大肠杆菌血清抗体与硫酸庆大霉素偶联构建抗体靶向药物的研究
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摘要
近年来,治疗肿瘤的抗体药物研发取得了突破性的进展,抗体药物成为生物技术药物领域的热点之一。肿瘤抗体靶向药物主要是应用抗原抗体反应的原理构建肿瘤抗体药物,将治疗肿瘤的药物与抗体结合,构建“生物导弹”,对肿瘤实施生物疗法。而应用抗原抗体反应的原理构建抗菌药物,将抗菌药物与抗体结合,构建“生物导弹”,对病原菌实施“精确打击”的研究,却至今没有报道。为构建针对大肠杆菌的靶向性硫酸庆大霉素,本文进行了如下研究。
     1.大肠杆菌血清抗体与聚乙二醇和硫酸庆大霉素复合物的制备
     为了探讨大肠杆菌抗血清能否与硫酸庆大霉素结合,以及结合后是否会影响硫酸庆大霉素的药效和大肠杆菌血清抗体的生物学活性。本实验首先采用猪大肠杆菌灭活油乳佐剂苗,多次多部位背部皮下注射健康家兔,心脏采血,采集超免血清,用ELISA方法对抗猪大肠杆菌血清进行检测,其超免血清的抗体效价高达1:2048。然后对二者的结合条件进行摸索,以不同浓度的硫酸庆大霉素、免疫血清、PEG,建立方阵试验。收集各试验组血清抗体与硫酸庆大霉素结合产生的沉淀物进行聚丙烯酰胺电泳、革兰氏染色、电镜观察。结果发现,药物与血清抗体结合良好,以硫酸庆大霉素800(mL):免疫血清4(μg):PEG18(g)的结合量最大。因此,血清抗体与硫酸庆大霉素的结合具备有效性和可行性。
     2.大肠杆菌血清抗体与PEG6000和硫酸庆大霉素复合物结构研究
     为了探讨了结合物的结构,本实验对结合物进行了红外扫描和紫外吸收光谱测定,结果显示:结合物是以PEG6000为中间媒介。血清抗体与,硫酸庆大霉素先分别与PEG6000结合,从而形成血清抗体-PEG6000-硫酸庆大霉素复合物。结合的方式是氢键。PEG6000主要与血清抗体的酰胺键结合。
     3.大肠杆菌血清抗体与PEG6000和硫酸庆大霉素复合物的靶向性研究
     为了探讨结合物的靶向性,本实验对结合物进行间接ELISA、荧光染色和免疫电镜检测。间接ELISA结果表明:二者的结合对抗体的生物学活性和免疫学功能不会产生抑制作用;荧光抗体染色结果表明:硫酸庆大霉素、大肠杆菌血清抗体和PEG6000结合物具有大肠杆菌特异靶向性。硫酸庆大霉素、大肠杆菌血清抗体和PEG6000结合物与大肠杆菌菌液混合4min后,硫酸庆大霉素、大肠杆菌血清抗体和PEG6000结合物能与大肠杆菌结合。硫酸庆大霉素、大肠杆菌血清抗体和PEG6000结合物与大肠杆菌菌液混合7min后,硫酸庆大霉素、大肠杆菌血清抗体和PEG6000结合物能进入大肠杆菌菌体内;由胶体金免疫电镜结果中,在大肠杆菌的菌体内外均可见到胶体金颗粒,证明结合了药物的抗体的仍能高效与大肠杆菌作用,有较强的靶向作用。
     4.大肠杆菌血清抗体与PEG6000和硫酸庆大霉素复合物药动学检测及安全性评价
     本实验还探讨了结合物在动物体内的药动学并对其进行了安全性检测。结果表明:血清抗体-PEG6000-硫酸庆大霉素结合物在家兔体内的生物半衰期t_(1/2)为4.83 h,药-时曲线下面积AUG为191.41 h.μg/mL,硫酸庆大霉素结合物在家兔体内的生物半衰期为t_(1/2)1.03 h,AUC为63.42 h.μg/ml,这表明血清抗体-PEG6000-硫酸庆大霉素结合物药代动力学及组织分布发生了明显变化,药物代谢速度大大减慢,有效血药浓度时间延长,与脂质体缓释剂的特点相似。由于血清抗体-PEG6000-硫酸庆大霉素结合物毒性很低,对小鼠的最大耐受量大于750mg/kg.bw,此量相当于临床用量的150倍。结果表血清抗体-PEG6000-硫酸庆大霉素结合物的毒性显著低于硫酸庆大霉素,表明血清抗体-PEG6000有降低药物毒性的作用。血清抗体-PEG6000-硫酸庆大霉素结合物对小鼠重要脏器的生长发育无明显影响。
     5.大肠杆菌血清抗体与PEG6000和硫酸庆大霉素复合物的药效学研究
     为了研究结合物的药效学,本实验应用结合物进行了体外抗菌试验、大肠杆菌病动物模型治疗试验。
     体外抑菌试验表明:靶向庆大霉素对大肠杆菌C_(44103)的最低抑菌浓度约为硫酸庆大霉素的1/10~5。靶向硫酸庆大霉素对大肠杆菌C_(44103)的最低杀菌浓度约为硫酸庆大霉素的1/10~4。体外抑菌实验说明将硫酸庆大霉素与大肠杆菌血清抗体和PEG6000结合后可增强抗菌效果,减少使用剂量,提高疗效。
     动物模型治疗试验表明:用高浓度靶向庆大霉素注射液每次肌注1.0mL/只,一次用药后的有效率、治愈率分别为100%和90%;用中等浓度靶向庆大霉素注射液每次肌注1.0mL/只,一次用药后的有效率、治愈率分别为100%和75%;用低浓度靶向庆大霉素注射液每次肌注1mL/只,一次用药后的有效率为100%,治愈率为65%。而硫酸庆大霉素对照组用硫酸庆大霉素注射液每次肌注1.0mL/只,后发病小白鼠治疗无效或全部死亡;血清对照组也治疗无效。靶向庆大霉素注射液对小白鼠大肠杆菌病疗效显著。
