用于永磁充磁机的脉冲电路设计
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摘要
近年来,随着永磁材料在电机中的应用日益广泛,使得永磁电机逐渐成为电机领域的研究热点。为了提高永磁电机的充磁效果,除了选择高矫顽力的永磁体外,还要设计高效准确的充磁电路。本课题就是研究永磁充磁机的充磁电路设计。
本课题首先分析了永磁充磁电路的设计原理及基本要求,即设计的充磁电路使永磁电机尽量达到饱和的充磁效果,并要减小永磁体内部涡流。其次是充磁电路的设计,本文采用一种大电容组脉冲放电方式的脉冲充磁法。在该充磁电路设计中,首先是对大电容组的充电电路进行设计,该部分电路主要包括变压器变压、整流和滤波稳压等过程的电路;放电电路的过程是在电容充电完毕之后产生一个大的脉冲电流对永磁电机的永磁体充磁。由于瞬间放电电流脉冲极大,选择大功率晶闸管作为充放电回路开关器件可以避免产生的瞬间大脉冲电流烧坏器件。此外,对大功率晶闸管的触发电路设计是由两个触发脉冲分时触发控制来实现的。
应用仿真软件对设计的各部分充磁电路做仿真分析。一方面验证了电路的正确性,有效的保护各部分器件;另一方面,可以通过对仿真软件特有的参数分析和优化分析方法所得出的输出波形进行分析,从而得出最有效的充磁电路参数。
The permanent magnet motor has become the research hotspot in the field of motor aspermanent magnetic materials in motor application are more extensive in recent years. In orderto improve the magnetization effect of permanent magnet motor, it is required accurate andefficient magnetization circuit except that it is choused the permanent magnet with high coerciveforce. The paper devises the magnetization circuit for permanent magnet motor.
This paper first introduces the design principle of permanent magnet magnetization circuitand basic requirements, which requires magnetization motor reach the saturation magnetizationeffect as far as possible, and minimize the internal vortex of permanent magnets. It is adapted theway of large capacitance group pulse discharge for the motor magnetization.In the circuit design,the first of work is the design of charger circuit for large capacitance group. This part of thecircuit mainly includes transformer, rectifier voltage and filtering process. The process ofdischarging circuit is to realize the magnetization of permanent magnet motor of capacitancecharger completes after which a large pulse current on permanent magnet motor permanentmagnet.Because instant discharge current is greatly, we choose the high-power SCR as chargingand discharging circuit switching devices, which can avoid to produce the instantaneous pulsecurrent making devices burn out. In addition, high-power thyristor trigger circuit is separatelytriggered bytwo trigger pulse.
The subject adopts simulation software to do simulation analysis. We can applicant thesoftware to simulate each part of the analysis of magnetization circuit. On the one hand, it cancheck the correctness of the circuit and protect devices of circuit each part effectively. On theother hand, we can get the most effective circuit parameters through the unique parameteranalysis and optimum analysis method of simulation software.
本课题首先分析了永磁充磁电路的设计原理及基本要求,即设计的充磁电路使永磁电机尽量达到饱和的充磁效果,并要减小永磁体内部涡流。其次是充磁电路的设计,本文采用一种大电容组脉冲放电方式的脉冲充磁法。在该充磁电路设计中,首先是对大电容组的充电电路进行设计,该部分电路主要包括变压器变压、整流和滤波稳压等过程的电路;放电电路的过程是在电容充电完毕之后产生一个大的脉冲电流对永磁电机的永磁体充磁。由于瞬间放电电流脉冲极大,选择大功率晶闸管作为充放电回路开关器件可以避免产生的瞬间大脉冲电流烧坏器件。此外,对大功率晶闸管的触发电路设计是由两个触发脉冲分时触发控制来实现的。
应用仿真软件对设计的各部分充磁电路做仿真分析。一方面验证了电路的正确性,有效的保护各部分器件;另一方面,可以通过对仿真软件特有的参数分析和优化分析方法所得出的输出波形进行分析,从而得出最有效的充磁电路参数。
The permanent magnet motor has become the research hotspot in the field of motor aspermanent magnetic materials in motor application are more extensive in recent years. In orderto improve the magnetization effect of permanent magnet motor, it is required accurate andefficient magnetization circuit except that it is choused the permanent magnet with high coerciveforce. The paper devises the magnetization circuit for permanent magnet motor.
