基于模糊神经网络的变频空调节能研究
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摘要
随着通讯事业的飞速发展,越来越多的通讯机房投入到了建设和使用中。通讯设备不同于一般的工业设备,它需要一个苛刻的工作环境,对所处环境的温度、湿度、洁净度有着明确的要求。通讯机房内的空调机组设备就是用于维护这样一个环境的必要设备。有数据显示一个通讯基站的主要电能消耗在通讯机房内置空调上,提高这些空调机组的效率是降低通讯机房电能消耗量的主要途径。同时,由于近年来国家有关节能减排政策的提出,以及公众环保意识的加强,大能耗设备的节能方面倍受关注。因此,开展对通讯机房专用空调的节能控制研究,对工业产业、机械产业、通讯产业等涉及到节能控制思想的领域有重要的理论意义和实际价值。
本文对应用在通讯机房的空调领域变频节能控制策略进行分析,并将模糊神经网络的控制应用到空调变频节能技术中。研究了基于模糊神经网络控制算法的具体实施过程,包括模糊化方法和神经网络作用方式。借助Matlab/Simulink的控制系统仿真功能,建立基于热力学理想房间模型的模糊神经网络仿真模型,对所设计的空调控制器算法的响应特性,抗干扰性,鲁棒性进行仿真研究,同时与传统的控制方式相比较,在理论上验证基于模糊神经网络的空调控制器的优越性。
对通讯机房专用空调控制器进行变频节能实验研究,设计了基于Microchip公司的dsPIC30F4013为核心的硬件电路,包括微控制器dsPIC及其外围电路、温度检测和转换电路、隔离输出电路、操作和显示电路以及电源电路。采用本文控制策略,实现了软件程序设计、包括主程序、中断子程序、A/D采样和温度测量子程序、温度求解子程序、系统控制子程序、除湿子程序的设计。完成了基于模糊神经网络控制算法的通讯机房专用空调控制器的样机制造。
借助于天津移动的通讯机组设备,进行长达一个月的实地测试,将样机投入到实际的应用中。实际运行表明,将模糊神经网络控制策略用于通讯机房专用空调的变频节能系统,该控制策略是合理与有效的。
With the rapid development of communication industry, more and more communication rooms are put into construction and using process. Communication equipment is unique with other industry equipments, while it needs a severe working environment. It has clear requirements on the working temperature, humidity and cleanness degree. Air conditions are the equipment for serving this kind of environment. Data shows that the main electricity consumption was introduced by the air condition. To improve the efficiency of air condition is a way to cut the electricity consumption of the communication room. At the mean time, with the governmental policies on saving energy and reducing emissions and public awareness on environmental protection, more and more focuses on energy saving for huge equipments come up. Research on the energy saving control for communication room will contribute production industry, mechanical industry and communication industry for both theoretical and practical values.
This paper analyzed the existing control theory on air condition area. Put fuzzy neural network control thought on air condition energy saving area. This paper gave a practical application method for fuzzy neural network algorithm, including fuzzy algorithm and neural network algorithm.
This paper used the simulation function for control system provided by Matlab/Simulink to construct a fuzzy neural network simulation model based on thermo dynamical ideal model, and then tested the response characteristics, interference characteristic and robustness, and at last compared with the traditional control methods. The conclusion was that the control method basing on fuzzy neural network was better than tradition control method. This paper realized the equipment for communication room special used air condition, designed the hardware circuit based on Microchip Company’s dsPIC30F4013, including dsPIC and its peripheral expansion circuit, temperature testing and transferring circuit, isolation and output circuit, display and operation circuit and power supply circuit, designed software program, including main program, interrupt sub program, A/D sampling sub program, temperature testing sub program, temperature changing rate calculating sub program, system control selection sub program, dehumidification sub program. At last, a sample equipment for communication room’s air condition basing on fuzzy neural network control algorithm was produced.
This paper did a practical test in the communication room of Tianjing Mobile, put the sample machine into real life, and then approved the energy saving advantage in practical situation after the theoretical discussion.