     复合物治疗仔猪黄痢临床治疗试验表明:靶向庆大霉素注射液能迅速杀死仔猪体内的致病菌,减轻临床症状,提高仔猪成活率。与硫酸庆大霉素相比较,用高剂量靶向庆大霉素注射液每次肌注2.0mg/Kg,一次用药后发病仔猪的有效率、治愈率均为100%;用中剂量靶向庆大霉素注射液每次肌注0.2mg/Kg,一次用药后发病仔猪的有效率为100%,治愈率为96%;用低剂量靶向庆大霉素注射液每次肌注0.02mg/Kg,两次用药后发病仔猪的有效率为96%,治愈率为92%;而用硫酸庆大霉素注射液每次肌注2.00mg/Kg,每天2次,连用3d后发病仔猪的有效率为84%,治愈率为76%;且用高剂量靶向庆大霉素注射液、中剂量靶向庆大霉素注射液、低剂量靶向庆大霉素注射液治疗的仔猪体内致病菌减少速度均要比硫酸庆大霉素注射液快得多。抗血清与庆大霉素结合物注射液能有效杀灭致病性大肠杆菌,对仔猪黄痢病有很好的临床疗效。
     复合物治疗鸡大肠杆菌病临床治疗试验表明:抗血清与庆大霉素复合物各剂量组给药1d,病鸡病症均明显减轻,高剂量组第2d鸡停止死亡,鸡的食欲和精神基本恢复;中剂量组治疗效果与高剂量组的治疗效果基本一致;低剂量组第2d鸡停止死亡,腹泻症状基本消失,鸡的食欲与精神状态第3d也基本恢复。硫酸庆大霉素组给药第2d症状开始减轻,到第4d腹泻症状基本消失,食欲和精神状态到第5d恢复。从上表数据可以看出:抗血清与庆大霉素结合物注射液高、中、低三种剂量对鸡大肠杆菌病疗效显著,有效率和治愈率分别为100%,100%,92%;100%,100%,90%。而硫酸庆大霉素组的有效率和治愈率分别为80%;70%。就症状变化情况看,抗血清与庆大霉素结合物各剂量组给药后腹泻症状改善速度和鸡的精神状态恢复速度较快,和硫酸庆大霉素组相比能更快地改善鸡腹泻症状和恢复鸡的精神状态。
In recent years,The antibody treatment of cancer drug research and development has made breakthrough progress,it become a hot spot of The field of biotechnology drugs.Application of the principle of aritigen-antibody reaction Construction tumor antibody drugs,antibody and medicine combine a "biological missile",As Biological therapies of the therapy on tumor.Application of the principle of antigen-antibody reaction preparation of antibacterial drugs,antibody and antibiotics combine a "biological missile",As Biological therapies of the therapy on Bacterial Diseases,has not reported.This study coupled Serum antibody against E.coli with gentamicin sulfate
     1.E.coli serum antibody and polyethylene glycol and gentamicin sulfate complex Preparation
     To investigate whether the E.coli antisera with gentamicin sulfate,and the combination will affect the efficacy of gentamycin sulfate and E.coli serum antibody biological activity.The first experiments using pig oil emulsion inactivated E.coli adjuvant miller,many multi-site back healthy rabbits subcutaneously,heart blood collected serum - free,using ELISA method confrontation pig serum to detect E.coli, the serum - free up to 1:2048 antibody titer.Then the combination of the two conditions for exploration to different