新型臭氧发生器电源的研究与设计
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摘要
目前工业上最常用的产生臭氧的方法是介质阻挡放电法,简称为DBD法。在臭氧发生器的等效电路和电气参数一定的情况下,供电电源的性能和品质就成了DBD法生成臭氧的效率的关键所在。
在现今常用的臭氧发生器的电源拓扑中,逆变器主功率开关器件在运行过程中不同程度存在着开关损耗的问题,尤其在工作频率较高的情况下,开关损耗问题更为突出,使得主开关器件吸收回路和系统控制时序复杂,且系统功率因数较低,严重影响了电路工作效率和开关频率的提高,臭氧发生器功率的提升也受到了较大限制。
本文在深入研究感应加热双频准谐振逆变电源拓扑的基础上,将此逆变拓扑移植于臭氧发生器电源,提出了一种新颖的双频准谐振臭氧发生电源。构建了基于双频逆变拓扑的双频准谐振臭氧发生器逆变系统,给出了逆变电路结构图,在时域范围内详细研究与分析了电源在半个工作周期内的工作原理和工作模态,推导出了电源的各模态数学模型。基于数学模型,得到了电源的调节特性、主要参数,如放电功率、放电能量、介质层峰值电压等的计算公式。采用DSP—TMS320LF2407处理器为核心,研究、设计了双频准谐振臭氧发生电源的控制系统,并用DSP设计了PWM脉冲发生、数字锁相环频率跟踪和死区时间的实时数字化调节功能,给出了过零比较、相位检测、IGBT驱动电路等电源控制系统功能模块的硬件电路图,同时,研究了双频电源的预充电启动方法,详细分析了电路预充电过程和启动过程并设计了启动电路。通过对臭氧发生装置实例的设计和仿真研究,验证了本文理论研究成果的合理性与可行性,表明双频准谐振逆变拓扑结构是可以应用于大功率DBD型臭氧发生器供电电源的,预充电启动方法能实现电源的可靠启动。
At present, the most common method of ozone generation is the dielectric barrier discharge, named as DBD method. As the relative circuits and electrical parameters of the ozonier have been defined, the performances and the qualities of the power supply of the ozonier become the key points of the efficiency of the DBD methods that generate the ozone.
During the operation, the topologies of the power supply which used in nowadays, its main power switches of the inverter may more or less cause switching losses, especially at high-operating frequency, which make the absorbing loops of the power switches and the controlling sequences relatively complexity. Otherwise, the power factor of the power system becomes very low. These disadvantages extremely affect the improving of the circuit’s operating efficiency and the switching frequency as well as the power of the ozonier.
After thoroughly researched the topology of the dual-frequency quasi-resonant inverter, this paper transplanted that to a power supply of ozonier, and then, a novel dual-frequency quasi-resonant ozonier power supply was presented. After that, a dual-frequency quasi-resonant ozonier inverting system which based on dual-frequency inverting topology was build. Later, the inverting circuits were offered, then, the thesis carefully researched the operating theories and modes. Moreover, the math models of the each modes of the power supply were deduced in time area in half period. Based on the math models, the calculate formulas of the adjusting characteristics and the main parameters in particular: discharge power and the maximum voltage of the dielectric layer were gotten.
Otherwise, this thesis has researched and designed a control system of the power supply of dual-frequency quasi-resonant ozonier based on DSP-TMS320LF2407. Then make the creation of the PWM pulse into reality as well the digital phase loop locked and the real time digital deadtime-modulation. The hardware circuits of the each function modules about the power control system then were put forward, particularly zero crossing detection, phase-comparing, IGBT-driving circuits.