This paper analyzed and designed a fuzzy neural network algorithm for the energy saving control equipment for communication room special used air condition. This paper approved the energy saving advantage from both theoretical and practical aspects.
本文对应用在通讯机房的空调领域变频节能控制策略进行分析,并将模糊神经网络的控制应用到空调变频节能技术中。研究了基于模糊神经网络控制算法的具体实施过程,包括模糊化方法和神经网络作用方式。借助Matlab/Simulink的控制系统仿真功能,建立基于热力学理想房间模型的模糊神经网络仿真模型,对所设计的空调控制器算法的响应特性,抗干扰性,鲁棒性进行仿真研究,同时与传统的控制方式相比较,在理论上验证基于模糊神经网络的空调控制器的优越性。
对通讯机房专用空调控制器进行变频节能实验研究,设计了基于Microchip公司的dsPIC30F4013为核心的硬件电路,包括微控制器dsPIC及其外围电路、温度检测和转换电路、隔离输出电路、操作和显示电路以及电源电路。采用本文控制策略,实现了软件程序设计、包括主程序、中断子程序、A/D采样和温度测量子程序、温度求解子程序、系统控制子程序、除湿子程序的设计。完成了基于模糊神经网络控制算法的通讯机房专用空调控制器的样机制造。
借助于天津移动的通讯机组设备,进行长达一个月的实地测试,将样机投入到实际的应用中。实际运行表明,将模糊神经网络控制策略用于通讯机房专用空调的变频节能系统,该控制策略是合理与有效的。
With the rapid development of communication industry, more and more communication rooms are put into construction and using process. Communication equipment is unique with other industry equipments, while it needs a severe working environment. It has clear requirements on the working temperature, humidity and cleanness degree. Air conditions are the equipment for serving this kind of environment. Data shows that the main electricity consumption was introduced by the air condition. To improve the efficiency of air condition is a way to cut the electricity consumption of the communication room. At the mean time, with the governmental policies on saving energy and reducing emissions and public awareness on environmental protection, more and more focuses on energy saving for huge equipments come up. Research on the energy saving control for communication room will contribute production industry, mechanical industry and communication industry for both theoretical and practical values.
This paper analyzed the existing control theory on air condition area. Put fuzzy neural network control thought on air condition energy saving area. This paper gave a practical application method for fuzzy neural network algorithm, including fuzzy algorithm and neural network algorithm.
This paper used the simulation function for control system provided by Matlab/Simulink to construct a fuzzy neural network simulation model based on thermo dynamical ideal model, and then tested the response characteristics, interference characteristic and robustness, and at last compared with the traditional control methods. The conclusion was that the control method basing on fuzzy neural network was better than tradition control method. This paper realized the equipment for communication room special used air condition, designed the hardware circuit based on Microchip Company’s dsPIC30F4013, including dsPIC and its peripheral expansion circuit, temperature testing and transferring circuit, isolation and output circuit, display and operation circuit and power supply circuit, designed software program, including main program, interrupt sub program, A/D sampling sub program, temperature testing sub program, temperature changing rate calculating sub program, system control selection sub program, dehumidification sub program. At last, a sample equipment for communication room’s air condition basing on fuzzy neural network control algorithm was produced.
This paper did a practical test in the communication room of Tianjing Mobile, put the sample machine into real life, and then approved the energy saving advantage in practical situation after the theoretical discussion.
This paper analyzed and designed a fuzzy neural network algorithm for the energy saving control equipment for communication room special used air condition. This paper approved the energy saving advantage from both theoretical and practical aspects.
