交通荷载作用下饱和软粘土的动力特性研究及数值模拟
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摘要
随着我国公路建设的迅猛发展,交通荷载所引起的岩土工程问题日益受到岩土工程学者们的关注。尤其是对于修建在软土地区的高速公路,由于在交通荷载作用一定深度范围内,地基中软土层受到附加荷载的作用,会产生新的沉降。因此,对于交通荷载作用下饱和软粘土动态特性的研究十分必要。本文在以往研究的基础上,着重开展了对天津软粘土的动力特性试验研究。
通过室内静力试验,分析了天津软粘土的静力学特性。确定了先期固结压力及结构屈服应力。并以此为基础进行了不同条件下的动三轴试验研究,通过试验分析总结了天津软粘土的动力特性变化规律,建立了循环荷载作用下软粘土中孔压发展的经验模型,该孔压模型综合考虑了围压,动应力,频率,循环振次的影响。对于单层软土地基土体研究了一维非线性固结的数值解法。采用MATLAB计算软件编制了相应的程序,得到了方程的数值解。为在饱和软粘土上修筑高等级公路设计和施工提供了有益的参考依据。
With the rapid development of city transportation in China,we have paid more attention to the geotechnical problems caused by the traffic loads. Especially for the highway built on the soft areas, as the soft layer in the depth of traffic load’s action is impactted by the additive loads,a new settlement will be introduced. So it is essential to study on the soft soil’s dynamic characters under the traffic loads. Based on the achievement got by the former scholars,a research on the Tianjin soft clay under traffic loads was made. The main work of this thesis is about the dynamic property of Tianjin soft soil.
By conducting indoor static test,we have analysed the static property and got the preceding consolidation pressure and fabric yield stress. Based on the achievement got in the indoor dynamical triaxial test,the rules of Tianjin soft clay’s dynamic characters have been obtained, and an empirical pore pressure model of soft clay under cyclic loading , involved with confining pressure, dynamic stress,and cycle frequency, was established. Numerical analysis about monolayer foundation under traffic loads was developed. And the numerical solution was obtained through the corresponding procedure with MATLAB. All these provide useful basis for the design and construction about highway built on the soft soil.
通过室内静力试验,分析了天津软粘土的静力学特性。确定了先期固结压力及结构屈服应力。并以此为基础进行了不同条件下的动三轴试验研究,通过试验分析总结了天津软粘土的动力特性变化规律,建立了循环荷载作用下软粘土中孔压发展的经验模型,该孔压模型综合考虑了围压,动应力,频率,循环振次的影响。对于单层软土地基土体研究了一维非线性固结的数值解法。采用MATLAB计算软件编制了相应的程序,得到了方程的数值解。为在饱和软粘土上修筑高等级公路设计和施工提供了有益的参考依据。
With the rapid development of city transportation in China,we have paid more attention to the geotechnical problems caused by the traffic loads. Especially for the highway built on the soft areas, as the soft layer in the depth of traffic load’s action is impactted by the additive loads,a new settlement will be introduced. So it is essential to study on the soft soil’s dynamic characters under the traffic loads. Based on the achievement got by the former scholars,a research on the Tianjin soft clay under traffic loads was made. The main work of this thesis is about the dynamic property of Tianjin soft soil.
By conducting indoor static test,we have analysed the static property and got the preceding consolidation pressure and fabric yield stress. Based on the achievement got in the indoor dynamical triaxial test,the rules of Tianjin soft clay’s dynamic characters have been obtained, and an empirical pore pressure model of soft clay under cyclic loading , involved with confining pressure, dynamic stress,and cycle frequency, was established. Numerical analysis about monolayer foundation under traffic loads was developed. And the numerical solution was obtained through the corresponding procedure with MATLAB. All these provide useful basis for the design and construction about highway built on the soft soil.
