深海资源开采系统球铰硬管接头的设计及系统横向运动分析
|
摘要
本文分析了国内外开发的扬矿系统中的联接装置的优缺点。由于海洋环境和作业条件的影响,扬矿管体承受着巨大的弯矩。为了消除弯矩的不良影响,本文提出并设计了一种新的联接装置——球铰接头,其设计特点是扬矿管接头没有焊接部件,联接强度高,拆装快捷,可多次重复使用。该接头使扬矿管只受轴向力,不受弯矩和扭矩,相当于柔性管。
论文对球铰接头做了详尽的性能分析,进行了关键零件和部位的受力分析和安全校核。提出了防腐措施。用能量损失法分析了螺纹脂密封性能。用有限元法分析了螺纹的滑脱失效。分析结果表明,所研制的球铰式接头能够满足中试系统的作业要求。
论文以球铰的三维接触问题为切入点,研究了三维接触应力的计算方法。根据变分原理和虚功原理推出了两个球面接触的刚度方程式,并补充了接触条件,得到了四种状态下的定解条件。采用面对面的接触单元作为分析单元。对于接触面上的摩擦问题,则建立了简化的粘滑摩擦理想模型来进行模拟计算。最终计算出了研究对象接触面上的接触应力。
本文基于修正后的莫里森方程,用数值积分的方法,采用常深度二维小振幅线性波理论,研究了四级和六级海况下,液动力随着水深和时间的变化关系。
为了考查采用新型接头的效果,本文分别建立了刚性联接和铰接联接两种情况下的静力和动力特性变分数学模型,联合使用有限元和虚拟仿真两种技术,建立计算机分析模型,以海浪周期为8秒和10秒为例,详细分析和比较了刚性和铰接两种联接方式下扬矿管路系统的横向偏移特性。对刚性联接扬矿管路系统横向运动进行仿真分析时,选用管单元来模拟扬矿管。得到了两种海况下扬矿系统水平稳态偏移构型,系统的最大水平偏移发生在扬矿管底端,8秒周期海况下为2.1米,偏移角度为0.14。10秒周期海况下为3.3米,偏移角度为0.21。整体偏移量随着海水绝对深度的增加而增加。对铰接扬矿管路系统横向运动进行仿真分析时,用曲线拟合其水平受力状况。分析得出系统偏移在总体上呈周期性变化,8秒周期海况下大约为50秒。最大偏移量为6.3米,偏移角度为0.40。10秒周期海况下周期大约为57秒。最大偏移量为5.9米,偏移角度为0.38。
以螺纹联接的扬矿管系统虽然横向偏移较小,但管体承受着一定的弯矩,这对设备的强度和可靠性是不利的。如果采用铰接式扬矿管联接装置,则扬矿管只受轴向力,但系统的横向偏移稍大。不过总体偏移角度仍然很小,只要在设计球铰联接装置时,预留一定的转角余量,则可满足要求。这对整个系统采用球铰联接提供了依据。
为了验证计算结果的正确性,完成了1000米扬矿硬管系统1:100模型的运动状态试验和球铰接头1:1模型的力学试验。结果表明仿真分析结果是正确的,并能够满足中试系统的工作要求。
The merits and faults of connection device in deep sea mining system are summarized in this dissertation. Because of the influence of both marine environment and work condition, substantial moment is applied to lifting pipes. In order to relieve of its harmful effect, a neotype connection device—spherical joint is designed in the paper. And it has the features of free of welds, high strength and convenient dismounting; moreover, it can be used many times in deep sea mining. With this kind of joint, the moment will be removed from the lifting pipes, so the pipes can be regarded as flexible ones.
Detailed performance analysis of spherical joint is developed in this paper, including stress analysis and safety check of key components, anticorrosion performance and thread seal effectiveness studied with energy loss method and thread slip stress with finite element method. The results indicated that the spherical joint can meet the work condition of 1000 meters’pilot-scale mining system in China.
On the basis of 3D contact problem of spherical joint, computational method of 3D contact stress is investigated in the paper. Two rigidity equations of both spherical surfaces are derived from variation principle and virtual work principle. Furthermore, the contact conditions under four contact states are added in order to solve the rigidity equations. Surface to surface contact element is used as analysis element. With regard to the friction on the contact surfaces, the simplified ideal stick-slip friction model is built to simulate it. Finally distribution map of 3D contact stress on the contact surfaces of spherical joint is obtained.
Hydrodynamic force under different conditions, including marine conditions band 4 and 6, is studied based on Normal Depth 2D Small Amplitude Linear Wave Theory and Modified Morison Equation. All the data are got by numerical integration method. The relationship among three variable parameters, which are hydrodynamic force, sea water depth and time, is presented in visual pictures.
To study the performance of mining system assembled with spherical joints, static analysis model and dynamic characteristics variation mathematic model are built in the paper, both for thread-connected system and spherical joints connected system respectively. The lateral displacement characteristics of thread-connected system are compared with that of spherical joint connected system by FEM and virtual simulation technology. During the simulation of the first system, pipe element is chosen to simulate lifting pipe. Steady-state lateral displacement shape of lifting system is obtained under different conditions. The maximum lateral displacement is yield at the bottom of lifting pipes, which is 2.1m for band 4 marine conditions and 3.3m for band 6 marine conditions. And the deviation angle is 0.14 and 0.21 for each. Moreover, the displacement is increased with the increase of sea water depth. During the simulation of the second system, the hydrodynamic force is fitted with sinusoidal curve. Its deviation exhibits periodic property with the increase of time. The analysis result is that: under band 4 marine conditions, periodicity is about 50 seconds, its displacement is 6.3m and the deviation angle is 0.40 . While under band 6 marine conditions, the counterpart values are 57 seconds, 5.9m and 0.38 .
Although the lateral displacement of thread-connected lifting pipes system is smaller, the pipes are subjected to immense moment, which is unfavorable to strength safety and reliability. The pipes of spherical joint connected lifting pipes system are free of moment and only subjected to axial forces, but the lateral displacement of the system is relatively larger. Nevertheless, the overall deviation angle is still small. If a given angle is allowed during spherical joint design, then the spherical joint connected lifting pipes system can meet the specification of 1000m deep sea mining system. According to this point, spherical joints can be widely applied in 1000 meters’pilot-scale mining system in China.
To examine and certify the precision of analysis, two relevant experiments have been carried out in this paper: one is 1:100 model motion state experiment of 1000m lifting pipes, the other is 1:1 model tension test of designed spherical joint. The results of computation are consistent with those from experiments on the whole. Therefore, the spherical joints can be applied in the deep sea mining system of China.
