基于IP核复用的指纹识别系统的研究与应用
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摘要
指纹识别系统在很多领域得到广泛的应用,但当今市场上的指纹识别系统厂商所提供的指纹识别应用系统和解决方案,从指纹识别应用系统到指纹识别软件开发包,无论是系统集成还是应用开发的增值产品、嵌入式系统或其他计算机软件,普遍存在价格昂贵的因素。
面对这种情况本文从系统模块的角度出发,根据指纹识别系统的功能需求,运用SoC软硬件协同设计的方法把软硬件相结合,探索构建一个可复用、成本价格低、拥有自主知识权产的指纹识别系统IP核(Intellectual Property)知识产权模块。本文的主要内容如下:
(1)从系统模块的角度出发,运用SoC软硬件协同设计的方法,对指纹识别系统IP核模块的体系结构进行规划和构想,考虑指纹识别系统IP核知识产权模块各个部分的组成。
(2)对ARM处理器、Linux嵌入式操作系统、指纹采集芯片硬件电路及驱动程序、指纹识别算法程序进行集成,形成一个指纹识别算法SoC片上系统,初步形成一个指纹识别算法IP核知识产权模块。
(3)实现了FPS200指纹传感器芯片的硬件电路连接设计和基于Linux2.6内核的USB驱动程序设计,在指纹识别算法模块的实现过程中对指纹识别算法进行了学习和研究,针对ARM处理器没有浮点运算和除法运算指令的特点对指纹识别算法进行了优化。
(4)设计了指纹识别IP核系统的初始化、复位功能、安全设置、参数设置等功能,通过提供网络和串口系统接口模块对指纹识别IP核系统进行封装,使PC机和单片机、ARM等嵌入式设备系统通过复用指纹识别IP核系统可以方便地实现门禁、考勤、身份认证等系统。
Fingerprint identification system is to be used widely in many areas. But in today's market, fingerprint identification applications and solutions of fingerprint identification systems provided by the manufacturers, from systems to software development kit, whether it is systems integration or the value-added products of application development, embedded systems or other computer software, high cost is a main factor which keeps the fingerprint systems from being widely used.
To meet the challenge of this situation, we explored in building a low-cost, reusable, and intellectual property right self holding fingerprint identification system IP (Intellectual Property)core module, from the perspective of the system module, to meet the fingerprint identification system function requirements, SoC hardware and software co-design approach is adopted in the process of software and hardware integration. The main contents of this paper are as follows:
(1)Considering the architecture of fingerprint identification system IP core modules from the perspective of system module, the composition of fingerprint identification System IP core modules is planned. The co-design approach of SoC hardware and software is adopted.
(2) The ARM CPU, embedded Linux operating system, fingerprints sensor chip and driver, fingerprint identification algorithm program are integrated to form a fingerprint identification algorithm SoC system, which formed a sketch of the fingerprint identification algorithm IP core module.
(3) The Implementation of the FPS200 fingerprint sensor chip hardware circuit design and connection, designing process of the USB driver for Linux2.6 kernel, the fingerprint identification programs, and the optimization of the fingerprint identification algorithms for the ARM CPU which does not have built-in floating-point processing unit and the division operation instructions.
(4)The designing of the initialization and reset functions, the security settings and parameters setting functions of the fingerprint identification system IP core. By providing network and serial interface module system of fingerprint identification system for IP nuclear package so that the PC and MCU, ARM, and other embedded devices can rapily implement access control, attendance recording, and identity authentication system by reusing the reusable system.
面对这种情况本文从系统模块的角度出发,根据指纹识别系统的功能需求,运用SoC软硬件协同设计的方法把软硬件相结合,探索构建一个可复用、成本价格低、拥有自主知识权产的指纹识别系统IP核(Intellectual Property)知识产权模块。本文的主要内容如下:
(1)从系统模块的角度出发,运用SoC软硬件协同设计的方法,对指纹识别系统IP核模块的体系结构进行规划和构想,考虑指纹识别系统IP核知识产权模块各个部分的组成。
(2)对ARM处理器、Linux嵌入式操作系统、指纹采集芯片硬件电路及驱动程序、指纹识别算法程序进行集成,形成一个指纹识别算法SoC片上系统,初步形成一个指纹识别算法IP核知识产权模块。
(3)实现了FPS200指纹传感器芯片的硬件电路连接设计和基于Linux2.6内核的USB驱动程序设计,在指纹识别算法模块的实现过程中对指纹识别算法进行了学习和研究,针对ARM处理器没有浮点运算和除法运算指令的特点对指纹识别算法进行了优化。
(4)设计了指纹识别IP核系统的初始化、复位功能、安全设置、参数设置等功能,通过提供网络和串口系统接口模块对指纹识别IP核系统进行封装,使PC机和单片机、ARM等嵌入式设备系统通过复用指纹识别IP核系统可以方便地实现门禁、考勤、身份认证等系统。
Fingerprint identification system is to be used widely in many areas. But in today's market, fingerprint identification applications and solutions of fingerprint identification systems provided by the manufacturers, from systems to software development kit, whether it is systems integration or the value-added products of application development, embedded systems or other computer software, high cost is a main factor which keeps the fingerprint systems from being widely used.
