芦荟提取物的制备工艺及质量标准研究
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摘要
芦荟提取物是以芦荟药材为原料,采用大孔树脂吸附纯化的芦荟提取物,芦荟为百合科植物库拉索芦荟Aloe Barbadensis Miller、好望角芦荟Aloe ferox Miller或其他同属近缘植物叶的汁液浓缩干燥物。现代研究证明,芦荟具有抗癌、抗炎、抗病毒、抗菌杀虫、解热保肝、增强免疫等功效,且广泛应用于医药工业、日用化工、美容化妆和食品保健等各个领域,因而芦荟是一种具有经济价值的药用植物。蒽醌类和芦荟多糖是芦荟中的主要有效成分,具有消炎、抗病毒、泻下、抗癌、抗衰老、护肤美容等功效。目前芦荟的提取方法主要有溶剂提取法和超声提取法,但是这些传统的提取方法收率较低,提取物纯度低,污染严重,不适合工业化生产。
目前还没有有关用大孔吸附树脂富集纯化芦荟有效成分的报道。本论文以芦荟中蒽醌类成分和芦荟多糖的总收率为考察指标,对大孔吸附树脂富集纯化芦荟有效成分的制备工艺进行了研究,并对芦荟提取物的质量标准进行了研究。
以芦荟苷含量为指标,采用单因素考察和正交试验,确定了芦荟提取液的最佳提取工艺:提取乙醇浓度50%、料液比1:15、提取次数2次、每次提取时间60min、提取溶剂的最佳pH值为5;以芦荟苷含量为考察指标,从静态吸附率和静态解吸附率两个方面研究了五种不同型号的大孔吸附树脂对芦荟总蒽醌的吸附性能,结果表明,D101型大孔吸附树脂对芦荟提取液中的蒽醌类成分的交换吸附能力最强,芦荟苷的最大静态吸附量可达16.10mg/g,ADS-8型大孔吸附树脂的吸附能力次之,ADS-17型的交换吸附能力最低,由此可知D101型大孔吸附树脂能够大幅度富集芦荟提取液中的蒽醌类成分;以芦荟苷含量为考察指标,考察确定了D101型大孔吸附树脂对芦荟总蒽醌的最佳交换吸附参数是:上柱液质量浓度10mg/ml,上柱液最佳pH值为4,洗脱液为70%乙醇,静态洗脱率可达到84.19%,最佳吸附温度为20℃;以芦荟多糖含量为指标,考察确定了D101型大孔吸附树脂对芦荟多糖的富集纯化最优工艺为:上样液通过D101型大孔吸附树脂吸附后,以水为洗脱剂洗脱,芦荟多糖的含量由5.45%提高到9.51%,达到一定的富集纯化作用。
建立了HPLC法测定芦荟提取物中芦荟苷含量的方法,并进行了方法学考察,根据中试试验结果制定了芦荟提取物中芦荟苷含量限度为按干燥品计算,含芦荟苷(C21H22O9)不得少于24%;分别建立了分光光度法测定芦荟提取物中总蒽醌和总多糖含量的方法,并进行了方法学考察,根据中试试验结果制定了芦荟提取物中含量限度为按干燥品计算,总蒽醌不得少于50%,总多糖不得少于9%。
建立了以芦荟苷为对照品的薄层色谱法鉴别方法,保留了《中国药典》2005年版一部芦荟药材的两种鉴别方法;研究制订了水分不得超过5.0%,炽灼残渣不得过0.8%,重金属不得过百万分之十的含量限度。
本实验以芦荟有效部位的富集纯化为目的,建立了一种用大孔吸附树脂富集纯化有效部位的方法,研究结果表明:D101型大孔吸附树脂富集纯化芦荟总蒽醌和芦荟多糖的方法可取,具有好的应用前景,并通过中试实验验证了该工艺工业化生产的可行性。根据实验结果,拟订了芦荟提取物质量标准草案及其起草说明,为芦荟提取物质量标准体系的建立奠定了基础,为芦荟提取物的进一步加工和开发奠定了基础。
Aloe extract is the extraction of Aloe, which is purified by Macroreticular Resin , Aloe is the concentrated and dry extraction of Aloe Barbadensis Miller, Aloe ferox Miller and other plants of the same category.The modern researches express that tha Aloe has many efficiencies,Such as anti-cancer,anti-inflammation,anti-virus,anti-bacterium and desinsection,antifebrile and liver-protected,strengthen immunity etc.And it was used for various area such as medicine industry,daily use industry,cosmetic and make-up,food and health care etc.So,the Aloe is a kind of medicine plant that has higher economic value.The Anthraquinones and Polysaccharides in A.vera L.Var Chinensis Berg are the main active ingredients for medicine,have efficiencies suchasanti-bacterium,reduce inflammation,purgation,anti-cancer,anti-decrepitude etc. Nowadays,the existing main extraction methods are solvent-extraction method and ultrasonic extraction method,but these traditional extraction methods have defects of low extraction yield,severe pollution,industrialize difficult etc.