论文对球铰接头做了详尽的性能分析,进行了关键零件和部位的受力分析和安全校核。提出了防腐措施。用能量损失法分析了螺纹脂密封性能。用有限元法分析了螺纹的滑脱失效。分析结果表明,所研制的球铰式接头能够满足中试系统的作业要求。
论文以球铰的三维接触问题为切入点,研究了三维接触应力的计算方法。根据变分原理和虚功原理推出了两个球面接触的刚度方程式,并补充了接触条件,得到了四种状态下的定解条件。采用面对面的接触单元作为分析单元。对于接触面上的摩擦问题,则建立了简化的粘滑摩擦理想模型来进行模拟计算。最终计算出了研究对象接触面上的接触应力。
本文基于修正后的莫里森方程,用数值积分的方法,采用常深度二维小振幅线性波理论,研究了四级和六级海况下,液动力随着水深和时间的变化关系。
为了考查采用新型接头的效果,本文分别建立了刚性联接和铰接联接两种情况下的静力和动力特性变分数学模型,联合使用有限元和虚拟仿真两种技术,建立计算机分析模型,以海浪周期为8秒和10秒为例,详细分析和比较了刚性和铰接两种联接方式下扬矿管路系统的横向偏移特性。对刚性联接扬矿管路系统横向运动进行仿真分析时,选用管单元来模拟扬矿管。得到了两种海况下扬矿系统水平稳态偏移构型,系统的最大水平偏移发生在扬矿管底端,8秒周期海况下为2.1米,偏移角度为0.14。10秒周期海况下为3.3米,偏移角度为0.21。整体偏移量随着海水绝对深度的增加而增加。对铰接扬矿管路系统横向运动进行仿真分析时,用曲线拟合其水平受力状况。分析得出系统偏移在总体上呈周期性变化,8秒周期海况下大约为50秒。最大偏移量为6.3米,偏移角度为0.40。10秒周期海况下周期大约为57秒。最大偏移量为5.9米,偏移角度为0.38。
以螺纹联接的扬矿管系统虽然横向偏移较小,但管体承受着一定的弯矩,这对设备的强度和可靠性是不利的。如果采用铰接式扬矿管联接装置,则扬矿管只受轴向力,但系统的横向偏移稍大。不过总体偏移角度仍然很小,只要在设计球铰联接装置时,预留一定的转角余量,则可满足要求。这对整个系统采用球铰联接提供了依据。
为了验证计算结果的正确性,完成了1000米扬矿硬管系统1:100模型的运动状态试验和球铰接头1:1模型的力学试验。结果表明仿真分析结果是正确的,并能够满足中试系统的工作要求。
The merits and faults of connection device in deep sea mining system are summarized in this dissertation. Because of the influence of both marine environment and work condition, substantial moment is applied to lifting pipes. In order to relieve of its harmful effect, a neotype connection device—spherical joint is designed in the paper. And it has the features of free of welds, high strength and convenient dismounting; moreover, it can be used many times in deep sea mining. With this kind of joint, the moment will be removed from the lifting pipes, so the pipes can be regarded as flexible ones.
Detailed performance analysis of spherical joint is developed in this paper, including stress analysis and safety check of key components, anticorrosion performance and thread seal effectiveness studied with energy loss method and thread slip stress with finite element method. The results indicated that the spherical joint can meet the work condition of 1000 meters’pilot-scale mining system in China.
On the basis of 3D contact problem of spherical joint, computational method of 3D contact stress is investigated in the paper. Two rigidity equations of both spherical surfaces are derived from variation principle and virtual work principle. Furthermore, the contact conditions under four contact states are added in order to solve the rigidity equations. Surface to surface contact element is used as analysis element. With regard to the friction on the contact surfaces, the simplified ideal stick-slip friction model is built to simulate it. Finally distribution map of 3D contact stress on the contact surfaces of spherical joint is obtained.
Hydrodynamic force under different conditions, including marine conditions band 4 and 6, is studied based on Normal Depth 2D Small Amplitude Linear Wave Theory and Modified Morison Equation. All the data are got by numerical integration method. The relationship among three variable parameters, which are hydrodynamic force, sea water depth and time, is presented in visual pictures.
To study the performance of mining system assembled with spherical joints, static analysis model and dynamic characteristics variation mathematic model are built in the paper, both for thread-connected system and spherical joints connected system respectively. The lateral displacement characteristics of thread-connected system are compared with that of spherical joint connected system by FEM and virtual simulation technology. During the simulation of the first system, pipe element is chosen to simulate lifting pipe. Steady-state lateral displacement shape of lifting system is obtained under different conditions. The maximum lateral displacement is yield at the bottom of lifting pipes, which is 2.1m for band 4 marine conditions and 3.3m for band 6 marine conditions. And the deviation angle is 0.14 and 0.21 for each. Moreover, the displacement is increased with the increase of sea water depth. During the simulation of the second system, the hydrodynamic force is fitted with sinusoidal curve. Its deviation exhibits periodic property with the increase of time. The analysis result is that: under band 4 marine conditions, periodicity is about 50 seconds, its displacement is 6.3m and the deviation angle is 0.40 . While under band 6 marine conditions, the counterpart values are 57 seconds, 5.9m and 0.38 .
Although the lateral displacement of thread-connected lifting pipes system is smaller, the pipes are subjected to immense moment, which is unfavorable to strength safety and reliability. The pipes of spherical joint connected lifting pipes system are free of moment and only subjected to axial forces, but the lateral displacement of the system is relatively larger. Nevertheless, the overall deviation angle is still small. If a given angle is allowed during spherical joint design, then the spherical joint connected lifting pipes system can meet the specification of 1000m deep sea mining system. According to this point, spherical joints can be widely applied in 1000 meters’pilot-scale mining system in China.
To examine and certify the precision of analysis, two relevant experiments have been carried out in this paper: one is 1:100 model motion state experiment of 1000m lifting pipes, the other is 1:1 model tension test of designed spherical joint. The results of computation are consistent with those from experiments on the whole. Therefore, the spherical joints can be applied in the deep sea mining system of China.
引文
[1] Stanislaw Depowski,Ryszard Kotlinski,Edward Ruhle,Krzysztof Szamalek.熊传治,邹伟生 译,金建才,郭世勤 校 .海底矿物资源 .北京:海洋出版社,2001:7~14
[2] 牛京考 .大洋多金属结核开发研究述评 . 中国锰业 .2002(2):20~26
[3] 中国大洋协会办公室,国家资源信息中心 .关于先驱投资者申请矿区的登记 .北京:海洋出版社,1998.
[4] 简曲 .大洋采矿集矿机的现状与展望 .矿山机械.1997(8):1~3
[5] 简曲,陈新明,王明和 .21 世纪中国的大洋多金属结核工业开采.中国矿业.1997(3):16~19
[6] 谢龙水.深海水力提升式采矿系统的研究 .中国矿业.1995(7):27~36
[7] Lou Tercier Waeber M,et al .Sea Technology.1999(5):74 ~79
[8] 肖林京.深海采矿扬矿管运动学和动力学特性研究.博士学位论文.北京:北京科技大学,2000.
