设计师性格
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摘要
随着知识经济,全球经济一体化进程的加快,企业的核心竞争力不再是技术,而是人才,因而在管理中调动人才的主动性、积极性和创造性是增强企业自主创新的根本途径,而这就要求我们采取一种以人为本的管理模式。设计师作为创新的主力军,人性化的管理尤为必要。
设计是一种创造性的活动,在这种创造性的活动当中人与人有着很大的差异性,也正是这种差异性构成了设计的无限空间和我们丰富多样的世界。究竟这种差异性是怎样形成的?它们与设计师的个性或性格是否有着某种必然联系?设计师内在的个性或性格类别在设计活动中是否有着各自的优势或劣势?在设计管理中是否可以利用其各自的优势进行优化整合?
本文首先对设计师人性化管理的背景、目的和意义进行了阐述。然后对设计师的个性在相关理论领域进行了详细的分析研究,并对设计师进行了性格分类,进而提出用设计师性格——岗位匹配的方法对设计师进行管理。接着,本文对几位艺术家和设计师进行了研究,发现他们的性格和设计作品之间存在着极其强烈的相关性,从而证明了设计师性格分类的正确性和设计师性格——岗位匹配应用的现实可能性。
本文在论述人本主义思潮和人本管理实质的基础上提出了以人为本理念在设计管理中应用的问题,在阐述以人为本理念在设计管理中应用的意义同时提出了应用的方法,即用设计师性格——岗位匹配的理论对设计师进行岗位优化配置,接着对设计师的管理岗位匹配和设计流程岗位匹配方法进行了具体的阐述。
最后,以国内某汽车设计公司为例,将本文的研究成果对该公司进行应用。在对该公司管理岗位和设计流程分析的基础上,对设计师进行性格测量,并指出他们的最佳匹配岗位。
As the Knowledge-driven economy and the global economic integration course being accelerated, core competitiveness of a company is no longer to be technology but talent,it is the only way to strengthen enterprise independent innovation that we must arouse man’s go-aheadism, enthusiasm and creativeness. Then the people-oriented management pattern is asked to be used. Designer is the innovative main force, the personalization management is especially necessary.
Design is creationary activity, those designs are prodigious difference, and they structure the immensity design space and the diversiform world. But how is the difference structured? Does it have some relationship between them? Does different kind of character have different predominance and inferior position ? Can we optimize them in the design management?
First, administrative background, purpose and significance is expatiated, designer's individuality is analysed detailedly in relevance theory field studies and then , the designer’s character is categorized, bring forward that designer should be managed by using Character and Post Matching. After that we do some research about several artists and designers, discover the extremely intense correlativity between their character and designing. So the accuracy of designers’characters classification and the realistic possibility of applying designer's personality-post matching are testified.
Based on discussing of Humanism ideological trend and managing essence, it is bringed forward that people oriented is applied on design management,and then this paper expatiates the meaning and applying method of people oriented. The method is using designer's character-post matching theory to assign their posts. After that we elaborate on the method of assigning on management post and design process post.
Finally we take some automobile design company as an example. Based on analysis of managing post and designing process , we measure designers’character and then point out their best match post.
设计是一种创造性的活动,在这种创造性的活动当中人与人有着很大的差异性,也正是这种差异性构成了设计的无限空间和我们丰富多样的世界。究竟这种差异性是怎样形成的?它们与设计师的个性或性格是否有着某种必然联系?设计师内在的个性或性格类别在设计活动中是否有着各自的优势或劣势?在设计管理中是否可以利用其各自的优势进行优化整合?
本文首先对设计师人性化管理的背景、目的和意义进行了阐述。然后对设计师的个性在相关理论领域进行了详细的分析研究,并对设计师进行了性格分类,进而提出用设计师性格——岗位匹配的方法对设计师进行管理。接着,本文对几位艺术家和设计师进行了研究,发现他们的性格和设计作品之间存在着极其强烈的相关性,从而证明了设计师性格分类的正确性和设计师性格——岗位匹配应用的现实可能性。
本文在论述人本主义思潮和人本管理实质的基础上提出了以人为本理念在设计管理中应用的问题,在阐述以人为本理念在设计管理中应用的意义同时提出了应用的方法,即用设计师性格——岗位匹配的理论对设计师进行岗位优化配置,接着对设计师的管理岗位匹配和设计流程岗位匹配方法进行了具体的阐述。
最后,以国内某汽车设计公司为例,将本文的研究成果对该公司进行应用。在对该公司管理岗位和设计流程分析的基础上,对设计师进行性格测量,并指出他们的最佳匹配岗位。
As the Knowledge-driven economy and the global economic integration course being accelerated, core competitiveness of a company is no longer to be technology but talent,it is the only way to strengthen enterprise independent innovation that we must arouse man’s go-aheadism, enthusiasm and creativeness. Then the people-oriented management pattern is asked to be used. Designer is the innovative main force, the personalization management is especially necessary.
