西南寒冷少数民族地区聚居环境营造探索
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摘要
论文拟对西南地区（云、贵、川）中贫困寒冷地区的聚落环境营造进行研究。旨在为经济落后地区地方化的低造价环境艺术空间建设方面提供一些可行的思路。
现今,以高效率、经济至上为代表的都市,正努力改善由于经济发展初期轻率的建设行为形成的日益恶化的城市空间环境，投入了大量的资金去追求自然的环境艺术，却成效甚微；与此同时，却对占据相当人口比例、经济相对落后的小城镇及农村聚落环境关注较少，虽然其环境的好坏影响着绝大多数人。
西南寒冷地区地处西南高地，气候特色及地理环境、人文环境有较为明显的特点，且大多村镇经济条件落后，对其特定范围内环境艺术模式的研究，有助于以低造价技术的模式推广地域技术，创造新的历史条件下的地方环境并有计划地保护和延续地方风貌，避免盲目的扩张建设带来的对传统环境艺术毁灭性的打击。在对西南寒冷地区的村镇作了调查后发现，每个聚落都有其形成的原因与因素----战争、交通、历史、产业等等，但咎其根源在于对安全、健康与可持续发展的生活环境。在西南寒冷地区的聚落环境中有许多优秀的传统地方设计语言，但随着时代的发展，许多聚落存在的基础发生了变化；另外，现代强势文化的侵入带来了许多技术与思想，也对聚落环境传统文化形成了明显的冲击。
汉文化进入西南地区，在当时是通过战争来征服和入侵；现代文化的进入是通过经济入侵方式完成的。现代村镇建造体现出标准构件、批量生产形成的速度诱惑，使居住环境以惊人的速度成长；现代建造技术对速度与巨大的尺度的追求，满足了人类征服地球，征服大自然的欲望，但回过头来发现，人在征服自然的过程中正受到大自然无情的报复。更重要的是，不同地区、不同文化、不同民族的居住者，采用类似的营建方式去营建环境，形成了千篇一律的面貌，让人们失去了自己的“家”。
时代是发展的，都市人口的增长与聚集规模的扩大，使传统的营建方式、低品质的生存环境在许多方面不再适应现代人们的生活，人类聚居环境的营建势必走向新的发展历程。但环境、建筑手段并不是在每个地区是通用的，粗线条的现代技术手段，并不能满足差异巨大的地方环境条件下多种技术与审美心理的需求。地域技术与民族文化是人类聚落环境营建的源头，每个不同的地区都应有自身的技术特点与环境特质。
该论文通过理论加实践的方式，结合四川省“牧民新村”的大规模改造计划，探讨西南寒冷地区新聚落空间环境艺术营造的可行途径，并通过实践活动在低造价聚落环境营造范畴积累经验，促进西南经济落后地区环境的改善。
This discourse is about to study gather environment of proverty iciness region of southwest district(inclided yun,gui,chuan).The aim is to provided some feasibility idea of low cost environment space art for economy behindhand region.
Now most city with efficiency and economy paramount is trying to modify gradully worsen city space environment arosed by flippancy instructive action in early economy developing period.
They paied much to pursued environment art and failed At the same time,they pay less attention to small towm and country gather environment with most population proportion and low economy,although its environment effect most people.
Southwest cold region lies to the southwest altiplano, feature largely in its climite, geopraphy, society environment. Study of the special range environment art mode in most behindhand region will redound to popularize region technic in low cost technology mode, as far as create region environment in new period and protect,extend local scene schemely and prevent of tradition environment from destroying by blindfold instructive . Many research has indicate that every gatherinhabitancy has its form reasion ——war,traffic,history,industry and so on,and the roof is lie on safety,healty,and continualy develop living environment.There was many excellent traditional design language in southwest region,but there base has been varied with the time fly;otherwise ,the modern powerful culture inrush has form obvious impact to the traditional culture environment.
Han culture come into southwest region by war and modern culture by economy inrush.Modern intructive technology appeal great tempt by standard component ,largely produce,all of this greatly promote inhabitance environment,which satisfy human’s conquest of the earth, landscape desire. Amazingly,we get unmercifuly retaliatation by nature and the most important is different resident from different region ,culture,race adopt similar instructive mode to compose environment which shape the same configuration ,we have lost our “home”.
With the time go on ,city population and gather dmensions has expanded, tranditonal contruction mode and low quality living environment even can’t fit modern life in many sides,the human gather environment contructive would surely go to a new develop stage. Surroundings and architecture artifice can not currency in every region,
modern thick line artifice is hard to satisfy the need of multi-technology and taste psychology in huge difference region. Region technology and ethical culture is the source of human gather environment contruction,different region should has it’s own technology feature and environment character.
This discourse is to search the feasibility of new gather space environment art construction in southwest cold region combine with bigreconstruction plan of “mumin new villiage” in sichuan province by theory and practice,besides,to cumulate experence in low cost gather environment construction catefory by practice and improve district environment amelioration of southwest region.