[9] 吕东,何将三,刘少军 . 深海资源开采技术的研究现状 . 2004(9):6~9
[10] 冯雅丽,李浩然. 深海矿产资源开发与利用 .北京:海洋出版社,2004 :116~120
[11] 阳宁,夏建新 .国际海底资源开发技术及其发展趋势 .矿冶工程. 2000(1):1~4
[12] Bath A R . Deep sea mining technology : recent developments and future projects.OTC 5998,1989,243~250
[13] Chung J S,Cheng B R.Effects of elastic joints on the 3D nonlinear coupled responses of a deep ocean pipe:modelling and boundary conditions.Int. J. Off. Polar Engg.,1996,(6):203~211
[14] Sup Hong.3-D Dynamic Analyses of Lifting Pipe Systems in Deep Sea Bed Mining.ISOPE Ocean Mining Symposium.1997,75~81
[15] Ning Y, Minghe W.New era for China manganese nodule mining, Summary of last five years’ research activities and prospective,2nd Ocean Mining symp. .ISOPE,1997,8~11
[16] 长沙矿山研究院海洋采矿情报研究所.深海采矿提升技术的研究.1992,23~32
[17] H. Yamada,T. Yamazaki.Japan's Ocean Test of the Nodule mining System.The Proceedings of the Eighth (1998) International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference.ISOPE,1998,13~19
[18] Anthony T Jones.Trends in deep seabed mining technology.The Journal of Offshore Technology.2003(11):37~40
[19] Anil B. Valsangkar.deep-sea Polymetallic Nodule mining: Challenges Ahead for Technologists and Environmentalists.Marine georesources & geotechnology.2003(21):81~91
[20] 中国大洋协会.国际海底区域研究开发“ 十五” 课题合同(DY105-03-02-17) . 2001
[21] 冯雅丽,李浩然,张云仙. 深海采矿扬矿管横向液动力分析. 金属矿山, 1999(3):1~3
[22] 竺艳蓉. 海洋工程波浪力学. 天津大学出版社,1991:10~15
[23] 方华灿. 海洋石油钻采装备与结构.石油工业出版社,1990:89~114
[24] 凌胜,肖林京,申焱华,张文明. 深海采矿开采系统运动状态和动态特性影响因素分析研究. 中国工程科学, 2002(3):1~3
[25] 黄祥鹿,陆鑫森. 海洋工程流体力学及结构动力响应. 上海交通大学出版社,1992:28~30
[26] M.H.Kim,Z.Ran . Responses of an articulated tower in waves and currents.International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering.Vol.4, Dec,1994:298~301
[27] 李杰, 杨曙东.海水泵球铰副的结构设计及优化:液压气动,2005(5):72~74
[28] 罗建国.新型复合球铰运动副的研究设计:华北科技学院学报,2003(3):47 ~49
[29] 常研.一种球铰式连接结构:电子机械工程,2001(1):14 ~15
[30] 罗春雷.球铰式转轴密封装置研究:中南工业大学学报,2001(5):515 ~518
[31] Wu, Kung C, Melgoza, Rex.Spherical robotic shoulder joint.Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing,1997,13(2):175~194
[32] Alici, Gürsel, Shirinzadeh, Bijan.Topology optimisation and singularity analysis of a 3-SPS parallel manipulator with a passive constraining spherical joint.Mechanism and Machine Theory,2004,39(2):215~235
[33] Gil, K.H., Kim, C.G., Bak, J.S., Youn, H.S., Koo, Y.M. .Design of a 6 DOF HFM manipulator using an external spherical joint.Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment,2001,467(7):778~781
[34] Hlavácek, M. .The influence of the acetabular labrum seal, intact articular superficial zone and synovial fluid thixotropy on squeeze-film lubrication of a spherical synovial joint.Journal of Biomechanics,2002,35(10):1325~1335
[35] Gil, K.H., Bak, J.S., Chung, J.H.,Lee, K.B.,Lee, S.S., Kwon, T.H.,Youm, Y.I. .Mirror manipulator with independent adjustability using an external spherical joint .Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment,2001,470(1):122~127
[36] 李黔,冯少波.轴向载荷对套管螺纹连接应力的影响分析.西南石油学院学报,2002(2):81~83
[37] 袁光杰,林元华,姚振强,刘龙权.API 偏梯形套管螺纹连接的接触应力场研究.钢铁,2004(9):35~38
[38] 赵华.螺纹管接头的弹塑性应力分析.机械工程学报,1997(2):86~92
[39] 王琍,张汝忻,邹家祥,臧勇.API 圆螺纹套管接头应力场分布试验.北京科技大学学报,2002(12):555~558
[40] 王琍,陈兆能,佟德纯,邹家祥,臧勇.套管接头螺纹滑脱失效有限元模拟.北京科技大学学报,2001(4):137~139
[41] 张广智,裘达夫,左昭武.表面工程技术在船体长效保护中的应用.中国修船,2004
[42] 颜世文,于全虎.钢质海船的腐蚀原因与防护.江苏船舶,2003
[43] 胡士信.管道阴极保护技术现状与展望.腐蚀与防护,2004
[44] John Beavers.腐蚀机理与腐蚀防护.全面腐蚀控制,2004
[45] 王朝晖,李旭光.管道阴极保护的探讨.管道技术与设备,2004(01)
[46] 刘胜.地下长输管道外加电流阴极保护的电化学过程分析.连云港化工高等专科学校学报,2002(04)
[47] 付治深.钢质海船的腐蚀与阴极保护.船海工程,2004(04)
[48] 胡伶俐.一种用于阴极保护的新装置.管道技术与设备,2000(03)
[49] 庄新国,孟宪级,梁旭巍.阴极保护系统设计方法的发展和现状.中国港湾建设,1996(06)
[50] 郭琦龙,辜志俊,苏方腾.海底管道的防腐蚀. 腐蚀与防护,1996(05):195~203
[51] 范建宏.浅谈给水钢管内外壁的防腐.科技情报开发与经济,2005(22):255~256
[52] 王琍,陈兆能,张汝忻.API 圆螺纹套管接头螺纹脂密封性能分析:上海交通大学学报,2001(7):1053~1056
[53] American Petroleum Institute APISTD 5B specification for threading,casing,and thread inspection of casing,tubing,and line pipe threads.14th ed.USA: USA.API 1996
[54] American Petroleum Institute APISPEC 5CT specification for casing,and tubing.16th ed.USA: USA.API 1998
[55] 李玉柱,苑明顺.流体力学.北京:机械工业出版社,1998.125~180
[56] 李润芳,龚剑霞.接触问题数值方法及其在机械设计中的应用.重庆:重庆大学出版社,1991
[57] 凌道胜,徐兴.非线性有限元及程序.杭州:浙江大学出版社,2004
[58] 丁皓江,何福保,谢贻权.弹性和塑性力学中的有限单元法.北京:机械工业出版社,1989
[59] 欧恒安,龚剑霞.三维弹性接触问题有限元改进混合法及数值计算:重庆大学学报,1998(1):18~21
[60] 王勖成.有限单元法.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[61] Francavilla, A.,Zienkiewicz, O. C. .A Note on Numerical Computation of Elastic Contact Problem.Int. J. Num. Meth. Engng ,1975,19(3);913 ~934
[62] Okamoto, N., Nakayawa, M. .Finite Element Incremental Contact Analysis with Various Frictional Conditions.Int. J. Num. Meth. Engng ,1979,14(3);337 ~357
[63] Stadter, J. T.,Weiss, R. O. . Analysis of contact through Finite Element Gaps.Computer and Structure ,1979(6);867 ~873
[64] Chandhary,A. B., Bathe,K. J. .A Solution Method for Static and Dynamic Analysis of Three-Dimensional Contact Problems with Friction.Computer and Structure ,1986,24(6);855 ~873
[65] Lee, B. C., Kwak, B.M. .A Computational Method for Elastoplastic Contact Problem.Computer and Structure ,1984,18(5);757 ~765
[66] Wang, K. L,Cheng, H. S. .A Numerical Solution to the Dynamic Load, Film Thickness and Surface Temperature in Spur Gears.ASME J. Mech. Des. ,1981;177 ~194
[67] 栾绍信,刘巨宝,李宝彦,董振刚.Φ138 超高压釜体螺纹连接处的强度分析:石油学报,1994(2):155~160
[68] 王治国,黄子阳,刘玉文.API 圆螺纹油管接头连接性能的非线性有限元分析:宝钢技术,1998(3):30~34
[69] 李润芳,刘永成.弹性接触有限元分析应力平滑过程和混合迭代法:重庆大学学报,1987(5):18~21
[70] 李润方,朱建中.有限元分析中的最优离散化在弹性接触问题中的应用:固体力学学报,1988(4):293~304
[71] 马利.差分干涉条纹图处理和接触应力的混合求解法探索:学位论文.合肥:中国科学技术大学,2003.