Design is creationary activity, those designs are prodigious difference, and they structure the immensity design space and the diversiform world. But how is the difference structured? Does it have some relationship between them? Does different kind of character have different predominance and inferior position ? Can we optimize them in the design management?
First, administrative background, purpose and significance is expatiated, designer's individuality is analysed detailedly in relevance theory field studies and then , the designer’s character is categorized, bring forward that designer should be managed by using Character and Post Matching. After that we do some research about several artists and designers, discover the extremely intense correlativity between their character and designing. So the accuracy of designers’characters classification and the realistic possibility of applying designer's personality-post matching are testified.
Based on discussing of Humanism ideological trend and managing essence, it is bringed forward that people oriented is applied on design management,and then this paper expatiates the meaning and applying method of people oriented. The method is using designer's character-post matching theory to assign their posts. After that we elaborate on the method of assigning on management post and design process post.
Finally we take some automobile design company as an example. Based on analysis of managing post and designing process , we measure designers’character and then point out their best match post.
引文
[1] 张爱卿. 当代组织行为学理论与实践. 北京: 人民邮电出版社, 2006
[2] 李长寿. 略论现代企业 “柔性——人性化”管理. 萍乡:萍乡高等专科学校学报, 2006
[3] 叶奕乾,孔克勤. 个性心理学. 上海:华东师范大学出版社,2004
[4] 莫伟平. 设计管理战略与企业核心竞争力:[湖南大学硕士学位论文]. 长沙:湖南大学设计艺术学院,2004
[5] Guilfory, J.P.:Personality, 1959
[6] Allport, G. W.:Personality: A Psychological Interpretation, 1937、1961
[7] 斯特里劳. 气质心理学. 辽宁:辽宁人民出版社,1987
[8] 高玉祥. 设计心理学. 北京:北京师范大学,2003
[9] Lazarus, R.: Personality, 1978
[10] 卢盛忠. 管理心理学. 浙江:浙江教育出版社,1988,
[11] Morgan, C.T.et al: Introduction to psychology, 1979
[12] 刘国余. 设计管理. 上海:上海交通大学出版社,2006,
[13] Cattel, R.B.:The Scientific Analysis of Personality, 1965
[14] Maslow, A. H.: Motivation and Personality, 1970
[15] 气质和性格有什么区别. http://bellarticle.org/Knowledge/Mentality/Knowledge_1307.html
[16] 霍兰德职业性向测验量表. http://www.psycard.net/auto/data/68007/detail.php?thisid=30214
[17] 毕加索简介. http://hi.baidu.com/baijun1413/blog/item/bf396becd5bfc4d12f2e21f4.html
[18] 唐林. 毕加索传. 北京:时事出版社,2001
[19] 创作作品最多的画家——毕加索. http://www.yqyouth.com/html/bkjzx/hhysfView/2006100881520.html
[20] 瓦西里·康定斯基. http://www.luosen.com/cn/mr/kandinsky.htm
[21] 李惟妙. 康定斯基. 北京:中国人民大学出版社,2004
[22] 世界美术大师名画点评 12:毕加索/康定斯基. 山东:齐鲁音像出版社,2005
[23] 鲁森斯. 王垒等译. 组织行为学. 北京:北京大学出版社,2000
[24] Ancona et al.The Organization as Strategic Design.Three Lenses on Organizational Analysis and Action..South-Western College Publishing, 1999
[25] 正确看待以人为本原则. http://theory.people.com.cn/GB/41038/5592260.html
[26] Farr M., et al.. Design Management. Warwick: Hodder and Stoughton, 1966
[27] Gorb P.. Design Education for Industrial Managers. Langdon R., ed. Design Policy: Design Education.
