视频图象压缩技术在机车视频监控系统中的应用与研究
摘要
随着我国铁路事业的快速发展,现有的机车运行安全监控设备已经无法满足机车司机和铁路管理部门的需求。为了帮助机车司机更加安全的驾驶,避免重大事故的发生,研究设计了一套机车视频监控系统。该系统能够帮助司机更好的驾驶机车,使其在驾驶室内就能掌握整个机车的运行状况,甚至在设备出现异常时能够发出警报,降低其工作强度,使其能够更加安全的操控机车。同时,该系统还可以为地面管理部门提供机车运行数据的实时监控,对机车司机的工作状态进行实时的监控和全程的记录,提高他们对机车运行安全的监管能力。为适合对多路视频信号的存储和无线传输,需要对车上各摄像头获取的视频信号进行压缩。
本文详细论述了以TMS320VC6711DSP为核心的MPEG-4视频压缩的硬件组成和软件实现,着重叙述了MPEG-4压缩算法在DSP里的实现。主要工作内容如下:
分析了MPEG-4视频压缩编码的特点及基于VOP视频编码的一些关键技术:形状信息编码,运动信息编码和纹理信息编码;给出了系统硬件的实现框图,设计出与DSP的接口电路:晶振电路,JTAG电路,电源电路和复位电路;介绍了编码算法在DSP里的实现过程,DSP的启动,MPEG-4算法的仿真;实现了视频监控在列车上的应用,对监控系统的总体结构设计进行了说明。
用MPEG-4实现视频压缩处理方法,己成功地应用于机车视频监控系统中。我们正在将相关技术进一步改进,可以预见,这种技术将具有广泛的应用前景。
With the rapid development of the railway in China, the existing monitoring equipment is incapable of meeting demand of the railway locomotive drivers and management department. Designed a set of locomotive video monitor system to help the locomotive drivers driving safe, avoid the occurrence of serious accidents. The system can help drivers driving locomotive better and mastering the entire operation of the locomotive in the interior, even it can alarm when the equipment is abnormal, reduce its work intensity, and make them focus on the locomotive in front of the J-line Situation and operate the locomotive safer. Meanwhile, the system can also provide ground management with real-time monitoring data of the locomotive running, conduct real-time monitoring and full records of the entire process to the locomotive drivers working state, and enhance their monitoring capacity of safe operation on the locomotive. Compress the camera's video signal on board for the storage of multi-channel video signal and wireless transmission.
This paper introduced hardware composition and the software realization of MPEG-4 video compression based on the core of TMS320VC6711DSP,especially emphasized on the implementation of MPEG-4 compression algorithm .The main work are the following points.
Analyzed the advantage of MPEG-4 video compression encoding and crucial technology of videocompression encoding based on VOP,including sharp information encode,move information encode and texture information encode; Draw framework of system hardware. Introduced the theory of video collection chip SAA7111; Designed the interface circuit with DSP, crystal circuit, JTAG circuit, Power circuit and Reset circuit. Stressed on the implementation procedure of encoding algorithm in DSP, initialization of DSP,the simulation of MPEG-4.Implemented the application of video monitor in train, introduce the whole structure design of the monitor system.
Implemented the video compress procession by MPEG-4,and utilized in the railway locomotive video monitor successfully.We are improving the related technology ,it 's predictable that this technology will have promising future.
本文详细论述了以TMS320VC6711DSP为核心的MPEG-4视频压缩的硬件组成和软件实现,着重叙述了MPEG-4压缩算法在DSP里的实现。主要工作内容如下:
分析了MPEG-4视频压缩编码的特点及基于VOP视频编码的一些关键技术:形状信息编码,运动信息编码和纹理信息编码;给出了系统硬件的实现框图,设计出与DSP的接口电路:晶振电路,JTAG电路,电源电路和复位电路;介绍了编码算法在DSP里的实现过程,DSP的启动,MPEG-4算法的仿真;实现了视频监控在列车上的应用,对监控系统的总体结构设计进行了说明。
用MPEG-4实现视频压缩处理方法,己成功地应用于机车视频监控系统中。我们正在将相关技术进一步改进,可以预见,这种技术将具有广泛的应用前景。
With the rapid development of the railway in China, the existing monitoring equipment is incapable of meeting demand of the railway locomotive drivers and management department. Designed a set of locomotive video monitor system to help the locomotive drivers driving safe, avoid the occurrence of serious accidents. The system can help drivers driving locomotive better and mastering the entire operation of the locomotive in the interior, even it can alarm when the equipment is abnormal, reduce its work intensity, and make them focus on the locomotive in front of the J-line Situation and operate the locomotive safer. Meanwhile, the system can also provide ground management with real-time monitoring data of the locomotive running, conduct real-time monitoring and full records of the entire process to the locomotive drivers working state, and enhance their monitoring capacity of safe operation on the locomotive. Compress the camera's video signal on board for the storage of multi-channel video signal and wireless transmission.
