汽车轮胎压力监测系统设计研究
|
摘要
TPMS(Tire Pressure Monitoring System)即轮胎压力监测系统,主要用于对汽车轮胎压力进行实时自动监测,并在轮胎状况异常时及时报警,以保障驾乘者的行车安全。
论文分析了直接式与间接式TPMS的优缺点,综述TPMS的发展趋势;通过对爆胎因素及工况进行详细分析,得到引起爆胎的主要因素:胎压过高、胎压过低及胎温过高;在此基础上,设计了轮胎压力监测系统的整体方案,确定了系统总体框架结构、人机界面、轮胎模块安装方式及主要元器件选择;并根据总体设计详细设计了一款直接式汽车轮胎压力监测系统。
系统整体由1个接收报警模块和4个轮胎模块构成,轮胎模块与接收报警模块之间进行无线数据传输。在系统的硬件和软件设计上,采用模块化设计思想。轮胎模块设计考虑了低功耗、小体积设计。在轮胎模块内进行报警阀值比较,采样值超过阀值时再精确采集数据并发射数据来减小轮胎模块功耗。接收报警模块采用了声光报警、LCD显示具体数据及驾驶员手动消除报警的报警方法。无线数据通信采用频移键控数字调频调制方式及循环冗余码数据校验,提高数据传输的抗干扰能力和可靠性。
论文综合运用了传感器技术、微控制器技术、无线通讯技术等构筑了轮胎压力监测系统的样机。经过功能测试表明本论文所设计的轮胎压力监测系统在理论上和技术上是可行的。该系统具有一定的实用价值和应用前景。
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) is used to monitor the pressure of the vehicle's tire. It can alarm the driver to ensure the safety of the peoples in the car while the pressure of the tires is abnormal.
The direct and indirect TPMS's advantages and disadvantages were discussed. Also, the direction of the TPMS was discussed. The mainly causation of the tire blow-out and the tire's working condition were analysed in detail. The mainly causation of the tire blow-out were gained which is the over pressure, the low-pressure and the over temperature. The general concept of the TPMS was designed based on the conclusion. The general design, man-machine interface and the fixing modes of TPMS's tire module were given out. Also, the chiefly components were chosen. The TPMS were designed in detail based on the total design.
The system is composed by one alarming module and four tire modules. The data can transmit by wireless signal between the alarming module and tire modules. The system of hardware and the software were designed by modularization. The low power and the small dimension was considered while design the tire module. In order to reduce the power of the tire module, the data was designed to transmit after compared by the threshold. The alarming module used the sound, the light and the data displayed in the Liquid Crystal Display to remind the driver while the pressure was abnormal. In order to improve the antiinterference ability of the wireless data transmission, the mode of Frequency Shift Keying and Cyclic Redundancy Code was chosen.
The technology of the sensors, Micro Control Unit and wireless communication were used to design the prototype of the TPMS. It was testified that the TPMS designed is feasible and worth to use.
论文分析了直接式与间接式TPMS的优缺点,综述TPMS的发展趋势;通过对爆胎因素及工况进行详细分析,得到引起爆胎的主要因素:胎压过高、胎压过低及胎温过高;在此基础上,设计了轮胎压力监测系统的整体方案,确定了系统总体框架结构、人机界面、轮胎模块安装方式及主要元器件选择;并根据总体设计详细设计了一款直接式汽车轮胎压力监测系统。
系统整体由1个接收报警模块和4个轮胎模块构成,轮胎模块与接收报警模块之间进行无线数据传输。在系统的硬件和软件设计上,采用模块化设计思想。轮胎模块设计考虑了低功耗、小体积设计。在轮胎模块内进行报警阀值比较,采样值超过阀值时再精确采集数据并发射数据来减小轮胎模块功耗。接收报警模块采用了声光报警、LCD显示具体数据及驾驶员手动消除报警的报警方法。无线数据通信采用频移键控数字调频调制方式及循环冗余码数据校验,提高数据传输的抗干扰能力和可靠性。
论文综合运用了传感器技术、微控制器技术、无线通讯技术等构筑了轮胎压力监测系统的样机。经过功能测试表明本论文所设计的轮胎压力监测系统在理论上和技术上是可行的。该系统具有一定的实用价值和应用前景。
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) is used to monitor the pressure of the vehicle's tire. It can alarm the driver to ensure the safety of the peoples in the car while the pressure of the tires is abnormal.