引文
[1] Barker WR. Nonlinear finite element analysis of heavily loaded airfield pavement systems. Applications of the Element method in Geotech Engrg,1972,657-693
[2] A..E.J. Hardy,R.R.K. Jones and S. Turner The influence of real-world rail head roughness on railway noise prediction Journal of Sound and Vibration,Volume 293,Issues 3-5,13 June 2006,Pages 965-974
[3] Lu Sun and Thomas W KendY,Spectral Analysis and Parametric Study of Stochastic Pavement Loads,Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2002,March,318-327
[4] D. HROVAT. Influence of Unsprung Weight on Vehicle Ride Quality. Journal of Round and Vibratin. 1988,124(3),497-516
[5]周华飞,蒋建群,毛根海,路面不平整引起的车辆动荷载分析,中国市政工程,2002(03):10~13
[6]江静贝,复合地基的地震反应分析,建筑科学,1996(l):232
[7] Seed H B,Chan C K,Monismith C L. Effects of Repeated Loading on the Strength and Deformation of Compacted Clay [J].H R B Proceedings,1955,34:541-558
[8] Seed H B,Chan C K. Effects of Stress History and Frequency of Stress Application on,Deformation of Clay Subgrades under Repeated Loading [J].H R B Proceeding,1958,37:555-575
[9]Seed H B,ChanC K. Undrained Strength of Compacted Clays After Soaking [J]. Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering,1959,85(5):87-128
[10] Seed H B,ChenC K,LeeC E.Resilience Characteristics of Subgrade Soils and Their Relation to Fatigue in Asphalt Pavement [C] M Anon. Proceedings,First International Conference on the Structure Design of Asphalt Pavement. Michigan:University of Michigan,1962:611-636
[11] Seed H B,Mitry F G,Monismith C L,etal. Prediction of Flexible Pavement Deflections from Laboratory Repeated Load Tests[R]: N C H R P Report 35. Highway Research Board,1967
[12] Larew H G,Leonards G A. Repeated Load Strength Criterion. Proc.Highway Res. Board.1962.41,529
[13] Sangrey D A,etal. Cyclic Loading of Sands,Siltsand Clays. Proc. Specialty Conf. on Earthquake Engrg and Soil Dynamics. ASCE,Pasadena,Calif.1978.836~851
[14] Matsui T Ohara H and Ito T. Cyclic Stress strain History and Shear Characteristic soft clays. J.Geotech.Engrg.,ASCE,1980,106(10):1101~1120
[15] Muhanna A S. A Testing Procedure and a Model for Resilient Modulus and Accumulated Plastic Strain of Cohesive Subgrade Soils [D]. North Carolina State University,1994
[16]唐益君,王艳玲,黄雨,周载阳,地铁行车荷载下土体动强度和动应力应变关系,同济大学学报,2004,32(6):702~703
[17]王军.单双向激振循环荷载作用下饱和软粘土动力特性研究,[博士学位论文],浙江:浙江大学,2007
[18]梅英宝,交通荷载作用下道路与软土复合地基共同作用下性状研究,[博士学位论文],浙江:浙江大学,2004
[19]周建,龚晓南,李剑强,循环荷载下饱和软粘土特性试验研究,工业建筑,2000,30(11):43~46
[20]耿大新,钟才根,郑明新,交通荷载作用下软土路基残余变形的研究,华东交通大学学报,2007,24(4):47~49
[21]查文华,洪宝宁,徐毅,交通荷载下低路堤高速公路路面路基振动测试与分析,公路工程,2007,32(4):114~117
[22]蒋华忠,李国维,余湘娟,贺冠军,交通荷载作用下低路堤软基的室内试验研究和沉降计算,公路,2006,10:60~61
[23]雷华阳,肖树芳,软土结构性的试验研究及其对工程特性的影响[J],吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2004,34(1):106~110
[24]雷华阳,饱和软粘土固结变形的微结构效应[J],水力学报,2004,4:91~95,100
[25]唐益群,张曦,周念清,地铁振动荷载作用下饱和软粘土性状微观研究[J],同济大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(5):626~630
[26]陈剑洲,朱向荣,谢康和,潘秋元,曾国熙,One Dimensional Consolidation of Soft Clay Under Trapezoidal Cyclic Loading. Second International Conference on Soft Soil Engineering;1996,211-216
[27]蔡袁强,徐长节,袁海明,任意荷载下成层粘弹性地基的一维固结,应用数学和力学,2001,Vol.22,No.3:307-313
[28]蔡袁强,徐长节,丁狄刚,循环荷载下成层饱和地基的一维固结,振动工程学报,1998,No.2:194-193
[29]谢康和,S. Guo,李冰和,曾国熙,A Theory of Consolidation for Soil Exhibition Rheological Characteristics under Cyclic Loading. Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics:,1997,1053-1058
[30]杨丹,吴世明,陈龙珠,循环荷载下饱和粘土的一维粘弹塑性解答,水利学报,1992,No.5:52-58
[31]关山海,谢康和,胡安峰,低频循环荷载下地基一维固结性状分析,岩土力学,2003,24(5):849-853
[32] H.B.Seed,C.K. Chan.Effect of Duration on Soil Deformation under Repeated Loading,Proceeding,5th Interational Congress on Soil Mechanics and Foundations:1961,341-345.