[72] Jaffar, M.J. .Effect of friction on subsurface stresses in sliding line contact of multilayered elastic solids.International Journal of Solids and Structures,2000,37(12):6571 ~6575
[73] Soldatenkov, I.A. .Relaxation of the contact shearing stress in problems with sliding friction.Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2005,69(1):101 ~110
[74] Thambyah, Ashvin,Goh, James C.H., De, Shamal Das .Contact stresses in the knee joint in deep flexion.Medical Engineering and Physics,2005,27(4):329 ~335
[75] 齐效文.铁路轮轧接触应力数值分析:学位论文.秦皇岛:燕山大学,2001
[76] Bijak-Zochowski, Marek,Marek, Piotr .Development of plastic zones and residual stress in elasto-plastic contact problems with stress singularities in elastic range.International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,1996,38(2):175 ~190
[77] Man, K. W., Aliabadi, M. H., Rooke, D. P. .Stress intensity factors in the presence of contact stresses.Engineering Fracture Mechanics,1995,51(4):591 ~601
[78] 张俊杰.圆锥滚子轴承滚子与滚道接触应力分析及优化:学位论文.合肥: 合肥工业大学,2003
[79] Kotovsky, Jack . MEMS contact stress sensing : Doctoral dissertation.UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA,DAVIS,2005
[80] Briscoe, B. J. .Isolated contact stress deformations of polymers: the basis for interpreting polymer tribology.Tribology International,1998,31(1):121 ~126
[81] Gun, H. .Elasto-plastic static stress analysis of 3D contact problems with friction by using the boundary element method.Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements,2004,28(7):779 ~790
[82] Ezawa, Y., Okamoto, N..Development of contact stress analysis programs using the hybrid method of FEM and BEM.Computers & Structures,1995,57(11):691 ~698
[83] Yang, Rong-Sen, Lin, Huei-Jeng.Contact stress on polyethylene components of a new rotating hinge with a spherical contact surface.Clinical Biomechanics,2001,16(7):540 ~546
[84] Chen, W.-H., Lee, S.-S., Yeh, J.-T. .Three-dimensional contact stress analysis of a composite laminate with bolted joint.Composite Structures,1995,30(3):287 ~297
[85] Segond, D., Tafreshi, A. .Stress analysis of three-dimensional contact problems using the boundary element method.Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements,1998,22(3):199 ~214
[86] 肖田元,韩向利,张林鍹.虚拟制造内涵及其应用研究:系统仿真学报,2001(1):118~123
[87] Kazuaki Iwata,Masahiko Onosato,et al.Virtual Manufacturing Systems as Advanced Information Infrastructure for Integrating Manufacuring Resources and Activities[J],CIRP Annals,1997,46(1)
[88] 赵雯,王维平,朱一凡,胡晓峰.协同虚拟样机技术研究:系统仿真学报,2001(1):128~130
[89] 熊光楞,李伯虎,柴旭东.虚拟样机技术:系统仿真学报,2001(1):114~117
[90] 黄锴.1000m 海试采矿系统升沉补偿系统控制方法探讨及虚拟样机研究:学位论文.长沙: 中南大学,2003
[91] 肖永山.基于虚拟样机的 1000 米海试集矿系统联动动力学及建模研究:学位论文.长沙: 中南大学,2003
[92] 王刚.深海采矿系统计算机模拟:试验室研究与探索,2000(1):36 ~37
[93] 肖体兵.深海采矿升沉补偿系统非线性仿真模型的建立和试验:中国机械工程,2004(9):792 ~795
[94] B.Subudhi,A.S.Morris. Dynamic modeling,simulation and control of a manipulator with flexible links and joints.Jul,2002:257~270
[95] 黄锴.基于 ADAMS 的深海采矿装置升沉补偿系统仿真研究:计算机仿真,2003(10):57 ~59
[96] Joines J A, Barton R R, Kang K, Fishwick A, et al.A model-based approach for component simulation development . Proceedings of the 2000 Winter Simulation Conference. San Jose, CA 95119, Imagine That, Inc,2000:1831~1840
[97] Peters B A, Smith J S, Medeiros D J, Rohrer M W, et al. the Extend Simulation Environment Proceedings of the 2001 Winter Simulation Conference .San Jose, CA 95119,Imagine That,Inc,2001:217~225
[98] Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, John Vlissides. Design Patterns:Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented software .Addison Wesley Longman Inc, 1997
[99] 王颋,丁国富,张卫华, 闫开印,许明恒.基于组件的虚拟原型下的多体动力学仿真研究:系统仿真学报,2005(3):643 ~648
[100] Felippa C A, Chung J S. Nonlinear Static Analysis Ocean Mining Pipe—Part I: Modeling and Formulation. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology ,Vol.103,March 1981:11-15
[101] Chung J S, Whitney A K, Loden W A. Nonlinear Transient Motion of Deep Ocean Mining Pipe. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology,Vol.103,march 1981:2-9
[102] Chung J S, Felippa C A. Nonlinear Static Analysis Ocean Mining Pipe—Part II: Numerical Studies. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology , Vol. 103 , March 1981,:16~25
[103] 通度善彦.盛桂浓泽.深海锰结核采矿中扬矿管特性的研究. 深海采矿技术文集,中国大洋矿产资源研究开发协会,1995
[104] Chung J S,Cheng B,Z C Zheng.Application of Thrusts to Elastic Joints of Long Vertical Pipe in a 3-D Nonlinear Motion:PartI MSE and FEM Modeling.Proc. 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference,ISOPE,1997,Honolulu, Hawaii,USA
[105] Cheng B R,Chung J S.Effects of Dampers and Flexible Joints on the 3-D Nonlinear Responses of a Deep Ocean Pipe with Torsional Coupling .International Journal of Offshore and Polar Eng,ISOPE,Vol 7,No 1,1997:36~43
[106] 加纳帕斯 C,潘戴 S. 黄忠荣 译. 深海采矿提升管的非线性分析.The 21th Annanl OTC(6179),1989
[107] Chung J S,Cheng B R,Zheng Z C.Eigenvalues for a Long Vertical Deep-Ocean Pipe With Elastic Joints.Proc, Flow-Induced Vibrations Symposium ASME,Honolulu,PVP-Vol298,1995,:153~160
[108] 袁世峰,谷顺二,麻生和夫.锰结核采矿过程中杨矿管的参数激振.日本协会论文集(C 篇),1990,10,Vol.56.No.530
[109] Ian S. Fischer. Numerical analysis of displacements in spatial mechanisms with ball joints. Mechanism and Machine Theory,2000(35) :1623 ~1640
[110] (日)麻生和夫,管胜重,袁世峰.王保申 译.下端装有缓冲器的阶梯式扬矿管的动力特性——锰结核采矿用的扬矿管特性.日本矿业会志,1998(7)
[111] Chung J S, Whitney A K, Axial Stretching Oscillation of an 18,000-Ft Vertical Pipe in the Ocean, ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.105,June 1983:195~200
[112] Brink A W, Chung J S. Automatic Position Control of a 300,000-Ton Ship Ocean Mining System. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology,Vol.104,December 1982 :285~293
[113] Healey A. J., Seo Y. J. T. Dynamic Motion of Marine Pipelines on the Ocean Bottom ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol. 106, March1984:65~69
[114] Kim Y. H., Vandiver J. K., Holler R. Vortex-induced Vibration and Drag Coefficient of Long Cables Subjected to Sheared Flows. ASME Journal of Energy Resources technology,Vol. 108,March 1986:77~83
[115] [英]O.C.齐荟威茨,Y.K. 邱编著.上海交道大学有限元翻泽组泽结构和连续力学中的有限单元体法.北京:国防工业出版社,1973
[116] 凌复华 编著.非线性系统的数值研究.上海交大出版社,1998
[117] Chung J S,Olagnon M.New Research Directions in Deep-Ocean Technology Developments for Underwater Vehicles and Resources .International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering,ISOPE,Vol3,No4,1996:241~243
[118] Chung J S.Deep-Ocean Technology for Nodules and Crusts. International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering,ISOPE,Vol3,No4,1996:244~254