To meet the challenge of this situation, we explored in building a low-cost, reusable, and intellectual property right self holding fingerprint identification system IP (Intellectual Property)core module, from the perspective of the system module, to meet the fingerprint identification system function requirements, SoC hardware and software co-design approach is adopted in the process of software and hardware integration. The main contents of this paper are as follows:
(1)Considering the architecture of fingerprint identification system IP core modules from the perspective of system module, the composition of fingerprint identification System IP core modules is planned. The co-design approach of SoC hardware and software is adopted.
(2) The ARM CPU, embedded Linux operating system, fingerprints sensor chip and driver, fingerprint identification algorithm program are integrated to form a fingerprint identification algorithm SoC system, which formed a sketch of the fingerprint identification algorithm IP core module.
(3) The Implementation of the FPS200 fingerprint sensor chip hardware circuit design and connection, designing process of the USB driver for Linux2.6 kernel, the fingerprint identification programs, and the optimization of the fingerprint identification algorithms for the ARM CPU which does not have built-in floating-point processing unit and the division operation instructions.
(4)The designing of the initialization and reset functions, the security settings and parameters setting functions of the fingerprint identification system IP core. By providing network and serial interface module system of fingerprint identification system for IP nuclear package so that the PC and MCU, ARM, and other embedded devices can rapily implement access control, attendance recording, and identity authentication system by reusing the reusable system.
引文
[1]Jain A K,Hong L,Bolle R.On-line fingerprint verification[J].IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,1997,19(4):302-314.
[2]Pankanti S,Prabhakar S,Jain A K.On the individuality of fingerprints[J].IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,2002,24(8):1010-1025.
[3]马光胜,冯刚.SoC设计与Ip核重用技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2006
[4]沈理编著.SOC/ASIC设计、验证和测试方法学[M].广州:中山大学出版社,2006
[5 郭兵编著.SoC技术原理与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006
[6]安德鲁斯著,周立功等译.ARM SoC设计的软件和硬件协同验证[M].北京:航空航天大学出版社,2006
[7]刘丽编著.SoC原理、实现与应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2005
[8]Steve Furber编著,田泽、于敦山、盛世敏译.ARM SOC体系结构[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[9]陈章龙,唐志强,涂时亮.嵌入式技术与系统[M].Intel XScale结构与开发.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004
[10]胥静主编.嵌入式系统设计与开发实例详解:基于ARM的应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[11]赵炯.Linux内核完全注释[M].机械工业出版社,2004
[12]Daniel P.Bovet,Marco Cesat著,陈莉君、冯锐、牛欣源译.深入理解Linux内核[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2001
[13]Alessandro Rubini、Jonathan Corbe著,魏永明、骆刚、姜君译.Linux设备驱动程序[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2002
[14]刘胤杰,岳浩.Linux操作系统教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2005
[15]Shouqian Yu、Weihai Chen.Development of ARM-based Embedded System for Robot Applications[J].2006 IEEE Conference on Robotics,Automation and Mechatronics
[16]田捷,杨鑫编著.生物特征识别技术理论与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005
[17]赵应丁.基于嵌入式应用的指纹识别技术研究[D].中国科学院博士学位论文,2005
[18]梁广民,蔡学军.OPTA算法的改进及其在指纹图像细化中的应用[J].计算机工程与设计2006第23期:4607-4609
[19]冯星奎,李林艳,颜祖泉.一种新的指纹图象细化算法[J].中国图象图形学报,1999,4(10):835-838.
[20]罗希平,田捷.自动指纹识别中的图像增强和细节匹配算法[J].软件学报,2002,Vol.13,No.5:946-956.
[21]谭台哲、宁新宝、尹义龙等.一种指纹图像奇异点检测的方法[J].软件学报,2003,14(6):1082-1088
[22]Sanjay Ranade,Azriel Rosenfeld.Point Pattern mathcing by relaxation.Pattern Recongition[J].1980,12(5):269-275.