Meanwhile, the research on pre-charge starting method of the dual-frequency power supply was successful by particularly analyzing the pre-charging circuit and starting circuit as well as the starting process. Via the researches of designing and
在现今常用的臭氧发生器的电源拓扑中,逆变器主功率开关器件在运行过程中不同程度存在着开关损耗的问题,尤其在工作频率较高的情况下,开关损耗问题更为突出,使得主开关器件吸收回路和系统控制时序复杂,且系统功率因数较低,严重影响了电路工作效率和开关频率的提高,臭氧发生器功率的提升也受到了较大限制。
本文在深入研究感应加热双频准谐振逆变电源拓扑的基础上,将此逆变拓扑移植于臭氧发生器电源,提出了一种新颖的双频准谐振臭氧发生电源。构建了基于双频逆变拓扑的双频准谐振臭氧发生器逆变系统,给出了逆变电路结构图,在时域范围内详细研究与分析了电源在半个工作周期内的工作原理和工作模态,推导出了电源的各模态数学模型。基于数学模型,得到了电源的调节特性、主要参数,如放电功率、放电能量、介质层峰值电压等的计算公式。采用DSP—TMS320LF2407处理器为核心,研究、设计了双频准谐振臭氧发生电源的控制系统,并用DSP设计了PWM脉冲发生、数字锁相环频率跟踪和死区时间的实时数字化调节功能,给出了过零比较、相位检测、IGBT驱动电路等电源控制系统功能模块的硬件电路图,同时,研究了双频电源的预充电启动方法,详细分析了电路预充电过程和启动过程并设计了启动电路。通过对臭氧发生装置实例的设计和仿真研究,验证了本文理论研究成果的合理性与可行性,表明双频准谐振逆变拓扑结构是可以应用于大功率DBD型臭氧发生器供电电源的,预充电启动方法能实现电源的可靠启动。
At present, the most common method of ozone generation is the dielectric barrier discharge, named as DBD method. As the relative circuits and electrical parameters of the ozonier have been defined, the performances and the qualities of the power supply of the ozonier become the key points of the efficiency of the DBD methods that generate the ozone.
During the operation, the topologies of the power supply which used in nowadays, its main power switches of the inverter may more or less cause switching losses, especially at high-operating frequency, which make the absorbing loops of the power switches and the controlling sequences relatively complexity. Otherwise, the power factor of the power system becomes very low. These disadvantages extremely affect the improving of the circuit’s operating efficiency and the switching frequency as well as the power of the ozonier.
After thoroughly researched the topology of the dual-frequency quasi-resonant inverter, this paper transplanted that to a power supply of ozonier, and then, a novel dual-frequency quasi-resonant ozonier power supply was presented. After that, a dual-frequency quasi-resonant ozonier inverting system which based on dual-frequency inverting topology was build. Later, the inverting circuits were offered, then, the thesis carefully researched the operating theories and modes. Moreover, the math models of the each modes of the power supply were deduced in time area in half period. Based on the math models, the calculate formulas of the adjusting characteristics and the main parameters in particular: discharge power and the maximum voltage of the dielectric layer were gotten.
Otherwise, this thesis has researched and designed a control system of the power supply of dual-frequency quasi-resonant ozonier based on DSP-TMS320LF2407. Then make the creation of the PWM pulse into reality as well the digital phase loop locked and the real time digital deadtime-modulation. The hardware circuits of the each function modules about the power control system then were put forward, particularly zero crossing detection, phase-comparing, IGBT-driving circuits.
