基于WinCC的港口起重机移动监控系统的研究与应用
|
摘要
随着工业企业运行规模的不断扩大,监控系统经历了五个阶段的发展,在各领域中广泛应用。为适应我国港口集装箱运输业的良好发展趋势,必须保证在码头的运作过程中对现场状况实时了解,因此需要有更合理和完善的实时监控系统。由于集装箱起重机的生产率是影响港口生产效率的重要因素,需要及时地发现并预报集装箱起重机运行故障,以便设备管理人员操作。目前,国内在起重机远程监控领域的研究刚刚开始,只有部分规模较大的港口具有对起重机设备进行远程监控的能力,但是设备种类繁多,往往自成系统,无法进行集中监控与管理。本论文结合港口的实际情况及设计要求,基于WinCC组态软件,通过OPC技术及C/S、B/S模式对港口多种集装箱起重机的数据采集、上位监控系统设计和远程移动浏览等方面进行研究,并在某港口得以实现。
本文首先介绍了集装箱起重机监控系统的概况和发展,根据对起重机机构的分析,结合某港口需要整合的控制器(PLC)品牌多,同时其遵循的协议不同的特殊情况,提出了基于以太网和OPC技术采集现场数据的系统结构,采用OPC服务器以驱动方式采集现场数据,WinCC以OPC方式与服务器通讯。
根据MCMS系统的实际要求提出上位监控系统的结构和设计风格,特别针对设计过程中变量寻址的关键技术进行分析,提出了建立中间变量的思路,比较变量赋值、变量的间接寻址、结构变量三种解决问题的实际方法。由于本MCMS系统采集的外部变量达到几千个,且要实现客户端浏览的功能,因此最后决定采用结构变量和控件“Picture Window”(画中画)相结合的方法。
分析目前组态软件提供的报表打印功能的特点,根据MCMS系统对于故障报警报表和生产过程量报表的实际要求,基于WinCC组态软件集成ODBC/SQL数据库,具有ActiveX的标准接口,提出了利用SQL数据库和VB-Script自行设计生产过程量报表的方法。
最后比较C/S、B/S两种模式的优缺点,根据对MCMS系统实际情况的分析,提出了C/S、B/S相结合的结构方式实现远程移动监控,并通过WinCC中C/S、B/S模式的设置方法对其进行了详细阐述。
Along with the expansion of the industrial enterprise scale, the supervisory system has also experienced five stages development. Because of the good development of harbor container shipping industry in our country, a wharf must guarantee to understand the scene situation real-time and solution the problem, so it is necessary to have the more reasonable and the perfect real-time monitoring system . Because the productivity of the container crane is the important factors to the production efficiency of the harbor, therefore must promptly discover and forecast the breakdown of container crane. At present, the research of the remote monitoring for the container crane has just started in our country, only some big harbors can remote monitor the container crane equipment, but because of the differend type of PLC, the monitoring system often unable centralized management. This paper union the actual situation and design request of the harbor, based on the WinCC configuration software, utilized the OPC technology and the C/S, B/ S motion, gathers the data of all the kinds of container crane, and designs the supervisory system, realizes the remote motion browsing.This article first introduces the survey and the development of container crane supervisory system, according to the analysis the hoist crane organization, union the actual situation particularity of the harbor, proposes the system structure which gathering the field data based on the ethernet and the OPC technology, uses the OPC server to gather the field data by the drive type, and WinCC communication to the server by the OPC client way.According to the actual request of the MCMS system, proposes the structure and the design style of the supervisory system. Aims at the variable addressing essential technology in the design process to carry on the analysis, proposes the method of creating the middle tag, compare the three kinds of actual method, like the variable evaluation, the variable indirect addressing and the structure tag ,which can solve the question with variable addressing. Because this MCMS system gathering thousand of
variables, also realizing the remote browsing function, therefore finally decides to use the method with uniting the structure variable and objects of "Picture Window".The analysis of the report and printing function for the configuration software at the present, according to the actual request of the MCMS system which should have alarm reports and the production process quantity report, based on the WinCC configuration software integrating the ODBC/ SQL database, having the standard interface of ActiveX, this paper proposes the method with independently designing the production process quantity report form using the SQL database and VB-Script.Finally has carried on the comparison to the good and bad points of the C/S, B/ S motion, and according to the actual situation analysis of the MCMS system, proposed C/S, B/S unifies the structure way realization remote migration monitoring, and passes in the establishment method of the WinCC C/S, B/S pattern has carried on the detailed explanation to it.
