通用数据交换技术的研究与应用
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摘要
随着世界经济全球化和一体化的发展，电子数据交换已成为企业参与贸易竞争的重要手段。而作为电子商务主体的企业对企业的电子商务，也特别需要安全高效的数据交换的支持。传统的EDI已经越来越不能适应现代电子商务发展的需要，基于XML和Internet的新一代数据交换是未来的发展方向。本论文为协同电子商务企业应用提供一个高效、可扩展、通用数据交换框架为研究目标，通过引入Web服务的概念，提出了一个基于Web服务信息架构的综合解决方案。
本论文首先对电子数据交换的发展现状和电子商务的演变进行讨论，并对企业数据交换的特点、技术和实现方法进行具体的分析，从而搭建一个面向B2B协同电子商务应用的可扩展的通用数据交换框架。接着对数据交换的关键技术：XML与关系数据库之间的相互转换进行了深入的研究，实现在XML文件之间相互转换的通用方法，阐述了转换过程中的原理、思想精髓等重点问题，描述了通用的转换规则及实现技术。最后给出了通用数据交换技术在协同商务的实例应用，通过具体分析之后，给出了实现模型，并对数据交换的核心模块作了具体实现，并分析有待改进之处，作为将来研究方向的参考。
With the development of economic globalization, electronic data exchange has become more and more important for the enterprise to take part in the trade competition. Traditional EDI isn't fit for the requirements of the contemporary commerce, so the place will be taken by the new XML based Internet EDI. In this paper, we want to provide a high-efficienct, extensible and general data exchange framework for collaborative e-business. By introducing the concept of the Web Service, We provide a synthetical solution based on the information framework of the Web Service.
In this paper we will first make a discuss about the developing actuality of Electronic data exchange and the e-business evolvement, next we will make some detail analyses and comparisons about the specialty of data exchange of business-to-business to construct an extensible general data exchange framework fitting for b2b e-business, then discuss the key technology about data exchange: conversion between XML and RDB, making a deep research on the transforming theory and realizing a general method of transforming between XML documents, and expatiating the current transform rules and realizing technology. At the latter part of the paper, we give out the Application example of collaborative e-business based on the technology of general data exchange, after making some analysis, giving out the implementation model and the actual implementation of the data exchange key modules, also analyse the faultiness as a further research direction reference.
本论文首先对电子数据交换的发展现状和电子商务的演变进行讨论，并对企业数据交换的特点、技术和实现方法进行具体的分析，从而搭建一个面向B2B协同电子商务应用的可扩展的通用数据交换框架。接着对数据交换的关键技术：XML与关系数据库之间的相互转换进行了深入的研究，实现在XML文件之间相互转换的通用方法，阐述了转换过程中的原理、思想精髓等重点问题，描述了通用的转换规则及实现技术。最后给出了通用数据交换技术在协同商务的实例应用，通过具体分析之后，给出了实现模型，并对数据交换的核心模块作了具体实现，并分析有待改进之处，作为将来研究方向的参考。
With the development of economic globalization, electronic data exchange has become more and more important for the enterprise to take part in the trade competition. Traditional EDI isn't fit for the requirements of the contemporary commerce, so the place will be taken by the new XML based Internet EDI. In this paper, we want to provide a high-efficienct, extensible and general data exchange framework for collaborative e-business. By introducing the concept of the Web Service, We provide a synthetical solution based on the information framework of the Web Service.
In this paper we will first make a discuss about the developing actuality of Electronic data exchange and the e-business evolvement, next we will make some detail analyses and comparisons about the specialty of data exchange of business-to-business to construct an extensible general data exchange framework fitting for b2b e-business, then discuss the key technology about data exchange: conversion between XML and RDB, making a deep research on the transforming theory and realizing a general method of transforming between XML documents, and expatiating the current transform rules and realizing technology. At the latter part of the paper, we give out the Application example of collaborative e-business based on the technology of general data exchange, after making some analysis, giving out the implementation model and the actual implementation of the data exchange key modules, also analyse the faultiness as a further research direction reference.
