相干场成像技术研究
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摘要
相干场成像技术是一种利用相干场与被测目标相互调制，从返回的接收信号中提取被测目标空间频谱信息和运动参数信息进行计算探测的技术。该技术可主要应用于空间目标的识别与遥测等领域。本文较全面的介绍了相干场成像技术。依次从理论、影响分析、设计三个方面对相干场成像技术进行讨论，并提出了从相干场成像系统接收信号中提取目标运动速度矢量的方法。本文的主要研究内容包括：
1.介绍了相干场成像与测速技术研究的背景和意义，总结了相干场成像技术国内外研究发展概况。
2.结合相干场成像技术原理介绍了相干场成像过程与数据处理方法，对成像原理的物理实质与处理方法的特点进行了进一步分析与讨论。
3.介绍了相干场成像系统组成，分别总结了发射系统和接收系统主要参数设计原则与工程实现方法。设计了一组具体的相干场成像系统参数进行成像仿真，仿真结果对技术原理与数据处理方法进行验证。
4.分析影响实际相干场成像系统成像性能的主要因素。按照影响作用机理进行分类，分别分析与仿真各类因素对系统成像的影响程度。为了抑制移频误差对成像的影响，提出一种基于离散频谱校正的改进信号解调算法。
5.设计并搭建一套室内实验系统，开展成像实验验证相干场成像技术原理与数据处理方法。
6.提出从相干场成像探测信号中获取目标速度矢量的方法。进行相干场测速技术的原理与误差分析，介绍了速度提取算法并进行测速仿真研究。利用改进的相干场探测实验系统进行测速精度实验研究。
理论和实验研究的结果表明，相干场成像技术通过良好的系统设计研制和采用一些影响因素抑制方法，可以实现对远距离暗弱目标进行高分辨率计算成像。利用相干场探测系统还可以从探测信号中提取目标运动信息，实现对远距离目标高精度测速。说明了相干场成像技术有着巨大的发展潜力与广阔的应用前景。
The coherent field imaging technology is a computational detection approachthat uses coherent fields demodulated by measured target. Space frequencyspectrums and motion parameters of the target can be extracted from the back signals.The technology can be mainly used in the field of space target identification andtelemetry. In this paper, a comprehensive introduction to the coherent field imagingtechnology is given. A method of extracting target velocity vector from the receivedsignal of the coherent field imaging system is proposed.
This work makes the following contributions to coherent field imagingtechnology:
Firstly, the background and significances of coherent field imaging technologyresearch is introduced. The State-of-the-art is summarized.
Secondly, the coherent field imaging process and data processing method areexplained combined with the principle of the technique. The physical essence of theimaging principle is further discussed. The characteristics of the data processing areanalyzed.
Thirdly, the constitution of coherent imaging system is introduced. Thetransmitter and receiver parameter design principles and engineering realizationmethods are summarized respectively. A set of simulation system is designed toverify the technology principles and data processing methods by imaging simulation.
Fourthly, the main factors that affect the coherent field imaging systemperformance are analyzed. According to the mode of action, the factors are classifiedand imaging effects are simulated. In order to suppress the frequency shift error, wepropose an improved signal demodulation algorithm based on the discrete spectrumcorrection.
Fifthly, a laboratory experiment system is designed and built on which theprinciple of coherent field imaging technology and data processing methods are verified by imaging experiments.
Lastly, a method of velocity extraction from detected signal of coherentimaging system is proposed. The error analysis is given. The velocity extractionalgorithm is introduced, and a velocity measurement experiment is simulated by themethod. The accuracy of the measuring technology is experimentally studied on animproved coherent field detection experiment system.
Theoretical and experimental results of the study show that the coherent fieldimaging technology can highly-resolution image a distance and faint target withproper system design and some effect suppression methods. The coherent fielddetection system can also extract the target motion information from the detectedsignal. The technology can be used on high-precision velocity measurement of along range target. Coherent field imaging technology has great developmentpotential and application prospects.
1.介绍了相干场成像与测速技术研究的背景和意义，总结了相干场成像技术国内外研究发展概况。
2.结合相干场成像技术原理介绍了相干场成像过程与数据处理方法，对成像原理的物理实质与处理方法的特点进行了进一步分析与讨论。
3.介绍了相干场成像系统组成，分别总结了发射系统和接收系统主要参数设计原则与工程实现方法。设计了一组具体的相干场成像系统参数进行成像仿真，仿真结果对技术原理与数据处理方法进行验证。
4.分析影响实际相干场成像系统成像性能的主要因素。按照影响作用机理进行分类，分别分析与仿真各类因素对系统成像的影响程度。为了抑制移频误差对成像的影响，提出一种基于离散频谱校正的改进信号解调算法。
5.设计并搭建一套室内实验系统，开展成像实验验证相干场成像技术原理与数据处理方法。
6.提出从相干场成像探测信号中获取目标速度矢量的方法。进行相干场测速技术的原理与误差分析，介绍了速度提取算法并进行测速仿真研究。利用改进的相干场探测实验系统进行测速精度实验研究。
理论和实验研究的结果表明，相干场成像技术通过良好的系统设计研制和采用一些影响因素抑制方法，可以实现对远距离暗弱目标进行高分辨率计算成像。利用相干场探测系统还可以从探测信号中提取目标运动信息，实现对远距离目标高精度测速。说明了相干场成像技术有着巨大的发展潜力与广阔的应用前景。
The coherent field imaging technology is a computational detection approachthat uses coherent fields demodulated by measured target. Space frequencyspectrums and motion parameters of the target can be extracted from the back signals.The technology can be mainly used in the field of space target identification andtelemetry. In this paper, a comprehensive introduction to the coherent field imagingtechnology is given. A method of extracting target velocity vector from the receivedsignal of the coherent field imaging system is proposed.
This work makes the following contributions to coherent field imagingtechnology:
Firstly, the background and significances of coherent field imaging technologyresearch is introduced. The State-of-the-art is summarized.
Secondly, the coherent field imaging process and data processing method areexplained combined with the principle of the technique. The physical essence of theimaging principle is further discussed. The characteristics of the data processing areanalyzed.
Thirdly, the constitution of coherent imaging system is introduced. Thetransmitter and receiver parameter design principles and engineering realizationmethods are summarized respectively. A set of simulation system is designed toverify the technology principles and data processing methods by imaging simulation.
Fourthly, the main factors that affect the coherent field imaging systemperformance are analyzed. According to the mode of action, the factors are classifiedand imaging effects are simulated. In order to suppress the frequency shift error, wepropose an improved signal demodulation algorithm based on the discrete spectrumcorrection.
Fifthly, a laboratory experiment system is designed and built on which theprinciple of coherent field imaging technology and data processing methods are verified by imaging experiments.
Lastly, a method of velocity extraction from detected signal of coherentimaging system is proposed. The error analysis is given. The velocity extractionalgorithm is introduced, and a velocity measurement experiment is simulated by themethod. The accuracy of the measuring technology is experimentally studied on animproved coherent field detection experiment system.
Theoretical and experimental results of the study show that the coherent fieldimaging technology can highly-resolution image a distance and faint target withproper system design and some effect suppression methods. The coherent fielddetection system can also extract the target motion information from the detectedsignal. The technology can be used on high-precision velocity measurement of along range target. Coherent field imaging technology has great developmentpotential and application prospects.
引文
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