老挝水电站项目和谐移民研究
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摘要
移民安置作为水电站项目建设的必然产物并引发了越来越严重的政治、经济、社会、环境和宗教文化问题,成为制约水电站项目建设的重要因素之一,所以引起了各国政府、环境保护护者、社会学家及其他学术界等的非常重视,同时随着老挝政府的发展工业促进经济社会全面发展政策的实施。因此,有科学的针对性对老挝水电站项目和谐移民安置研究就显得十分重要,这不仅关系到移民是否能搬得出去,安置是否能安地稳,移民能否逐步摆脱贫困走上致富之路,而且直接关系到水电站建设的成败。目前,国内外对水电站项目建设移民安置研究的目标大部分都集中在于：(1)移民安置评估；(2)对生态环境影响评价；(3)经济社会评价几大类问题。他们的研究方法大部分是应用传统的理论与一些统计计算方法,并没有用到数学模型来预测、没有用数学作为工具来量化衡量其研究的效果。为此,本论文以项目管理与持续创新发展的角度作为出发点,为实现水电站项目建设与和谐移民对策研究为目标,运用到目标导向项目规划、数学模型和指标体系,对水电站项目建设与和谐移民的研究,同时研究分别为以下几个部分：
(1)以和谐移民为目标,即为了实现移民搬迁能搬得出去、安置能安的稳、恢复移民的生产生活水平达到或超过搬迁前水平、尽快摆脱贫困、走上致富之路,同时当地的生态环境也得到合理的保护和利用；
(2)建立三个系统指标体系,如：经济指标体系、社会指标体系和环境指标体系,来衡量该水电站项目建设的和谐移民目的；
(3)定性研究、即将应用到目标导向项目规划的方法,对各具体问题进行规划、分析以及解决问题的逻辑思路；
(4)定量研究、即将应用到一些数学方法,例如：微分方程,灰色模型等的数学模型知识对的移民进度监测、恢复生产生活和环境等问题进行量化对策研究。
本文的创新之处有三点,即：(1)移民的生产、生活目标；(2)目标导向项目规划在水电站项目建设问题分析中的运用；(3)数学模型和指标体系的建立。将这三点结合在一起构成一个系统地分析解决问题的思路,来对水电站项目建设和谐移民安置的具体规划、分析、计算、预测、研究和提出相应的对策措施等。
本论文是以老挝Nam Theun 2 Hydroelectric项目为例,其研究的内容包括：(1)研究移民搬迁进度及有关问题的分析、解决方法；(2)研究恢复移民的生产生活水平和其相关问题的政策、规划、落实建设等；(3)研究移民的社会服务体系和相关的问题进行规划、解决方案措施等；(4)研究Nakai水库资源的可持续发展,其中包括该水库捕鱼的规划与管理和水库水污染物的监测治理等；(5)研究移民安置周边地区的森林与陆地野生动物和其相关的气候等的规划管理措施；(6)财政投入与对策措施。从而本论文共分为八章。
Resettlement as hydroelectric project construction and triggered the inevitable outcome of the increasingly serious political, economic, social, environmental, and religious cultural problems, and constrains hydroelectric project construction is one of the important factors, so around governments, environmental protection armor bearer, sociologists and other academic etc, at the same time as the attaches great importance to the development of the Lao government industrial promote economic and social development policy implementation. Therefore, have scientific pertinence of Laos hydroelectric project harmonious resettlement research becomes very important, which is not only related to immigration whether can lift out, find a place for to whether can Ann instability immigrants can gradually get rid of poverty on path to riches, and directly related to the success or failure of the hydropower station. At present, the domestic and foreign for hydroelectric project construction resettlement the research target of mostly focuses on:(1) the resettlement evaluation, (2) for the assessment of ecological environmental impact, (3) social and economic evaluation a few kinds big problems. Their research methods most is the application of the traditional theory and some statistical method, and didn't use mathematical model to predict, use mathematics as a tool to quantitative measure its research results. Therefore, this thesis with project management and innovating development point of view as a starting point for the realization of hydroelectric project construction and harmonious immigration countermeasures study as the goal, to apply to the objective (goal) oriented project planning, mathematic model and index system for hydroelectric project construction and harmonious immigrants, and did research study separately for the following several parts:
(1) in the harmonious immigrants as the goal, namely, in order to realize the migration can lift out, settlement can Ann's Steady, restore immigration production and living standard reach or exceed before we moved level, as soon as possible put out of poverty Trapped, the way to wealth, while on the local ecological environment has also been reasonable protection and utilization.
(2) establish three system index system, such as:economic index system, social index system and environmental indicator System, to measure the hydropower project construction harmonious immigration purposes.
(3) qualitative study, is applied to objective (goal) oriented project planning methods, to each specific problem Plan, analyze and solve the problem of logic thinking.
(4) quantitative study, is applied to some mathematical methods, such as:differential equation, grey model, etc,The mathematical model of knowledge of immigrants progress monitoring, resumption of production life and environment issues Quantitative countermeasures study.
The innovation of this thesis places that have three, namely:(1)the resettlers production and life goals, (2) objective (goal) oriented project planning in hydroelectric project construction problem analysis of applications, (3) mathematical model and the establishment of index system. Will these three together constitute a systematic analysis and problem solving, the idea of hydroelectric project construction harmonious resettlement specific planning, analysis, calculation and prediction, research, and proposes the countermeasure measures, etc.
