铁路电务安全生产及调度指挥系统的分析与设计
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摘要
铁路是国民经济的大动脉,是国家重要的基础设施,同时也是非常重要的交通工具。近年来铁路交通系统的复杂性与日俱增,特别是车辆增长的速度远远高于道路和其他交通设施的增长速度,给社会带来了许多新问题。安全始终是铁路运输的主题,而铁路电务安全生产及调度指挥系统的可靠性则是保证安全的前提。如果铁路电务系统中某些环节出现故障,将会对国民经济的发展和人民的生命财产安全造成不良后果。
电务安全信息管理及调度指挥系统的主要功能是：利用调度监督装置、微机监测装置实现对现场信号设备的实时数据采集,对设备电气特性等状态进行自动分析与预警,便于及时发现设备缺点并及时克服,防止故障发生；通过微机监测的回放等功能和故障诊断程序及现场视频监控装置,实现对已经发生的故障的原因分析,并对参加故障处理的现场人员给予远程技术支持；通过安全管理程序,实现对下属车间、班组的日常安全管理工作的监督,使基本的作业制度得到规范,以工作质量促进设备质量的提高。
铁路电务安全生产及调度指挥系统的设计与实现体现了预先发现故障,提醒工作人员及时解决故障的的思路；可以加强监管部门对道路情况的实时监控。系统可以及时将影响铁路运输安全的人员三违信息、设备故障信息、环境(隐患)信息以及事故信息等通报控制中心,为安全管理者提供各种安全决策信息,有效地实现了计算机安全信息管理及辅助决策工作。
随着计算机技术、网络技术在铁路电务管理领域中得到广泛应用,对不断提高电务设备维护、管理和决策水平,保障铁路运输安全,提高铁路运输效率提出了更高的要求。电务安全生产信息管理及调度指挥系统在研究电务安全生产管理信息系统的基础上,对电务部门各种信息资源(例如：调监、微机监测、故障通知、安全生产管理、视频监控、应急抢险等)与调度指挥中心系统进行整合,为电务安全生产提供了便利的技术平台。电务安全生产信息管理及调度指挥系统主要包括的子系统有,信号故障诊断通知、无线应急通信、电务视频监控、安全资料管理等。本论文对系统架构以及各功能模块做出了介绍说明。
Railway is the main artery of national economy, that is an important national infrastructure, but also the main public transport. In recent years, the railway traffic system's complexity and crowded grew day by day, especially the growth rate of trais are far higher than the roads and other transport facilities, which bring many new social problems. As one of the main arteries in transport, it contributes a lot to the rapid growth of national economy and safety in transport has become an increasingly important issue. Therefore it is of great significance to do research on the factors affecting safety of transport and on the rule for the occurrence of accidents so as to prevent the accidents from happening.
Generally, the bureaus under the Ministry of Railways are made up of the train operation system(station), the locomotive system, the construction system, the communication&signal system, the power supply system and the vehicles system. The train operation system(station) is the core system directly in charge of passenger and freight transportation, other systems provides locomotive, vehicles, power, circuit, control and technical supply for it. Every system divides into sections (stations) with the same capability according to its responsibilities.
As a communication&signal devices maintenance department, the main responsibility of all the sections under the communication&signal system is: maintaining all the equipments (switch machines, track circuit and signals outside, track circuit and signals between stations, the indoor devices that control dispatch routes and signals in machinery room) in each station, keeping them running in good status, providing hardware service for freight and passenger transportation. In order to guarantee railway transportation safety, punctuality, fast and efficient, the communication&signal sections provide safe and dependable device maintenance.
As directly being used to controlling the receiving, sending and shunting trains, the right running status of the equipments are the prerequisite and fundamental of the safety. Accidents cause huge losses to country and the people, some even cause international repercussions. Some accidents are caused by the lack of equipments maintenance,the lack of defects inspect and fix and etc.
The main functions of the communication&signal safety information management and dispatching control system are:using dispatchers supervision equipment and microcomputer monitoring equipment to realize real-time data collecting from field signal devices, automatically analyze the status of the devices to predicting the potential flaws and fix it to prevent failure. By using the playback function and diagnosis function from the microcomputer monitoring equipment, using the field camera to investigating the accident and provide remote technical support to the field trouble shooting staff. Using the safe management function to supervise the daily work of the workshops and teams, regulate the operation routines and promot the quality of equipments by the quality of the work.