The direct and indirect TPMS's advantages and disadvantages were discussed. Also, the direction of the TPMS was discussed. The mainly causation of the tire blow-out and the tire's working condition were analysed in detail. The mainly causation of the tire blow-out were gained which is the over pressure, the low-pressure and the over temperature. The general concept of the TPMS was designed based on the conclusion. The general design, man-machine interface and the fixing modes of TPMS's tire module were given out. Also, the chiefly components were chosen. The TPMS were designed in detail based on the total design.
The system is composed by one alarming module and four tire modules. The data can transmit by wireless signal between the alarming module and tire modules. The system of hardware and the software were designed by modularization. The low power and the small dimension was considered while design the tire module. In order to reduce the power of the tire module, the data was designed to transmit after compared by the threshold. The alarming module used the sound, the light and the data displayed in the Liquid Crystal Display to remind the driver while the pressure was abnormal. In order to improve the antiinterference ability of the wireless data transmission, the mode of Frequency Shift Keying and Cyclic Redundancy Code was chosen.
The technology of the sensors, Micro Control Unit and wireless communication were used to design the prototype of the TPMS. It was testified that the TPMS designed is feasible and worth to use.
引文
[1]庄继德.汽车轮胎学[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1995.
[2]徐友春,常明,陈军,万剑.TMPS汽车安全驶的保护神[J].汽车运用,2006(5):27-28.
[3]周永庆.轮胎压力实时监测与预警系统的研究与开发[D].郑州:郑州大学,2005.
[4]吴中汉.汽车轮胎气压检测系统(TPMS)设计[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006.
[5]单春贤,韩钧,胡苏杭,仲敏波.轮胎气压监测系统的开发及发展趋势[J].拖拉机与农用运输车,2006,5(33):91-92.
[6]颜重光.TPMS的设计方案的思考[J].电子质量,2005(7),1-4.
[7]宁乐然.高速公路爆胎事故的影响因素及其预防[J].道路交通与安全,2007,2(7):53-55.
[8]张玉琴,唐亚鸣,王锦桥.高速公路上汽车爆胎原因及其防止措施浅探[J].黑龙江交通科技,2007(1):92-94.
[9]王暄.轮胎压力监测系统的设计与实现[D].沈阳:东北大学,2005.
[10]孙育才,王荣兴,孙华芳.ATMEL新型AT89S52系列单片机及其应用[J].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.
[11]MC33493芯片技术手册.
[12]黄智伟.单片无线收发集成电路原理与应用[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2005
[13]艾博尔新能源有限公司.在胎压监测系统(TPMS)中为什么要用锂亚电池?.http://www.ehinajungong.com/vip/able_battery/artdetail.asp?id= 17862.
[14]李宗豪.基本通信原理[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2006.
[15]TPS60110芯片技术手册[G].
[16]MPX8020A传感器技术手册[G].
[17]李兵强,林辉.轮胎气压监测系统中小环天线的设计[J].汽车工程,2007,3(29):254-256,261.
[18]周朝栋,杨恩耀.电小天线[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1990.
[19]聂荣等.实例解析PCB设计技巧[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[20]江思敏.PCB和电磁兼容设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[21]赵景波,刘金辉,荣盘祥.Protel DXP基础与实例培训教程[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2005.
[22]MC33594芯片技术手册[G].
[23]李若强.CDT规约中CRC校验码的生成方法[M].电工技术,2004(7):23,59.
[24]黄智伟.单片无线数据通信IC原理与应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[25]徐惠民,安德宁.单片微型计算机原理、接口及应用[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2000.