This paper first introduces the design principle of permanent magnet magnetization circuitand basic requirements, which requires magnetization motor reach the saturation magnetizationeffect as far as possible, and minimize the internal vortex of permanent magnets. It is adapted theway of large capacitance group pulse discharge for the motor magnetization.In the circuit design,the first of work is the design of charger circuit for large capacitance group. This part of thecircuit mainly includes transformer, rectifier voltage and filtering process. The process ofdischarging circuit is to realize the magnetization of permanent magnet motor of capacitancecharger completes after which a large pulse current on permanent magnet motor permanentmagnet.Because instant discharge current is greatly, we choose the high-power SCR as chargingand discharging circuit switching devices, which can avoid to produce the instantaneous pulsecurrent making devices burn out. In addition, high-power thyristor trigger circuit is separatelytriggered bytwo trigger pulse.
The subject adopts simulation software to do simulation analysis. We can applicant thesoftware to simulate each part of the analysis of magnetization circuit. On the one hand, it cancheck the correctness of the circuit and protect devices of circuit each part effectively. On theother hand, we can get the most effective circuit parameters through the unique parameteranalysis and optimum analysis method of simulation software.
引文
[1]田民波.磁性材料.北京:清华大学出版社,2001.
[2]林其壬,赵佑民.磁路设计原理.北京:机械工业出版社,1987.
[3]吴良宏.多极磁化技术及其应用研究.上海钢研,1995,6(1):19-24.
[4]蒋芳芳,郑颖.永磁铁氧体多极磁环磁场取向和充磁系统研究.磁性材料及器件, 2006,9(6):57-61.
[5]邱关源.电路原理.北京:高等教育出版社,1999.
[6]康华光.电子技术基础.北京:高等教育出版社,1998.
[7]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2000.
[8]张祖信.脉冲磁场充磁的若干问题探讨.磁性材料及器件,2000,45-47.
[9]杜涛.脉冲放电电路的仿真,探测与控制学报.2004,6(7):87-90.
[10]刘凡非.CM-1型充磁机电路的SPICE仿真及充磁回路性能研究.国外金属矿选矿,2006,24-26.
[11]谢祖荣,李伟,黄之初.强电流脉冲控制的永磁起重吸盘研究与设计.武汉理工大学学报,2002,24(7):58-61.
[12]谢祖荣,靳其兵等.电容放电脉冲充磁技术中放电回路参数的选择.辽宁工程技术大学学报,2002,21(2):187-189.
[13]谢祖荣,周晓正等,脉冲充磁技术与装置研究.北京石油化工学院学报,2001,9(1):51-54.
[14]李伟,谢祖荣等.RLC脉冲放电电路的计算机辅助分析.北京石油化工学院学报,2003,11(1):13-16.
[15]刘力真,何玉林.强场脉冲充磁退磁装置.宇航计策技术,2003,23(3):58-60.
[16]侯志勇,刘峰等.晶闸管触发模块构成的电机调速控制电路.河南机电高等专科学校学报2002,10(3):121-124.
[17]李宏.大规模集成电路及应用.电气自动化,1991,6(4):56-61.
[18]江晶,卢诚. 1000安大电流脉冲发生器主回路研制.昆明理工大学硕士学位论文.2005.
[19]郑光钦.全能OrCAD混合电路仿真Pspice A/D V9.中国铁道出版社,2000.
[20]曲继圣.新型晶闸管触发电路的设计.山东电大学报,2004,4(5):82-85.
[21]芮长颖.可控硅触发电路的设计.巢湖学院学报,2007,9(3):79-82.
[22]黄德胜.可控硅触发电路.中国氯碱报,2008,4(4):25-28.
[23] M.Enokizono,S.Takahashi,and T.Kiyohara,Magnetic Field analysis permanent Magnet Motor WithMagnetinaisotropic Materials Nd-Fe-B,IEEETrans.On Magn,2003,39(3):1373-1376.
[24]李永平.Pspice电路仿真程序设计.国防工业出版社,2006.
[25]汪健民.Pspice电路设计与应用.北京:国防工业出版社,2007.
[26]汪汉新,朱翠涛等.基于PSpice的电路优化设计方法的研究与应用.微电子与计算机, 2007,24(1):110-112.
[27]易金刚,张峰,薛庆华.利用Pspice Optimizer进行电路的优化设计.电子技术,2002,10(4):18-20.
[28]夏述堰,刘少强.基于Pspice9电路优化参数设计.自动化技术与应用,2008,27(1):106-108.