As the computer technology and network technology has been widely used in the communication&signal system, higher requirements have been put forward:to raise signal equipment maintenance, management and decision-making level, to protect the railway transport safety, to improve the efficiency of transportation. The communication&signal safety information management and dispatching control system is derived from the communication&signal safety information management system, it integrates various sources (for example:dispatchers supervision, microcomputer monitoring, fault notification, safety production management, video surveillance, emergency rescue, etc.) with dispatching control system and provide a convenient platform for the safety production. The main subsystem of the electrical service safety production management and dispatching system includes: signal fault diagnosis and notification system, emergency wireless communication system, video surveillance system, security information management system and etc. In this paper, the author introduces the main framework of the system and its main modules.
电务安全信息管理及调度指挥系统的主要功能是：利用调度监督装置、微机监测装置实现对现场信号设备的实时数据采集,对设备电气特性等状态进行自动分析与预警,便于及时发现设备缺点并及时克服,防止故障发生；通过微机监测的回放等功能和故障诊断程序及现场视频监控装置,实现对已经发生的故障的原因分析,并对参加故障处理的现场人员给予远程技术支持；通过安全管理程序,实现对下属车间、班组的日常安全管理工作的监督,使基本的作业制度得到规范,以工作质量促进设备质量的提高。
铁路电务安全生产及调度指挥系统的设计与实现体现了预先发现故障,提醒工作人员及时解决故障的的思路；可以加强监管部门对道路情况的实时监控。系统可以及时将影响铁路运输安全的人员三违信息、设备故障信息、环境(隐患)信息以及事故信息等通报控制中心,为安全管理者提供各种安全决策信息,有效地实现了计算机安全信息管理及辅助决策工作。
随着计算机技术、网络技术在铁路电务管理领域中得到广泛应用,对不断提高电务设备维护、管理和决策水平,保障铁路运输安全,提高铁路运输效率提出了更高的要求。电务安全生产信息管理及调度指挥系统在研究电务安全生产管理信息系统的基础上,对电务部门各种信息资源(例如：调监、微机监测、故障通知、安全生产管理、视频监控、应急抢险等)与调度指挥中心系统进行整合,为电务安全生产提供了便利的技术平台。电务安全生产信息管理及调度指挥系统主要包括的子系统有,信号故障诊断通知、无线应急通信、电务视频监控、安全资料管理等。本论文对系统架构以及各功能模块做出了介绍说明。
Railway is the main artery of national economy, that is an important national infrastructure, but also the main public transport. In recent years, the railway traffic system's complexity and crowded grew day by day, especially the growth rate of trais are far higher than the roads and other transport facilities, which bring many new social problems. As one of the main arteries in transport, it contributes a lot to the rapid growth of national economy and safety in transport has become an increasingly important issue. Therefore it is of great significance to do research on the factors affecting safety of transport and on the rule for the occurrence of accidents so as to prevent the accidents from happening.
Generally, the bureaus under the Ministry of Railways are made up of the train operation system(station), the locomotive system, the construction system, the communication&signal system, the power supply system and the vehicles system. The train operation system(station) is the core system directly in charge of passenger and freight transportation, other systems provides locomotive, vehicles, power, circuit, control and technical supply for it. Every system divides into sections (stations) with the same capability according to its responsibilities.
As a communication&signal devices maintenance department, the main responsibility of all the sections under the communication&signal system is: maintaining all the equipments (switch machines, track circuit and signals outside, track circuit and signals between stations, the indoor devices that control dispatch routes and signals in machinery room) in each station, keeping them running in good status, providing hardware service for freight and passenger transportation. In order to guarantee railway transportation safety, punctuality, fast and efficient, the communication&signal sections provide safe and dependable device maintenance.
As directly being used to controlling the receiving, sending and shunting trains, the right running status of the equipments are the prerequisite and fundamental of the safety. Accidents cause huge losses to country and the people, some even cause international repercussions. Some accidents are caused by the lack of equipments maintenance,the lack of defects inspect and fix and etc.