[26]张靖武,周灵彬.单片机系统的PROTEUS设计与仿真[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2007.
[27]崔胜民,余群.汽车轮胎行驶性能与测试[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1995.
[28]边春远,王志强.MCS-51单片机应用开发实用子程序[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2005.
[29]王为青,程国钢.单片机Keil Cx51应用开发技术[M].北京:人民邮电出版社:2007.
[30]陈小忠,黄宁,赵小侠.单片机接口技术实用子程序[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2005.
[31]睢丙东,魏泽鼎.单片机应用技术与实例[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
[32]吴义保,周海清.TPMS产品结构设计研究[J].机械研究与应用,2007,1(20):43-45.
[33]J.Siddons A.Derbyshire.Tyre pressure measurement using smart low power Microsystems[J].Sensor Review,1997,17(2):126-130.
[34]Lawrence.e,Larson.Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Technology for Low-Power Wireless Communication[J],IEEE Personal Communication,1998,6:11-19.
[35]Ulrich L,Rohde,David P,Newldrk.RF/Microwave Circuit Design for Wireless Applications[J],New York:John Wiley & Sons,Inc 2000.
[36]单春贤,韩钧,胡苏杭,仲敏波.轮胎气压监测系统的开发及发展趋势[J].拖拉机与农用运输车,2006,5(33):91-92.
[37]颜重光.TPMS的设计方案的思考[J].电子质量,2005(7):1-4.
[38]颜重光.专用传感器模块技术剖析[J].电子设计应用,2006(11):26-28.
[39]孙春玲,韩加蓬,刘福海.丰田公司轮胎气压报警系统分析[J].山东理工大学学报,2007,1(21):81-83.
[40]杨少春,王小辉.基于80C51的轮胎气压无线报警系统[J].机电工程技术,2006,4(35):25-26.
[41]张立勇,马修水,应中阳.基于射频技术的轮胎气压检测系统设计[J].电子质量,2006(6):1-5.
[42]王泽鹏,薛风先,高峰,朱由锋,基于Motorola芯片的轮胎气压监测系统设计[J].自动化仪表,2005,3(26):39-42.
[43]邱彬,姚勇.轮胎气压监测系统分析及国内发展建议[J].专用汽车,2006(8): 40-48.
[44]孙强,吴黎辉.轮胎气压监视系统射频接收模块设计[J].检测技术,2006(8):66-67.
[45]刘国强.直接式胎压监测系统的设计[J].今日电子,2006(9):70-71
[46]张海峰,汪至中.一种新型的汽车轮胎气压检测系统[J].电子世界,2005(10),56-57.
[47]赵文.轮胎气压监视系统TPMS研究与开发[D].南昌:南昌大学,2006
[48]王水平等.DC/DC变换器集成电路及应用[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2006
[2]徐友春,常明,陈军,万剑.TMPS汽车安全驶的保护神[J].汽车运用,2006(5):27-28.
[3]周永庆.轮胎压力实时监测与预警系统的研究与开发[D].郑州:郑州大学,2005.
[4]吴中汉.汽车轮胎气压检测系统(TPMS)设计[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006.
[5]单春贤,韩钧,胡苏杭,仲敏波.轮胎气压监测系统的开发及发展趋势[J].拖拉机与农用运输车,2006,5(33):91-92.
[6]颜重光.TPMS的设计方案的思考[J].电子质量,2005(7),1-4.
[7]宁乐然.高速公路爆胎事故的影响因素及其预防[J].道路交通与安全,2007,2(7):53-55.
[8]张玉琴,唐亚鸣,王锦桥.高速公路上汽车爆胎原因及其防止措施浅探[J].黑龙江交通科技,2007(1):92-94.
[9]王暄.轮胎压力监测系统的设计与实现[D].沈阳:东北大学,2005.
[10]孙育才,王荣兴,孙华芳.ATMEL新型AT89S52系列单片机及其应用[J].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.