引文
[1] 柴晓路：XML数据环境下基于关系模式的数据交换方法．http://www-900.ibm.com.2001.6
[2] 蒲慷．可扩展通用数据交换框架．电子科技大学硕士学位论文．2002：1-2
[3] 张不同．电子商务数据交换技术．东北财经大学出版社，2002：9-16
[4] 李劲．动态电子商务的Web服务：电子商务的演变．http://WWW-900.ibm.com.2002.8
[5] 柴跃廷，李芳芸，任守渠．基于分布式对象技术的BPR支撑系统．高技术通讯．1999
[6] Judge D W, Odgers B R,Shepherdson J W, et al. Agent-enhanced workflow. BT Technology Journal. 1998,16(3):79-85
[7] 一种异构数据库间的XML接口方案．计算机应用．2001 Vol．21 No．6
[8] German Shegalov, Michael Gillmann, Gerhard Weikum. XML-enabled workflow management for e-services across heterogeneous platforms.VLDB Journal.2001,10(1): 91-103
[9] P.R.S. Visser and Z. Cui Heterogenerous Ontology Structures for Distributed Architectures ECAI-98 Workshop on Application of Ontologies and Problem-solving Methods,Brighton,United Kingdom, 112-119
[10] Extensible Markup Language (XML).1.0. http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml
[11] W3C. XSL Transformations(XSLT) Version 1.0. W3C Recommendation 16 November 1999. http://www.w3.org/TR/XSLT
[12] W3C. XML Path Language (XPath) Version 1.0. W3C Recommendation 16 November 1999. http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath
[13] Roger Wolter.XML Web Service 基础.Microsoft Corporation. 2001.12
[14] Microsoft. MSDN Online Web Services Developer Develper Resources. http://msdn.mocrosoft.com/webservices/default.aspx
[15] W3C.Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) 1.1. W3C Note 08 May 2000. http://www.w3.org/TR/SOAP
[16] W3C.Web Services Description Language (WSDL) 1.1. W3C Note 15
March 2001.http://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl
[17] 柴晓路．Web服务架构与开发互操作技术．北京：清华大学出版社．2002：12-16
[18] W3C XML Schema Part 1: Structures. W3C Reconmmedation 2 May 2001.http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1.
[19] W3C. XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes. W3C Recommendation 02 May 2001.http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/
[20] Mare Clifton. An XML Schema Defination (XSD) Editor. http://www.codeproject.com. 2003
[21] Marc Clifton. An XML Database Schema And Data Editor. http://www.codeproject.com. 2002
[22] Dan Wahlin．基于XML的ASP.NET开发．王宝良．清华大学出版社．2002：49-229
[23] 庄毅 基于XML格式的数据交换的实现 计算机时代Computer Era No．11 2002
[24] 基于XML的数据交换的实现 计算机应用2001 Vol．21 No．4
[25] 徐享忠、王精业、蒋海滨．基于XML的数据交换格式及其应用．计算机工程与设计．Vol．24№．5
[26] 张哲．基于XML的元数据体系的数据交换．计算机工程与应用．2003．10 180-184
[27] John Robert Gardner,Zarella L.Rendon著．飞天工作组译．XSLT和Xpath—XML转换指南．机械工业出版社．2002．4 P45-61
[28] 杨涛 杨晓云 王建桥 高文雅等译．Scott Seely著．SOAP：XML跨平台Web Service开发技术．机械工业出版社．2002．4 P62-124
[29] 王超 张鹏 编写．ASP.NET／XML深入编程技术．中国科学出版集团北京分公司．2002．1 P162-190
[30] 李喆 严春莹 马琳等译．Didier Martin等著．XML高级编程．机械工业出版社．2001．1
[31] Paul J.Burke等著．方力 刘锋 余陈钢译SQL Server 2000 XML高级编程．中国电力出版社．2002．5．P255-275
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程(第二版)．清华大学出版社．2003．3 P59-74
[33] 徐州 黄上腾．基于XML实现数据库间信息交换的方法．计算机工程Vol1．27 No 4
[34] 章峰 王军 王宏安 戴国忠．基于XML的企业信息集成平台实现及应用．计算机工程与应用．2001．24 P123-125
[35] 吴扬扬 陈锻生．一个基于XML的Web信息源集成方案．计算机工程与应用．2001．10
[36] 庄子明．基于XML的数据库技术及应用．计算机工程．Vol．28 No 1
[37] 王伟平 陈松乔 陈建二．基于XML的Web异种数据库操作模型的研究．计算机工程与应用．2002．07
[38] 肖延松 孟波 熊德林 杨子晨．基于XML德数据交换在分布式Web系统种的应用．电脑与信息技术．2002．1
[39] 王捷 林锦国.XML数据交换技术在电子商务系统中的应用．南京化工大学学报．Vol．23 NO．5
[40] 栗松涛 李春文 孙政顺．基于XML的B／S体系数据模型．计算机工程与应用．2001．18
[41] 黎梅．B2B电子商务模式研究．北京机械工业学院学报．2001．16(4)
[42] 李琦 刘晓艳 王利荣．电子商务案例分析．西安交通大学出版社．2001
[43] 郑小平.NET精髓—Web服务原理与开发．人民邮电出版社．2002
[44] W3C. XML Schema.http://www.w3.org/XML/Schema
[45] World Wide Web Consortiun.http://www.w3.org/
[46] http://xml.coverpages.org/
[47] IBM. http://www.ibm.com/developer/xml/
[48] XMLEDI group. http://www.xmldei.org/
[49] ebxml organization, http://www.ebxml.org/
[50] Microsoft. MSDN online, http://msdn.microsoft.com/xml/
[51] Sal Mangano. XSLT Cookbook. O'Reilly.