[33]周建,循环荷载作用下饱和软粘土的孔压模型,工程勘察,2000,No.4:7-9
[34]周建,龚晓南,循环荷载作用下饱和软粘土应变软化研究,土木工程学报,2000,Vo1.33,No.5:75-78
[45]许才军,周洪波,不排水循环荷载作用下饱和软粘土的孔压增长模型,勘察科学技术,1998,No.3:3-7
[36]许才军,周洪波,上海地区循环不排水作用下饱和软枯土孔隙水压力模型的建立,岩土工程师,1997,Vol.9,No.4:7-11
[37]赵小林,循环荷载及循环等应变幅作用下砂土孔隙水压力的变化规律,工程勘察,,1989,No3:11-14
[38]候永峰,张航,周建,龚晓南,循环荷载作用下复合地基沉降分析,工业建筑,2001,Vol.31,No6:40-42
[39]候永峰,张航,周建,龚晓南,循环荷载作用下水泥复合土变形性状试验研究,岩土工程学报,2001,Vol.23,No.3:288-291
[40]谢康和,潘秋元,变荷载下任意层地基一维固结理论[J],岩土工程学报,1995,17(5),81~84
[41]徐长节,蔡袁强,吴世明,任意荷载下成层弹性地基的一维固结,土木工程学报,1999,32(4):58~63
[42]王宏志,陈仁朋,周万欢,陈云敏,双层地基一维非线性固结的DQM解,水利学报,2004,4:9~12
[43]齐添,谢康和,李西斌,软土的一维非线性固结计算参数及其测定,浙江大学学报,2006,40(8):1839~1841
[44]刘祚秋,富明慧,周翠英,变荷载下任意层地基一维非线性固结的数值分析,中山大学学报,2007,46(5):2~4
[45]洪宝宁,赵维炳,一种土体固结变形的数值计算方法,岩土力学,1998,19(3):33~37
[2] A..E.J. Hardy,R.R.K. Jones and S. Turner The influence of real-world rail head roughness on railway noise prediction Journal of Sound and Vibration,Volume 293,Issues 3-5,13 June 2006,Pages 965-974
[3] Lu Sun and Thomas W KendY,Spectral Analysis and Parametric Study of Stochastic Pavement Loads,Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2002,March,318-327
[4] D. HROVAT. Influence of Unsprung Weight on Vehicle Ride Quality. Journal of Round and Vibratin. 1988,124(3),497-516
[5]周华飞,蒋建群,毛根海,路面不平整引起的车辆动荷载分析,中国市政工程,2002(03):10~13
[6]江静贝,复合地基的地震反应分析,建筑科学,1996(l):232
[7] Seed H B,Chan C K,Monismith C L. Effects of Repeated Loading on the Strength and Deformation of Compacted Clay [J].H R B Proceedings,1955,34:541-558
[8] Seed H B,Chan C K. Effects of Stress History and Frequency of Stress Application on,Deformation of Clay Subgrades under Repeated Loading [J].H R B Proceeding,1958,37:555-575
[9]Seed H B,ChanC K. Undrained Strength of Compacted Clays After Soaking [J]. Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering,1959,85(5):87-128
[10] Seed H B,ChenC K,LeeC E.Resilience Characteristics of Subgrade Soils and Their Relation to Fatigue in Asphalt Pavement [C] M Anon. Proceedings,First International Conference on the Structure Design of Asphalt Pavement. Michigan:University of Michigan,1962:611-636
[11] Seed H B,Mitry F G,Monismith C L,etal. Prediction of Flexible Pavement Deflections from Laboratory Repeated Load Tests[R]: N C H R P Report 35. Highway Research Board,1967
[12] Larew H G,Leonards G A. Repeated Load Strength Criterion. Proc.Highway Res. Board.1962.41,529
[13] Sangrey D A,etal. Cyclic Loading of Sands,Siltsand Clays. Proc. Specialty Conf. on Earthquake Engrg and Soil Dynamics. ASCE,Pasadena,Calif.1978.836~851