本文首先介绍了集装箱起重机监控系统的概况和发展,根据对起重机机构的分析,结合某港口需要整合的控制器(PLC)品牌多,同时其遵循的协议不同的特殊情况,提出了基于以太网和OPC技术采集现场数据的系统结构,采用OPC服务器以驱动方式采集现场数据,WinCC以OPC方式与服务器通讯。
根据MCMS系统的实际要求提出上位监控系统的结构和设计风格,特别针对设计过程中变量寻址的关键技术进行分析,提出了建立中间变量的思路,比较变量赋值、变量的间接寻址、结构变量三种解决问题的实际方法。由于本MCMS系统采集的外部变量达到几千个,且要实现客户端浏览的功能,因此最后决定采用结构变量和控件“Picture Window”(画中画)相结合的方法。
分析目前组态软件提供的报表打印功能的特点,根据MCMS系统对于故障报警报表和生产过程量报表的实际要求,基于WinCC组态软件集成ODBC/SQL数据库,具有ActiveX的标准接口,提出了利用SQL数据库和VB-Script自行设计生产过程量报表的方法。
最后比较C/S、B/S两种模式的优缺点,根据对MCMS系统实际情况的分析,提出了C/S、B/S相结合的结构方式实现远程移动监控,并通过WinCC中C/S、B/S模式的设置方法对其进行了详细阐述。
Along with the expansion of the industrial enterprise scale, the supervisory system has also experienced five stages development. Because of the good development of harbor container shipping industry in our country, a wharf must guarantee to understand the scene situation real-time and solution the problem, so it is necessary to have the more reasonable and the perfect real-time monitoring system . Because the productivity of the container crane is the important factors to the production efficiency of the harbor, therefore must promptly discover and forecast the breakdown of container crane. At present, the research of the remote monitoring for the container crane has just started in our country, only some big harbors can remote monitor the container crane equipment, but because of the differend type of PLC, the monitoring system often unable centralized management. This paper union the actual situation and design request of the harbor, based on the WinCC configuration software, utilized the OPC technology and the C/S, B/ S motion, gathers the data of all the kinds of container crane, and designs the supervisory system, realizes the remote motion browsing.This article first introduces the survey and the development of container crane supervisory system, according to the analysis the hoist crane organization, union the actual situation particularity of the harbor, proposes the system structure which gathering the field data based on the ethernet and the OPC technology, uses the OPC server to gather the field data by the drive type, and WinCC communication to the server by the OPC client way.According to the actual request of the MCMS system, proposes the structure and the design style of the supervisory system. Aims at the variable addressing essential technology in the design process to carry on the analysis, proposes the method of creating the middle tag, compare the three kinds of actual method, like the variable evaluation, the variable indirect addressing and the structure tag ,which can solve the question with variable addressing. Because this MCMS system gathering thousand of
variables, also realizing the remote browsing function, therefore finally decides to use the method with uniting the structure variable and objects of "Picture Window".The analysis of the report and printing function for the configuration software at the present, according to the actual request of the MCMS system which should have alarm reports and the production process quantity report, based on the WinCC configuration software integrating the ODBC/ SQL database, having the standard interface of ActiveX, this paper proposes the method with independently designing the production process quantity report form using the SQL database and VB-Script.Finally has carried on the comparison to the good and bad points of the C/S, B/ S motion, and according to the actual situation analysis of the MCMS system, proposed C/S, B/S unifies the structure way realization remote migration monitoring, and passes in the establishment method of the WinCC C/S, B/S pattern has carried on the detailed explanation to it.
引文
[1] 马国华.监控组态软件及其应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2001.
[2] 张云生,祝晓红等.网络控制系统.重庆:重庆大学出版社,2003.
[3] 万加富,张文斐等.网络监控系统原理与应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
[4] 何小阳.计算机监控原理及技术.重庆:重庆大学出版社,2003.1.
[5] 邹益仁,马增良,蒲维.现场总线控制系统的设计和开发.国防工业出版社,2003.
[6] 王亚民,陈青,刘畅生,王水平.组态软件设计与开发.西安电子科技大学出版社,2003.
[7] 姚慧.可视化监控系统的组件化研究:[硕士学位论文].上海:东华大学控制理论与控制工程,2005.
