基于变层厚法的复杂区域物理场可视化若干关键技术研究与应用
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摘要
可视化是处理大量数据和信息的有效方法,它具有直观、易于理解和交流的特性,给科学研究工作与项目决策等都带来了很大的便利。本文针对复杂区域物理场可视化目前存在的问题,研究了基于自适应变层厚笛卡尔切割单元法的复杂区域物理场数值模拟与可视化技术。提出了一种面向复杂三维形体的非结构化六面体笛卡尔生成方法,研究了基于非结构化笛卡尔网格的复杂区域物理场数值模拟及可视化方法。开发了基于自适应变层厚笛卡尔切割单元法的可视化系统,实现了复杂区域物理场的可视化。
     论文的主要工作包括:
     第一章讨论了物理场可视化的主要任务与发展历程,总结了物理场可视化的研究及应用现状,分析了目前在复杂区域物理场可视化方面存在的问题,论述了基于自适应笛卡尔切割单元法的复杂区域物理场可视化研究的意义。最后阐述了本文的研究背景、意义和主要研究内容。
     第二章分析了STL文件的特点与常见错误,提出了基于松弛AVL树的冗余顶点归并方法,完成了STL文件拓扑关系的快速重构。采用了环分裂空洞修补算法等STL文件常见错误的修复方法,实现了基于拓扑关系的STL文件错误修复。
     第三章提出了基于自适应变层厚笛卡尔切割单元法(本文中简称为变层厚法)的复杂区域非结构化各向异性笛卡尔网格生成方法。研究了自适应层厚控制算法及基于轮廓线集拓扑关系树的切割面上实体区域判断,采用基于凸包的背景网格顶点与封闭轮廓线关系判断方法改进了现有笛卡尔切割单元法。采用了面向不同情况的各向异性加密算法,实现了优质、高效的网格划分,为复杂区域物理场可视化奠定了基础。
     第四章采用了基于各向异性笛卡尔网格的变空间步长显式差分格式与隐式差分格式,实现了基于各向异性非结构化笛卡尔网格的压铸件凝固过程三维非稳态温度场有限差分计算。构建了区域大气环评与复杂河道水环境评价计算模型,实现了基于各向异性非结构化笛卡尔网格的区域环评预测计算。
     第五章在对电表机架压铸件的铸造缺陷进行大量统计分析的基础上,提出了新的铸造缺陷预测方法。研究了缩孔缩松及气孔等孔洞缺陷以及铸造热应力、热裂等缺陷发生的判据及预测方法,并结合神经网络技术,实现了基于神经网络的复杂压铸件铸造缺陷预测。
     第六章针对可视化显示中等值线区域填充问题,提出了一种基于笛卡尔网
Visualization is an efficient way to handle giant data, with some special advantages such as intuition and understandability, the visualization becomes a convenient means for research and decision-making. Aiming at the difficulty of the visualization for the complex geometries physical field, this dissertation presents a theory of visualization based on adaptive layered Cartesian cut cell method. A new approach to generate the hexahedral amsotropic unstructured Cartesian grids has been developed , the new theories for the numerical simulation and visualization based on unstructured Cartesian grids are presented and two simulation system are developed based these theories.
    The main work of the dissertation is as follws:
    Chapter one gives a review and history of the development of the visual ization, the theories and applications of the physical field visualization are discussed. The existing problems are analyzed, and addresses the background, significance and contents of the disseration.
    Chapter two analyses the characteristic and the typeical errors of the STL files, a brand new vertex merging algorithm based on relaxed AVL tree is presented and the topological structure for STL files is constructed by using the extended corner table structure. Some repair algorithms such as holes & cracks repair algorithm based on splitting rings are developed to achieve the fast and exact repair for STL files.
    Chapter three introduces a new method to generate the hexahedral anisotropic unstructured Cartesian grids named adaptive layered Cartesian cut cell method (Adaptive layered method). A new topology-based STL files adaptive layered slicing algorithm with special features control strategy is presented to make the slicing process accurate and efficient, and a solid regions judging approach based on spatial relation contour tree is applied. To overcome the disadvantage of the point-in-polygon algorithm to identify the inside and outside background mesh vertices, a new points-in-polygon method is employed using the convex hull to judge the enclosure relation. Finally, a Cartesian grids adaptive anisotropic refinement algorithm is used to gain the high quality anisotropic unstructured Cartesian grids.
    Chapter four presents a variable step implicit FDM method for numerical simulation of temperature field, the numerical simulation of temperature field for press die casting has been done using this method. Also in chapter, the region EIA diffusion calculation models based on anisotropic unstructured Cartesian grids are presented, and the atmosphere and water region EIA are achieved.
    Chapter five analyzes the casting defects for die casting, and presents a new mathod for simulation and forecast on casting defects based on statistical data. On the basis of temperature field numerical simulation and the structural analysis,a new
引文
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