This paper introduced hardware composition and the software realization of MPEG-4 video compression based on the core of TMS320VC6711DSP,especially emphasized on the implementation of MPEG-4 compression algorithm .The main work are the following points.
Analyzed the advantage of MPEG-4 video compression encoding and crucial technology of videocompression encoding based on VOP,including sharp information encode,move information encode and texture information encode; Draw framework of system hardware. Introduced the theory of video collection chip SAA7111; Designed the interface circuit with DSP, crystal circuit, JTAG circuit, Power circuit and Reset circuit. Stressed on the implementation procedure of encoding algorithm in DSP, initialization of DSP,the simulation of MPEG-4.Implemented the application of video monitor in train, introduce the whole structure design of the monitor system.
Implemented the video compress procession by MPEG-4,and utilized in the railway locomotive video monitor successfully.We are improving the related technology ,it 's predictable that this technology will have promising future.
引文
[1]江振国.在MPEG-4系统中资料流管理与物件描述架构的设计与实现.电信网技术,2005年11月,第11期:1-6
[2]徐婷婷,黄昶,丁俊民.基于SOPC的MPEG4视频解码器的设计方案.有线电视技术,2005年第10期:32-35
[3]I.E.Richardson,H.264 and MPEG-4 Video Compression.Wiley,2004
[4]ISO/IEC 14496-10 and ITU-T Rec.H.264,Advanced video coding,2003
[5]Pierre Moulin,Joseph A.O'Sullivan.Information-theoretic analysis of information hiding.IEEE Transactions on information theory,2003,49(3)
[6]吴四清,张国平,葛镜.MPEG-4视频编码核心思想与关键技术.通信理论与信号处理新进展—2005年通信理论与信号处理年会论文集,2005年:776-780
[7]王川.MPEG编码国际标准技术的特点及应用.中国数据通信,2003年11期:93-97
[8]张良胜,蒋建中,陈金阳,郭军利.MPEG视频加密算法浅析.电信网技术,2004年11期:10-14
[9]AtulPuria,Xuemin Chen,Ajay Luthra.Video Coding Using The H.264/AVC Compression Standard.Signal Proeessing:Image Communication,2004
[10]张飞碧.MPEG数字视音频压缩编码原理及应用.北京:人民邮电出版社,1988
[11]Thom as Sikora,The Structure of MPEG-4 Video Coding Algorithm,Image Processing Department,Heinrich Hertz Institute Berlin,November 11,1997
[12]严家怡,朱立,赵慧民.MPEG-4流媒体技术及其实现方法.信息网络,2005年7月,第3期:27-30
[13]周长军,廖建明.嵌入式MPEG-4网络视频流媒体服务器的设计与实现.北京邮电大学学报,2005年2月:70-74
[14]樊昌信,张圃翊,徐炳祥,吴成柯.通信原理.国防工业出版社,2001
[15]徐燕,李勇.H.263压缩编码算法的研究及其DSP实现.广东通信技术,2005年8月:75-79
[16]M.Barni.et al.Watermarking of MPEG-4 Video Objects.IEEE Transactions on Multimedia,Vol.7,No.1,Feb.2005:23-32
[17]齐美彬.基于DSP的视频图象压缩系统的研究.北京:电子工业出版社,2005年4月
[18]于巍波.基于DSP的图像压缩系统的硬件设计与实现.电信科学,2005年第8期:68-69
[19]Y.Sikora.The MPEG-4 video standard verification model.IEEE Yranssctions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology,Vol.7,No.1,Fre.1997:19-31
[20]王风琴.基于视频压缩标准H.264关键技术的研究.光通信研究,2005年第5期:38-40
[21]林耀荣,闵锐,韦岗.基于图象内容的视频压缩方法.高速视频信号的光纤传输系统设计.电子技术应用,2004年第4期