[29] P.Zhou,W.N.Fu,D.Lin,S.Stanton and Z.J.Cendes,“Numerical Modeling of Magnetic Device,”IEEETrans.On Magn,2004,40(14):1803-1809.
[30] D.Lin,P.Zhou,Z.Badics,W.N.Fu,Q.M.Chen and Z.J.Cendes,“A New Nonlinear Anisotropic Model forSoft Magnetic Materials,”IEEETrans. On Magn,2006,42(4):963-966.
[31] Pill-Soo Kim,Yong Kim,fieldand thermal modeling of magnetizing fixture by impulse,The FifthInternational Conference onPower Electronics and Drive Systems, 2003,2:1301-1306.
[32] Pill-Soo Kim,Yong Kim.Circuit,Thermal and Cost Modeling of Impulse Magnetizer.IEEE 1999international Conference on Power Electronics and Drive System, Hong Kong ,1999,99(3):1561-1565.
[33] Pill-Soo Kim,Byung-You Hong,Yong Kim.AnInvestigation to General Characterister-Field ModelingandThermal Modeling of Magnetizing Fixture. IEEE 1999,1715-1721.
[34]温郑铨,陈玉燕.适用于PSpice的晶闸管开关模型.电力电子技术学报,1995.2(4):37-42.
[35]张东辉,严萍等. PSpice电路仿真中变压器模型的使用.电力系统学报,2007,26(1):21-26.
[36]洪乃刚.变压器的磁滞非线性仿真和Jile-atherton模型.华东冶金学院学报,1998,15(4):344-348.
[37]刘勇.基于PSpice的几种常见整流电路分析与仿真.现代电子技术,2006,9:142-143.
[38]沈永滨,朴永范.微机控制的脉冲充、退、测磁装置.电测与仪表,1996.10:157-160.
[39]李宏.高性能IGBT专用驱动集成电路IR2及应用.集成电路应用,1992,6:1-5.
[40]李宏摘译.应用大功率晶体管的最优基极驱动及保护电路.国外电力电子技术,1980,5:91-93.
[41]陈永煌.电容充、放电式自动充、退磁机.安徽机电学院学报,2000,15(3):65-68.
[42]赵威威,余先伦. OrCAD/PSpice优化模块Optimizer在有源滤波器设计辅助教学中的应用.重庆三峡学院学报, 2009, 25(117):55-57.
[43]赵培功,李雷.集成电路应用[M].成都:电子科技大学出版社,2005.
[44]朱锡仁.电路测试技术与仪器.北京:清华大学出版社,1981.
[45]丁玉美.数字信号处理.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1989.
[46]金凤莲,孟桂颖,于忠德,林敏.应用Pspice仿真软件优化电路设计.自动化与仪器仪表,2001,6:22-24.
[2]林其壬,赵佑民.磁路设计原理.北京:机械工业出版社,1987.
[3]吴良宏.多极磁化技术及其应用研究.上海钢研,1995,6(1):19-24.
[4]蒋芳芳,郑颖.永磁铁氧体多极磁环磁场取向和充磁系统研究.磁性材料及器件, 2006,9(6):57-61.
[5]邱关源.电路原理.北京:高等教育出版社,1999.
[6]康华光.电子技术基础.北京:高等教育出版社,1998.
[7]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2000.
[8]张祖信.脉冲磁场充磁的若干问题探讨.磁性材料及器件,2000,45-47.
[9]杜涛.脉冲放电电路的仿真,探测与控制学报.2004,6(7):87-90.
[10]刘凡非.CM-1型充磁机电路的SPICE仿真及充磁回路性能研究.国外金属矿选矿,2006,24-26.
[11]谢祖荣,李伟,黄之初.强电流脉冲控制的永磁起重吸盘研究与设计.武汉理工大学学报,2002,24(7):58-61.
[12]谢祖荣,靳其兵等.电容放电脉冲充磁技术中放电回路参数的选择.辽宁工程技术大学学报,2002,21(2):187-189.
[13]谢祖荣,周晓正等,脉冲充磁技术与装置研究.北京石油化工学院学报,2001,9(1):51-54.
[14]李伟,谢祖荣等.RLC脉冲放电电路的计算机辅助分析.北京石油化工学院学报,2003,11(1):13-16.
[15]刘力真,何玉林.强场脉冲充磁退磁装置.宇航计策技术,2003,23(3):58-60.