Meanwhile, the research on pre-charge starting method of the dual-frequency power supply was successful by particularly analyzing the pre-charging circuit and starting circuit as well as the starting process. Via the researches of designing and
引文
[1] 臭氧及其应用.湖南远超臭氧设备有限公司内部培训资料.2000,1-18
[2] 孟志强.大功率介质阻挡放电臭氧发生电源的关键技术研究与实现:[湖南大学博士学位论文].长沙:湖南大学,2005,3
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[4] Okudaira, S & Matsuse, K. A new quasi-resonant inverter with two-way short-circuit switch across a resonant capacitor. In: Power Conversion Conference, 2002. PCC Osaka 2002: 1496 - 1501
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[6] 刘钟阳, 吴彦. DBD 型中高频臭氧发生器的动态负载特性. 中国电机工程学报, 2002, 22(5): 61-64
[7] Oleg Kordriavtsev, Shengpei Wang, et al. A Novel Pulse-Density-Modulated High-Frequency Inverter for Silent-Discharge-Type Ozonier. IEEE Trans on Industry Applications, 2002, 38(2): 369-378
[8] 黄玉水, 吕宏等. 臭氧发生器电源中容性控制的研究. 高电压技术, 2002, 28(10): 41-42,53
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[11] 齐群,张波.软开关 PWM 变换器发展综述.电路与系统学报,vol.5,No.3.July,2000,50-56
[12] 李朝阳.串联谐振式超音频感应加热电源的研究:[西安理工大学硕士学位论文].西安:西安理工大学图书馆,1999,10-25
[13] 吴兆麟,袁俊国,于非.高频感应加热装置的负载匹配方法.电力电子技术,1999(4):29-32
[14] 潘天明,张殿敏,朱长喜等.100KW 超音频感应加热电源.电力电子技术,1996(4):10-13
[15] 田健,王华民,郭会军等.串联谐振感应加热电源频率跟踪控制的研究.工业加热,2000(2):4-7
[16] 陶海敏,李彦锋,张仲超等.高压大功率电晕电源的研制.高电压技术,2002,28(6):40-41,54
[17] 孙强,周永明.IGBT逆变器缓存回路的设计. 电工技术,2002(12):30-32
[18] 刘和平等.TMS320LF240x DSP结构原理及应用.北京航空航天大学出版社.2002
[19] 毛鸿,吴兆麟等.感应加热电源无相差频率跟踪控制电路.电力电子技术,1998,32(2),69-72
[20] 惠晶,蔡爱军等.新型ZCS-PLL控制的大功率逆变电源的研究.电力电子技术,2004,38(6),89-91
[21] 李敏远,姜海鹏等.串联谐振逆变器最佳死区的选择[J].电力电子技术,2003,37(4):22-24
[22] 毛晓波,赵文丽等.交流采样技术及其 DSP 实现方法.微计算机信息,2005,21:54-55
[23] 李宾绪.新型大功率开关电源的研制与仿真:[华北电力大学硕士学位论文].保定:华北电力大学图书馆,2001,32-33
[24] 贾正春,马志源.电力电子学.第一版.北京:中国电力出版社,2002
[25] 王鸿钰.实用电源技术手册.上海:上海科技出版社,2002,57
[26] Cesar Gutierrez -Tapia.Dynamics of Ozone Generation in a Silent Oxygen Disch -arge.IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,1998,26(4):1357-1362
[27] Shengpei Wang,Mutsuo Nakaoka,Yoshihiro Konishi.PDM and PWM Hybrid Power Control of a Voltage-Source Type High-Frequency Inverter for Ozonizer Applications.In: IEE Power Electronics and Variable Speed Drives Conference Publications,1998,No.456:40-45
[28] 朴兴哲, 10kHz/150kW 中频感应加热电源的研究.[沈阳工业大学硕士学位论文],沈阳,沈阳工业大学,2005
[29] 杜锦才,丁大庆.并联逆变电源的外桥自激启动电路[J].电力电子技术,1999,33(4):10-12
[30] 魏志轩,晶闸管逆变感应电源启动电路结构分析与设计.电力电子技术,2005,39(4):71-72,76
[31] S.Okudaira & K.Matsuse: Frequency and Power Control of Induction Heater with Adjustable Frequency Quasi-resonant Inverter, In: Transactions of IEEJ, Vol.D-118,1997
[32] 胡维,孟志强等.基于双频逆变拓扑结构的臭氧发生器电源研究.电力科学与工程.2005(4): 26-29
[33] S.Okudaira & K.Matsuse: Power Control of an Adjustable Frequency Quasi-Resonant Inverter for Dual Frequency Induction Heating, Proceeding of IPEMC-2000,S-34-2,pp.968-973,2000
[34] 毛鸿,吴兆麟,候振程.串联型IGBT超音频感应加热电源.工业加热,1998(2):25-28
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[38] S.Nagai,H.Yonemori,M.Nakaoka.Advanced zero-current soft-switching PWM and PFM hybrid controlled series load-resonant inverters for high-frequency electromagnetic induction-heating power supply and its performance evaluations . Industrial Automation and Control : Emerging Technologies, 1995.,International IEEE/IAS Conference ,95-99
