水解—外循环厌氧工艺处理甲醇废水的生产性试验研究
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摘要
哈尔滨气化厂是国家重点工程,目前担负着哈尔滨全市的煤气供应任务。自1993年6月试车投产以来,始终把环保工作做为中心工作,但由于哈尔滨城市煤气用量逐年增加,矿进原煤煤质较差,导致煤气化废水水质、水量超出原造气及生化废水装置的处理能力,致使造气废水不能达标排放。
甲醇作为一种重要的有机化工原料,在化学工业、医药工业、轻纺民用工业以及运输行业等国民经济部门都有广泛的用途。随着国内一些甲醇生产装置的相继投产,对周围环境产生的影响也日益严重,特别是甲醇废水对周围纳污水体环境的威胁更是突出。为此,解决对生态环境的污染问题,进行综合废水处理是哈尔滨气化厂当前的紧迫任务。
本论文对采用水解-外循环厌氧工艺处理哈尔滨气化厂高浓度甲醇废水进行了广泛、深入、系统的研究,通过实际工程调试,完成污泥的驯化和系统的启动,最终得出如下结论,水解-厌氧处理系统利用厌氧颗粒污泥作为接种污泥,在25天内完成了污泥的驯化及反应器的启动,稳定运行后对甲醇废水的COD去除效果良好,去除率稳定在90%左右;水解池具有一定的抗冲击负荷能力,经过水解池的调节中和、水解酸化作用,出水水质较为稳定,提高了废水的可生化性,为后续的厌氧处理作了充分的准备;外循环厌氧反应器采用了旋流配水方式,进水与反应器内污泥混合效果良好,反应器可以承受一定程度的COD浓度、PH值、水力负荷等的冲击变化,具有一定的耐冲击能力。其运行最佳PH值范围为7.1～7.3,水温30℃～34℃。本论文的结果对今后的运行调试和其他相关厌氧处理工程的设计运行以及相关的高浓度废水处理起到很好的示范作用和指导意义。
Harbin Gasification Plant is the state's key projects, charged with the Harbin city gas supply task. Since June 1993 the trial operation, it has consistently regarded as a center for environmental work. However, the Harbin city gas consumption has increased, quality of coal is decrease, resulted in thewastewater quality, stood beyond the original gas and biochemical devices wastewater treatment capacity, causing wastewater of discharge gas below the standards.
Methanol, as an important organic chemical raw materials, is widely used in the chemical industry, pHarmaceutical industry, textile civilian industries and the transport sector of the national economy and other sectors. With some domestic methanol production plants were in operation, the threat to the surrounding environment is increasingly serious. Methanol wastewater particularly satisfied that the surrounding environment of sewage a threat is obvious. Therefore, how to the solve the solution to the ecological environment, and the problem of wastewater pollution is the urgent task for the gasification plant in Harbin an at present.
The thesis made an extensive, in-depth and systematic research of the treatment of high concentration methanol wastewater from Harbin Gasification plant by hydrolysis_anaerobic process, comlpeted the activated of sludge and the start of the system by the engineer_testing studied the operating parameters of the treatment of this kind of wastewater by hydrolysis_anaerobic process in-depth discussed the operating effectiveness, efficiency, and control factors of each unit, got the summary conclusions on the future operation of debugging and other related anaerobic treatment of the design of the project anaerobic technology for the practical application of a reliable theoretical basis, technical methods and means to resolve the problem. At last we got following conclusions:The hydrolysis_anaerobic process is start by anaerobic sludge in 25 days, the removal rate of COD is above 90%; The hydrolysis tank got the ability of anti_impact and regulation of the quality and quatuty of wastewater; The cyclone-flow distribution water device and short distance three-pHase reactor is used in the external circular anaerobic reactor, and the effect of mixtion is perfect; The best range of pH is 7.1～7.3,and the best range of temperature is 30℃～34℃.The studies of methanol wastewater treated offered dependadie theortical evidences, thnical methods and realized ways on the future operation of debugging and other related anaerobic treatment to the design of the project related to the operation, and high concentrations of wastewater treatment and play a very good and the exemplary role of guiding significance, which had very important theoretical value and indication function in the development and practices of methanol wastewater tyeatment by anaerobic thnology, and would be a good demonstation in the industry.