[28] Chung K. W.. The Role of Industrial Design in New Product Strategy With Particular Emphasis on the Rolemof Design Consultant. PhD Thesis, Insititute of Advanced Studies, Manchester Polytechnic, 1989
[29] Herbert A. Simon. Organizations and Markets. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 1990
[30] 黄蔚. 设计管理欧美经典案例. 北京:北京理工大学出版社,2004,3
[31] 张乐山. 话说创意总监. http://www.chinaadren.com/html/file/2005-3-4/2005342349317259.html,2004-7-2
[32] Karl T.Ulrich. Steven D. Eppinger. 产品设计与开发. 詹涵菁译. 北京:高等教育出版社,2006
[33] Krippendorf K.. Where neanings escape functions. Design Management Journal,1993,29-37
[34] 日本经济产业省辖下制造产业局. 日本设计政策手册. http://www.meti.go.jp/repot/whitepaper/index.html. 2002
[35] Fairhead J.. Design for Corporate Culture. London: National Economic Development office,1987,12-18
[36] 王明旨. 产品设计. 杭州:中国美术学院出版社,1999
[37] 陈文印. 设计解读工业设计专业知能之探索. 台北:亚太图书出版社,2003,6
[38] 鲁晓波,赵超. 工业设计程序与方法. 北京:清华大学出版社,2006
[39] 何晓佑. 产品设计程序与方法. 北京:中国轻工业出版社,2004
[40] 上海同济同捷科技股份有限公司同济同捷汽车设计工程研究院. 同捷汽车造型设计的研发流程. 北京:中国汽车报,2004
[2] 李长寿. 略论现代企业 “柔性——人性化”管理. 萍乡:萍乡高等专科学校学报, 2006
[3] 叶奕乾,孔克勤. 个性心理学. 上海:华东师范大学出版社,2004
[4] 莫伟平. 设计管理战略与企业核心竞争力:[湖南大学硕士学位论文]. 长沙:湖南大学设计艺术学院,2004
[5] Guilfory, J.P.:Personality, 1959
[6] Allport, G. W.:Personality: A Psychological Interpretation, 1937、1961
[7] 斯特里劳. 气质心理学. 辽宁:辽宁人民出版社,1987
[8] 高玉祥. 设计心理学. 北京:北京师范大学,2003
[9] Lazarus, R.: Personality, 1978
[10] 卢盛忠. 管理心理学. 浙江:浙江教育出版社,1988,
[11] Morgan, C.T.et al: Introduction to psychology, 1979
[12] 刘国余. 设计管理. 上海:上海交通大学出版社,2006,
[13] Cattel, R.B.:The Scientific Analysis of Personality, 1965
[14] Maslow, A. H.: Motivation and Personality, 1970
[15] 气质和性格有什么区别. http://bellarticle.org/Knowledge/Mentality/Knowledge_1307.html
[16] 霍兰德职业性向测验量表. http://www.psycard.net/auto/data/68007/detail.php?thisid=30214
[17] 毕加索简介. http://hi.baidu.com/baijun1413/blog/item/bf396becd5bfc4d12f2e21f4.html
[18] 唐林. 毕加索传. 北京:时事出版社,2001
[19] 创作作品最多的画家——毕加索. http://www.yqyouth.com/html/bkjzx/hhysfView/2006100881520.html
[20] 瓦西里·康定斯基. http://www.luosen.com/cn/mr/kandinsky.htm
[21] 李惟妙. 康定斯基. 北京:中国人民大学出版社,2004
[22] 世界美术大师名画点评 12:毕加索/康定斯基. 山东:齐鲁音像出版社,2005
[23] 鲁森斯. 王垒等译. 组织行为学. 北京:北京大学出版社,2000
[24] Ancona et al.The Organization as Strategic Design.Three Lenses on Organizational Analysis and Action..South-Western College Publishing, 1999
[25] 正确看待以人为本原则. http://theory.people.com.cn/GB/41038/5592260.html
[26] Farr M., et al.. Design Management. Warwick: Hodder and Stoughton, 1966
[27] Gorb P.. Design Education for Industrial Managers. Langdon R., ed. Design Policy: Design Education.
[28] Chung K. W.. The Role of Industrial Design in New Product Strategy With Particular Emphasis on the Rolemof Design Consultant. PhD Thesis, Insititute of Advanced Studies, Manchester Polytechnic, 1989
[29] Herbert A. Simon. Organizations and Markets. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 1990
[30] 黄蔚. 设计管理欧美经典案例. 北京:北京理工大学出版社,2004,3
[31] 张乐山. 话说创意总监. http://www.chinaadren.com/html/file/2005-3-4/2005342349317259.html,2004-7-2
[32] Karl T.Ulrich. Steven D. Eppinger. 产品设计与开发. 詹涵菁译. 北京:高等教育出版社,2006
[33] Krippendorf K.. Where neanings escape functions. Design Management Journal,1993,29-37
[34] 日本经济产业省辖下制造产业局. 日本设计政策手册. http://www.meti.go.jp/repot/whitepaper/index.html. 2002
[35] Fairhead J.. Design for Corporate Culture. London: National Economic Development office,1987,12-18
[36] 王明旨. 产品设计. 杭州:中国美术学院出版社,1999
[37] 陈文印. 设计解读工业设计专业知能之探索. 台北:亚太图书出版社,2003,6
[38] 鲁晓波,赵超. 工业设计程序与方法. 北京:清华大学出版社,2006
[39] 何晓佑. 产品设计程序与方法. 北京:中国轻工业出版社,2004
[40] 上海同济同捷科技股份有限公司同济同捷汽车设计工程研究院. 同捷汽车造型设计的研发流程. 北京:中国汽车报,2004