[8] 高钦和.可编程控制器应用技术与设计.人民邮电出版社,2004.
[9] Katharine Whitehead.基于组件的开发.人民邮电出版社,2003.
[10] 管廷杰.基于OPC技术的卸船机双模式监控系统研究:[硕士学位论文].上海:上海海事大学机械电子工程,2005.
[11] 王信义,查卫平等.生产系统中的监控检测技术.北京理工大学出版社,1997.
[12] 谌彦.工业过程监控组态软件的研究与开发:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2004.
[13] 张进军.实时监控系统集成开发环境与运行环境的研究:[硕士学位论文].合肥:合肥工业大学计算机软件与理论,2005.
[14] 组态王6.0使用手册.北京:北京亚控科技发展有限公司,2001.
[15] 魏欣.集装箱装卸桥远程监控系统的研究与开发:[硕士学位论文].上海:上海海运学院控制理论与控制工程,2003.
[16] Stuart M. Wheater and Mark C.Little. The Design and Implementation of a Framework for Configurable Software, 0-8186-7395—8/96,1996 IEEE.
[17] C.Hofmeister, et al. Surgeon:a packager for dynamically reconfiguring distributed applications. Software Engineering Journal, 1993 (2): 95～101.
[18] M.Zimmermann and O.Drobnik. Specification and Implementation of Reconfigurable Distributed Applications. Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Configurable Distributed Systems, 1994(3):23～24.
[19] 曹小华.基于无线局域网的集装箱装卸桥远程监控系统的研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学机械设计与理论,2003.
[20] 蔡宏,黄宏瑛.集装箱码头监控系统的应用.集装箱化,2001(10):29～32.
[21] 黄珍,刘清.移动式集装箱起重机监控系统的开发研究.港口装卸,2005(5):74～77.
[22] 蒋国仁.岸边集装箱起重机.武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,2001.
[23] 夏建明.基于TCP/IP的远程监控系统的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].西安:西安理工大学控制理论与控制工程,2005.
[24] 张珊珊.基于现场总线的组态技术的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].大庆石油学院,2005.
[25] 刘雄.基于WinCC的港口集散管理系统:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学控制理论与控制工程,2005.
[26] Siemens HMI, WinCC handbook for version 6.0,2004.
[27] 西门子(中国)有限公司自动化与驱动集团.深入浅出西门子WinCC V6.北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[28] Siemens AG, Overview of SIMATIC WinCC 2004.
[29] 展在宏.西门子S7-300及工控组态软件WinCC的应用.包钢科技,2002(1):43～45.
[30] 欧余成,欧世乐,林德杰,彭备战.组态软件的现状与发展.工业控制计算机,2002(5):10～12.
[31] 邹云涛,吴重光.OPC技术初探及国内应用现状.石油化工自动化,2003(6):1～5.
[32] 蔡翔云,郑小虎,姜麟等.OPC规范及开发应用.昆明理工大学学报,2002(3):1～7.
[33] 刘晓光,陈伟彬,吴勤勤等.OPC技术在工业自动化中的应用.电气时代,2003(7):44～46.
[34] OPC Foundation. OPC Overview, Version 1.0,1998.
[35] OPC Task Force. OLE for Process Control standard Version 1.0 Final-Release, 1996.
[36] OPC Foundation. OLE for Process Control Data Access standard Version 1.0 A, 1997.
[37] OPC Foundation. Alarms and Events Version 1.0,1998.
[38] OPC Foundation. OPC Commom Definitions and Interfaces, 1998.
[39] OPC Foundation. Data Access Automation Interface standard Version 2.01,1999.
[40] JimLuth. OPC brings XML DA to the factory floor. Control Solutions International, 2002:7.
[41] Thomas J. Bruke. OPC General Strategic Roadmap. Hanover Fair, 2003.
[42] 王敬贤,刘志刚,陈丹.基于工业以太网和组态软件的船舶电力推进监控系统的实现.船舶,2005(6):31～34.
[43] 聂安兴.巧用编程解决WinCC组态几个常见问题.技巧,2004(7):43～44.
[44] 邹彤.WINCC组态软件的编程技巧.化工自动化及仪表,2001(2):21～23.
[45] 刘丽,杨兴国.Citect工控组态软件报表功能的改进及其应用.工业控制计算机,2001(4):44～46.