甲醇作为一种重要的有机化工原料,在化学工业、医药工业、轻纺民用工业以及运输行业等国民经济部门都有广泛的用途。随着国内一些甲醇生产装置的相继投产,对周围环境产生的影响也日益严重,特别是甲醇废水对周围纳污水体环境的威胁更是突出。为此,解决对生态环境的污染问题,进行综合废水处理是哈尔滨气化厂当前的紧迫任务。
本论文对采用水解-外循环厌氧工艺处理哈尔滨气化厂高浓度甲醇废水进行了广泛、深入、系统的研究,通过实际工程调试,完成污泥的驯化和系统的启动,最终得出如下结论,水解-厌氧处理系统利用厌氧颗粒污泥作为接种污泥,在25天内完成了污泥的驯化及反应器的启动,稳定运行后对甲醇废水的COD去除效果良好,去除率稳定在90%左右;水解池具有一定的抗冲击负荷能力,经过水解池的调节中和、水解酸化作用,出水水质较为稳定,提高了废水的可生化性,为后续的厌氧处理作了充分的准备;外循环厌氧反应器采用了旋流配水方式,进水与反应器内污泥混合效果良好,反应器可以承受一定程度的COD浓度、PH值、水力负荷等的冲击变化,具有一定的耐冲击能力。其运行最佳PH值范围为7.1～7.3,水温30℃～34℃。本论文的结果对今后的运行调试和其他相关厌氧处理工程的设计运行以及相关的高浓度废水处理起到很好的示范作用和指导意义。
Harbin Gasification Plant is the state's key projects, charged with the Harbin city gas supply task. Since June 1993 the trial operation, it has consistently regarded as a center for environmental work. However, the Harbin city gas consumption has increased, quality of coal is decrease, resulted in thewastewater quality, stood beyond the original gas and biochemical devices wastewater treatment capacity, causing wastewater of discharge gas below the standards.
Methanol, as an important organic chemical raw materials, is widely used in the chemical industry, pHarmaceutical industry, textile civilian industries and the transport sector of the national economy and other sectors. With some domestic methanol production plants were in operation, the threat to the surrounding environment is increasingly serious. Methanol wastewater particularly satisfied that the surrounding environment of sewage a threat is obvious. Therefore, how to the solve the solution to the ecological environment, and the problem of wastewater pollution is the urgent task for the gasification plant in Harbin an at present.
The thesis made an extensive, in-depth and systematic research of the treatment of high concentration methanol wastewater from Harbin Gasification plant by hydrolysis_anaerobic process, comlpeted the activated of sludge and the start of the system by the engineer_testing studied the operating parameters of the treatment of this kind of wastewater by hydrolysis_anaerobic process in-depth discussed the operating effectiveness, efficiency, and control factors of each unit, got the summary conclusions on the future operation of debugging and other related anaerobic treatment of the design of the project anaerobic technology for the practical application of a reliable theoretical basis, technical methods and means to resolve the problem. At last we got following conclusions:The hydrolysis_anaerobic process is start by anaerobic sludge in 25 days, the removal rate of COD is above 90%; The hydrolysis tank got the ability of anti_impact and regulation of the quality and quatuty of wastewater; The cyclone-flow distribution water device and short distance three-pHase reactor is used in the external circular anaerobic reactor, and the effect of mixtion is perfect; The best range of pH is 7.1～7.3,and the best range of temperature is 30℃～34℃.The studies of methanol wastewater treated offered dependadie theortical evidences, thnical methods and realized ways on the future operation of debugging and other related anaerobic treatment to the design of the project related to the operation, and high concentrations of wastewater treatment and play a very good and the exemplary role of guiding significance, which had very important theoretical value and indication function in the development and practices of methanol wastewater tyeatment by anaerobic thnology, and would be a good demonstation in the industry.
引文
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8 Lettinga, Gatze, Dezeeuw, WiLLium, Oubory, ELs. Anaerobic treatment of wastewater containing methanol and higher aLcohoLs. Water Res. 2003,15(2): 171~173
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20 Canter J et al. Upgrading performance of an activated sludge process through addition of talqueous power[J],Wat.Sci.TECH.2006, 34(5-6):75~83.
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29 B. Jules, V Lier. Anaerobic Treatment of Partly Acidified Wastewater in EGSB System at 8℃.Proc. 8t" International Con# On Anaerobic Digestion. 2003(2): 86~93
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31王健,沈耀良.废水厌氧反应器工艺的未来发展方向.污染防治技术.2002,15(2):13~15
32 D. R. Boone. Methods for the Study of Methanogens and other Strictly Anaerobic Bacteria. Institute of Methane[J]. Science Chengdu,2003:25~39
33张希衡等.废水厌氧生物处理工程.中国环境科学出版社.1996, 12
34 R.E.Speeece. Anaerobic biotechnology for Industrial Wastewater. Archae press.2004
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38何辰庆.微生物生理学.辽宁大学出版社. 1994
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2叶燕.甲醇废水的污染防治与对策.石油与天然气化工,1997 ;4(26):251~254
3格鲁什科,工业废水中有害有机化合物手册.北京二烃加工出版社.1998
4罗保军,甲醇的生产工艺及需求预测。化工中间体,2004;1(2):21~26
5余志坚.固定化生物活性炭技术处理低浓度甲醇废水的应用.中氮肥,2005, 4:18~19
6郑侠亮,连婉婉,杨光华.含醇废水的电解处理及利用.水处理技术.2005 , 2(21): 121~124
7 GLettingaA.Th , Van.der. Geest , S.Hobma and J.V D.Laan ,AnerobictreatmentofmethanoLiewastes, Waterresearcher. 2005, 13(8): 725~737.