concentrations of gentamicin sulfate,sera,PEG, a test matrix.The collection of serum antibody test gentamicin sulfate and the combination of precipitation a polyacrylamide electrophoresis,Gram staining electron microscopy.The results found that combining drugs and serum antibody good to gentamicin sulfate 800(mg):sera4(μg):PEG18(g)the combination of the largest. Thus,the serum antibody and the combination with gentamicin sulfate effectiveness and feasibility.
     2.E.coli serum antibody and PEG6000 and gentamicin sulfate complex structure
     To explore the combination0f structure,the experimental combination of a pair of infrared scanning and UV absorption spectrometry showed that:a combination of PEG6000 as intermediary.Serum antibody and,first of gentamicin sulfate combined with PEG6000,thus forming serum antibody - PEG6000 - gentamicin sulfate complex. The combination of hydrogen bonds.PEG6000 mainly with the amide bond of serum antibody binding.
     3.E.coli serum antibody and PEG6000 and gentamiein sulfate complexes targeted research
     To explore the combination of targeting the right~ combination of experimental indirect ELISA,fluorescence staining of electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry.ELISA results show that:the combination of both the biological activity and antibody immune function does not produce inhibition; Fluorescent antibody staining results show that:gentamicin sulfate,E.coli and PEG6000 serum antibody binding of a specific targeting of E.coli.Gentamicin sulfate, E.coli and serum antibody binding of PEG6000 mixed with the E.coli bacterium after 4 min,gentamycin sulfate,E.coli and serum antibody binding of PEG6000 combined with E.coti.Gentamicin sulfate,E.coli and serum antibody binding of PEG6000 mixed with the E.coli bacterium after 7 min,gentamycin sulfate,E.coli and serum antibody binding PEG6000 of E.coli bacteria can enter the body;Colloidal gold by immuno-electron microscopy,in the E.coli bacteria can be seen inside and outside of colloidal gold particles that combining the antibody drugs still efficient and E.coli, targeting a strong role.
