城市生活垃圾渗滤液生物强化预处理研究
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摘要
城市生活垃圾渗滤液的处理己成为国内外热点的研究课题。由于垃圾渗滤液水质的复杂多变性,目前尚无十分完善的处理工艺,寻求高效经济的处理工艺尤为迫切。改良型接触氧化法工艺是一种新型垃圾渗滤液处理工艺,其技术核心是在厌氧池与接触氧化池之间增加了一个加强型水解酸化池作为后续好氧工艺的强化预处理单元。
本论文结合重庆市黑石子垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理工艺,以测试其运行状况为研究的基本资料,对强化预处理单元运行特性参数,影响因素以及存在的问题进行了深入的探讨和试验分析,同时结合实验数据对单元去除有机物,氨氮,总磷的机理进行了初步研究。试验研究主要从以下几方面展开:1)研究强化预处理单元常规运行状况。2)实验研究加强型水解酸化池特性参数,确定较佳的运行工况。3)对强化预处理运行效能影响因素及机理进行初步的分析研究。4)研究低温下预处理单元的运行工况。5)研究强化预处理单元实际运行过程中的问题及其对策。
通过以上试验研究发现:①该单元在常温条件下对COD,NH_3-N,TP,BOD_5的去除率分别达到了70%,80%,53%,66%。出水可生化性平均可达0.35。进水的pH值在7.6-8.4之间,出水维持在7.0以上。进水色度在250-300倍之间,出水则相对稳定在200倍左右。预处理单元对重金属元素有一定的去除能力但去除率不高。②低的DO环境下,营养物质降解的高效段较短,而DO越高,其相应的高效段较长。工艺DO范围为0.4mg/L-0.8mg/L。单元运行最佳的HRT时间在22h-26h。常温下当溶解氧处于0.75 mg/L,单元停留时间为22-26h,回流量10-15%时,系统运行状态较佳。低温条件下,当溶解氧处于1.5mg/L,单元停留时间为22-26h,回流量15%时,系统运行状态较佳。③温度对处理效果的影响,主要体现在12℃-8℃阶段,此条件下单元运行效能下降。单元有机物,氮磷去除的影响因素主要有温度,pH值,污泥负荷,C/N,C/P,内碳源等。系统存在一定量的COD“丢失”和N“丢失”。运用灰色理论判断影响单元运行效能的主要因素是NH_3-N及COD的容积负荷.④低温条件下,预曝气较水解酸化具有更优的效能。⑤强化预处理单元运行的过程中有可能存在泡沫,污泥膨胀上浮,进水营养物质配比不合理等问题,通过调整回流量和曝气量可有所改善。
Landfill leachate treatment has become a hot research topic. Because water quality of leachate is complex, now there has no perfect process, to Seek economic efficiency of the leachate treatment process is important.
Second stage biological contact oxidation is a new technics of Landfill leachate treatment. The core technologies is intensified pretreatment.
This paper do a depth discussions and analysis to pretreatment unit’s operating parameters,influencing factors and the problems. At the same time,it research the theory for Removaling of pollutants in this unit by Experimental data. From the pilot study was conducted in the following:1)The Operation of intensified pretreatment unit. Comparison of ,in normal temperature and low temperature,the differences in the effectiveness of unit operations.2)From experiment and study ,it get the enhanced pool of acid hydrolysis’s parameters, Better determine the operating conditions.3)it analyse the pretreatment unit’s operating parameters,influencing factors.4) Study it in the course of the actual operation Problems and Solutions.
Through the study above it find that:①In normal temperature, COD, NH_3-N, TP, BOD_5 removal rate reached 70%,80%, 53%,66%..In low temperature, Removal rate has decreased,but it still meet the design requirements. BOD5/COD Can achieve a level of 0.35. The pH value between 7.6-8.4, The pH value of Effluent water is above 7.0. Landfill leachate’s chroma is between 250-300 times. The Effluent water’s chroma is 200 times. pretreatment unit has a certain heavy metals removal capacity,but But relatively low.②In low DO environment, the high efficient Stage of degradation of nutrients was shorter, and the higher the DO, the longer the high efficient Stage.The DO’s range is 0.4mg/L-0.8mg/L.The best HRT is 22h-26h. In normal temperature, when DO is 0.75 mg/L,HRT is 22-26h, back flow is 10%-15%, System running best. In low temperature, when DO is 1.5 mg/L,HRT is 22-26h, back flow is 15%, System running best.③Effect of temperature on the impact of treatment is Mainly in the 12℃-8℃. Under these conditions the unit operating performance is decrease. The main factors Impact of the treatment effect is temperature, pH, sludge load, the C / N, C / P, the carbon and so on. There is a certain amount of loss N and COD in system. COD burthen and NH3-N burthen are main factors to the unit’s operation.④Pre-aeration to hydrolysis-acidification has the good performance in winter.⑤The intensified pretreatment has Problems, such as Bubble,sludge expansion, Nutrition ratio is unreasonable, Indicators decline in winter.But it can be Improved through adjust back flow and aeration aeration volume.
