DVOR监控系统数字化的软件仿真及硬件实现
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摘要
DVOR(多普勒甚高频全向信标)是当今民航最为常用的通信导航设备之一,可以给民航飞行器提供角度信息。监控器是DVOR导航系统的重要组成部分之一,其接收DVOR导航系统发射的电磁信号、解调信号并与正确值相比较,从而判定DVOR导航系统的工作状态是否正常。
在系统分析DVOR导航系统及监控器原理的基础上,针对DVOR导航系统的典型产品DVOR4000,提出了DVOR监控器的数字化改进方案。在传统方案中,参数提取过程中所涉及的滤波器、FM解调以及莫尔斯码识别均由模拟电路完成。新的方案采用数字电路代替原方案中的模拟电路,完成对信号的分析,获得需要监控的参数。新方案主要涉及的数字信号处理方法有DFT算法、FM正交解调算法、FIR数字滤波器和改进的Goertzel算法。
本文对方案所涉及的各种算法进行详细的分析,对数字化改进方案信号流程进行了详细的推理。采用SystemView和VC++软件实现了数字方案的软件仿真,软件SystemView完成对方案数字电路的仿真,VC++编写数字方案的可视界面。最后利用DSP芯片TMS320C5409完成了数字方案的硬件实验。
DVOR (Doppler VHF omni-directional Range) is one of the equipments most commonly used in today's civil aviation communications and navigation. It provides the perspective information for the aircraft. As the important part of the DVOR navigation system, the monitor receives the electromagnetic signals transmitted by the DVOR system, thereby determining the working state of the DVOR navigation system.
At the basis of analysis for the principle of DVOR navigation system and monitor, an improved digital method is arised aim at the DVOR4000 which is one of the most representative products of DVOR system. In the traditional method, the filter, FM demodulator as well as the Morse code identification in the parameter extraction process are completed by the analog circuit. In stead of analog circuit ,the new method completes the parameter extraction process with the digital technique. The digital signal processing technique mainly involved in the new method inclue DFT algorithm ,FM quadrature demodulation algorithm ,FIR digital filter and the improved Goertzel algorithm.
A detailed analysis is carried out for a variety of algorithms involved in the method, and a detailed consequence is done for the signal flow of the improved digital method.The new method is simulated by the SystemView and VC++. The SystemView simulates the digital circuit of the new method and the VC++ prepare the visual interface programs of the new method. At last, the hardware experiment is completed on the DSP chip TMS320C5409.
在系统分析DVOR导航系统及监控器原理的基础上,针对DVOR导航系统的典型产品DVOR4000,提出了DVOR监控器的数字化改进方案。在传统方案中,参数提取过程中所涉及的滤波器、FM解调以及莫尔斯码识别均由模拟电路完成。新的方案采用数字电路代替原方案中的模拟电路,完成对信号的分析,获得需要监控的参数。新方案主要涉及的数字信号处理方法有DFT算法、FM正交解调算法、FIR数字滤波器和改进的Goertzel算法。
本文对方案所涉及的各种算法进行详细的分析,对数字化改进方案信号流程进行了详细的推理。采用SystemView和VC++软件实现了数字方案的软件仿真,软件SystemView完成对方案数字电路的仿真,VC++编写数字方案的可视界面。最后利用DSP芯片TMS320C5409完成了数字方案的硬件实验。
DVOR (Doppler VHF omni-directional Range) is one of the equipments most commonly used in today's civil aviation communications and navigation. It provides the perspective information for the aircraft. As the important part of the DVOR navigation system, the monitor receives the electromagnetic signals transmitted by the DVOR system, thereby determining the working state of the DVOR navigation system.
At the basis of analysis for the principle of DVOR navigation system and monitor, an improved digital method is arised aim at the DVOR4000 which is one of the most representative products of DVOR system. In the traditional method, the filter, FM demodulator as well as the Morse code identification in the parameter extraction process are completed by the analog circuit. In stead of analog circuit ,the new method completes the parameter extraction process with the digital technique. The digital signal processing technique mainly involved in the new method inclue DFT algorithm ,FM quadrature demodulation algorithm ,FIR digital filter and the improved Goertzel algorithm.
A detailed analysis is carried out for a variety of algorithms involved in the method, and a detailed consequence is done for the signal flow of the improved digital method.The new method is simulated by the SystemView and VC++. The SystemView simulates the digital circuit of the new method and the VC++ prepare the visual interface programs of the new method. At last, the hardware experiment is completed on the DSP chip TMS320C5409.