[11]MC33493芯片技术手册.
[12]黄智伟.单片无线收发集成电路原理与应用[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2005
[13]艾博尔新能源有限公司.在胎压监测系统(TPMS)中为什么要用锂亚电池?.http://www.ehinajungong.com/vip/able_battery/artdetail.asp?id= 17862.
[14]李宗豪.基本通信原理[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2006.
[15]TPS60110芯片技术手册[G].
[16]MPX8020A传感器技术手册[G].
[17]李兵强,林辉.轮胎气压监测系统中小环天线的设计[J].汽车工程,2007,3(29):254-256,261.
[18]周朝栋,杨恩耀.电小天线[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1990.
[19]聂荣等.实例解析PCB设计技巧[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[20]江思敏.PCB和电磁兼容设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[21]赵景波,刘金辉,荣盘祥.Protel DXP基础与实例培训教程[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2005.
[22]MC33594芯片技术手册[G].
[23]李若强.CDT规约中CRC校验码的生成方法[M].电工技术,2004(7):23,59.
[24]黄智伟.单片无线数据通信IC原理与应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[25]徐惠民,安德宁.单片微型计算机原理、接口及应用[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2000.
[26]张靖武,周灵彬.单片机系统的PROTEUS设计与仿真[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2007.
[27]崔胜民,余群.汽车轮胎行驶性能与测试[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1995.
[28]边春远,王志强.MCS-51单片机应用开发实用子程序[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2005.
[29]王为青,程国钢.单片机Keil Cx51应用开发技术[M].北京:人民邮电出版社:2007.
[30]陈小忠,黄宁,赵小侠.单片机接口技术实用子程序[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2005.
[31]睢丙东,魏泽鼎.单片机应用技术与实例[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
[32]吴义保,周海清.TPMS产品结构设计研究[J].机械研究与应用,2007,1(20):43-45.
[33]J.Siddons A.Derbyshire.Tyre pressure measurement using smart low power Microsystems[J].Sensor Review,1997,17(2):126-130.
[34]Lawrence.e,Larson.Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Technology for Low-Power Wireless Communication[J],IEEE Personal Communication,1998,6:11-19.
[35]Ulrich L,Rohde,David P,Newldrk.RF/Microwave Circuit Design for Wireless Applications[J],New York:John Wiley & Sons,Inc 2000.
[36]单春贤,韩钧,胡苏杭,仲敏波.轮胎气压监测系统的开发及发展趋势[J].拖拉机与农用运输车,2006,5(33):91-92.
[37]颜重光.TPMS的设计方案的思考[J].电子质量,2005(7):1-4.
[38]颜重光.专用传感器模块技术剖析[J].电子设计应用,2006(11):26-28.
[39]孙春玲,韩加蓬,刘福海.丰田公司轮胎气压报警系统分析[J].山东理工大学学报,2007,1(21):81-83.
[40]杨少春,王小辉.基于80C51的轮胎气压无线报警系统[J].机电工程技术,2006,4(35):25-26.
[41]张立勇,马修水,应中阳.基于射频技术的轮胎气压检测系统设计[J].电子质量,2006(6):1-5.
[42]王泽鹏,薛风先,高峰,朱由锋,基于Motorola芯片的轮胎气压监测系统设计[J].自动化仪表,2005,3(26):39-42.
[43]邱彬,姚勇.轮胎气压监测系统分析及国内发展建议[J].专用汽车,2006(8): 40-48.
[44]孙强,吴黎辉.轮胎气压监视系统射频接收模块设计[J].检测技术,2006(8):66-67.
[45]刘国强.直接式胎压监测系统的设计[J].今日电子,2006(9):70-71
[46]张海峰,汪至中.一种新型的汽车轮胎气压检测系统[J].电子世界,2005(10),56-57.
[47]赵文.轮胎气压监视系统TPMS研究与开发[D].南昌:南昌大学,2006
[48]王水平等.DC/DC变换器集成电路及应用[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2006