Up to this point,there has no report of Macroreticular Resin extract aloe,but the feasibility of it has been argued.This paper take the overall yield of Anthraquinones and Polysaccharides as inspection target,studied the technology of extracting active principles ftom aloe by Macroreticular Resin and studied the Quantitative standard of extraction.
With Aloin as investigation target the single factor tests and orthogonal experimental design methods L9(34)were applied to analyse the influence of each factor in ethanol consentration,the best extraction condition of reflux extraction:50% ethanol as solvent,ratio of material to liquid 1:15 (ml/g);extract 2 times with 60min each time;the best PH5. The adsorption and desorption capacity of five resins were compared,the preparation of adsorption and purification of Aloe total anthraquiones and Polysaccharides were selected with Aloin as investigation target;Study the absorption capacity of D101,and to optimize the process of adsorption in the pH of sample、adsorption temperature、the sample volume、elution solvent etc.The Aloe polysaccharide enrichment and purification were also inspected.The result shows that the best extraction condition of reflux extraction; 50% ethanol as solvent,ratio of material to liquid 1:15 (ml/g);extract 2 times with 60min each time;the best pH5; The adsorption capacity of D101resin is the best and the stastic exchange capacity reached 16.10mg/g ,ADS-8 resin adsorption capacity of the second , the exchange of ADS-17 adsorption capacity is minimum.D101 resin can be substantially enriched anthraquinones substances in pH4 of aloe extraction; The appropriate adsorption conditions were: concentration of extract 10mg/ml,the pH of extraction 4.0,eluant with 70% ethanol desorption better,the effect of desorption was satisfactory,the desorption rate of static state can reach 84.19%,the best temperature of absorption 20℃;Water as desorption eluant,after enrichment and purification,the content of Aloe polysaccharide reached to 9.51% from 5.45%,up to a certain concentration and purification role.
Establish the method-HPLCto determinate the content of Aloin,and study the method.According to the test results in the development of Aloe extract ,the Aloin contention shall be not less 24% by HPLC limit on dry goods.Establish the spectrophotometry to determinate the content of anthraquinone and polysaccharide in Aloe extract,and study the method, the anthraquinone contention shall be not less50%,total polysaccharide contention shall be not less9%by spectrophotometry limit on dry goods.
Establish the identification method of TLC,Aloin as reference substance,retained identification methods of Aloe in the《Chinese pharmacopoeia》2005version;study and formulate water should not exceed 5.0%,chi-burning residue shall not exceed0.8%,heavy metals may not be over 10millionths of content limit.
In this experiment,the purpose is enriching and purificating the effective site from Aloe , established the enrichment and purification methods with Macroreticular Resin,the research shows that D101 resin is feasible to enrich and purify anthraquinone and Aloe polysaccharides,with good potential applications, and this technologyis applied to industrial production through the test.According to the experimental results,the paper has composed the Aloe extract quantitative standard draft and draft explanation,laid the foundation for the further processing and development of the Aloe’s extraction.