[119] Chung J S,Cheng B R.Three-Demensional Responses to Impact Loads on Offshore Pipeline:Torsional Coupling,Load Stept and Boundary Conditions. International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering,ISOPE,Vo6,No1,1996
[120] Chung J S,Cheng B R,H.-P.Huttelmaier. 3-D Coupled Response of a Vertical Deep-Ocean Pipe:Part I.Excitation at Pipe Ends and External Torsion. International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering,Vol 4,No4,Dec 1994:320~330
[121] Chung J S,Cheng B R,H.-P.Huttelmaier. 3-D Coupled Response of a Vertical Deep-Ocean Pipe:Part II.Excitation at Pipe Ends and External Torsion. International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering,Vol 4,No4,Dec 1994:331~339
[122] Chung J S.3-D Responses of Vertical Pipe Bottom Pin-Joined to a Horizontal Pipe to Ship Motion and Thrust on Pipe-Part II:Comparison of MSE and FEM Results(A). Proc. of the 10th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference,Seattle,USA,2000:1 ~7
[123] P.R.Babu,Suhail Ahmad. Non-Linear Dynamic Response of Ocean Mining Pipe. Proc. of the 3rd Ocean Mining Symposium,Goa,India ,1999(11):21~29
[124] Chung J S,H.-P.Huttelmaier,Cheng B R.3-D Coupled Response of Deep-Ocean Crust Mining Pipe Systems to Axial Bottom Vibration and Ship Motion. Proc. of the 4th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference,Osaka,Japan,1996(4):275~285
[125] 刘江,毛纪陵,刘北英.深海采矿扬矿管横向运动动态分析.中国工程科学,2001(11):74~78
[126] Sup Hong.3-D Dynamic Analyses of Lifting Pipe Systems in Deep Seabed Mining. Proc.of 2nd Ocean Mining Symposium,Seoul,Korea,Nov, 1997:75~81
[127] Chung J S,Tsurusaki T.Advances in Deep-Ocean Mining System Research. Proc.of 4th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference,ISOPE,Vol1, 1994,Osaka,Japan
[128] Chung J S.Deep-Ocean Cobalt-rich Crust Mining Systems Concepts.Pro.MTS-94 Conference,Marine Tech Soc,Washington,DC,1994:98~104
[129] Nordgren R P.Dynamic Analysis of Marine Risers With Vortes Excitation. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.104,March 1982:14~19
[130] 申焱华,张文明,石博强.深海采矿扬矿硬管弹性体建模分析.北京科技大学学报,2002(4):391 ~394
[131] Spanos P D , Agarwal V K.Response of a Simple Tension Leg Platform Model to Wave Forces Calculated at Displaced Position. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.106,December 1984:437~443
[132] Spanos P T D,Hansen J E.Linear Prediction Theory for Digital Simulation of Sea Waves. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.103,September 1981:243~249
[133] Abuelnaga A,Seireg A.Optimum Design and control of Self-Supported Wave Energy System. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.104,September 1982:247~256
[134] Griffin O M,Ramberg S E.Some Recent Studies of Vortex Shedding With Application to Marine Tubulars and Risers. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.102,March 1982:2~13
[135] Sparks C P.The Influence of Tention Pressure and Weight on Pipe and Riser Deformations and Stresses. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.106,March 1984:46~54
[136] 程保荣,张卫国.带柔性接头的深海立管动力特性和非线性静力响应分析.工程力学,1997(5):102 ~107
[137] Sakdirat Kaewunruen ,Julapot Chiravatchradej,Somchai Chucheepsakul.Nonlinear free vibrations of marine risers/pipes transporting fluid. Ocean Enigneering,2005(32):417 ~440
[138] Knapp R H,Chiu E Y.Tension Fatigue Model for Helically Armored Cables. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.110,March 1988:12~18
[139] Costello G A.Stresses in Multilayered Cables. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.105,September 1983:337~340
[140] Ertas A,Lee J-H.Stochastic Response of Tension Leg Platform to Wave and Current Forces. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.111,December 1989:221~230
[141] Tang D M,Llgamov M A,Dowell E H.Buckling and Post-buckling Behavior of a Pipe Subjected to Internal Pressure. ASME Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol.62,September 1995:595~600
[142] SeMler C,Paidoussis M P.Intermittency Route to Chaos of a Cantilevered Pipe Conveying Fluid With a Mass Defect at the Free End. ASME Journal of Applied Mechanics , Vol.62,December 1995:903~907
[143] Evry M J,King R,Griffin O M.Hydrodynamic Loads on Flexible Marine Structures due to Vortex Shedding. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.104,December 1981:330~336
[144] 刘鸿文 编著.材料力学.高等教育出版社,1993
[145] 庄懋年,马晓士,蒋潞 编著.工程塑性力学. 高等教育出版社,1984
[146] 仝明信,林冠发.变形和热处理对 J55 套管钢力学性能的影响:石油矿场机械,2006(2):1 ~5
[147] Stepanov, G.V. Analysis of the plastic deformation micrononuniformity effect on the strain resistance of the metal. Strength of Materials, Vol.36(5), Sept.-Oct. 2004:p 483-488
[148] Shimojo, Masayuki,Chujo, Makoto,Higo,Yakichi,Nunomura, Shigetomo.Mechanism of the two stage plastic deformation following an overload in fatigue crack growth.International Journal of Fatigue, Vol.20,May,1998:365~371
[149] Davison, L.Kinematics of finite elastoplastic deformation.Mechanics of Materials,Volume.21,July,1995:73~88
[150] Krupkowski, A,Wierzbinski, S.Theory of metal deformation during the tensile test and its verification.Bulletin de l'Academie Polonaise des Sciences. Serie des Sciences Techniques,Vol.19,Feb,1971:113~119
[151] Hung-Kuk Oh.Determination of fracture toughness by means of the uniaxial tensile test.Journal of Materials Processing Technology,Vol.54,Oct,1995:372~374
[152] 臧勇.拉伸载荷作用下套管接头的特性分析:北京科技大学学报,1997(2):6 ~8
[153] Cabezas, E.E.,Celentano, D.J. Experimental and numerical analysis of the tensile test using sheet specimens.Finite Elements in Analysis and Design,Vol.40,March 2004:555~575
[154] Sawada, K. , Abe, F., Kimura, K. Deformation behavior of high Cr ferritic steel upon abrupt stress loading.Materials Science & Engineering A (Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructure and Processing),Vol.387~389, Dec 2004:683-686
[155] Celentano, Diego J, Cabezas, Eduarde E.,Garcia, Claudio M., Monsalve, Alberto E.Characterization of the mechanical behaviour of materials in the tensile test: Experiments and simulation. Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, Vol.12,July, 2004:425~444
[156] 徐丹.流体动力相似理论在旋流器中的建模:南通工学院学报,2002(6):71 ~75
[2] 牛京考 .大洋多金属结核开发研究述评 . 中国锰业 .2002(2):20~26
[3] 中国大洋协会办公室,国家资源信息中心 .关于先驱投资者申请矿区的登记 .北京:海洋出版社,1998.
[4] 简曲 .大洋采矿集矿机的现状与展望 .矿山机械.1997(8):1~3
[5] 简曲,陈新明,王明和 .21 世纪中国的大洋多金属结核工业开采.中国矿业.1997(3):16~19
[6] 谢龙水.深海水力提升式采矿系统的研究 .中国矿业.1995(7):27~36
[7] Lou Tercier Waeber M,et al .Sea Technology.1999(5):74 ~79
[8] 肖林京.深海采矿扬矿管运动学和动力学特性研究.博士学位论文.北京:北京科技大学,2000.