引文
[1]李海松,杨庚成,粟健.航空无线电NDB导航台及其作用距离的提高[J].桂林航天工业高等专科学校学报,2006,11(1):48-51
[2]郑连兴,倪育德.DVOR VRB-51D多普勒全向信标[M].北京:中国民航出版社,1996.1-2
[3]马士忠.测距机[M].北京:中国民航出版社,1994.44-67
[4]弋沛琦,高瑞乾,刘石源.飞机着落系统的现状与发展[J].海军航空工程学报,2005,20(4):461-464
[5] Cassell.R,Smith.A Development of required navigation performance (RNP) requirements for airport surface movement guidance and control[C].In:25th Digital Avionics Systems Conference.2006.IEEE/AIAA .2006:1-9
[6] Crow,R.P.Civil aviation’s next generation global CNS/ATM system[J].IEEE.Position Location and Navigtion Symposium,2000,20(9):66-73
[7]郭明伟.空中交通管制人为因素之——ATC系统分析.空中交通管理,2002(5):14-16
[8]爱强,刘阳,胡明波.两种多普勒全向信标的比较[J].民航科技,2006(4):16-18
[9] ICAO.国际民航公约附件10[S].航空电信,1985
[10] MH/T4006.2—1998航空无线电导航设备第2部分;甚高频全向信标(VOR)技术要求[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1998
[11]刘文利.导航VOR/DME设备在民航中的应用[J].民航科技,2006(4):31-33
[12]黄家珍,吴新勇.DVOR/DME航路的建设[J].民航科技,2006(2):9-11
[13]张运.多普勒超声心动图学[M].青岛:青岛出版社,1996.11-12
[14]孙欧,由晓峰.全向信标副载波调制度过低的原因及解决方法[J].空中交通管理,2005(2):23-25
[15] Thales.ATM GmbH. Technical Manual Part 1 Equipment Description[Z].2004.9—13,35-42
[16]章力民.AGC技术在短波数字收信机中的应用[J].舰船电子工程,2008,28(8):71-73
[17]高国坪,王世有.DVOR设备调频指数分析及典型故障.民航科技,2008,3(127):6-8
[18]张洪涛,万红,杨述斌.数字信号处理[M].湖北:华中科技大学出版社,2007.186-206
[19]李东生.SystemView系统设计及仿真入门与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002.62-65
[20]谢利民,唐霞.基于SystmView的FIR数字滤波器设计[J].现代电子技术,2008,13(276):107-109
[21] Scheets G,Singh R,Parperis M.edc.Analyzing end-to-end delivery delay in pure VoIP networks[C].The 2002 45th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, USA:IEEE,2002,2(02):517-520.
[22] Cai Quanwei,Wei Ping,Xiao Xianci.A Digital Modulation Recognition Method[J].IEEE Trans.on Communications,2004, COM-38 (07):863-866
[23] Zhang G,Al-Khalili D.Novel approach to the design of I/Q demodu-lation filters [J].IEEE Image Signal Process.1994,1413,141(3):154-160
[24]杨小牛.软件无线电原理应用[M] .北京:电子工业出版社,2005.189-197
[25]史学书,陆海峰.软件无线电中NCO的设计与实现[J].军事通信,2005(15):6-8,11
[26]祝林啸,吴嗣亮.一种调频信号数字正交解调方法[J].电讯技术,2005(4):120-123
[27] VOLDER J E.The CORDIC trigonometric computing technique[J].IRE Transactions on Computers,1959, 8(9):330-334
[28] Cheng-Shing,Wu,An-Yeu Wu. Modified vector rotational CORDIC (MVR-CORDIC) algorithm and architecture[J], IEEE Trans.On Circuits and Systems,2001, 48(6):548-561
[29] Hu Xiaobo, Harber R G, Bass S C.Expanding the range of convergence of the CORDIC algorithm[J].IEEE Transactions on Computers.1991,401,40(1):13-21
[30]徐以涛,李浩,王金龙,等.软件无线电中调频波形的正交解调[J].解放军理工大学学报(自然科学报),2006,7(4):312-315
[31] Jacobsen E.,Lyons R.The sliding DFT. IEEE Trans. On Signal Processing Magazine.2003,20(2):74-80
[32]薛曼芳.基于改进的Goertzel算法的双音多频检测器的设计[J].兰州工业高等专科学校校报,2008,15(3):27-29
[33]孙宪刚.用DSP实现检测多频信号的高效方法[J].无线电工程,2005,35 (4):62-64.