[46] 巩伟,宋勇江,陈庆文.组态软件RSVIEW32与VB、Excel结合的复杂生产报表解决方案.自动化技术与应用,2003(9):53～55.
[47] 陈建,周煜申,苏少钰,姜建芳.ActiveX在WinCC归档数据复杂查询中的研究与实现.工业控制计算机,2005(5):1～2.
[48] 徐丽华,傅子晴.用VB实现WinCC归档数据的复杂报表.工业控制计算机,2004(5):54～55.
[49] Visual Basic6.0数据库开发技术与工程实践.北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.
[50] 任建芳,孙涛.WinCC Globfl Script在数据存储中的应用.控制工程,2003(9):45～48.
[51] Siemens A G. SIMATIC WinCC system desription. Germany Siemens 2000.
[52] 林海.浏览器/服务器应用开发.北京:科学出版社,2000.
[53] (美)史密斯.Intranet客户机/服务器应用指南.北京:人民邮电出版社,1999.
[54] Domenico Grimaldi.Java based distributed measurement systems. IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology. Conference, 1997.5,686—689.
[55] Joel Kanter. Understanding Thin-Client/Server Computing. ISBN1-57231-744-2, 1997.
[56] George Schussel.Client/Server:Past, Present and Future.http://awl.netcom.com,2000.
[57] John Rodley.Web与Internet数据库开发.北京:机械工业出版社,1997.
[58] 张友生,陈松乔.C/S与B/S混合软件体系结构模型.计算机工程与应用,2002(23):138～140.
[59] 李一宁,汪泉弟,何为.基于C/S和B/S混合模式的电能管理信息系统.重庆大学学报,2003(6):56～59.
[60] 张燕.基于C/S和B/S混合模式的车间生产管理信息系统:[硕士学位论文].四川:四川大学机械电子工程,2005.
[61] Darleen Sadoski. Client/Server Software Architecture——An Overview. GTE, Carnegie Mellon University, 1997
[2] 张云生,祝晓红等.网络控制系统.重庆:重庆大学出版社,2003.
[3] 万加富,张文斐等.网络监控系统原理与应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
[4] 何小阳.计算机监控原理及技术.重庆:重庆大学出版社,2003.1.
[5] 邹益仁,马增良,蒲维.现场总线控制系统的设计和开发.国防工业出版社,2003.
[6] 王亚民,陈青,刘畅生,王水平.组态软件设计与开发.西安电子科技大学出版社,2003.
[7] 姚慧.可视化监控系统的组件化研究:[硕士学位论文].上海:东华大学控制理论与控制工程,2005.
[8] 高钦和.可编程控制器应用技术与设计.人民邮电出版社,2004.
[9] Katharine Whitehead.基于组件的开发.人民邮电出版社,2003.
[10] 管廷杰.基于OPC技术的卸船机双模式监控系统研究:[硕士学位论文].上海:上海海事大学机械电子工程,2005.
[11] 王信义,查卫平等.生产系统中的监控检测技术.北京理工大学出版社,1997.
[12] 谌彦.工业过程监控组态软件的研究与开发:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2004.
[13] 张进军.实时监控系统集成开发环境与运行环境的研究:[硕士学位论文].合肥:合肥工业大学计算机软件与理论,2005.
[14] 组态王6.0使用手册.北京:北京亚控科技发展有限公司,2001.
[15] 魏欣.集装箱装卸桥远程监控系统的研究与开发:[硕士学位论文].上海:上海海运学院控制理论与控制工程,2003.
[16] Stuart M. Wheater and Mark C.Little. The Design and Implementation of a Framework for Configurable Software, 0-8186-7395—8/96,1996 IEEE.
[17] C.Hofmeister, et al. Surgeon:a packager for dynamically reconfiguring distributed applications. Software Engineering Journal, 1993 (2): 95～101.
[18] M.Zimmermann and O.Drobnik. Specification and Implementation of Reconfigurable Distributed Applications. Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Configurable Distributed Systems, 1994(3):23～24.
[19] 曹小华.基于无线局域网的集装箱装卸桥远程监控系统的研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学机械设计与理论,2003.
[20] 蔡宏,黄宏瑛.集装箱码头监控系统的应用.集装箱化,2001(10):29～32.
[21] 黄珍,刘清.移动式集装箱起重机监控系统的开发研究.港口装卸,2005(5):74～77.
[22] 蒋国仁.岸边集装箱起重机.武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,2001.