本论文结合重庆市黑石子垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理工艺,以测试其运行状况为研究的基本资料,对强化预处理单元运行特性参数,影响因素以及存在的问题进行了深入的探讨和试验分析,同时结合实验数据对单元去除有机物,氨氮,总磷的机理进行了初步研究。试验研究主要从以下几方面展开:1)研究强化预处理单元常规运行状况。2)实验研究加强型水解酸化池特性参数,确定较佳的运行工况。3)对强化预处理运行效能影响因素及机理进行初步的分析研究。4)研究低温下预处理单元的运行工况。5)研究强化预处理单元实际运行过程中的问题及其对策。
通过以上试验研究发现:①该单元在常温条件下对COD,NH_3-N,TP,BOD_5的去除率分别达到了70%,80%,53%,66%。出水可生化性平均可达0.35。进水的pH值在7.6-8.4之间,出水维持在7.0以上。进水色度在250-300倍之间,出水则相对稳定在200倍左右。预处理单元对重金属元素有一定的去除能力但去除率不高。②低的DO环境下,营养物质降解的高效段较短,而DO越高,其相应的高效段较长。工艺DO范围为0.4mg/L-0.8mg/L。单元运行最佳的HRT时间在22h-26h。常温下当溶解氧处于0.75 mg/L,单元停留时间为22-26h,回流量10-15%时,系统运行状态较佳。低温条件下,当溶解氧处于1.5mg/L,单元停留时间为22-26h,回流量15%时,系统运行状态较佳。③温度对处理效果的影响,主要体现在12℃-8℃阶段,此条件下单元运行效能下降。单元有机物,氮磷去除的影响因素主要有温度,pH值,污泥负荷,C/N,C/P,内碳源等。系统存在一定量的COD“丢失”和N“丢失”。运用灰色理论判断影响单元运行效能的主要因素是NH_3-N及COD的容积负荷.④低温条件下,预曝气较水解酸化具有更优的效能。⑤强化预处理单元运行的过程中有可能存在泡沫,污泥膨胀上浮,进水营养物质配比不合理等问题,通过调整回流量和曝气量可有所改善。
Landfill leachate treatment has become a hot research topic. Because water quality of leachate is complex, now there has no perfect process, to Seek economic efficiency of the leachate treatment process is important.
Second stage biological contact oxidation is a new technics of Landfill leachate treatment. The core technologies is intensified pretreatment.
This paper do a depth discussions and analysis to pretreatment unit’s operating parameters,influencing factors and the problems. At the same time,it research the theory for Removaling of pollutants in this unit by Experimental data. From the pilot study was conducted in the following:1)The Operation of intensified pretreatment unit. Comparison of ,in normal temperature and low temperature,the differences in the effectiveness of unit operations.2)From experiment and study ,it get the enhanced pool of acid hydrolysis’s parameters, Better determine the operating conditions.3)it analyse the pretreatment unit’s operating parameters,influencing factors.4) Study it in the course of the actual operation Problems and Solutions.
Through the study above it find that:①In normal temperature, COD, NH_3-N, TP, BOD_5 removal rate reached 70%,80%, 53%,66%..In low temperature, Removal rate has decreased,but it still meet the design requirements. BOD5/COD Can achieve a level of 0.35. The pH value between 7.6-8.4, The pH value of Effluent water is above 7.0. Landfill leachate’s chroma is between 250-300 times. The Effluent water’s chroma is 200 times. pretreatment unit has a certain heavy metals removal capacity,but But relatively low.②In low DO environment, the high efficient Stage of degradation of nutrients was shorter, and the higher the DO, the longer the high efficient Stage.The DO’s range is 0.4mg/L-0.8mg/L.The best HRT is 22h-26h. In normal temperature, when DO is 0.75 mg/L,HRT is 22-26h, back flow is 10%-15%, System running best. In low temperature, when DO is 1.5 mg/L,HRT is 22-26h, back flow is 15%, System running best.③Effect of temperature on the impact of treatment is Mainly in the 12℃-8℃. Under these conditions the unit operating performance is decrease. The main factors Impact of the treatment effect is temperature, pH, sludge load, the C / N, C / P, the carbon and so on. There is a certain amount of loss N and COD in system. COD burthen and NH3-N burthen are main factors to the unit’s operation.④Pre-aeration to hydrolysis-acidification has the good performance in winter.⑤The intensified pretreatment has Problems, such as Bubble,sludge expansion, Nutrition ratio is unreasonable, Indicators decline in winter.But it can be Improved through adjust back flow and aeration aeration volume.
引文
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