[22]Chiou-Ting Hsu et al.DCY-Based Watermarking for Video.IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics,Vol.44,No.1,Feb.1998:206-216
[23]张郑擎.基于小波变换的图象—视频压缩编码及其数字水印嵌入方法的研究.高速数字光纤传输系统研究.电子科技大学学报,2000,29(4):361-364
[24]黄文芝.视频图像压缩编码标准及实现的算法研究.数字视音频光纤传输系统的实现.光通信技术,No.5,Vol.26
[25]郑大伟,韩焱.视频压缩系统设计研究.新闻节目长距离传送的技术解决方法.有线电视技术,2003年第3期
[26]刘富强,卢赤班.数字视频监控系统及其应用.移动通信,2004,(S3)
[27]崔孟荣.图象监控技术的研究与应用.内蒙古广播与电视技术,2003年第4期
[28]薛文通,宋建社,袁礼海,沈涛.图象压缩技术的现状与发展.东南大学学报(自然科学版),2000
[29]刘青峰,郑明君,谢基龙等.无线数据传输技术在列车安全监控系统中的应[J].中国安全科学学报,2003,13(4):71-73
[30]徐爱群,项占琴.行车安全监控系统的研究[J].红外技术,2003,25(1):93-95
[31]徐晟,胡波.采用自适应码流分配的高性能3D_SPIHT实时视频压缩算法.无压缩多路数字视频光纤传输系统的研制.光子学报,2005年1月,第34卷第1期
[32]余松煜,张文军,孙军。现代图像信息压缩技术[M]科学出版社,1998
[33]刘春英,吴德华.浅析视频压缩国际标准.电子技术应用,2003年第1期
[34]袁冰,刘辉.新一代视频压缩标准H.264的研究和应用.光电技术应用,2005年8月:71-72
[35]Lavagetto,Fabio;Cwinga,Sergio.Object-oriented scene modeling for interpersonal video communication at very low bit-rate Signal Processing:Image Communication
[36]Rui F.Oliveira,Kay Korner,Jens R.Poschadel,Ingo Schlupp.Using video playbacks to study visual communication in a marine fish,Salaria pavo Animal behaviour
[37]Wilma M.C.M.Caris-Verhallen,Ada Kerkstra.Effects of video interaction analysis training on nurse-patient communication in the care of the elderly Patient education and counseling:43-48
[38] Yasuhiro Tomita, Tsukasa Kimura. A study on reduction of reference frame memory for the"NEWPRED"error-resilientvideocommunicationsystem Electronicsv& Communications in Japan, Part I: Communications
[39] Matoba, Naoto; Kondo, Yasushi. Real-time video transmission technology over mobile communication environment
[40] Naoto MATOBA,Yasushi KONDO. A Novel Error Control Algorithm for Reducing Transmission Delay in Real-Time Mobile Video Communication Ieice Transactions On Communications: 79-82
[41] Wang, Yao; Zhu, Qin-Fan. Error control and concealment for video communication: Areview Proceedings of the IEEE
[2]徐婷婷,黄昶,丁俊民.基于SOPC的MPEG4视频解码器的设计方案.有线电视技术,2005年第10期:32-35
[3]I.E.Richardson,H.264 and MPEG-4 Video Compression.Wiley,2004
[4]ISO/IEC 14496-10 and ITU-T Rec.H.264,Advanced video coding,2003
[5]Pierre Moulin,Joseph A.O'Sullivan.Information-theoretic analysis of information hiding.IEEE Transactions on information theory,2003,49(3)
[6]吴四清,张国平,葛镜.MPEG-4视频编码核心思想与关键技术.通信理论与信号处理新进展—2005年通信理论与信号处理年会论文集,2005年:776-780
[7]王川.MPEG编码国际标准技术的特点及应用.中国数据通信,2003年11期:93-97
[8]张良胜,蒋建中,陈金阳,郭军利.MPEG视频加密算法浅析.电信网技术,2004年11期:10-14
[9]AtulPuria,Xuemin Chen,Ajay Luthra.Video Coding Using The H.264/AVC Compression Standard.Signal Proeessing:Image Communication,2004
[10]张飞碧.MPEG数字视音频压缩编码原理及应用.北京:人民邮电出版社,1988