     4.E.coil serum antibody and PEG6000 and gentamicin sulfate complex pharmacokinetics testing and evaluation of its safety
     This study also explored the combination of in vivo pharmacokinetics and safety of its detection.The results show that:Serum antibody - Gentamicin Sulfate - PEG6000 in rabbits combination of the biological half-life t1/2 to 4.83 h,medicine - AUC,area under the curve for 191.41 h.μg / mL,according to the literature reported that the sulfate - adriamycin combination of rabbits in the biological half-life of t1/21.03 h, AUC 63.42 h.μg / ml,indicating that serum antibodies - PEG6000 combination of gentamicin sulfate- pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution in a significant change in the rate of drug metabolism the slower,effective plasma concentration time,and the release of liposome similar characteristics.The serum antibody - Gentamicin Sulfate -PEG6000 with low toxicity of the mice maximal tolerance than 750 mg / kg.bw,the equivalent of 150 time the amount.Results Table serum antibody - Gentamicin Sulfate PEG6000-toxic combination of gentamicin sulfate was significantly lower than that of serum antibody - PEG6000 reduction in the role of drug toxicity.Serum antibody -Gentamicin Sulfate PEG6000-right combination of the important organs of mice had no obvious impact on the growth and development
     5.E.coli serum antibody and PEG6000 gentamicin sulfate complex and Pharmacodynamic Study
     In order to study the combination of pharmacodynamics,the experimental application of a combination of in vitro antibacterial tests,E.coli disease animal model for experiments.
     In vitro experiments showed that:Targeting gentamicin right E.coli C44103 the minimum inhibitory concentration of Gentamicin Sulfate about 1 / 10~5.Gentamicin Sulfate targeting of Escherichiacoli_(C44103)minimum bactericidal gentamicin sulfate concentration is about 1 / 10~3.In vitro experiments that will gentamicin sulfate and E. coli serum antibody and PEG6000 with antibacterial effect can be enhanced to reduce the dose to enhance efficacy.
     Animal experiments showed that the treatment model:high concentration of targeting each intramuscular gentamicin injection mL / only one drug after an efficient, the cure rates were 100%and 90%;Medium concentrations targeted by gentamicin intramuscular injection every lmL / only one with after the drug is efficient,the cure rates were 100%and 75%;Targeting low concentration intramuscular gentamicin injection each lmL / only once after treatment with 100%efficiency,the cure rate was 65%.The control group was treated with gentamicin sulfate gentamicin sulfate intramuscular injection per mL/only,after the onset of void or mice all died;Serum is ineffective treatment for the control group.Targeting gentamicin injection of E.coli in mice significantly.
     Clinical tests showed that:Targeting gentamicin injection can quickly kill the bacteria in pigs,reduce symptoms and improve the survival rate of piglets.Compared with gentamicin sulfate,gentamicin targeting high-dose intramuscular injection every 2.0mg/Kg,one after treatment onset piglets efficient,the cure rate was 100%;Targeting use of gentamicin dose intramuscular injection every 0.2mg/Kg,a drug after the piglets incidence rate was 100%,the cure rate is 96%;Targeting low-dose intramuscular gentamicin injection each 0.02mg/Kg two piglets after treatment morbidity rate was 96%,the cure rate was 92%;The gentamicin sulfate injection each injection 2.00mg/Kg,two times a day,3 days after the onset linked piglets efficiency of 84%,the cure rate is 76%;by targeting high-dose and gentamicin injection,the dose of gentamicin injection targeting,targeting low dose of gentamicin injection in the treatment of disease in piglets reduce speed than all of Gentamicin Sulfate Injection faster.Antisera combined with gentamicin injection can effectively kill the pathogenic E.coli,the piglets yellowscour of good clinical efficacy.
     Complex treatment of E.coli in chicken clinical trial showed that:anti-serum and the complex gentamicin dose administration ld,diseased disease were significantly reduced,high-dose group,2d stop dead chickens,chicken and the spirit of appetite returned;Effect of dose and high dose treatment group basic treatment consistent; low-dose group,2d stop chicken deaths,diarrhea disappeared,chicken appetite and mental state of the 3d also recovered.Gentamicin sulfate group of 2d administration began to reduce symptoms,the symptoms disappeared 4d diarrhea,loss of appetite and mental state to restore the 5d.Data from the table can be seen:anti-serum and gentamicin injection with high,medium and low doses of three pairs of chicken E.coli disease significantly,efficient and cure rates were 100%,100%,92%;100%,100%, 90%.Gentamicin sulfate group and the efficiency and the cure rate was 80%;70%.The changes in symptoms,antisera and gentamicin combination of all dose groups after administration diarrhea improve speed and the mental state of the resumption of chicken faster,and gentamicin sulfhte compared to faster improvement in the chicken diarrhea and restore chicken mental state.
引文
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