[9] 吕东,何将三,刘少军 . 深海资源开采技术的研究现状 . 2004(9):6~9
[10] 冯雅丽,李浩然. 深海矿产资源开发与利用 .北京:海洋出版社,2004 :116~120
[11] 阳宁,夏建新 .国际海底资源开发技术及其发展趋势 .矿冶工程. 2000(1):1~4
[12] Bath A R . Deep sea mining technology : recent developments and future projects.OTC 5998,1989,243~250
[13] Chung J S,Cheng B R.Effects of elastic joints on the 3D nonlinear coupled responses of a deep ocean pipe:modelling and boundary conditions.Int. J. Off. Polar Engg.,1996,(6):203~211
[14] Sup Hong.3-D Dynamic Analyses of Lifting Pipe Systems in Deep Sea Bed Mining.ISOPE Ocean Mining Symposium.1997,75~81
[15] Ning Y, Minghe W.New era for China manganese nodule mining, Summary of last five years’ research activities and prospective,2nd Ocean Mining symp. .ISOPE,1997,8~11
[16] 长沙矿山研究院海洋采矿情报研究所.深海采矿提升技术的研究.1992,23~32
[17] H. Yamada,T. Yamazaki.Japan's Ocean Test of the Nodule mining System.The Proceedings of the Eighth (1998) International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference.ISOPE,1998,13~19
[18] Anthony T Jones.Trends in deep seabed mining technology.The Journal of Offshore Technology.2003(11):37~40
[19] Anil B. Valsangkar.deep-sea Polymetallic Nodule mining: Challenges Ahead for Technologists and Environmentalists.Marine georesources & geotechnology.2003(21):81~91
[20] 中国大洋协会.国际海底区域研究开发“ 十五” 课题合同(DY105-03-02-17) . 2001
[21] 冯雅丽,李浩然,张云仙. 深海采矿扬矿管横向液动力分析. 金属矿山, 1999(3):1~3
[22] 竺艳蓉. 海洋工程波浪力学. 天津大学出版社,1991:10~15
[23] 方华灿. 海洋石油钻采装备与结构.石油工业出版社,1990:89~114
[24] 凌胜,肖林京,申焱华,张文明. 深海采矿开采系统运动状态和动态特性影响因素分析研究. 中国工程科学, 2002(3):1~3
[25] 黄祥鹿,陆鑫森. 海洋工程流体力学及结构动力响应. 上海交通大学出版社,1992:28~30
[26] M.H.Kim,Z.Ran . Responses of an articulated tower in waves and currents.International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering.Vol.4, Dec,1994:298~301
[27] 李杰, 杨曙东.海水泵球铰副的结构设计及优化:液压气动,2005(5):72~74
[28] 罗建国.新型复合球铰运动副的研究设计:华北科技学院学报,2003(3):47 ~49
[29] 常研.一种球铰式连接结构:电子机械工程,2001(1):14 ~15
[30] 罗春雷.球铰式转轴密封装置研究:中南工业大学学报,2001(5):515 ~518
[31] Wu, Kung C, Melgoza, Rex.Spherical robotic shoulder joint.Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing,1997,13(2):175~194
[32] Alici, Gürsel, Shirinzadeh, Bijan.Topology optimisation and singularity analysis of a 3-SPS parallel manipulator with a passive constraining spherical joint.Mechanism and Machine Theory,2004,39(2):215~235
[33] Gil, K.H., Kim, C.G., Bak, J.S., Youn, H.S., Koo, Y.M. .Design of a 6 DOF HFM manipulator using an external spherical joint.Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment,2001,467(7):778~781
[34] Hlavácek, M. .The influence of the acetabular labrum seal, intact articular superficial zone and synovial fluid thixotropy on squeeze-film lubrication of a spherical synovial joint.Journal of Biomechanics,2002,35(10):1325~1335
[35] Gil, K.H., Bak, J.S., Chung, J.H.,Lee, K.B.,Lee, S.S., Kwon, T.H.,Youm, Y.I. .Mirror manipulator with independent adjustability using an external spherical joint .Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment,2001,470(1):122~127
[36] 李黔,冯少波.轴向载荷对套管螺纹连接应力的影响分析.西南石油学院学报,2002(2):81~83
[37] 袁光杰,林元华,姚振强,刘龙权.API 偏梯形套管螺纹连接的接触应力场研究.钢铁,2004(9):35~38
[38] 赵华.螺纹管接头的弹塑性应力分析.机械工程学报,1997(2):86~92
[39] 王琍,张汝忻,邹家祥,臧勇.API 圆螺纹套管接头应力场分布试验.北京科技大学学报,2002(12):555~558
[40] 王琍,陈兆能,佟德纯,邹家祥,臧勇.套管接头螺纹滑脱失效有限元模拟.北京科技大学学报,2001(4):137~139
[41] 张广智,裘达夫,左昭武.表面工程技术在船体长效保护中的应用.中国修船,2004
[42] 颜世文,于全虎.钢质海船的腐蚀原因与防护.江苏船舶,2003
[43] 胡士信.管道阴极保护技术现状与展望.腐蚀与防护,2004
[44] John Beavers.腐蚀机理与腐蚀防护.全面腐蚀控制,2004
[45] 王朝晖,李旭光.管道阴极保护的探讨.管道技术与设备,2004(01)
[46] 刘胜.地下长输管道外加电流阴极保护的电化学过程分析.连云港化工高等专科学校学报,2002(04)
[47] 付治深.钢质海船的腐蚀与阴极保护.船海工程,2004(04)
[48] 胡伶俐.一种用于阴极保护的新装置.管道技术与设备,2000(03)
[49] 庄新国,孟宪级,梁旭巍.阴极保护系统设计方法的发展和现状.中国港湾建设,1996(06)
[50] 郭琦龙,辜志俊,苏方腾.海底管道的防腐蚀. 腐蚀与防护,1996(05):195~203
[51] 范建宏.浅谈给水钢管内外壁的防腐.科技情报开发与经济,2005(22):255~256
[52] 王琍,陈兆能,张汝忻.API 圆螺纹套管接头螺纹脂密封性能分析:上海交通大学学报,2001(7):1053~1056
[53] American Petroleum Institute APISTD 5B specification for threading,casing,and thread inspection of casing,tubing,and line pipe threads.14th ed.USA: USA.API 1996
[54] American Petroleum Institute APISPEC 5CT specification for casing,and tubing.16th ed.USA: USA.API 1998
[55] 李玉柱,苑明顺.流体力学.北京:机械工业出版社,1998.125~180
[56] 李润芳,龚剑霞.接触问题数值方法及其在机械设计中的应用.重庆:重庆大学出版社,1991
[57] 凌道胜,徐兴.非线性有限元及程序.杭州:浙江大学出版社,2004
[58] 丁皓江,何福保,谢贻权.弹性和塑性力学中的有限单元法.北京:机械工业出版社,1989
[59] 欧恒安,龚剑霞.三维弹性接触问题有限元改进混合法及数值计算:重庆大学学报,1998(1):18~21
[60] 王勖成.有限单元法.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[61] Francavilla, A.,Zienkiewicz, O. C. .A Note on Numerical Computation of Elastic Contact Problem.Int. J. Num. Meth. Engng ,1975,19(3);913 ~934
[62] Okamoto, N., Nakayawa, M. .Finite Element Incremental Contact Analysis with Various Frictional Conditions.Int. J. Num. Meth. Engng ,1979,14(3);337 ~357
[63] Stadter, J. T.,Weiss, R. O. . Analysis of contact through Finite Element Gaps.Computer and Structure ,1979(6);867 ~873
[64] Chandhary,A. B., Bathe,K. J. .A Solution Method for Static and Dynamic Analysis of Three-Dimensional Contact Problems with Friction.Computer and Structure ,1986,24(6);855 ~873
[65] Lee, B. C., Kwak, B.M. .A Computational Method for Elastoplastic Contact Problem.Computer and Structure ,1984,18(5);757 ~765
[66] Wang, K. L,Cheng, H. S. .A Numerical Solution to the Dynamic Load, Film Thickness and Surface Temperature in Spur Gears.ASME J. Mech. Des. ,1981;177 ~194
[67] 栾绍信,刘巨宝,李宝彦,董振刚.Φ138 超高压釜体螺纹连接处的强度分析:石油学报,1994(2):155~160
[68] 王治国,黄子阳,刘玉文.API 圆螺纹油管接头连接性能的非线性有限元分析:宝钢技术,1998(3):30~34
[69] 李润芳,刘永成.弹性接触有限元分析应力平滑过程和混合迭代法:重庆大学学报,1987(5):18~21
[70] 李润方,朱建中.有限元分析中的最优离散化在弹性接触问题中的应用:固体力学学报,1988(4):293~304
[71] 马利.差分干涉条纹图处理和接触应力的混合求解法探索:学位论文.合肥:中国科学技术大学,2003.
