青岛市高校大学生肺结核知识、态度、行为的调查
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摘要
目的了解青岛市高校大学生肺结核知识、态度、行为的现状,并分析其影响因素,为高校结核病健康教育提供客观依据。
方法便利抽取青岛市三所高校大学生1070名作为调查对象,应用自行编制的大学生肺结核知-信-行问卷进行调查。问卷内容包括一般资料、肺结核知识、态度和行为。采用spss17.0对数据进行统计学分析。
结果(1)大学生肺结核知识方面平均得分为(4.09±1.59)分,总知晓率为68.2%,单一知识知晓率为53.7%～85.5%,对治疗机构的知识知晓率最高(85.5%),对免费政策知晓率最低(53.7%)。(2)大学生肺结核态度方面平均得分为(43.96±4.03)分,态度持有率为54.6%～96.5%。(3)大学生关于肺结核的行为方面平均得分为(4.20±0.99)分,行为持有率为65.1%～94.5%,主动获取和传播肺结核知识的行为持有率较低(77.9%、65.1%)。(4)专业不同、父母文化程度不同、家庭经济水平不同、接受过结核病健康教育与否的大学生肺结核知-信-行总得分结果的差异均有统计学意义(F=17.72,H=7.33～15.97,t=3.66,P<0.05),性别不同、生源地不同的大学生肺结核知-信-行总得分结果的差异均无统计学意义(Z=0.84、1.55,P>0.05)。经非条件logistic回归分析,相对于医学专业学生,文科和理科专业学生问卷总得分较低；相对于接受过结核病健康教育的大学生,未接受过结核病健康教育的大学生问卷总得分较低。
结论大学生对肺结核的认知还不全面,还需要加强宣传肺结核基本知识,尤其是对免费政策的宣传；态度方面总体较好,但还存在社会歧视,有待改善；在肺结核行为方面还存在一定不足,不仅需要对大学生已有的健康行为进行强化,还需要鼓励学生主动传播肺结核知识。人口学资料不同的大学生肺结核知-信-行水平存在着一定差异,需要对大学生有针对性的进行结核病健康教育,最终达到预防结核病在高校中暴发的目的。
Objective To investigate the knowledge attitude and practice about pulmonary tuberculosis among university students in Qingdao and analyze the influence factors about it, in order to provide an objective evidence for tuberculosis health education to university students.
Methods1070university students in Qingdao were investigated by convenient sampling with a self-designed questionnaire. The questionnaire content included general data, knowledge,attitude and practice about pulmonary tuberculosis. The data was analyzed by SPSS17.0.
Results (1) The average score of knowledge was4.09±1.59, total awareness rate of pulmonary tuberculosis knowledge was68.2%, the awareness rate of single tuberculosis knowledge was53.7-85.5%, the awareness rate of the treatment agency was the highest(85.5%), and the awareness rate of the free police was the lowest(53.7%).(2) The average score of attitude was43.96±4.03, and the attitude holding rate was54.6-96.5%.(3) The average score of behavior was4.20±0.99, and the behavior holding rate was65.1-94.5%, the behavior holding rate of getting and disseminating the tuberculosis knowledge were low (77.9%and65.1%).(4) There was significant difference of the total score among groups in different majors, education level of parents, family economy, tuberculosis health education (F=17.72, H=7.33-15.97,t=3.66,P<0.05).There was no significant difference of the total score among groups of different gender and birth places (Z=0.84,1.55,P>0.05).By non-conditional logistic regression analysis, the total score of liberal art and science students was lower than it of medical students and the score of students who had not received tuberculosis health education was lower than the score of students who had received tuberculosis health education.
Conclusion Students awareness of pulmonary tuberculosis was not comprehensive, it needs the health education, especially to disseminate the knowledge of the free police of pulmonary tuberculosis.The attitude was better, but there was still social discrimination to the pulmonary tuberculosis and it should be improved.There was a certain lack in the aspect of the behavior and it needs to strengthen the healthy behavior and it also needs to encourage the students to take the initiative to spread the tuberculosis knowledge. There were some differences in knowledge attitude and practice level among the students. It needs to strengthen tuberculosis health education targetedly in order to achieve the purpose of prevent the outbreak of tuberculosis in university ultimately.