现今,以高效率、经济至上为代表的都市,正努力改善由于经济发展初期轻率的建设行为形成的日益恶化的城市空间环境，投入了大量的资金去追求自然的环境艺术，却成效甚微；与此同时，却对占据相当人口比例、经济相对落后的小城镇及农村聚落环境关注较少，虽然其环境的好坏影响着绝大多数人。
西南寒冷地区地处西南高地，气候特色及地理环境、人文环境有较为明显的特点，且大多村镇经济条件落后，对其特定范围内环境艺术模式的研究，有助于以低造价技术的模式推广地域技术，创造新的历史条件下的地方环境并有计划地保护和延续地方风貌，避免盲目的扩张建设带来的对传统环境艺术毁灭性的打击。在对西南寒冷地区的村镇作了调查后发现，每个聚落都有其形成的原因与因素----战争、交通、历史、产业等等，但咎其根源在于对安全、健康与可持续发展的生活环境。在西南寒冷地区的聚落环境中有许多优秀的传统地方设计语言，但随着时代的发展，许多聚落存在的基础发生了变化；另外，现代强势文化的侵入带来了许多技术与思想，也对聚落环境传统文化形成了明显的冲击。
汉文化进入西南地区，在当时是通过战争来征服和入侵；现代文化的进入是通过经济入侵方式完成的。现代村镇建造体现出标准构件、批量生产形成的速度诱惑，使居住环境以惊人的速度成长；现代建造技术对速度与巨大的尺度的追求，满足了人类征服地球，征服大自然的欲望，但回过头来发现，人在征服自然的过程中正受到大自然无情的报复。更重要的是，不同地区、不同文化、不同民族的居住者，采用类似的营建方式去营建环境，形成了千篇一律的面貌，让人们失去了自己的“家”。
时代是发展的，都市人口的增长与聚集规模的扩大，使传统的营建方式、低品质的生存环境在许多方面不再适应现代人们的生活，人类聚居环境的营建势必走向新的发展历程。但环境、建筑手段并不是在每个地区是通用的，粗线条的现代技术手段，并不能满足差异巨大的地方环境条件下多种技术与审美心理的需求。地域技术与民族文化是人类聚落环境营建的源头，每个不同的地区都应有自身的技术特点与环境特质。
该论文通过理论加实践的方式，结合四川省“牧民新村”的大规模改造计划，探讨西南寒冷地区新聚落空间环境艺术营造的可行途径，并通过实践活动在低造价聚落环境营造范畴积累经验，促进西南经济落后地区环境的改善。
This discourse is about to study gather environment of proverty iciness region of southwest district(inclided yun,gui,chuan).The aim is to provided some feasibility idea of low cost environment space art for economy behindhand region.
Now most city with efficiency and economy paramount is trying to modify gradully worsen city space environment arosed by flippancy instructive action in early economy developing period.
They paied much to pursued environment art and failed At the same time,they pay less attention to small towm and country gather environment with most population proportion and low economy,although its environment effect most people.
Southwest cold region lies to the southwest altiplano, feature largely in its climite, geopraphy, society environment. Study of the special range environment art mode in most behindhand region will redound to popularize region technic in low cost technology mode, as far as create region environment in new period and protect,extend local scene schemely and prevent of tradition environment from destroying by blindfold instructive . Many research has indicate that every gatherinhabitancy has its form reasion ——war,traffic,history,industry and so on,and the roof is lie on safety,healty,and continualy develop living environment.There was many excellent traditional design language in southwest region,but there base has been varied with the time fly;otherwise ,the modern powerful culture inrush has form obvious impact to the traditional culture environment.
Han culture come into southwest region by war and modern culture by economy inrush.Modern intructive technology appeal great tempt by standard component ,largely produce,all of this greatly promote inhabitance environment,which satisfy human’s conquest of the earth, landscape desire. Amazingly,we get unmercifuly retaliatation by nature and the most important is different resident from different region ,culture,race adopt similar instructive mode to compose environment which shape the same configuration ,we have lost our “home”.
With the time go on ,city population and gather dmensions has expanded, tranditonal contruction mode and low quality living environment even can’t fit modern life in many sides,the human gather environment contructive would surely go to a new develop stage. Surroundings and architecture artifice can not currency in every region,
modern thick line artifice is hard to satisfy the need of multi-technology and taste psychology in huge difference region. Region technology and ethical culture is the source of human gather environment contruction,different region should has it’s own technology feature and environment character.
This discourse is to search the feasibility of new gather space environment art construction in southwest cold region combine with bigreconstruction plan of “mumin new villiage” in sichuan province by theory and practice,besides,to cumulate experence in low cost gather environment construction catefory by practice and improve district environment amelioration of southwest region.
引文
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