[72] Jaffar, M.J. .Effect of friction on subsurface stresses in sliding line contact of multilayered elastic solids.International Journal of Solids and Structures,2000,37(12):6571 ~6575
[73] Soldatenkov, I.A. .Relaxation of the contact shearing stress in problems with sliding friction.Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2005,69(1):101 ~110
[74] Thambyah, Ashvin,Goh, James C.H., De, Shamal Das .Contact stresses in the knee joint in deep flexion.Medical Engineering and Physics,2005,27(4):329 ~335
[75] 齐效文.铁路轮轧接触应力数值分析:学位论文.秦皇岛:燕山大学,2001
[76] Bijak-Zochowski, Marek,Marek, Piotr .Development of plastic zones and residual stress in elasto-plastic contact problems with stress singularities in elastic range.International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,1996,38(2):175 ~190
[77] Man, K. W., Aliabadi, M. H., Rooke, D. P. .Stress intensity factors in the presence of contact stresses.Engineering Fracture Mechanics,1995,51(4):591 ~601
[78] 张俊杰.圆锥滚子轴承滚子与滚道接触应力分析及优化:学位论文.合肥: 合肥工业大学,2003
[79] Kotovsky, Jack . MEMS contact stress sensing : Doctoral dissertation.UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA,DAVIS,2005
[80] Briscoe, B. J. .Isolated contact stress deformations of polymers: the basis for interpreting polymer tribology.Tribology International,1998,31(1):121 ~126
[81] Gun, H. .Elasto-plastic static stress analysis of 3D contact problems with friction by using the boundary element method.Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements,2004,28(7):779 ~790
[82] Ezawa, Y., Okamoto, N..Development of contact stress analysis programs using the hybrid method of FEM and BEM.Computers & Structures,1995,57(11):691 ~698
[83] Yang, Rong-Sen, Lin, Huei-Jeng.Contact stress on polyethylene components of a new rotating hinge with a spherical contact surface.Clinical Biomechanics,2001,16(7):540 ~546
[84] Chen, W.-H., Lee, S.-S., Yeh, J.-T. .Three-dimensional contact stress analysis of a composite laminate with bolted joint.Composite Structures,1995,30(3):287 ~297
[85] Segond, D., Tafreshi, A. .Stress analysis of three-dimensional contact problems using the boundary element method.Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements,1998,22(3):199 ~214
[86] 肖田元,韩向利,张林鍹.虚拟制造内涵及其应用研究:系统仿真学报,2001(1):118~123
[87] Kazuaki Iwata,Masahiko Onosato,et al.Virtual Manufacturing Systems as Advanced Information Infrastructure for Integrating Manufacuring Resources and Activities[J],CIRP Annals,1997,46(1)
[88] 赵雯,王维平,朱一凡,胡晓峰.协同虚拟样机技术研究:系统仿真学报,2001(1):128~130
[89] 熊光楞,李伯虎,柴旭东.虚拟样机技术:系统仿真学报,2001(1):114~117
[90] 黄锴.1000m 海试采矿系统升沉补偿系统控制方法探讨及虚拟样机研究:学位论文.长沙: 中南大学,2003
[91] 肖永山.基于虚拟样机的 1000 米海试集矿系统联动动力学及建模研究:学位论文.长沙: 中南大学,2003
[92] 王刚.深海采矿系统计算机模拟:试验室研究与探索,2000(1):36 ~37
[93] 肖体兵.深海采矿升沉补偿系统非线性仿真模型的建立和试验:中国机械工程,2004(9):792 ~795
[94] B.Subudhi,A.S.Morris. Dynamic modeling,simulation and control of a manipulator with flexible links and joints.Jul,2002:257~270
[95] 黄锴.基于 ADAMS 的深海采矿装置升沉补偿系统仿真研究:计算机仿真,2003(10):57 ~59
[96] Joines J A, Barton R R, Kang K, Fishwick A, et al.A model-based approach for component simulation development . Proceedings of the 2000 Winter Simulation Conference. San Jose, CA 95119, Imagine That, Inc,2000:1831~1840
[97] Peters B A, Smith J S, Medeiros D J, Rohrer M W, et al. the Extend Simulation Environment Proceedings of the 2001 Winter Simulation Conference .San Jose, CA 95119,Imagine That,Inc,2001:217~225
[98] Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, John Vlissides. Design Patterns:Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented software .Addison Wesley Longman Inc, 1997
[99] 王颋,丁国富,张卫华, 闫开印,许明恒.基于组件的虚拟原型下的多体动力学仿真研究:系统仿真学报,2005(3):643 ~648
[100] Felippa C A, Chung J S. Nonlinear Static Analysis Ocean Mining Pipe—Part I: Modeling and Formulation. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology ,Vol.103,March 1981:11-15
[101] Chung J S, Whitney A K, Loden W A. Nonlinear Transient Motion of Deep Ocean Mining Pipe. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology,Vol.103,march 1981:2-9
[102] Chung J S, Felippa C A. Nonlinear Static Analysis Ocean Mining Pipe—Part II: Numerical Studies. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology , Vol. 103 , March 1981,:16~25
[103] 通度善彦.盛桂浓泽.深海锰结核采矿中扬矿管特性的研究. 深海采矿技术文集,中国大洋矿产资源研究开发协会,1995
[104] Chung J S,Cheng B,Z C Zheng.Application of Thrusts to Elastic Joints of Long Vertical Pipe in a 3-D Nonlinear Motion:PartI MSE and FEM Modeling.Proc. 7th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference,ISOPE,1997,Honolulu, Hawaii,USA
[105] Cheng B R,Chung J S.Effects of Dampers and Flexible Joints on the 3-D Nonlinear Responses of a Deep Ocean Pipe with Torsional Coupling .International Journal of Offshore and Polar Eng,ISOPE,Vol 7,No 1,1997:36~43
[106] 加纳帕斯 C,潘戴 S. 黄忠荣 译. 深海采矿提升管的非线性分析.The 21th Annanl OTC(6179),1989
[107] Chung J S,Cheng B R,Zheng Z C.Eigenvalues for a Long Vertical Deep-Ocean Pipe With Elastic Joints.Proc, Flow-Induced Vibrations Symposium ASME,Honolulu,PVP-Vol298,1995,:153~160
[108] 袁世峰,谷顺二,麻生和夫.锰结核采矿过程中杨矿管的参数激振.日本协会论文集(C 篇),1990,10,Vol.56.No.530
[109] Ian S. Fischer. Numerical analysis of displacements in spatial mechanisms with ball joints. Mechanism and Machine Theory,2000(35) :1623 ~1640
[110] (日)麻生和夫,管胜重,袁世峰.王保申 译.下端装有缓冲器的阶梯式扬矿管的动力特性——锰结核采矿用的扬矿管特性.日本矿业会志,1998(7)
[111] Chung J S, Whitney A K, Axial Stretching Oscillation of an 18,000-Ft Vertical Pipe in the Ocean, ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.105,June 1983:195~200
[112] Brink A W, Chung J S. Automatic Position Control of a 300,000-Ton Ship Ocean Mining System. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology,Vol.104,December 1982 :285~293
[113] Healey A. J., Seo Y. J. T. Dynamic Motion of Marine Pipelines on the Ocean Bottom ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol. 106, March1984:65~69
[114] Kim Y. H., Vandiver J. K., Holler R. Vortex-induced Vibration and Drag Coefficient of Long Cables Subjected to Sheared Flows. ASME Journal of Energy Resources technology,Vol. 108,March 1986:77~83
[115] [英]O.C.齐荟威茨,Y.K. 邱编著.上海交道大学有限元翻泽组泽结构和连续力学中的有限单元体法.北京:国防工业出版社,1973
[116] 凌复华 编著.非线性系统的数值研究.上海交大出版社,1998
[117] Chung J S,Olagnon M.New Research Directions in Deep-Ocean Technology Developments for Underwater Vehicles and Resources .International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering,ISOPE,Vol3,No4,1996:241~243