[14] Matsui T Ohara H and Ito T. Cyclic Stress strain History and Shear Characteristic soft clays. J.Geotech.Engrg.,ASCE,1980,106(10):1101~1120
[15] Muhanna A S. A Testing Procedure and a Model for Resilient Modulus and Accumulated Plastic Strain of Cohesive Subgrade Soils [D]. North Carolina State University,1994
[16]唐益君,王艳玲,黄雨,周载阳,地铁行车荷载下土体动强度和动应力应变关系,同济大学学报,2004,32(6):702~703
[17]王军.单双向激振循环荷载作用下饱和软粘土动力特性研究,[博士学位论文],浙江:浙江大学,2007
[18]梅英宝,交通荷载作用下道路与软土复合地基共同作用下性状研究,[博士学位论文],浙江:浙江大学,2004
[19]周建,龚晓南,李剑强,循环荷载下饱和软粘土特性试验研究,工业建筑,2000,30(11):43~46
[20]耿大新,钟才根,郑明新,交通荷载作用下软土路基残余变形的研究,华东交通大学学报,2007,24(4):47~49
[21]查文华,洪宝宁,徐毅,交通荷载下低路堤高速公路路面路基振动测试与分析,公路工程,2007,32(4):114~117
[22]蒋华忠,李国维,余湘娟,贺冠军,交通荷载作用下低路堤软基的室内试验研究和沉降计算,公路,2006,10:60~61
[23]雷华阳,肖树芳,软土结构性的试验研究及其对工程特性的影响[J],吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2004,34(1):106~110
[24]雷华阳,饱和软粘土固结变形的微结构效应[J],水力学报,2004,4:91~95,100
[25]唐益群,张曦,周念清,地铁振动荷载作用下饱和软粘土性状微观研究[J],同济大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(5):626~630
[26]陈剑洲,朱向荣,谢康和,潘秋元,曾国熙,One Dimensional Consolidation of Soft Clay Under Trapezoidal Cyclic Loading. Second International Conference on Soft Soil Engineering;1996,211-216
[27]蔡袁强,徐长节,袁海明,任意荷载下成层粘弹性地基的一维固结,应用数学和力学,2001,Vol.22,No.3:307-313
[28]蔡袁强,徐长节,丁狄刚,循环荷载下成层饱和地基的一维固结,振动工程学报,1998,No.2:194-193
[29]谢康和,S. Guo,李冰和,曾国熙,A Theory of Consolidation for Soil Exhibition Rheological Characteristics under Cyclic Loading. Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics:,1997,1053-1058
[30]杨丹,吴世明,陈龙珠,循环荷载下饱和粘土的一维粘弹塑性解答,水利学报,1992,No.5:52-58
[31]关山海,谢康和,胡安峰,低频循环荷载下地基一维固结性状分析,岩土力学,2003,24(5):849-853
[32] H.B.Seed,C.K. Chan.Effect of Duration on Soil Deformation under Repeated Loading,Proceeding,5th Interational Congress on Soil Mechanics and Foundations:1961,341-345.
[33]周建,循环荷载作用下饱和软粘土的孔压模型,工程勘察,2000,No.4:7-9
[34]周建,龚晓南,循环荷载作用下饱和软粘土应变软化研究,土木工程学报,2000,Vo1.33,No.5:75-78
[45]许才军,周洪波,不排水循环荷载作用下饱和软粘土的孔压增长模型,勘察科学技术,1998,No.3:3-7
[36]许才军,周洪波,上海地区循环不排水作用下饱和软枯土孔隙水压力模型的建立,岩土工程师,1997,Vol.9,No.4:7-11
[37]赵小林,循环荷载及循环等应变幅作用下砂土孔隙水压力的变化规律,工程勘察,,1989,No3:11-14
[38]候永峰,张航,周建,龚晓南,循环荷载作用下复合地基沉降分析,工业建筑,2001,Vol.31,No6:40-42
[39]候永峰,张航,周建,龚晓南,循环荷载作用下水泥复合土变形性状试验研究,岩土工程学报,2001,Vol.23,No.3:288-291
[40]谢康和,潘秋元,变荷载下任意层地基一维固结理论[J],岩土工程学报,1995,17(5),81~84
[41]徐长节,蔡袁强,吴世明,任意荷载下成层弹性地基的一维固结,土木工程学报,1999,32(4):58~63
[42]王宏志,陈仁朋,周万欢,陈云敏,双层地基一维非线性固结的DQM解,水利学报,2004,4:9~12
[43]齐添,谢康和,李西斌,软土的一维非线性固结计算参数及其测定,浙江大学学报,2006,40(8):1839~1841
[44]刘祚秋,富明慧,周翠英,变荷载下任意层地基一维非线性固结的数值分析,中山大学学报,2007,46(5):2~4
[45]洪宝宁,赵维炳,一种土体固结变形的数值计算方法,岩土力学,1998,19(3):33~37