[23] 夏建明.基于TCP/IP的远程监控系统的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].西安:西安理工大学控制理论与控制工程,2005.
[24] 张珊珊.基于现场总线的组态技术的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].大庆石油学院,2005.
[25] 刘雄.基于WinCC的港口集散管理系统:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学控制理论与控制工程,2005.
[26] Siemens HMI, WinCC handbook for version 6.0,2004.
[27] 西门子(中国)有限公司自动化与驱动集团.深入浅出西门子WinCC V6.北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[28] Siemens AG, Overview of SIMATIC WinCC 2004.
[29] 展在宏.西门子S7-300及工控组态软件WinCC的应用.包钢科技,2002(1):43～45.
[30] 欧余成,欧世乐,林德杰,彭备战.组态软件的现状与发展.工业控制计算机,2002(5):10～12.
[31] 邹云涛,吴重光.OPC技术初探及国内应用现状.石油化工自动化,2003(6):1～5.
[32] 蔡翔云,郑小虎,姜麟等.OPC规范及开发应用.昆明理工大学学报,2002(3):1～7.
[33] 刘晓光,陈伟彬,吴勤勤等.OPC技术在工业自动化中的应用.电气时代,2003(7):44～46.
[34] OPC Foundation. OPC Overview, Version 1.0,1998.
[35] OPC Task Force. OLE for Process Control standard Version 1.0 Final-Release, 1996.
[36] OPC Foundation. OLE for Process Control Data Access standard Version 1.0 A, 1997.
[37] OPC Foundation. Alarms and Events Version 1.0,1998.
[38] OPC Foundation. OPC Commom Definitions and Interfaces, 1998.
[39] OPC Foundation. Data Access Automation Interface standard Version 2.01,1999.
[40] JimLuth. OPC brings XML DA to the factory floor. Control Solutions International, 2002:7.
[41] Thomas J. Bruke. OPC General Strategic Roadmap. Hanover Fair, 2003.
[42] 王敬贤,刘志刚,陈丹.基于工业以太网和组态软件的船舶电力推进监控系统的实现.船舶,2005(6):31～34.
[43] 聂安兴.巧用编程解决WinCC组态几个常见问题.技巧,2004(7):43～44.
[44] 邹彤.WINCC组态软件的编程技巧.化工自动化及仪表,2001(2):21～23.
[45] 刘丽,杨兴国.Citect工控组态软件报表功能的改进及其应用.工业控制计算机,2001(4):44～46.
[46] 巩伟,宋勇江,陈庆文.组态软件RSVIEW32与VB、Excel结合的复杂生产报表解决方案.自动化技术与应用,2003(9):53～55.
[47] 陈建,周煜申,苏少钰,姜建芳.ActiveX在WinCC归档数据复杂查询中的研究与实现.工业控制计算机,2005(5):1～2.
[48] 徐丽华,傅子晴.用VB实现WinCC归档数据的复杂报表.工业控制计算机,2004(5):54～55.
[49] Visual Basic6.0数据库开发技术与工程实践.北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.
[50] 任建芳,孙涛.WinCC Globfl Script在数据存储中的应用.控制工程,2003(9):45～48.
[51] Siemens A G. SIMATIC WinCC system desription. Germany Siemens 2000.
[52] 林海.浏览器/服务器应用开发.北京:科学出版社,2000.
[53] (美)史密斯.Intranet客户机/服务器应用指南.北京:人民邮电出版社,1999.
[54] Domenico Grimaldi.Java based distributed measurement systems. IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology. Conference, 1997.5,686—689.
[55] Joel Kanter. Understanding Thin-Client/Server Computing. ISBN1-57231-744-2, 1997.
[56] George Schussel.Client/Server:Past, Present and Future.http://awl.netcom.com,2000.
[57] John Rodley.Web与Internet数据库开发.北京:机械工业出版社,1997.
[58] 张友生,陈松乔.C/S与B/S混合软件体系结构模型.计算机工程与应用,2002(23):138～140.
[59] 李一宁,汪泉弟,何为.基于C/S和B/S混合模式的电能管理信息系统.重庆大学学报,2003(6):56～59.
[60] 张燕.基于C/S和B/S混合模式的车间生产管理信息系统:[硕士学位论文].四川:四川大学机械电子工程,2005.
[61] Darleen Sadoski. Client/Server Software Architecture——An Overview. GTE, Carnegie Mellon University, 1997