三色马先蒿Pedicularis tricolor H.-M.的化学成分及其生物活性研究
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摘要
近年来随着经济的快速发展和人民生活水平的不断提高，社会对花卉的需求日益增加，园艺学家们为此付出了大量艰辛的努力，培育出了许多花期长、颜色艳丽、形状奇异、姿态优美的观赏花卉新品种。
事实上许多的花卉不仅具有很强的观赏性，还具有多种药用功效，一直以来被人们作为传统的中药使用，玄参科(Scrophulariceae)中的马先蒿属(Pedicularis)就是其中的一种。
高山花卉马先蒿是被子植物中最大的一个属，我国拥有332～400余种。在民族医药学和中医药学中，马先蒿属植物有悠久的应用历史，《神农本草经》、《本草纲目》和《本草纲目拾遗》等中药典籍就有关于该属植物马先蒿、煤参(美观马先蒿的根)的记载，它可用于治疗虚弱、衰竭、盗汗、衰老等症，具有巨大的研究开发潜力。从马先蒿属植物中，已分离出环烯醚萜苷、苯丙素苷、黄酮、酚酸等类型化合物，其中苯丙素类化合物还显示抗氧化、抗肿瘤等生物活性。
三色马先蒿(Pedicularis tricolor H．-M．)系玄参科马先蒿属的二年生草本植物，为我国特有种，产于云南西北部，生于海拔3 400～3 700 m的高山草地和灌丛中。它以扭曲突起而独特的唇瓣所致的奇特花冠和羽状深裂的簇生叶片，及其精巧玲珑的株型成为高山奇葩吸引着众多中外学者。上世纪九十年代日本的三得利公司赞助中国科学院昆明植物研究所建立了高山花卉栽培试验基地，对三色马先蒿进行了引种栽培，但是对其植物化学成分及生物活性方面的研究尚未见报道。本论文旨在通过对其化学成分的分析，从中筛选出具有生理活性的天然化合物，为三色马先蒿的进一步开发利用奠定基础。这将对新药开发、扩大药源具有重要的意义。
1．三色马先蒿的化学成分研究
本研究利用中国科学院植物化学及西部植物资源持续利用国家重点实验室的先进仪器设备条件，及多种柱层析、分子筛、重结晶等分离纯化技术，对三色马先蒿全草的乙醇提取物
With the rapidly development of economy, the people's requirement on flowers is increasing for many years. Inorder to cultivate long-flowering, colourful, bizarre, and gaihly flowers, horticulturists had paid their a mountain of hard works on it.
Furthermore, many flowers not only have the value of view and admire, but also can be used as Chinese traditional medicine to cure diseases.
Pedicularis L., as one of the largest genera of angiosperm, comprises about 332-400 species in China. Some species have been used as herbs to treat diseases for a long time. Many compounds, such as iridoid glycosides, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, hydroxybenzene acid and so on, have been isolated from Pedicularis, and some of which show the biological activities of antioxidation and antitumour.
Pedicularis tricolor H.-M. is a specific specie herbaceous biennial in china, and belongs to Scrophulariceae Pedicularis. P. tricolor rised from alp and lea, and boskage in northwestward of Yunnan with altitude at 3 400~3 700 m. It has the characters of twisted prominency labellum, partite feather-like fasciated leaves, and exquisite model attract many scholars wantting to study it. In 1990's, P. tricolor was naturalized in a alp-flowers test base by Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, sponsored by Japan Santoli Sunberz Co.. But it's phytochemical investigation has not been performed until now. In order to screen out the active natural products, in this paper, we report our studies on the chemical constituents from the whole plants of P. tricolor, which will play a significant role in the exploiture of new medicine and enlarging medicine resource.
事实上许多的花卉不仅具有很强的观赏性，还具有多种药用功效，一直以来被人们作为传统的中药使用，玄参科(Scrophulariceae)中的马先蒿属(Pedicularis)就是其中的一种。
高山花卉马先蒿是被子植物中最大的一个属，我国拥有332～400余种。在民族医药学和中医药学中，马先蒿属植物有悠久的应用历史，《神农本草经》、《本草纲目》和《本草纲目拾遗》等中药典籍就有关于该属植物马先蒿、煤参(美观马先蒿的根)的记载，它可用于治疗虚弱、衰竭、盗汗、衰老等症，具有巨大的研究开发潜力。从马先蒿属植物中，已分离出环烯醚萜苷、苯丙素苷、黄酮、酚酸等类型化合物，其中苯丙素类化合物还显示抗氧化、抗肿瘤等生物活性。
三色马先蒿(Pedicularis tricolor H．-M．)系玄参科马先蒿属的二年生草本植物，为我国特有种，产于云南西北部，生于海拔3 400～3 700 m的高山草地和灌丛中。它以扭曲突起而独特的唇瓣所致的奇特花冠和羽状深裂的簇生叶片，及其精巧玲珑的株型成为高山奇葩吸引着众多中外学者。上世纪九十年代日本的三得利公司赞助中国科学院昆明植物研究所建立了高山花卉栽培试验基地，对三色马先蒿进行了引种栽培，但是对其植物化学成分及生物活性方面的研究尚未见报道。本论文旨在通过对其化学成分的分析，从中筛选出具有生理活性的天然化合物，为三色马先蒿的进一步开发利用奠定基础。这将对新药开发、扩大药源具有重要的意义。
1．三色马先蒿的化学成分研究
本研究利用中国科学院植物化学及西部植物资源持续利用国家重点实验室的先进仪器设备条件，及多种柱层析、分子筛、重结晶等分离纯化技术，对三色马先蒿全草的乙醇提取物
With the rapidly development of economy, the people's requirement on flowers is increasing for many years. Inorder to cultivate long-flowering, colourful, bizarre, and gaihly flowers, horticulturists had paid their a mountain of hard works on it.
Furthermore, many flowers not only have the value of view and admire, but also can be used as Chinese traditional medicine to cure diseases.
Pedicularis L., as one of the largest genera of angiosperm, comprises about 332-400 species in China. Some species have been used as herbs to treat diseases for a long time. Many compounds, such as iridoid glycosides, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, hydroxybenzene acid and so on, have been isolated from Pedicularis, and some of which show the biological activities of antioxidation and antitumour.
Pedicularis tricolor H.-M. is a specific specie herbaceous biennial in china, and belongs to Scrophulariceae Pedicularis. P. tricolor rised from alp and lea, and boskage in northwestward of Yunnan with altitude at 3 400~3 700 m. It has the characters of twisted prominency labellum, partite feather-like fasciated leaves, and exquisite model attract many scholars wantting to study it. In 1990's, P. tricolor was naturalized in a alp-flowers test base by Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, sponsored by Japan Santoli Sunberz Co.. But it's phytochemical investigation has not been performed until now. In order to screen out the active natural products, in this paper, we report our studies on the chemical constituents from the whole plants of P. tricolor, which will play a significant role in the exploiture of new medicine and enlarging medicine resource.
引文
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