方法便利抽取青岛市三所高校大学生1070名作为调查对象,应用自行编制的大学生肺结核知-信-行问卷进行调查。问卷内容包括一般资料、肺结核知识、态度和行为。采用spss17.0对数据进行统计学分析。
结果(1)大学生肺结核知识方面平均得分为(4.09±1.59)分,总知晓率为68.2%,单一知识知晓率为53.7%～85.5%,对治疗机构的知识知晓率最高(85.5%),对免费政策知晓率最低(53.7%)。(2)大学生肺结核态度方面平均得分为(43.96±4.03)分,态度持有率为54.6%～96.5%。(3)大学生关于肺结核的行为方面平均得分为(4.20±0.99)分,行为持有率为65.1%～94.5%,主动获取和传播肺结核知识的行为持有率较低(77.9%、65.1%)。(4)专业不同、父母文化程度不同、家庭经济水平不同、接受过结核病健康教育与否的大学生肺结核知-信-行总得分结果的差异均有统计学意义(F=17.72,H=7.33～15.97,t=3.66,P<0.05),性别不同、生源地不同的大学生肺结核知-信-行总得分结果的差异均无统计学意义(Z=0.84、1.55,P>0.05)。经非条件logistic回归分析,相对于医学专业学生,文科和理科专业学生问卷总得分较低；相对于接受过结核病健康教育的大学生,未接受过结核病健康教育的大学生问卷总得分较低。
结论大学生对肺结核的认知还不全面,还需要加强宣传肺结核基本知识,尤其是对免费政策的宣传；态度方面总体较好,但还存在社会歧视,有待改善；在肺结核行为方面还存在一定不足,不仅需要对大学生已有的健康行为进行强化,还需要鼓励学生主动传播肺结核知识。人口学资料不同的大学生肺结核知-信-行水平存在着一定差异,需要对大学生有针对性的进行结核病健康教育,最终达到预防结核病在高校中暴发的目的。
Objective To investigate the knowledge attitude and practice about pulmonary tuberculosis among university students in Qingdao and analyze the influence factors about it, in order to provide an objective evidence for tuberculosis health education to university students.
Methods1070university students in Qingdao were investigated by convenient sampling with a self-designed questionnaire. The questionnaire content included general data, knowledge,attitude and practice about pulmonary tuberculosis. The data was analyzed by SPSS17.0.
Results (1) The average score of knowledge was4.09±1.59, total awareness rate of pulmonary tuberculosis knowledge was68.2%, the awareness rate of single tuberculosis knowledge was53.7-85.5%, the awareness rate of the treatment agency was the highest(85.5%), and the awareness rate of the free police was the lowest(53.7%).(2) The average score of attitude was43.96±4.03, and the attitude holding rate was54.6-96.5%.(3) The average score of behavior was4.20±0.99, and the behavior holding rate was65.1-94.5%, the behavior holding rate of getting and disseminating the tuberculosis knowledge were low (77.9%and65.1%).(4) There was significant difference of the total score among groups in different majors, education level of parents, family economy, tuberculosis health education (F=17.72, H=7.33-15.97,t=3.66,P<0.05).There was no significant difference of the total score among groups of different gender and birth places (Z=0.84,1.55,P>0.05).By non-conditional logistic regression analysis, the total score of liberal art and science students was lower than it of medical students and the score of students who had not received tuberculosis health education was lower than the score of students who had received tuberculosis health education.
Conclusion Students awareness of pulmonary tuberculosis was not comprehensive, it needs the health education, especially to disseminate the knowledge of the free police of pulmonary tuberculosis.The attitude was better, but there was still social discrimination to the pulmonary tuberculosis and it should be improved.There was a certain lack in the aspect of the behavior and it needs to strengthen the healthy behavior and it also needs to encourage the students to take the initiative to spread the tuberculosis knowledge. There were some differences in knowledge attitude and practice level among the students. It needs to strengthen tuberculosis health education targetedly in order to achieve the purpose of prevent the outbreak of tuberculosis in university ultimately.
引文
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