8 Lettinga, Gatze, Dezeeuw, WiLLium, Oubory, ELs. Anaerobic treatment of wastewater containing methanol and higher aLcohoLs. Water Res. 2003,15(2): 171~173
9赵洪波.上流式厌氧污泥床工艺处理甲醇废水,北工环保.2006;9(1):6~13
10赵洪波.上流式厌氧污泥床反应器装置处理甲醇废水设计之我见.化工给排水设计.2004, 4:15~18
11周雪飞.任南琪.高浓度甲醇废水的两段厌氧消化.中国沼气.2002,20(1):15~18
12周雪飞,任南琪等.含甲醇废水的生物处理实例.中国给水排水. 2001,17(6) 50~52
13赵洪波.国内甲醇废水处理技术应用现状.化工环保.2004,18(3):154~157
14陈季华等ZFB活性污泥法处理高浓度鱼品废水.上海环境科学.1998, 7(4):16~19
15巫惠湘生物流化床处理甲醇废水.上海环境科学,1996,11(9):2~5
16宋志文,陈冠雄,马放微生固定化处理甲醇废水的调试过程研究.微生物学杂志.2000, 19(4):30~31
17宋志文,陈冠雄,马放.固定化生物活性炭处理低浓度甲醇废水的研究.城市环境与城市生态.2001
18朱文芳固定化细胞技术处理低浓度甲醇废水的研究.工业水处理.2002, 22(7):18~20
19朱文芳化肥厂工艺冷凝液、水解水中甲醇的处理与利用研究.,哈尔滨建筑大学硕士学位论文.2000
20 Canter J et al. Upgrading performance of an activated sludge process through addition of talqueous power[J],Wat.Sci.TECH.2006, 34(5-6):75~83.
21 Yu M Chao et al. PAC-activated sludge treatment of a steel miIICoke-plant wastewater.[J], WPCT. 2003, 58 (4):333~338.
23贺延龄.废水的厌氧生物处理[M],北京:中国轻工出版社,1998: 17~18.
24王凯军.厌氧(水解)好氧处理工艺的理论与实践「J),中国环境科学,1998, 18 (4) 337~340.
25张自杰主编.废水处理理论与设计〔M],北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003. 512.
26 F. G.Pohland, S. Ghosh. Developments in Anaerobic Stabilization of Organic Wastes: The Two-PHase Concept. Environ. Technol. 2005,1(2): 255~266
27张仁江,张振家,谷成等.糖蜜酒精废水两相UASB处理有机物去除特征.城市环境与城市生态.2000,(4):23~25
28李建政,任南琪,刘艳玲等.中药废水高效生物处理技术的研究.中国给水排水.2000(6):58~61
29 B. Jules, V Lier. Anaerobic Treatment of Partly Acidified Wastewater in EGSB System at 8℃.Proc. 8t" International Con# On Anaerobic Digestion. 2003(2): 86~93
30严月根.啤酒废水常温一相两相仄氧颗粒污泥床处理的对照研究.中国环境科学.1999(8):3043~3044
31王健,沈耀良.废水厌氧反应器工艺的未来发展方向.污染防治技术.2002,15(2):13~15
32 D. R. Boone. Methods for the Study of Methanogens and other Strictly Anaerobic Bacteria. Institute of Methane[J]. Science Chengdu,2003:25~39
33张希衡等.废水厌氧生物处理工程.中国环境科学出版社.1996, 12
34 R.E.Speeece. Anaerobic biotechnology for Industrial Wastewater. Archae press.2004
35任南琪.水污染控制微生物学.黑龙江科技出版社. 1993: 75~90
36王彩霞.城市污水处理新技术.中国建筑工业出版社. 1990:164~175
37周律.厌氧生物反应器的启动及其影响因素.工业水处理. 2006,16(5):1~3
38何辰庆.微生物生理学.辽宁大学出版社. 1994
39杨健等.水解酸化—好氧工艺处理丙醇工业废水.重庆环境科学. 1999, 21(4):26~29
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