[11]Thom as Sikora,The Structure of MPEG-4 Video Coding Algorithm,Image Processing Department,Heinrich Hertz Institute Berlin,November 11,1997
[12]严家怡,朱立,赵慧民.MPEG-4流媒体技术及其实现方法.信息网络,2005年7月,第3期:27-30
[13]周长军,廖建明.嵌入式MPEG-4网络视频流媒体服务器的设计与实现.北京邮电大学学报,2005年2月:70-74
[14]樊昌信,张圃翊,徐炳祥,吴成柯.通信原理.国防工业出版社,2001
[15]徐燕,李勇.H.263压缩编码算法的研究及其DSP实现.广东通信技术,2005年8月:75-79
[16]M.Barni.et al.Watermarking of MPEG-4 Video Objects.IEEE Transactions on Multimedia,Vol.7,No.1,Feb.2005:23-32
[17]齐美彬.基于DSP的视频图象压缩系统的研究.北京:电子工业出版社,2005年4月
[18]于巍波.基于DSP的图像压缩系统的硬件设计与实现.电信科学,2005年第8期:68-69
[19]Y.Sikora.The MPEG-4 video standard verification model.IEEE Yranssctions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology,Vol.7,No.1,Fre.1997:19-31
[20]王风琴.基于视频压缩标准H.264关键技术的研究.光通信研究,2005年第5期:38-40
[21]林耀荣,闵锐,韦岗.基于图象内容的视频压缩方法.高速视频信号的光纤传输系统设计.电子技术应用,2004年第4期
[22]Chiou-Ting Hsu et al.DCY-Based Watermarking for Video.IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics,Vol.44,No.1,Feb.1998:206-216
[23]张郑擎.基于小波变换的图象—视频压缩编码及其数字水印嵌入方法的研究.高速数字光纤传输系统研究.电子科技大学学报,2000,29(4):361-364
[24]黄文芝.视频图像压缩编码标准及实现的算法研究.数字视音频光纤传输系统的实现.光通信技术,No.5,Vol.26
[25]郑大伟,韩焱.视频压缩系统设计研究.新闻节目长距离传送的技术解决方法.有线电视技术,2003年第3期
[26]刘富强,卢赤班.数字视频监控系统及其应用.移动通信,2004,(S3)
[27]崔孟荣.图象监控技术的研究与应用.内蒙古广播与电视技术,2003年第4期
[28]薛文通,宋建社,袁礼海,沈涛.图象压缩技术的现状与发展.东南大学学报(自然科学版),2000
[29]刘青峰,郑明君,谢基龙等.无线数据传输技术在列车安全监控系统中的应[J].中国安全科学学报,2003,13(4):71-73
[30]徐爱群,项占琴.行车安全监控系统的研究[J].红外技术,2003,25(1):93-95
[31]徐晟,胡波.采用自适应码流分配的高性能3D_SPIHT实时视频压缩算法.无压缩多路数字视频光纤传输系统的研制.光子学报,2005年1月,第34卷第1期
[32]余松煜,张文军,孙军。现代图像信息压缩技术[M]科学出版社,1998
[33]刘春英,吴德华.浅析视频压缩国际标准.电子技术应用,2003年第1期
[34]袁冰,刘辉.新一代视频压缩标准H.264的研究和应用.光电技术应用,2005年8月:71-72
[35]Lavagetto,Fabio;Cwinga,Sergio.Object-oriented scene modeling for interpersonal video communication at very low bit-rate Signal Processing:Image Communication
[36]Rui F.Oliveira,Kay Korner,Jens R.Poschadel,Ingo Schlupp.Using video playbacks to study visual communication in a marine fish,Salaria pavo Animal behaviour
[37]Wilma M.C.M.Caris-Verhallen,Ada Kerkstra.Effects of video interaction analysis training on nurse-patient communication in the care of the elderly Patient education and counseling:43-48
[38] Yasuhiro Tomita, Tsukasa Kimura. A study on reduction of reference frame memory for the"NEWPRED"error-resilientvideocommunicationsystem Electronicsv& Communications in Japan, Part I: Communications
[39] Matoba, Naoto; Kondo, Yasushi. Real-time video transmission technology over mobile communication environment
[40] Naoto MATOBA,Yasushi KONDO. A Novel Error Control Algorithm for Reducing Transmission Delay in Real-Time Mobile Video Communication Ieice Transactions On Communications: 79-82
[41] Wang, Yao; Zhu, Qin-Fan. Error control and concealment for video communication: Areview Proceedings of the IEEE