赤泥脱硫剂净化低浓度硫化氢废气的试验研究
摘要
本课题研究了利用氧化铝厂赤泥制备脱硫剂，净化低浓度硫化氢(H_2S)废气。该脱硫剂净化效率高，制备工艺简单，能耗少，而且再生方法简单易行，并且可以回收单质硫，具有一定的经济效益。
本研究对赤泥制备脱硫剂，净化低浓度硫化氢(H_2S)废气进行了较全面的实验室研究和机理研究，主要成果包括：(1)以氧化铝厂赤泥为原料，筛选添加剂，并优化各制备工艺参数，制得性能最佳的脱硫剂，制备的最佳配方为：赤泥占80％、分散剂SM-9占10％、活性助剂RC1和ROH均占5％。最佳制备工艺为：以赤泥附液作润滑剂，挤条机挤条成型，焙烧温度为350℃，焙烧时间为4小时。(2)赤泥脱硫剂性能指标如下：比表面积为206.96m~／g，总孔容为0.31cm~3／g，平均孔径为37A；正压强度为7N／cm~2，侧压强度为33N／cm~2。(3)H_2S的入口浓度、空间速度、脱硫温度、原料气中的氧含量及相对湿度、赤泥脱硫剂的含水量和粒径大小等因素对脱硫性能有重要影响，高浓度H_2S、低空速、常温、原料气被水饱和、氧含量＞0.5％、小粒径且含水量在10～15％之间的脱硫剂有利于提高脱硫性能。(4)由脱硫过程动力学研究表明，赤泥脱硫剂脱硫反应为一级不可逆反应，常温且有水分条件下，极限脱硫精度可达0.477×10~(-3)～6.36X10~(-3)ppm，脱硫速度正比于固相氧化铁的含量。(5)再生时，空气流量0.2～0.7l／min，再生温度控制在65～90℃之间时，再生效果较好，且又不至生成SO_2，减少了大气污染。(6)赤泥脱硫剂可将黄磷尾气中H_2S浓度脱除至2ppm以下，多次吸附后硫容逐渐下降，累积硫容可达42.5％。
以上研究成果，不但为含硫废气提供了较好的净化技术，而且也为日益严峻的工业固体废物的处理开辟了一条新途径。
In this study, the adsorbents prepared by red mud from aluminum industry were conducted to purify the waste gas contained hydrogen sulfide with the low concentration. The desulfurization process was featured with high purification efficiency, simple preparation method, and low energy consumption, ease to regenerate and recover the elementary sulfur. Also, the available adsorbents were suited to control H2S pollution.
In this paper, the completed experimental investigation on the preparation of red mud adsorbents and the purification of the waste gas contained low concentration hydrogen sulfide were studied, and the research results achieved included: ( 1) The main component of the adsorbents were red mud from aluminum industrial waste, which contained 80% red mud, the dispersion agent-SM-9 at 10% of the main component weight and two of activated agents-RC1 and ROH both at 5% of the main component weight. The red mud wastewater from aluminum industry was used as the wetting agent for the mixture. Granules were made of the mixture by extruding that were subjected to thermal treatment under the appropriate temperature of 350 for 4 hour as the right calcification time, then the adsorbents were prepared. (2 ) The character index of red mud adsorbents were as following: the surface areas of 206.96m2/g, the total pore volume of 0.31 cm3/g, the average pore diameter of 3 7A, the perpendicular intensity of 7 N/cm2, and the side
intensity of 3 3 N/cm2 . (3) From the experimental results, it could be concluded that a significant effect was posed by the original concentration of hydrogen sulfide, volume velocity, desulphuration temperature, oxygen content and relative humidity of original gas, the diameter and water content of adsorbent. The use of high concentration H2S, low volume velocity, normal temperature, original gas contained more than o.5% oxygen and completely saturated by water, and smaller adsorbents with 10~ 15% water content was advantageous to the improvement of purification efficiency. (4) Through the study of desulphuration dynamics, the desulphuration reaction was one order and irreversible reaction. Under the conditions of normal temperature, at the presence of water, the limited desulphurated concentration could be obtained 0.477 10-3~6.36 10-3ppm, and the desulphuration velocity was directly proportional to the content of iron sesquioxide in the solid phase. (5) In the process of regeneration, the excellent re
generation efficiency was obtained by adjusting the air flow between 0.2
1/min and 0.7 1/min, the regeneration temperature at the range of 65 and 90 , then sulfur
dioxide(SO2) could not be produced, which was not emerged air pollution. ( 6 ) The prepared red mud adsorbents were further applied in purifying the yellow phosphorus tail gas, and the H2S concentration in the tail gas was decreased to less than 2ppm. After the several alternative adsorption and desulphuration, the total H2S adsorption capacity of red mud adsorbents was achieved to 42.5 % .
