配电网无功优化补偿的探讨
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摘要
配电网线损是电网损耗的主要组成部分。为了降低配电网的线损，需要对配电网进行无功补偿。
通过经典无功优化算法，可以比较简便的计算出在单电源配电网中最佳无功补偿容量和最佳补偿位置。本文通过对几种传统无功优化补偿方式的比较，最终选择了等面积法作为本论文的无功补偿优化的计算方法。这种方法具有通用性好、计算方便、便于编程等优点。结合对等面积法的学习，并利用实际运行的线路—北关路进行了计算。最终得到了北关路的最佳补偿容量和补偿位置。
然后本文着重对变电站集中补偿、线路分散补偿、变压器随器补偿这几种补偿方式进行了技术经济比较。结合本地区现实情况中，配电网无功主要来自配电变压器随器补偿的现实。本文提出使用线路分散补偿作为本地区无功补偿的一部分，并提出了随器补偿和分散补偿的配合方法。
Power loss of distribution network accounts for the major part in the total loss of power network. Therefore, it is necessary for reactive power compensation to be adopted to decrease the loss of power distribution network.
By using the classic calculation method for reactive power compensation, the optimum compensation capacity and compensation position for the network with single power can be easily defined. In this article, based on the comparison between several traditional calculation methods, the equivalence square law, which is of excellence in terms of utilization, calculation and programming, is finally selected by the author as the method for calculating reactive power compensation. The author also take the real power network-Beiguan line as an example for the utilization of the equivalence square law, and obtain the the optimum compensation capacity and compensation position for Beiguan line.
Moreover, the technological & economic comparison is carried out between concentrated compensation, respective compensation and transformer compensation. The author finds reactive power compensation mainly arises from the transformer compensation. The respective compensation is suggested as a part for power reactive compensation and the coordination way between transformer compensation and respective compensation is also proposed in this article.
通过经典无功优化算法，可以比较简便的计算出在单电源配电网中最佳无功补偿容量和最佳补偿位置。本文通过对几种传统无功优化补偿方式的比较，最终选择了等面积法作为本论文的无功补偿优化的计算方法。这种方法具有通用性好、计算方便、便于编程等优点。结合对等面积法的学习，并利用实际运行的线路—北关路进行了计算。最终得到了北关路的最佳补偿容量和补偿位置。
然后本文着重对变电站集中补偿、线路分散补偿、变压器随器补偿这几种补偿方式进行了技术经济比较。结合本地区现实情况中，配电网无功主要来自配电变压器随器补偿的现实。本文提出使用线路分散补偿作为本地区无功补偿的一部分，并提出了随器补偿和分散补偿的配合方法。
Power loss of distribution network accounts for the major part in the total loss of power network. Therefore, it is necessary for reactive power compensation to be adopted to decrease the loss of power distribution network.
By using the classic calculation method for reactive power compensation, the optimum compensation capacity and compensation position for the network with single power can be easily defined. In this article, based on the comparison between several traditional calculation methods, the equivalence square law, which is of excellence in terms of utilization, calculation and programming, is finally selected by the author as the method for calculating reactive power compensation. The author also take the real power network-Beiguan line as an example for the utilization of the equivalence square law, and obtain the the optimum compensation capacity and compensation position for Beiguan line.
Moreover, the technological & economic comparison is carried out between concentrated compensation, respective compensation and transformer compensation. The author finds reactive power compensation mainly arises from the transformer compensation. The respective compensation is suggested as a part for power reactive compensation and the coordination way between transformer compensation and respective compensation is also proposed in this article.
引文
1 文福栓，韩桢祥。基于Tabu搜索方法的输电系统最优规划．电网技术．1997，21(5)
2 张学松，柳焯，于尔铿．基于Tabu方法的配电电容器投切策略．电网技术．1998，22(2)
3 周双喜，杨彬．实现无功优化的新算法—遗传算法。电力系统自动化 2000
4 马晋弢，L．L．Lai，杨以涵．遗传算法在电力系统无功优化中的应用．中国电机工程学报．1995，15(5)
5 靳龙章，丁毓山．电网无功补偿实用技术。
6 中国航空工业规划设计研究院等．工业与民用配电设计手册．中国电力出版社
7 杨期于．配电网络．中国电力出版社
8 徐义斌，丁毓山．无功补偿岗位培训教材．中国水利水电出版社
9 虞忠年，陈星莺，刘昊．电力网电能损耗．中国电力出版社
10 Wen Fushuan, Chang C S. A tabu search approach to fault section estimation in power systems. Accepted for Publication in Journal of Electric Power Systems Research. 1997, 42(1)
2 张学松，柳焯，于尔铿．基于Tabu方法的配电电容器投切策略．电网技术．1998，22(2)
3 周双喜，杨彬．实现无功优化的新算法—遗传算法。电力系统自动化 2000
4 马晋弢，L．L．Lai，杨以涵．遗传算法在电力系统无功优化中的应用．中国电机工程学报．1995，15(5)
5 靳龙章，丁毓山．电网无功补偿实用技术。
6 中国航空工业规划设计研究院等．工业与民用配电设计手册．中国电力出版社
7 杨期于．配电网络．中国电力出版社
8 徐义斌，丁毓山．无功补偿岗位培训教材．中国水利水电出版社
9 虞忠年，陈星莺，刘昊．电力网电能损耗．中国电力出版社
10 Wen Fushuan, Chang C S. A tabu search approach to fault section estimation in power systems. Accepted for Publication in Journal of Electric Power Systems Research. 1997, 42(1)