[23]G.Stockman,S.Kopstain and S.Benett.Matching images to models for registration and objeCt detection via clustering[J].IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,1992,14(3):229-234.
[24]Anil KJ ain,LinHong,Bolle R.On-line fingeprint verifieation [J].IEEE Tarnsactions on pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,1997,19(4):302-310.
[25]林创伟.指纹识别系统的算法研究[D].广东工业大学硕士学位论文,2005
[26]付景广.指纹识别中若干关键算法的研究[D].中国科学院博士学位论文,2003
[27]Lin Hong,Wan Yifei,Jain A.Fingerprint image enhancement: algorithm and performance evaluation[J].IEEE Trans on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,1998,20(8):777-789
[28]王玮.自动指纹识别系统关键技术研究[D].重庆大学博士学位论文,2007
[29]B.G.Sherlock,D.M.Monro,and K.Millard.Fingerprint Enhancement by Directional Fourier Filtering[J].IEEE Proc.Vis.Image Signal Process,Vol.141,No.2,April 1994.
[30]Oivind Due,Anil.K.Jain.Goal-Directional Evaluational of Binarization Methods[J].IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,Vol.17,No.12,pp1191-1201,December 1995.
[31]J.Bernsen.Dynamic Thresholding of Gray-level Images[J]Proc.Eighth Int' l Conf.Pattern Recognition,pp1251-1255,Paris,1986
[32]Eikvil,T.Taxt,and K.Moen.A Fast Adaptive Method for Binarization of DocumentImages.Proc.First Int' l Conf.Document Analysis and Recognition,pp435-443,Saince,1991.
[33]K.V.Mardia,T.J.Hainsworth.A Spatial thresholding method for image segmentation[J].IEEE Trans.Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,Vol.10,No.6,pp.919-927,1988.
[34]S.D.Yanowitz and A.M.Bruckstein.A new method for image segmentation[J].Graphics and Image Processing,Vol.46,No.1,pp.82-95,Apr.1989.
[35]J.R.Parker.Gray level thresholding in badly illuminated images[J].IEEE Trans.Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,Vol.13,No.8:813-819,1991.
[36]Toshio Kamei,Masanori Mizoguchi.Image Filter Design For Fingerprint Enhancement[J].IEEE Proceedings of the International Symposium on Computer Vision(ISCV'95),1995:106-124
[37]研兴EDK-270SL开发板DataSheet.http://www.yanxingtech.com
[38]孙琼编著.嵌入式Linux应用程序开发详解[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006
[39]赵应丁,刘金刚.基于USB接口的指纹检测模块设计实现[J].微电子学与计算机2005年第22卷第3期:p51-55
[40]Jonathan Corbet等著,魏永明等译.LINUX设备驱动程序[M].中国电力出版社,2006
[41]FPS200 DataSheet.http://www.veridicom.com
[42]佟雨兵,张其善.USB型指纹采集仪的设计与实现[J].光电技术应用2004年第2期:P76-79
[43]博创科技编著.MP3播放器与U盘设计[M].清华大学出版社2004
[44]张威编.Linux网络编程教程[M].北京:北京希望电子出版社,2002
[45]谭献海等编著.网络编程技术及应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006
[46]王艳平,张越编著.Windows网络与通信程序设计[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006
[2]Pankanti S,Prabhakar S,Jain A K.On the individuality of fingerprints[J].IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,2002,24(8):1010-1025.
[3]马光胜,冯刚.SoC设计与Ip核重用技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2006
[4]沈理编著.SOC/ASIC设计、验证和测试方法学[M].广州:中山大学出版社,2006
[5 郭兵编著.SoC技术原理与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006
[6]安德鲁斯著,周立功等译.ARM SoC设计的软件和硬件协同验证[M].北京:航空航天大学出版社,2006
[7]刘丽编著.SoC原理、实现与应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2005
[8]Steve Furber编著,田泽、于敦山、盛世敏译.ARM SOC体系结构[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[9]陈章龙,唐志强,涂时亮.嵌入式技术与系统[M].Intel XScale结构与开发.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004
[10]胥静主编.嵌入式系统设计与开发实例详解:基于ARM的应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[11]赵炯.Linux内核完全注释[M].机械工业出版社,2004
[12]Daniel P.Bovet,Marco Cesat著,陈莉君、冯锐、牛欣源译.深入理解Linux内核[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2001
[13]Alessandro Rubini、Jonathan Corbe著,魏永明、骆刚、姜君译.Linux设备驱动程序[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2002
[14]刘胤杰,岳浩.Linux操作系统教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2005
[15]Shouqian Yu、Weihai Chen.Development of ARM-based Embedded System for Robot Applications[J].2006 IEEE Conference on Robotics,Automation and Mechatronics
[16]田捷,杨鑫编著.生物特征识别技术理论与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005
[17]赵应丁.基于嵌入式应用的指纹识别技术研究[D].中国科学院博士学位论文,2005
[18]梁广民,蔡学军.OPTA算法的改进及其在指纹图像细化中的应用[J].计算机工程与设计2006第23期:4607-4609
[19]冯星奎,李林艳,颜祖泉.一种新的指纹图象细化算法[J].中国图象图形学报,1999,4(10):835-838.