Undoubtedly, the achievements above were critical to purify the waste gas contained low concentration hydrogen sulfide , but also this technology was developed in order to comprehensively apply the industrial solid waste, which could attain the goal of environmental protection.
本研究对赤泥制备脱硫剂，净化低浓度硫化氢(H_2S)废气进行了较全面的实验室研究和机理研究，主要成果包括：(1)以氧化铝厂赤泥为原料，筛选添加剂，并优化各制备工艺参数，制得性能最佳的脱硫剂，制备的最佳配方为：赤泥占80％、分散剂SM-9占10％、活性助剂RC1和ROH均占5％。最佳制备工艺为：以赤泥附液作润滑剂，挤条机挤条成型，焙烧温度为350℃，焙烧时间为4小时。(2)赤泥脱硫剂性能指标如下：比表面积为206.96m~／g，总孔容为0.31cm~3／g，平均孔径为37A；正压强度为7N／cm~2，侧压强度为33N／cm~2。(3)H_2S的入口浓度、空间速度、脱硫温度、原料气中的氧含量及相对湿度、赤泥脱硫剂的含水量和粒径大小等因素对脱硫性能有重要影响，高浓度H_2S、低空速、常温、原料气被水饱和、氧含量＞0.5％、小粒径且含水量在10～15％之间的脱硫剂有利于提高脱硫性能。(4)由脱硫过程动力学研究表明，赤泥脱硫剂脱硫反应为一级不可逆反应，常温且有水分条件下，极限脱硫精度可达0.477×10~(-3)～6.36X10~(-3)ppm，脱硫速度正比于固相氧化铁的含量。(5)再生时，空气流量0.2～0.7l／min，再生温度控制在65～90℃之间时，再生效果较好，且又不至生成SO_2，减少了大气污染。(6)赤泥脱硫剂可将黄磷尾气中H_2S浓度脱除至2ppm以下，多次吸附后硫容逐渐下降，累积硫容可达42.5％。
以上研究成果，不但为含硫废气提供了较好的净化技术，而且也为日益严峻的工业固体废物的处理开辟了一条新途径。
In this study, the adsorbents prepared by red mud from aluminum industry were conducted to purify the waste gas contained hydrogen sulfide with the low concentration. The desulfurization process was featured with high purification efficiency, simple preparation method, and low energy consumption, ease to regenerate and recover the elementary sulfur. Also, the available adsorbents were suited to control H2S pollution.
In this paper, the completed experimental investigation on the preparation of red mud adsorbents and the purification of the waste gas contained low concentration hydrogen sulfide were studied, and the research results achieved included: ( 1) The main component of the adsorbents were red mud from aluminum industrial waste, which contained 80% red mud, the dispersion agent-SM-9 at 10% of the main component weight and two of activated agents-RC1 and ROH both at 5% of the main component weight. The red mud wastewater from aluminum industry was used as the wetting agent for the mixture. Granules were made of the mixture by extruding that were subjected to thermal treatment under the appropriate temperature of 350 for 4 hour as the right calcification time, then the adsorbents were prepared. (2 ) The character index of red mud adsorbents were as following: the surface areas of 206.96m2/g, the total pore volume of 0.31 cm3/g, the average pore diameter of 3 7A, the perpendicular intensity of 7 N/cm2, and the side
intensity of 3 3 N/cm2 . (3) From the experimental results, it could be concluded that a significant effect was posed by the original concentration of hydrogen sulfide, volume velocity, desulphuration temperature, oxygen content and relative humidity of original gas, the diameter and water content of adsorbent. The use of high concentration H2S, low volume velocity, normal temperature, original gas contained more than o.5% oxygen and completely saturated by water, and smaller adsorbents with 10~ 15% water content was advantageous to the improvement of purification efficiency. (4) Through the study of desulphuration dynamics, the desulphuration reaction was one order and irreversible reaction. Under the conditions of normal temperature, at the presence of water, the limited desulphurated concentration could be obtained 0.477 10-3~6.36 10-3ppm, and the desulphuration velocity was directly proportional to the content of iron sesquioxide in the solid phase. (5) In the process of regeneration, the excellent re
generation efficiency was obtained by adjusting the air flow between 0.2
1/min and 0.7 1/min, the regeneration temperature at the range of 65 and 90 , then sulfur
dioxide(SO2) could not be produced, which was not emerged air pollution. ( 6 ) The prepared red mud adsorbents were further applied in purifying the yellow phosphorus tail gas, and the H2S concentration in the tail gas was decreased to less than 2ppm. After the several alternative adsorption and desulphuration, the total H2S adsorption capacity of red mud adsorbents was achieved to 42.5 % .
Undoubtedly, the achievements above were critical to purify the waste gas contained low concentration hydrogen sulfide , but also this technology was developed in order to comprehensively apply the industrial solid waste, which could attain the goal of environmental protection.
引文
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