引文
1李浙.浅谈程控交换机房的空调设计.制冷空调与电力机械. 2002, 23(85):51~53
2 H. J. Chen, W. X. Shi. Study on Compressor Model for Simulation of Inverter Air Conditioner by Graphic Method. Proc of the 3rd Int Compressor Technique Conference, Xi’an. 2001. Xi’an Jiaotong University Press:110~11
3靳孝峰,常青.变频空调节能刍议.电力需求侧管理. 2005, 7(6):61~62
4 Y. C. Park, Y. C. Kim. Performance Analysis on a Multi-type Inverter Air Conditioner. Energy Conversion and Management. 2001, (42):1607~1621
5曹勇,赵站春.智能变频空调器的模糊控制技术.控制系统. 2002, (6):28~30
6黄布毅.模糊控制技术在家用电器中的应用.中国轻工业出版社, 1998:5~7
7 X. Zhou. Modeling and Research on the Characteristics of Double-evaporator Air Conditioner with Inverter. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University. 2002, 36(11):1675~1679
8魏文学.日本的暖通空调及制冷工业——1998年回顾与1999年展望.家用电器科技. 1999, (3):30~31
9王文斌,刘怀灿.论变频空调器的频率控制逻辑.家电科技. 2007, (3):62~63
10 R. N. Koury, L. Machado. Numerical Simulation of a Variable Speed Refrigeration System. Int J Refrigeration. 2001, 24(2):192~200
11梁勇.中央空调系统的变频控制.煤炭技术. 2004, 23(10):31
12 B. M. Vinagre. Fractional PID Controller for Industry Application. ISA Transactions. 2006, 45(1):109~118
13藤原敏生.模糊控制及应用.清华大学出版社, 1995:57~59
14 E. H. Mamdani. Development in Fuzzy Logic Control. Proof 23rd Conference on Decision and Control. 1984
15 J. Carvajal, G. Chen. Fuzzy PID Controller-Design, Performance Evaluation and Stability Analysis. Information Sciences. 2000, 123:249~270
16 X. M. Zhao. Simulation Analysis of Automobile Air-conditioner Based on Fuzzy Logic Control. Proceedings 2009 International Conference on Computer and Automation Engineering. 2009:169~173
17李士勇.模糊控制、神经控制和智能控制论.哈尔滨工业大学出版社, 1998:25~42
18 M. Mizumoto. Realization of PID Controls by Fuzzy Control Methods. FuzzySets and System. 1995, (70):171~182
19 T. P. Albert, W. L. Chan. A Neural-Network-Based Identifier Controller for Modern HVAC Control. ASHRA trans. 1995, 101(2):14~31
20黄晓斌,杨伟国.变频空调器的模糊CMAM神经网络控制.制冷技术. 2004, 3:34~36
21 B. Jewel. Low-speed Wind Tunnel Testing. New York Wiley. 1999:13~15
22徐宝萍,付林.计量供热系统楼栋动态特性模拟与分析.清华大学学报(自然科学版). 2008, 48(3):205~208
23 P. J. King, E. H. Mamdani. The Application of Fuzzy Control System to Industrial Processes. Special Interest Discussion on Fuzzy Automata and Decision Processes. 6th IFAC World Congress, Boston. 1995:8~13
24王淑青,杨桦.模糊PID复合控制在变频空调中应用研究.微计算机信息(测控自动化). 2006, (22):42~44
25李国勇.智能控制及其MATLAB实现.电子工业出版社, 2005:194~230
26 L. David. Rule Evaporative Cooling Maintenance to Improve System Efficiency. Ashram Journal. 1994, 36(4):17~21
27 S. C. Hu. Development and Testing of a Multi-type Air Conditioner Without Using AC inverters. Energy Conversion and Management. 2005, 46(3):373~383
28 S. Pongsakorn. Modeling and Experimental Study on Performance of Inverter Air Conditioner with Variation of Capillary Tube. Energy Conversion and Management. 2007, 48(2):344~354
29 M. Masuda, K. Wakahara, K. Marsuki. Development of a Multi-system Air Conditioner for Residential Use. Ashrae Transactions. 1991, 1:127~131
30谢海敏.空调系统中的除湿技术及其节能分析.应用能源技术. 2008, (4): 35~40