[118] Chung J S.Deep-Ocean Technology for Nodules and Crusts. International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering,ISOPE,Vol3,No4,1996:244~254
[119] Chung J S,Cheng B R.Three-Demensional Responses to Impact Loads on Offshore Pipeline:Torsional Coupling,Load Stept and Boundary Conditions. International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering,ISOPE,Vo6,No1,1996
[120] Chung J S,Cheng B R,H.-P.Huttelmaier. 3-D Coupled Response of a Vertical Deep-Ocean Pipe:Part I.Excitation at Pipe Ends and External Torsion. International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering,Vol 4,No4,Dec 1994:320~330
[121] Chung J S,Cheng B R,H.-P.Huttelmaier. 3-D Coupled Response of a Vertical Deep-Ocean Pipe:Part II.Excitation at Pipe Ends and External Torsion. International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering,Vol 4,No4,Dec 1994:331~339
[122] Chung J S.3-D Responses of Vertical Pipe Bottom Pin-Joined to a Horizontal Pipe to Ship Motion and Thrust on Pipe-Part II:Comparison of MSE and FEM Results(A). Proc. of the 10th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference,Seattle,USA,2000:1 ~7
[123] P.R.Babu,Suhail Ahmad. Non-Linear Dynamic Response of Ocean Mining Pipe. Proc. of the 3rd Ocean Mining Symposium,Goa,India ,1999(11):21~29
[124] Chung J S,H.-P.Huttelmaier,Cheng B R.3-D Coupled Response of Deep-Ocean Crust Mining Pipe Systems to Axial Bottom Vibration and Ship Motion. Proc. of the 4th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference,Osaka,Japan,1996(4):275~285
[125] 刘江,毛纪陵,刘北英.深海采矿扬矿管横向运动动态分析.中国工程科学,2001(11):74~78
[126] Sup Hong.3-D Dynamic Analyses of Lifting Pipe Systems in Deep Seabed Mining. Proc.of 2nd Ocean Mining Symposium,Seoul,Korea,Nov, 1997:75~81
[127] Chung J S,Tsurusaki T.Advances in Deep-Ocean Mining System Research. Proc.of 4th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference,ISOPE,Vol1, 1994,Osaka,Japan
[128] Chung J S.Deep-Ocean Cobalt-rich Crust Mining Systems Concepts.Pro.MTS-94 Conference,Marine Tech Soc,Washington,DC,1994:98~104
[129] Nordgren R P.Dynamic Analysis of Marine Risers With Vortes Excitation. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.104,March 1982:14~19
[130] 申焱华,张文明,石博强.深海采矿扬矿硬管弹性体建模分析.北京科技大学学报,2002(4):391 ~394
[131] Spanos P D , Agarwal V K.Response of a Simple Tension Leg Platform Model to Wave Forces Calculated at Displaced Position. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.106,December 1984:437~443
[132] Spanos P T D,Hansen J E.Linear Prediction Theory for Digital Simulation of Sea Waves. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.103,September 1981:243~249
[133] Abuelnaga A,Seireg A.Optimum Design and control of Self-Supported Wave Energy System. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.104,September 1982:247~256
[134] Griffin O M,Ramberg S E.Some Recent Studies of Vortex Shedding With Application to Marine Tubulars and Risers. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.102,March 1982:2~13
[135] Sparks C P.The Influence of Tention Pressure and Weight on Pipe and Riser Deformations and Stresses. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.106,March 1984:46~54
[136] 程保荣,张卫国.带柔性接头的深海立管动力特性和非线性静力响应分析.工程力学,1997(5):102 ~107
[137] Sakdirat Kaewunruen ,Julapot Chiravatchradej,Somchai Chucheepsakul.Nonlinear free vibrations of marine risers/pipes transporting fluid. Ocean Enigneering,2005(32):417 ~440
[138] Knapp R H,Chiu E Y.Tension Fatigue Model for Helically Armored Cables. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.110,March 1988:12~18
[139] Costello G A.Stresses in Multilayered Cables. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.105,September 1983:337~340
[140] Ertas A,Lee J-H.Stochastic Response of Tension Leg Platform to Wave and Current Forces. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.111,December 1989:221~230
[141] Tang D M,Llgamov M A,Dowell E H.Buckling and Post-buckling Behavior of a Pipe Subjected to Internal Pressure. ASME Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol.62,September 1995:595~600
[142] SeMler C,Paidoussis M P.Intermittency Route to Chaos of a Cantilevered Pipe Conveying Fluid With a Mass Defect at the Free End. ASME Journal of Applied Mechanics , Vol.62,December 1995:903~907
[143] Evry M J,King R,Griffin O M.Hydrodynamic Loads on Flexible Marine Structures due to Vortex Shedding. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol.104,December 1981:330~336
[144] 刘鸿文 编著.材料力学.高等教育出版社,1993
[145] 庄懋年,马晓士,蒋潞 编著.工程塑性力学. 高等教育出版社,1984
[146] 仝明信,林冠发.变形和热处理对 J55 套管钢力学性能的影响:石油矿场机械,2006(2):1 ~5
[147] Stepanov, G.V. Analysis of the plastic deformation micrononuniformity effect on the strain resistance of the metal. Strength of Materials, Vol.36(5), Sept.-Oct. 2004:p 483-488
[148] Shimojo, Masayuki,Chujo, Makoto,Higo,Yakichi,Nunomura, Shigetomo.Mechanism of the two stage plastic deformation following an overload in fatigue crack growth.International Journal of Fatigue, Vol.20,May,1998:365~371
[149] Davison, L.Kinematics of finite elastoplastic deformation.Mechanics of Materials,Volume.21,July,1995:73~88
[150] Krupkowski, A,Wierzbinski, S.Theory of metal deformation during the tensile test and its verification.Bulletin de l'Academie Polonaise des Sciences. Serie des Sciences Techniques,Vol.19,Feb,1971:113~119
[151] Hung-Kuk Oh.Determination of fracture toughness by means of the uniaxial tensile test.Journal of Materials Processing Technology,Vol.54,Oct,1995:372~374
[152] 臧勇.拉伸载荷作用下套管接头的特性分析:北京科技大学学报,1997(2):6 ~8
[153] Cabezas, E.E.,Celentano, D.J. Experimental and numerical analysis of the tensile test using sheet specimens.Finite Elements in Analysis and Design,Vol.40,March 2004:555~575
[154] Sawada, K. , Abe, F., Kimura, K. Deformation behavior of high Cr ferritic steel upon abrupt stress loading.Materials Science & Engineering A (Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructure and Processing),Vol.387~389, Dec 2004:683-686
[155] Celentano, Diego J, Cabezas, Eduarde E.,Garcia, Claudio M., Monsalve, Alberto E.Characterization of the mechanical behaviour of materials in the tensile test: Experiments and simulation. Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, Vol.12,July, 2004:425~444
[156] 徐丹.流体动力相似理论在旋流器中的建模:南通工学院学报,2002(6):71 ~75