[52] Bob DuCharme. XSLT Quickly. Manning Publication Co. 2001.3
[53] David Jorgensen. Develping.NET Web Services with XML. Syngress Publishing ,Inc. 2002
[54] GradyBooch,JamesRumbaugh,Ivarjacobson.The Unified Modeling
Language User Guide. Addison-Wesley, 1999
[55] http://www.codeproject.com
[56] http://www.csdn.net
[57] http://msdn.Microsoft.com/webservices/
[58] http://www.xml.net.cn
[59] http://www.webservices.org
[60] Ethan Cerami. Web Services Essentials. O'Reilly. 2002
[61] Zhan, Yunsong. XML-based data intergration for application interoperability. Phd,UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI,DISSERTATIONS, AAT 3062441,2002
[62] Widom J.Data Management for XML.IEEE Data Engineering Bulletin Special Issue on XML, 1999,22(3):45-52
[2] 蒲慷．可扩展通用数据交换框架．电子科技大学硕士学位论文．2002：1-2
[3] 张不同．电子商务数据交换技术．东北财经大学出版社，2002：9-16
[4] 李劲．动态电子商务的Web服务：电子商务的演变．http://WWW-900.ibm.com.2002.8
[5] 柴跃廷，李芳芸，任守渠．基于分布式对象技术的BPR支撑系统．高技术通讯．1999
[6] Judge D W, Odgers B R,Shepherdson J W, et al. Agent-enhanced workflow. BT Technology Journal. 1998,16(3):79-85
[7] 一种异构数据库间的XML接口方案．计算机应用．2001 Vol．21 No．6
[8] German Shegalov, Michael Gillmann, Gerhard Weikum. XML-enabled workflow management for e-services across heterogeneous platforms.VLDB Journal.2001,10(1): 91-103
[9] P.R.S. Visser and Z. Cui Heterogenerous Ontology Structures for Distributed Architectures ECAI-98 Workshop on Application of Ontologies and Problem-solving Methods,Brighton,United Kingdom, 112-119
[10] Extensible Markup Language (XML).1.0. http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml
[11] W3C. XSL Transformations(XSLT) Version 1.0. W3C Recommendation 16 November 1999. http://www.w3.org/TR/XSLT
[12] W3C. XML Path Language (XPath) Version 1.0. W3C Recommendation 16 November 1999. http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath
[13] Roger Wolter.XML Web Service 基础.Microsoft Corporation. 2001.12
[14] Microsoft. MSDN Online Web Services Developer Develper Resources. http://msdn.mocrosoft.com/webservices/default.aspx
[15] W3C.Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) 1.1. W3C Note 08 May 2000. http://www.w3.org/TR/SOAP
[16] W3C.Web Services Description Language (WSDL) 1.1. W3C Note 15
March 2001.http://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl
[17] 柴晓路．Web服务架构与开发互操作技术．北京：清华大学出版社．2002：12-16
[18] W3C XML Schema Part 1: Structures. W3C Reconmmedation 2 May 2001.http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1.