[16]侯志勇,刘峰等.晶闸管触发模块构成的电机调速控制电路.河南机电高等专科学校学报2002,10(3):121-124.
[17]李宏.大规模集成电路及应用.电气自动化,1991,6(4):56-61.
[18]江晶,卢诚. 1000安大电流脉冲发生器主回路研制.昆明理工大学硕士学位论文.2005.
[19]郑光钦.全能OrCAD混合电路仿真Pspice A/D V9.中国铁道出版社,2000.
[20]曲继圣.新型晶闸管触发电路的设计.山东电大学报,2004,4(5):82-85.
[21]芮长颖.可控硅触发电路的设计.巢湖学院学报,2007,9(3):79-82.
[22]黄德胜.可控硅触发电路.中国氯碱报,2008,4(4):25-28.
[23] M.Enokizono,S.Takahashi,and T.Kiyohara,Magnetic Field analysis permanent Magnet Motor WithMagnetinaisotropic Materials Nd-Fe-B,IEEETrans.On Magn,2003,39(3):1373-1376.
[24]李永平.Pspice电路仿真程序设计.国防工业出版社,2006.
[25]汪健民.Pspice电路设计与应用.北京:国防工业出版社,2007.
[26]汪汉新,朱翠涛等.基于PSpice的电路优化设计方法的研究与应用.微电子与计算机, 2007,24(1):110-112.
[27]易金刚,张峰,薛庆华.利用Pspice Optimizer进行电路的优化设计.电子技术,2002,10(4):18-20.
[28]夏述堰,刘少强.基于Pspice9电路优化参数设计.自动化技术与应用,2008,27(1):106-108.
[29] P.Zhou,W.N.Fu,D.Lin,S.Stanton and Z.J.Cendes,“Numerical Modeling of Magnetic Device,”IEEETrans.On Magn,2004,40(14):1803-1809.
[30] D.Lin,P.Zhou,Z.Badics,W.N.Fu,Q.M.Chen and Z.J.Cendes,“A New Nonlinear Anisotropic Model forSoft Magnetic Materials,”IEEETrans. On Magn,2006,42(4):963-966.
[31] Pill-Soo Kim,Yong Kim,fieldand thermal modeling of magnetizing fixture by impulse,The FifthInternational Conference onPower Electronics and Drive Systems, 2003,2:1301-1306.
[32] Pill-Soo Kim,Yong Kim.Circuit,Thermal and Cost Modeling of Impulse Magnetizer.IEEE 1999international Conference on Power Electronics and Drive System, Hong Kong ,1999,99(3):1561-1565.
[33] Pill-Soo Kim,Byung-You Hong,Yong Kim.AnInvestigation to General Characterister-Field ModelingandThermal Modeling of Magnetizing Fixture. IEEE 1999,1715-1721.
[34]温郑铨,陈玉燕.适用于PSpice的晶闸管开关模型.电力电子技术学报,1995.2(4):37-42.
[35]张东辉,严萍等. PSpice电路仿真中变压器模型的使用.电力系统学报,2007,26(1):21-26.
[36]洪乃刚.变压器的磁滞非线性仿真和Jile-atherton模型.华东冶金学院学报,1998,15(4):344-348.
[37]刘勇.基于PSpice的几种常见整流电路分析与仿真.现代电子技术,2006,9:142-143.
[38]沈永滨,朴永范.微机控制的脉冲充、退、测磁装置.电测与仪表,1996.10:157-160.
[39]李宏.高性能IGBT专用驱动集成电路IR2及应用.集成电路应用,1992,6:1-5.
[40]李宏摘译.应用大功率晶体管的最优基极驱动及保护电路.国外电力电子技术,1980,5:91-93.
[41]陈永煌.电容充、放电式自动充、退磁机.安徽机电学院学报,2000,15(3):65-68.
[42]赵威威,余先伦. OrCAD/PSpice优化模块Optimizer在有源滤波器设计辅助教学中的应用.重庆三峡学院学报, 2009, 25(117):55-57.
[43]赵培功,李雷.集成电路应用[M].成都:电子科技大学出版社,2005.
[44]朱锡仁.电路测试技术与仪器.北京:清华大学出版社,1981.
[45]丁玉美.数字信号处理.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1989.
[46]金凤莲,孟桂颖,于忠德,林敏.应用Pspice仿真软件优化电路设计.自动化与仪器仪表,2001,6:22-24.