The main functions of the communication&signal safety information management and dispatching control system are:using dispatchers supervision equipment and microcomputer monitoring equipment to realize real-time data collecting from field signal devices, automatically analyze the status of the devices to predicting the potential flaws and fix it to prevent failure. By using the playback function and diagnosis function from the microcomputer monitoring equipment, using the field camera to investigating the accident and provide remote technical support to the field trouble shooting staff. Using the safe management function to supervise the daily work of the workshops and teams, regulate the operation routines and promot the quality of equipments by the quality of the work.
As the computer technology and network technology has been widely used in the communication&signal system, higher requirements have been put forward:to raise signal equipment maintenance, management and decision-making level, to protect the railway transport safety, to improve the efficiency of transportation. The communication&signal safety information management and dispatching control system is derived from the communication&signal safety information management system, it integrates various sources (for example:dispatchers supervision, microcomputer monitoring, fault notification, safety production management, video surveillance, emergency rescue, etc.) with dispatching control system and provide a convenient platform for the safety production. The main subsystem of the electrical service safety production management and dispatching system includes: signal fault diagnosis and notification system, emergency wireless communication system, video surveillance system, security information management system and etc. In this paper, the author introduces the main framework of the system and its main modules.
引文
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[5]王喜富,陈建广.铁路运输安全事故灰色预测方法研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2003,13(7)：11-12.
[6]王根喜.铁路运输基础管理、安全保护、事故救援与监督检查[M].中国交通科技出版社,2006：121-123.
[7]王喜富,陈建广.基于B／S与C／S模式的铁路运输安全管理信息系统[J].中国安全科学学报,2004,14(3)：62-63.
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[9]康熊,管天保,黎国清,宋仪龄.沪宁线行车安全综合监控系统的研究[A].中国铁道科学,2002,3：50-52.
[10]郭荣昌,林俊亭,李国宁.工务及电务现场作业安全防护系统[M].铁道运营技术,2011,1：18-20.
[11]唐明军.电务安全维修与大综合分散管理适应性探讨[C].铁道通信信号,2010,9：8-9.
[12]梅贵彬.电务安全生产指挥监控管理信息系统的研发与运用[C].铁道通信信号,2008,4：65-66.
[13]路谦.作业标准是电务安全生产的基础保证[J].铁道技术监督,2008,6：18-19.
[14]邱忠权,刘建平,严余松,白鑫.铁路客运段安全生产管理信息系统的开发与实现[J].铁道运输与经济,2007,13(7)：56-57.
[15]费琳琳,王花.安全生产管理信息系统的设计研究[N].科技创新导报,2006年：121-122
[16]赵望达,刘静.基于B／S架构的安全生产监督管理信息系统[J].安全生产与监督,2004,3：17-18.
[17]王凤宽.工务安全生产管理信息系统的实现.铁路计算机应用[M],2005,2：12-13
[18]苗裕,郑喜凤,许开欢,王瑞光.利用c8051f023单片机对点阵型液晶模块的低温测试[N],液晶与显示,2006,1：27-28.
[19]黄鹰,陈俊.突发事件应急系统智能移动终端功能设计[J].通信技术,2009,42(03)：95-97.
[20]JEAN WALRAND,PRAVIN VARAIYA高性能通信网络[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2002年：100-101.
[21]侯正信译,视频处理与通信[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2003,1：288-310.
[22]郭晓强.低码率视频压缩编码的研究及DSP实现[A].北京邮电大学图书馆.2004年,05期：8-9.
[23]Feng Pan, Z.Li, K Lim and GFeng. A study of MPEG-4 Rate Control Seheme and Its Improvements[Z], IEEE Trnas. Cicruits Syst.Video Technology, 2003 vol (13):440-446.
[24]朱秀昌.图像通信应用系统[M].北京：北京邮电大学.2003：22-24.
[25]Jordi Ribas-Corbera, Philip A.Chou,Shankar L.Regunathan. A Generalized Hypothetical Refrence Decoder for H.264/AVC, IEEE Transactions on Cicruits and Systems for Video Technology.2003, vol.13,674-687.
[26]张代民.专利信息在企业竞争中的作用[J].情报探索,2002年,1：48-49.
[27]Caterina Camus, Riccardo Brancaleon.Intellectual assets management: frompatents to knowledge[J].World PatentInformation,2003,(25):155-159.
[28]Michele Fattori,Giorgio Pedrazzi,Roberta turra. Text mining applied topatent mapping:a practical business case[J].World Patent Information,2003,(25):335-342.
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