This papers is to Lao Nam Theun 2 Hydroelectric Project as an example, its study of content including:(1) study resettlers relocation progress and the about problem of analysis, and solution method; (2) study recovery resettlers of production living and its related problem of policy, and planning, and implementation construction; (3) tudy resettlers of social service system and related of problem for planning, and solution programme measures; (4) research Nakai reservoir resources of sustainable development, which including the reservoir fishing of planning and management and reservoir water pollutants of monitoring governance; (5) study resettlers placement around area of forest and land wildlife and its related of climate, of planning management measures; (6) financial inputs and countermeasures measures. This paper is divided into eight chapters.
(1)以和谐移民为目标,即为了实现移民搬迁能搬得出去、安置能安的稳、恢复移民的生产生活水平达到或超过搬迁前水平、尽快摆脱贫困、走上致富之路,同时当地的生态环境也得到合理的保护和利用；
(2)建立三个系统指标体系,如：经济指标体系、社会指标体系和环境指标体系,来衡量该水电站项目建设的和谐移民目的；
(3)定性研究、即将应用到目标导向项目规划的方法,对各具体问题进行规划、分析以及解决问题的逻辑思路；
(4)定量研究、即将应用到一些数学方法,例如：微分方程,灰色模型等的数学模型知识对的移民进度监测、恢复生产生活和环境等问题进行量化对策研究。
本文的创新之处有三点,即：(1)移民的生产、生活目标；(2)目标导向项目规划在水电站项目建设问题分析中的运用；(3)数学模型和指标体系的建立。将这三点结合在一起构成一个系统地分析解决问题的思路,来对水电站项目建设和谐移民安置的具体规划、分析、计算、预测、研究和提出相应的对策措施等。
本论文是以老挝Nam Theun 2 Hydroelectric项目为例,其研究的内容包括：(1)研究移民搬迁进度及有关问题的分析、解决方法；(2)研究恢复移民的生产生活水平和其相关问题的政策、规划、落实建设等；(3)研究移民的社会服务体系和相关的问题进行规划、解决方案措施等；(4)研究Nakai水库资源的可持续发展,其中包括该水库捕鱼的规划与管理和水库水污染物的监测治理等；(5)研究移民安置周边地区的森林与陆地野生动物和其相关的气候等的规划管理措施；(6)财政投入与对策措施。从而本论文共分为八章。
Resettlement as hydroelectric project construction and triggered the inevitable outcome of the increasingly serious political, economic, social, environmental, and religious cultural problems, and constrains hydroelectric project construction is one of the important factors, so around governments, environmental protection armor bearer, sociologists and other academic etc, at the same time as the attaches great importance to the development of the Lao government industrial promote economic and social development policy implementation. Therefore, have scientific pertinence of Laos hydroelectric project harmonious resettlement research becomes very important, which is not only related to immigration whether can lift out, find a place for to whether can Ann instability immigrants can gradually get rid of poverty on path to riches, and directly related to the success or failure of the hydropower station. At present, the domestic and foreign for hydroelectric project construction resettlement the research target of mostly focuses on:(1) the resettlement evaluation, (2) for the assessment of ecological environmental impact, (3) social and economic evaluation a few kinds big problems. Their research methods most is the application of the traditional theory and some statistical method, and didn't use mathematical model to predict, use mathematics as a tool to quantitative measure its research results. Therefore, this thesis with project management and innovating development point of view as a starting point for the realization of hydroelectric project construction and harmonious immigration countermeasures study as the goal, to apply to the objective (goal) oriented project planning, mathematic model and index system for hydroelectric project construction and harmonious immigrants, and did research study separately for the following several parts:
(1) in the harmonious immigrants as the goal, namely, in order to realize the migration can lift out, settlement can Ann's Steady, restore immigration production and living standard reach or exceed before we moved level, as soon as possible put out of poverty Trapped, the way to wealth, while on the local ecological environment has also been reasonable protection and utilization.
(2) establish three system index system, such as:economic index system, social index system and environmental indicator System, to measure the hydropower project construction harmonious immigration purposes.
(3) qualitative study, is applied to objective (goal) oriented project planning methods, to each specific problem Plan, analyze and solve the problem of logic thinking.
(4) quantitative study, is applied to some mathematical methods, such as:differential equation, grey model, etc,The mathematical model of knowledge of immigrants progress monitoring, resumption of production life and environment issues Quantitative countermeasures study.
The innovation of this thesis places that have three, namely:(1)the resettlers production and life goals, (2) objective (goal) oriented project planning in hydroelectric project construction problem analysis of applications, (3) mathematical model and the establishment of index system. Will these three together constitute a systematic analysis and problem solving, the idea of hydroelectric project construction harmonious resettlement specific planning, analysis, calculation and prediction, research, and proposes the countermeasure measures, etc.
This papers is to Lao Nam Theun 2 Hydroelectric Project as an example, its study of content including:(1) study resettlers relocation progress and the about problem of analysis, and solution method; (2) study recovery resettlers of production living and its related problem of policy, and planning, and implementation construction; (3) tudy resettlers of social service system and related of problem for planning, and solution programme measures; (4) research Nakai reservoir resources of sustainable development, which including the reservoir fishing of planning and management and reservoir water pollutants of monitoring governance; (5) study resettlers placement around area of forest and land wildlife and its related of climate, of planning management measures; (6) financial inputs and countermeasures measures. This paper is divided into eight chapters.
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