[34]王卫兵,朱秋萍,徐心毅,等. Goertzel算法的一种改进计算结构[J].武汉大学学报(理学报),2007,53(3):375-378
[35]袁文澹,唐伟.微机模拟自动拍发MORSE电报[J].计算机与自动化,2001,20(2):75-78,86
[36]孙兴邦,刘亮,夏志忠.定点DSP C55X实现浮点相关运算[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用.2007(3):74-76
[37] Texas Instruments.TMS320V5409 Datasheet[DB/OL]. http://focus.ti.com/lit/ds/sprs-082f.pdf,2008-12-11
[38]禹定臣.TLV1571与TMS320C54XX的接口设计与调试[J].天中学刊,2006,21(5):54-55
[2]郑连兴,倪育德.DVOR VRB-51D多普勒全向信标[M].北京:中国民航出版社,1996.1-2
[3]马士忠.测距机[M].北京:中国民航出版社,1994.44-67
[4]弋沛琦,高瑞乾,刘石源.飞机着落系统的现状与发展[J].海军航空工程学报,2005,20(4):461-464
[5] Cassell.R,Smith.A Development of required navigation performance (RNP) requirements for airport surface movement guidance and control[C].In:25th Digital Avionics Systems Conference.2006.IEEE/AIAA .2006:1-9
[6] Crow,R.P.Civil aviation’s next generation global CNS/ATM system[J].IEEE.Position Location and Navigtion Symposium,2000,20(9):66-73
[7]郭明伟.空中交通管制人为因素之——ATC系统分析.空中交通管理,2002(5):14-16
[8]爱强,刘阳,胡明波.两种多普勒全向信标的比较[J].民航科技,2006(4):16-18
[9] ICAO.国际民航公约附件10[S].航空电信,1985
[10] MH/T4006.2—1998航空无线电导航设备第2部分;甚高频全向信标(VOR)技术要求[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1998
[11]刘文利.导航VOR/DME设备在民航中的应用[J].民航科技,2006(4):31-33
[12]黄家珍,吴新勇.DVOR/DME航路的建设[J].民航科技,2006(2):9-11
[13]张运.多普勒超声心动图学[M].青岛:青岛出版社,1996.11-12
[14]孙欧,由晓峰.全向信标副载波调制度过低的原因及解决方法[J].空中交通管理,2005(2):23-25
[15] Thales.ATM GmbH. Technical Manual Part 1 Equipment Description[Z].2004.9—13,35-42
[16]章力民.AGC技术在短波数字收信机中的应用[J].舰船电子工程,2008,28(8):71-73
[17]高国坪,王世有.DVOR设备调频指数分析及典型故障.民航科技,2008,3(127):6-8
[18]张洪涛,万红,杨述斌.数字信号处理[M].湖北:华中科技大学出版社,2007.186-206
[19]李东生.SystemView系统设计及仿真入门与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002.62-65
[20]谢利民,唐霞.基于SystmView的FIR数字滤波器设计[J].现代电子技术,2008,13(276):107-109
[21] Scheets G,Singh R,Parperis M.edc.Analyzing end-to-end delivery delay in pure VoIP networks[C].The 2002 45th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, USA:IEEE,2002,2(02):517-520.
[22] Cai Quanwei,Wei Ping,Xiao Xianci.A Digital Modulation Recognition Method[J].IEEE Trans.on Communications,2004, COM-38 (07):863-866
[23] Zhang G,Al-Khalili D.Novel approach to the design of I/Q demodu-lation filters [J].IEEE Image Signal Process.1994,1413,141(3):154-160
[24]杨小牛.软件无线电原理应用[M] .北京:电子工业出版社,2005.189-197
[25]史学书,陆海峰.软件无线电中NCO的设计与实现[J].军事通信,2005(15):6-8,11
[26]祝林啸,吴嗣亮.一种调频信号数字正交解调方法[J].电讯技术,2005(4):120-123
[27] VOLDER J E.The CORDIC trigonometric computing technique[J].IRE Transactions on Computers,1959, 8(9):330-334
[28] Cheng-Shing,Wu,An-Yeu Wu. Modified vector rotational CORDIC (MVR-CORDIC) algorithm and architecture[J], IEEE Trans.On Circuits and Systems,2001, 48(6):548-561
[29] Hu Xiaobo, Harber R G, Bass S C.Expanding the range of convergence of the CORDIC algorithm[J].IEEE Transactions on Computers.1991,401,40(1):13-21
[30]徐以涛,李浩,王金龙,等.软件无线电中调频波形的正交解调[J].解放军理工大学学报(自然科学报),2006,7(4):312-315
[31] Jacobsen E.,Lyons R.The sliding DFT. IEEE Trans. On Signal Processing Magazine.2003,20(2):74-80
[32]薛曼芳.基于改进的Goertzel算法的双音多频检测器的设计[J].兰州工业高等专科学校校报,2008,15(3):27-29
[33]孙宪刚.用DSP实现检测多频信号的高效方法[J].无线电工程,2005,35 (4):62-64.
[34]王卫兵,朱秋萍,徐心毅,等. Goertzel算法的一种改进计算结构[J].武汉大学学报(理学报),2007,53(3):375-378
[35]袁文澹,唐伟.微机模拟自动拍发MORSE电报[J].计算机与自动化,2001,20(2):75-78,86
[36]孙兴邦,刘亮,夏志忠.定点DSP C55X实现浮点相关运算[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用.2007(3):74-76
[37] Texas Instruments.TMS320V5409 Datasheet[DB/OL]. http://focus.ti.com/lit/ds/sprs-082f.pdf,2008-12-11
[38]禹定臣.TLV1571与TMS320C54XX的接口设计与调试[J].天中学刊,2006,21(5):54-55