.土地开发整治规划实例.北京：地质出版社,2001(53)：72-74.
[17]张军英,单启德.“空心村”改造的规划设计探索--以安徽省巢湖地区“空心村”改造为例[J].建筑学报,1999(11)：12-15.
[18]单启德,赵之枫.从芜湖市三山镇规划引发的思考.城市规划(J).2002(10)：41-43.
[19]张军英,单启德.“空心村”改造的规划设计探索—以安徽省巢湖地区“空心村”改造为例.建筑学报(J).1999(11)：12-15.
[20]赵之枫.以区域整体发展原则促进乡村建设的持续发展[J].城市发展研究.2002(5)：21-25.
[21]单启德,赵之枫.从芜湖市三山镇规划引发的思考.城市规划[J].2002(10)：41-43.
[22]高燕,叶艳妹.农村居民点用地整治的影响因素分析及模式选择[J].农村经济,2004,(3)：23-25.
[23]杨庆媛,张占录.大城市郊区农村居民点用地整治的目标和模式研究——以北京市顺义区为例[J].中国软科学.2003(6)
[24]杨庆媛,田永中,王朝科,等.西南丘陵山地区农村居民特技点土地整治模式——以重庆渝北区为例[J].地理研究，2004,
[25]龙花楼.中国农村宅基地转型的理论与证实[J].地理学报,2006,61(10)：1093-1100.
[26]姜广辉,张凤荣,秦静,等.北京山区农村居民点分布变化及其与环境的关系[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(11)：85-92.
[27]沈兵明.城镇化过程中农居点迁并整治与建设用地置换研究[J],人文地理,2001,16.
[28]倪才英,许东风等.试论农村居民点的环境优化[J].环境开发.2001(1)：34-36.
[29]ErlchB(贾生华译).联邦德国的乡村土地整治[M].北京：中国农业出版社,1999.10-18.
[30]William A, Doebel. Land Readjustment [M].Health and Company,1982.
[31]Andre Sorensen, Conflict. consensus or consent:implications of Japanese land readjustment practice for developing countries[J]. Habitat International,2000,24.
[32]J.Castro Coelho,P. Aguiar Pinto. A systems approach for the estimate of the effect of land consolidation projects(LCPs):a model and its application[J].Agricultural Systems,2001, 68.
[33]王万茂.土地整治的产生、内容和效益[J].中国土地科学,1997(11)：62-65.
[34]陈良.土地整治与我国农业可持续发展[J].自然杂志,2003(5)：301-304.