[20]罗希平,田捷.自动指纹识别中的图像增强和细节匹配算法[J].软件学报,2002,Vol.13,No.5:946-956.
[21]谭台哲、宁新宝、尹义龙等.一种指纹图像奇异点检测的方法[J].软件学报,2003,14(6):1082-1088
[22]Sanjay Ranade,Azriel Rosenfeld.Point Pattern mathcing by relaxation.Pattern Recongition[J].1980,12(5):269-275.
[23]G.Stockman,S.Kopstain and S.Benett.Matching images to models for registration and objeCt detection via clustering[J].IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,1992,14(3):229-234.
[24]Anil KJ ain,LinHong,Bolle R.On-line fingeprint verifieation [J].IEEE Tarnsactions on pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,1997,19(4):302-310.
[25]林创伟.指纹识别系统的算法研究[D].广东工业大学硕士学位论文,2005
[26]付景广.指纹识别中若干关键算法的研究[D].中国科学院博士学位论文,2003
[27]Lin Hong,Wan Yifei,Jain A.Fingerprint image enhancement: algorithm and performance evaluation[J].IEEE Trans on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,1998,20(8):777-789
[28]王玮.自动指纹识别系统关键技术研究[D].重庆大学博士学位论文,2007
[29]B.G.Sherlock,D.M.Monro,and K.Millard.Fingerprint Enhancement by Directional Fourier Filtering[J].IEEE Proc.Vis.Image Signal Process,Vol.141,No.2,April 1994.
[30]Oivind Due,Anil.K.Jain.Goal-Directional Evaluational of Binarization Methods[J].IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,Vol.17,No.12,pp1191-1201,December 1995.
[31]J.Bernsen.Dynamic Thresholding of Gray-level Images[J]Proc.Eighth Int' l Conf.Pattern Recognition,pp1251-1255,Paris,1986
[32]Eikvil,T.Taxt,and K.Moen.A Fast Adaptive Method for Binarization of DocumentImages.Proc.First Int' l Conf.Document Analysis and Recognition,pp435-443,Saince,1991.
[33]K.V.Mardia,T.J.Hainsworth.A Spatial thresholding method for image segmentation[J].IEEE Trans.Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,Vol.10,No.6,pp.919-927,1988.
[34]S.D.Yanowitz and A.M.Bruckstein.A new method for image segmentation[J].Graphics and Image Processing,Vol.46,No.1,pp.82-95,Apr.1989.
[35]J.R.Parker.Gray level thresholding in badly illuminated images[J].IEEE Trans.Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,Vol.13,No.8:813-819,1991.
[36]Toshio Kamei,Masanori Mizoguchi.Image Filter Design For Fingerprint Enhancement[J].IEEE Proceedings of the International Symposium on Computer Vision(ISCV'95),1995:106-124
[37]研兴EDK-270SL开发板DataSheet.http://www.yanxingtech.com
[38]孙琼编著.嵌入式Linux应用程序开发详解[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006
[39]赵应丁,刘金刚.基于USB接口的指纹检测模块设计实现[J].微电子学与计算机2005年第22卷第3期:p51-55
[40]Jonathan Corbet等著,魏永明等译.LINUX设备驱动程序[M].中国电力出版社,2006
[41]FPS200 DataSheet.http://www.veridicom.com
[42]佟雨兵,张其善.USB型指纹采集仪的设计与实现[J].光电技术应用2004年第2期:P76-79
[43]博创科技编著.MP3播放器与U盘设计[M].清华大学出版社2004
[44]张威编.Linux网络编程教程[M].北京:北京希望电子出版社,2002
[45]谭献海等编著.网络编程技术及应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006
[46]王艳平,张越编著.Windows网络与通信程序设计[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006