31机房专用精密空调压缩机变频节电设备(实验报告). 2010: 15~18
32 A. S. Shahnawaz. Fuzzy Logic Based Energy Saving Technique for A Central Air Conditioning System. Energy. 2007, 32(7):1222~1234
33 S. Kaname. Energy-saving Room Air Conditioner Development in Toshiba. Journal of the Japan Institute of Energy. 2003, 82(9):655~660
34 J. Xie. Design of Fuzzy Controller for Central Air Conditioner. Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology. 2003, 12:20~24
35 S. Shao. Performance Representation of Varialbe-speed Compressor for inverter Air Conditioners Based on Experimental Data. International Journal of Refrigeration. 2004, 27(8):805~815
36李国勇.神经模糊理论及应用.电子工业出版社. 2009: 37~41
37 O.Mohmmed. Pactiacl Experiences with an Adaptive Neural Network Short-term Load Forecasting System.IEEE Trans. Power Systems. 1995, 10(1): 254~265
38王万召,蒋建飞.流化床锅炉燃烧系统模糊BP神经网络PID解耦控制.仪表技术与传感器. 2009, 4: 97~99
39张福恩.模糊辨识及模糊算法应用研究.哈尔滨工业大学[D], 2002: 75~77
40王淑青,杨桦,何涛.模糊PID复合控制在变频空调中应用研究.微计算机信息(测控自动化). 2006, 22(6-1): 42~44
41李英顺,伦淑娴.模糊控制PID测控.仪表技术与传感器. 2003, (5): 39~41
42郭旭红,芮延年.基于遗传算法的模糊智能变频空调仿真系统的研究.系统仿真学报. 2005, 17(5): 1237~1243
43王正林,郭阳宽.过程控制与Simulink应用.电子工业出版社. 2006: 39~41
44楼顺天,胡昌华,张伟.基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计——模糊系统.西安电子科技大学出版社. 2003: 39~41
45 X. Miao. Energy Saving and Economical Analysis of Frequency Conversion Operation for Colling Water Pumps in Underground Engineering Air Conditioning System. 2009 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference. 2009, Wuhan. 2009:1~4
2 H. J. Chen, W. X. Shi. Study on Compressor Model for Simulation of Inverter Air Conditioner by Graphic Method. Proc of the 3rd Int Compressor Technique Conference, Xi’an. 2001. Xi’an Jiaotong University Press:110~11
3靳孝峰,常青.变频空调节能刍议.电力需求侧管理. 2005, 7(6):61~62
4 Y. C. Park, Y. C. Kim. Performance Analysis on a Multi-type Inverter Air Conditioner. Energy Conversion and Management. 2001, (42):1607~1621
5曹勇,赵站春.智能变频空调器的模糊控制技术.控制系统. 2002, (6):28~30
6黄布毅.模糊控制技术在家用电器中的应用.中国轻工业出版社, 1998:5~7
7 X. Zhou. Modeling and Research on the Characteristics of Double-evaporator Air Conditioner with Inverter. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University. 2002, 36(11):1675~1679
8魏文学.日本的暖通空调及制冷工业——1998年回顾与1999年展望.家用电器科技. 1999, (3):30~31
9王文斌,刘怀灿.论变频空调器的频率控制逻辑.家电科技. 2007, (3):62~63
10 R. N. Koury, L. Machado. Numerical Simulation of a Variable Speed Refrigeration System. Int J Refrigeration. 2001, 24(2):192~200
11梁勇.中央空调系统的变频控制.煤炭技术. 2004, 23(10):31
12 B. M. Vinagre. Fractional PID Controller for Industry Application. ISA Transactions. 2006, 45(1):109~118
13藤原敏生.模糊控制及应用.清华大学出版社, 1995:57~59
14 E. H. Mamdani. Development in Fuzzy Logic Control. Proof 23rd Conference on Decision and Control. 1984
15 J. Carvajal, G. Chen. Fuzzy PID Controller-Design, Performance Evaluation and Stability Analysis. Information Sciences. 2000, 123:249~270
16 X. M. Zhao. Simulation Analysis of Automobile Air-conditioner Based on Fuzzy Logic Control. Proceedings 2009 International Conference on Computer and Automation Engineering. 2009:169~173