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[46] 王鸿钰.实用电源技术手册.上海:上海科技出版社,2002,57
[2] 孟志强.大功率介质阻挡放电臭氧发生电源的关键技术研究与实现:[湖南大学博士学位论文].长沙:湖南大学,2005,3
[3] 马虹斌, 邱毓昌, 高压臭氧发生器的研究与发展. 电工电能新技术, 1995(4):6-10
[4] Okudaira, S & Matsuse, K. A new quasi-resonant inverter with two-way short-circuit switch across a resonant capacitor. In: Power Conversion Conference, 2002. PCC Osaka 2002: 1496 - 1501
[5] 徐学基, 诸定昌. 气体放电物理. 上海:复旦大学出版社, 1996, 第 9 章
[6] 刘钟阳, 吴彦. DBD 型中高频臭氧发生器的动态负载特性. 中国电机工程学报, 2002, 22(5): 61-64
[7] Oleg Kordriavtsev, Shengpei Wang, et al. A Novel Pulse-Density-Modulated High-Frequency Inverter for Silent-Discharge-Type Ozonier. IEEE Trans on Industry Applications, 2002, 38(2): 369-378
[8] 黄玉水, 吕宏等. 臭氧发生器电源中容性控制的研究. 高电压技术, 2002, 28(10): 41-42,53
[9] 张占松,蔡宣三. 开关电源的原理与设计. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 1992
[10] 唐杰.串联谐振式 DBD 型臭氧发生器的研究与开发:[湖南大学硕士学位论文],长沙:湖南大学,2004
[11] 齐群,张波.软开关 PWM 变换器发展综述.电路与系统学报,vol.5,No.3.July,2000,50-56
[12] 李朝阳.串联谐振式超音频感应加热电源的研究:[西安理工大学硕士学位论文].西安:西安理工大学图书馆,1999,10-25
[13] 吴兆麟,袁俊国,于非.高频感应加热装置的负载匹配方法.电力电子技术,1999(4):29-32
[14] 潘天明,张殿敏,朱长喜等.100KW 超音频感应加热电源.电力电子技术,1996(4):10-13
[15] 田健,王华民,郭会军等.串联谐振感应加热电源频率跟踪控制的研究.工业加热,2000(2):4-7
[16] 陶海敏,李彦锋,张仲超等.高压大功率电晕电源的研制.高电压技术,2002,28(6):40-41,54
[17] 孙强,周永明.IGBT逆变器缓存回路的设计. 电工技术,2002(12):30-32
[18] 刘和平等.TMS320LF240x DSP结构原理及应用.北京航空航天大学出版社.2002
[19] 毛鸿,吴兆麟等.感应加热电源无相差频率跟踪控制电路.电力电子技术,1998,32(2),69-72
[20] 惠晶,蔡爱军等.新型ZCS-PLL控制的大功率逆变电源的研究.电力电子技术,2004,38(6),89-91
[21] 李敏远,姜海鹏等.串联谐振逆变器最佳死区的选择[J].电力电子技术,2003,37(4):22-24
[22] 毛晓波,赵文丽等.交流采样技术及其 DSP 实现方法.微计算机信息,2005,21:54-55
[23] 李宾绪.新型大功率开关电源的研制与仿真:[华北电力大学硕士学位论文].保定:华北电力大学图书馆,2001,32-33
[24] 贾正春,马志源.电力电子学.第一版.北京:中国电力出版社,2002
[25] 王鸿钰.实用电源技术手册.上海:上海科技出版社,2002,57
[26] Cesar Gutierrez -Tapia.Dynamics of Ozone Generation in a Silent Oxygen Disch -arge.IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,1998,26(4):1357-1362
[27] Shengpei Wang,Mutsuo Nakaoka,Yoshihiro Konishi.PDM and PWM Hybrid Power Control of a Voltage-Source Type High-Frequency Inverter for Ozonizer Applications.In: IEE Power Electronics and Variable Speed Drives Conference Publications,1998,No.456:40-45
[28] 朴兴哲, 10kHz/150kW 中频感应加热电源的研究.[沈阳工业大学硕士学位论文],沈阳,沈阳工业大学,2005
[29] 杜锦才,丁大庆.并联逆变电源的外桥自激启动电路[J].电力电子技术,1999,33(4):10-12
[30] 魏志轩,晶闸管逆变感应电源启动电路结构分析与设计.电力电子技术,2005,39(4):71-72,76
[31] S.Okudaira & K.Matsuse: Frequency and Power Control of Induction Heater with Adjustable Frequency Quasi-resonant Inverter, In: Transactions of IEEJ, Vol.D-118,1997
[32] 胡维,孟志强等.基于双频逆变拓扑结构的臭氧发生器电源研究.电力科学与工程.2005(4): 26-29
[33] S.Okudaira & K.Matsuse: Power Control of an Adjustable Frequency Quasi-Resonant Inverter for Dual Frequency Induction Heating, Proceeding of IPEMC-2000,S-34-2,pp.968-973,2000
[34] 毛鸿,吴兆麟,候振程.串联型IGBT超音频感应加热电源.工业加热,1998(2):25-28
[35] 熊腊森,全亚杰.高频感应加热逆变电源的研究.电焊机,1999 ,29(12):18-20,23
[36] 林渭勋等.可控硅中频电源.北京:机械工业出版社,1983:18-20
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