数字卫星电视QPSK/QAM调制转换器的设计与实现
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摘要
在数字有线电视网中,数字卫星节目(DVB-S)到数字有线节目(DVB-C)的转发是其中的重要环节,采用不同实现方案,对数字有线电视前端系统的结构和成本有着重要影响。现有转换方案是采用信号处理能力较强、结构独立的单机模块来“搭建”前端系统,不同模块实现不同功能。单一的积木式结构用于接收MCPC方式的多路数字卫星电视节目时,各模块的处理能力得不到充分利用,而且这种方案中的接收机大多数采用了功能强大而价格昂贵的控制/解复用专用芯片,专用芯片的功能也得不到充分利用,不利于降低系统成本。
     论文中提出了一种数字卫星电视QPSK/QAM调制转换器的实现方案,它克服了现行节目转换方案的不足,在一个机内实现了数字卫星电视TS的接收、节目过滤、QAM调制、数字中频调制、捷变型邻频道调制等功能,并且提供了一路外部TS输入接口,特别适用于对MCPC方式的数字卫星电视节目转换,为现行数字有线电视前端节目转换方案提供了一种可选的低成本、高性能、组网灵活的实现平台,有效的简化了前端系统的结构,降低了数字有线电视前端系统成本。
     论文中介绍了该系统的信号处理流程及其基本原理;设计和实现了构成系统的主要单元:单片零中频调谐器、基于FPGA通用DSP的节目过滤器、QAM调制器、正交数字中频调制器、捷变型RF调制器、主控单元等部分的硬件电路;介绍了节目过滤器通信规约、节目过滤器软件流程、系统总体软件流程。
     根据该设计方案成功的研制出第一台试验样机,基本实现了设计要求。试验证明该系统方案可行,最后文章总结了开发设计中取得的成功之处。
In the Digital Cable TV network, it is important process to translate the Digital Satellite TV (DVB-S) to Digital Cable TV (DVB-C). The structure and cost of the systems of Digital Cable TV Front-End vary with the solution of it. The existing solution uses the single function modules, which are full capacity in signal processing and complete independence in structure, to build the Digital Cable TV Front-End. When the building block modules are used for building the Front-End systems to pickup multi programs been send by MCPC way, the capacities of the modules are not full used. Furthermore, the Digital Satellite TV receivers in the solution tend to use the special de-multiplex/control chip, which is costly, but whose functions are not been full used in such receiver. All of those are disadvantage in cutting down the cost of front-end.
    In the paper, a solution of QPSK/QAM Trans-Modulation is presented for DVB-S to DVB-C. The QPSK/QAM Trans-Modulation offsets the shortcoming of the existing solution. The design implements all of the functions in a single box, which includes Digital Satellite TV Receiver, Program Filter, QAM Modulate, Digital Quadrature IF Modulate, and Adjacent Channel Modulator, also implements an ASI interface for extra MPEG2 Transport Stream input. This Trans-Modulator is delicately designed to been used in Translating multi-program been send by MCPC way. The presented architecture provides a high performance, low cost, flexible and efficient alternative solution, which briefs the Digital Cable TV Front-End and cuts down the cost of it, for Digital Cable TV Front-End.
    In the paper, the signal processing flows and the elementary theory of it is introduced. The main parts of the system are designed and implemented, such as: Single Zero IF Tuner, Program Filter based FPGA and DSP, QAM Modulator, Digital Quadrature IF Modulate, and Adjacent Channel Modulator. The protocol of communication of the Program Filter, The software flows of the Program, and the main software flows of the system are discussed.
    The first trial-produce, according to the scheme, is success. It has met the designed requirements. The experiment proves the design scheme is feasible. At the end of the paper, the successes in the development are summarized.
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