17李士勇.模糊控制、神经控制和智能控制论.哈尔滨工业大学出版社, 1998:25~42
18 M. Mizumoto. Realization of PID Controls by Fuzzy Control Methods. FuzzySets and System. 1995, (70):171~182
19 T. P. Albert, W. L. Chan. A Neural-Network-Based Identifier Controller for Modern HVAC Control. ASHRA trans. 1995, 101(2):14~31
20黄晓斌,杨伟国.变频空调器的模糊CMAM神经网络控制.制冷技术. 2004, 3:34~36
21 B. Jewel. Low-speed Wind Tunnel Testing. New York Wiley. 1999:13~15
22徐宝萍,付林.计量供热系统楼栋动态特性模拟与分析.清华大学学报(自然科学版). 2008, 48(3):205~208
23 P. J. King, E. H. Mamdani. The Application of Fuzzy Control System to Industrial Processes. Special Interest Discussion on Fuzzy Automata and Decision Processes. 6th IFAC World Congress, Boston. 1995:8~13
24王淑青,杨桦.模糊PID复合控制在变频空调中应用研究.微计算机信息(测控自动化). 2006, (22):42~44
25李国勇.智能控制及其MATLAB实现.电子工业出版社, 2005:194~230
26 L. David. Rule Evaporative Cooling Maintenance to Improve System Efficiency. Ashram Journal. 1994, 36(4):17~21
27 S. C. Hu. Development and Testing of a Multi-type Air Conditioner Without Using AC inverters. Energy Conversion and Management. 2005, 46(3):373~383
28 S. Pongsakorn. Modeling and Experimental Study on Performance of Inverter Air Conditioner with Variation of Capillary Tube. Energy Conversion and Management. 2007, 48(2):344~354
29 M. Masuda, K. Wakahara, K. Marsuki. Development of a Multi-system Air Conditioner for Residential Use. Ashrae Transactions. 1991, 1:127~131
30谢海敏.空调系统中的除湿技术及其节能分析.应用能源技术. 2008, (4): 35~40
31机房专用精密空调压缩机变频节电设备(实验报告). 2010: 15~18
32 A. S. Shahnawaz. Fuzzy Logic Based Energy Saving Technique for A Central Air Conditioning System. Energy. 2007, 32(7):1222~1234
33 S. Kaname. Energy-saving Room Air Conditioner Development in Toshiba. Journal of the Japan Institute of Energy. 2003, 82(9):655~660
34 J. Xie. Design of Fuzzy Controller for Central Air Conditioner. Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology. 2003, 12:20~24
35 S. Shao. Performance Representation of Varialbe-speed Compressor for inverter Air Conditioners Based on Experimental Data. International Journal of Refrigeration. 2004, 27(8):805~815
36李国勇.神经模糊理论及应用.电子工业出版社. 2009: 37~41
37 O.Mohmmed. Pactiacl Experiences with an Adaptive Neural Network Short-term Load Forecasting System.IEEE Trans. Power Systems. 1995, 10(1): 254~265
38王万召,蒋建飞.流化床锅炉燃烧系统模糊BP神经网络PID解耦控制.仪表技术与传感器. 2009, 4: 97~99
39张福恩.模糊辨识及模糊算法应用研究.哈尔滨工业大学[D], 2002: 75~77
40王淑青,杨桦,何涛.模糊PID复合控制在变频空调中应用研究.微计算机信息(测控自动化). 2006, 22(6-1): 42~44
41李英顺,伦淑娴.模糊控制PID测控.仪表技术与传感器. 2003, (5): 39~41
42郭旭红,芮延年.基于遗传算法的模糊智能变频空调仿真系统的研究.系统仿真学报. 2005, 17(5): 1237~1243
43王正林,郭阳宽.过程控制与Simulink应用.电子工业出版社. 2006: 39~41
44楼顺天,胡昌华,张伟.基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计——模糊系统.西安电子科技大学出版社. 2003: 39~41
45 X. Miao. Energy Saving and Economical Analysis of Frequency Conversion Operation for Colling Water Pumps in Underground Engineering Air Conditioning System. 2009 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference. 2009, Wuhan. 2009:1~4