[19] W3C. XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes. W3C Recommendation 02 May 2001.http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/
[20] Mare Clifton. An XML Schema Defination (XSD) Editor. http://www.codeproject.com. 2003
[21] Marc Clifton. An XML Database Schema And Data Editor. http://www.codeproject.com. 2002
[22] Dan Wahlin．基于XML的ASP.NET开发．王宝良．清华大学出版社．2002：49-229
[23] 庄毅 基于XML格式的数据交换的实现 计算机时代Computer Era No．11 2002
[24] 基于XML的数据交换的实现 计算机应用2001 Vol．21 No．4
[25] 徐享忠、王精业、蒋海滨．基于XML的数据交换格式及其应用．计算机工程与设计．Vol．24№．5
[26] 张哲．基于XML的元数据体系的数据交换．计算机工程与应用．2003．10 180-184
[27] John Robert Gardner,Zarella L.Rendon著．飞天工作组译．XSLT和Xpath—XML转换指南．机械工业出版社．2002．4 P45-61
[28] 杨涛 杨晓云 王建桥 高文雅等译．Scott Seely著．SOAP：XML跨平台Web Service开发技术．机械工业出版社．2002．4 P62-124
[29] 王超 张鹏 编写．ASP.NET／XML深入编程技术．中国科学出版集团北京分公司．2002．1 P162-190
[30] 李喆 严春莹 马琳等译．Didier Martin等著．XML高级编程．机械工业出版社．2001．1
[31] Paul J.Burke等著．方力 刘锋 余陈钢译SQL Server 2000 XML高级编程．中国电力出版社．2002．5．P255-275
[32] Graeme Malcolm著 孙瑛霖 梁超译 SQL Server 2000与XML数据库编
程(第二版)．清华大学出版社．2003．3 P59-74
[33] 徐州 黄上腾．基于XML实现数据库间信息交换的方法．计算机工程Vol1．27 No 4
[34] 章峰 王军 王宏安 戴国忠．基于XML的企业信息集成平台实现及应用．计算机工程与应用．2001．24 P123-125
[35] 吴扬扬 陈锻生．一个基于XML的Web信息源集成方案．计算机工程与应用．2001．10
[36] 庄子明．基于XML的数据库技术及应用．计算机工程．Vol．28 No 1
[37] 王伟平 陈松乔 陈建二．基于XML的Web异种数据库操作模型的研究．计算机工程与应用．2002．07
[38] 肖延松 孟波 熊德林 杨子晨．基于XML德数据交换在分布式Web系统种的应用．电脑与信息技术．2002．1
[39] 王捷 林锦国.XML数据交换技术在电子商务系统中的应用．南京化工大学学报．Vol．23 NO．5
[40] 栗松涛 李春文 孙政顺．基于XML的B／S体系数据模型．计算机工程与应用．2001．18
[41] 黎梅．B2B电子商务模式研究．北京机械工业学院学报．2001．16(4)
[42] 李琦 刘晓艳 王利荣．电子商务案例分析．西安交通大学出版社．2001
[43] 郑小平.NET精髓—Web服务原理与开发．人民邮电出版社．2002
[44] W3C. XML Schema.http://www.w3.org/XML/Schema
[45] World Wide Web Consortiun.http://www.w3.org/
[46] http://xml.coverpages.org/
[47] IBM. http://www.ibm.com/developer/xml/
[48] XMLEDI group. http://www.xmldei.org/
[49] ebxml organization, http://www.ebxml.org/
[50] Microsoft. MSDN online, http://msdn.microsoft.com/xml/
[51] Sal Mangano. XSLT Cookbook. O'Reilly.
[52] Bob DuCharme. XSLT Quickly. Manning Publication Co. 2001.3
[53] David Jorgensen. Develping.NET Web Services with XML. Syngress Publishing ,Inc. 2002
[54] GradyBooch,JamesRumbaugh,Ivarjacobson.The Unified Modeling
Language User Guide. Addison-Wesley, 1999
[55] http://www.codeproject.com
[56] http://www.csdn.net
[57] http://msdn.Microsoft.com/webservices/
[58] http://www.xml.net.cn
[59] http://www.webservices.org
[60] Ethan Cerami. Web Services Essentials. O'Reilly. 2002
[61] Zhan, Yunsong. XML-based data intergration for application interoperability. Phd,UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI,DISSERTATIONS, AAT 3062441,2002
[62] Widom J.Data Management for XML.IEEE Data Engineering Bulletin Special Issue on XML, 1999,22(3):45-52