目前还没有有关用大孔吸附树脂富集纯化芦荟有效成分的报道。本论文以芦荟中蒽醌类成分和芦荟多糖的总收率为考察指标,对大孔吸附树脂富集纯化芦荟有效成分的制备工艺进行了研究,并对芦荟提取物的质量标准进行了研究。
以芦荟苷含量为指标,采用单因素考察和正交试验,确定了芦荟提取液的最佳提取工艺:提取乙醇浓度50%、料液比1:15、提取次数2次、每次提取时间60min、提取溶剂的最佳pH值为5;以芦荟苷含量为考察指标,从静态吸附率和静态解吸附率两个方面研究了五种不同型号的大孔吸附树脂对芦荟总蒽醌的吸附性能,结果表明,D101型大孔吸附树脂对芦荟提取液中的蒽醌类成分的交换吸附能力最强,芦荟苷的最大静态吸附量可达16.10mg/g,ADS-8型大孔吸附树脂的吸附能力次之,ADS-17型的交换吸附能力最低,由此可知D101型大孔吸附树脂能够大幅度富集芦荟提取液中的蒽醌类成分;以芦荟苷含量为考察指标,考察确定了D101型大孔吸附树脂对芦荟总蒽醌的最佳交换吸附参数是:上柱液质量浓度10mg/ml,上柱液最佳pH值为4,洗脱液为70%乙醇,静态洗脱率可达到84.19%,最佳吸附温度为20℃;以芦荟多糖含量为指标,考察确定了D101型大孔吸附树脂对芦荟多糖的富集纯化最优工艺为:上样液通过D101型大孔吸附树脂吸附后,以水为洗脱剂洗脱,芦荟多糖的含量由5.45%提高到9.51%,达到一定的富集纯化作用。
建立了HPLC法测定芦荟提取物中芦荟苷含量的方法,并进行了方法学考察,根据中试试验结果制定了芦荟提取物中芦荟苷含量限度为按干燥品计算,含芦荟苷(C21H22O9)不得少于24%;分别建立了分光光度法测定芦荟提取物中总蒽醌和总多糖含量的方法,并进行了方法学考察,根据中试试验结果制定了芦荟提取物中含量限度为按干燥品计算,总蒽醌不得少于50%,总多糖不得少于9%。
建立了以芦荟苷为对照品的薄层色谱法鉴别方法,保留了《中国药典》2005年版一部芦荟药材的两种鉴别方法;研究制订了水分不得超过5.0%,炽灼残渣不得过0.8%,重金属不得过百万分之十的含量限度。
本实验以芦荟有效部位的富集纯化为目的,建立了一种用大孔吸附树脂富集纯化有效部位的方法,研究结果表明:D101型大孔吸附树脂富集纯化芦荟总蒽醌和芦荟多糖的方法可取,具有好的应用前景,并通过中试实验验证了该工艺工业化生产的可行性。根据实验结果,拟订了芦荟提取物质量标准草案及其起草说明,为芦荟提取物质量标准体系的建立奠定了基础,为芦荟提取物的进一步加工和开发奠定了基础。
Aloe extract is the extraction of Aloe, which is purified by Macroreticular Resin , Aloe is the concentrated and dry extraction of Aloe Barbadensis Miller, Aloe ferox Miller and other plants of the same category.The modern researches express that tha Aloe has many efficiencies,Such as anti-cancer,anti-inflammation,anti-virus,anti-bacterium and desinsection,antifebrile and liver-protected,strengthen immunity etc.And it was used for various area such as medicine industry,daily use industry,cosmetic and make-up,food and health care etc.So,the Aloe is a kind of medicine plant that has higher economic value.The Anthraquinones and Polysaccharides in A.vera L.Var Chinensis Berg are the main active ingredients for medicine,have efficiencies suchasanti-bacterium,reduce inflammation,purgation,anti-cancer,anti-decrepitude etc. Nowadays,the existing main extraction methods are solvent-extraction method and ultrasonic extraction method,but these traditional extraction methods have defects of low extraction yield,severe pollution,industrialize difficult etc.
Up to this point,there has no report of Macroreticular Resin extract aloe,but the feasibility of it has been argued.This paper take the overall yield of Anthraquinones and Polysaccharides as inspection target,studied the technology of extracting active principles ftom aloe by Macroreticular Resin and studied the Quantitative standard of extraction.
With Aloin as investigation target the single factor tests and orthogonal experimental design methods L9(34)were applied to analyse the influence of each factor in ethanol consentration,the best extraction condition of reflux extraction:50% ethanol as solvent,ratio of material to liquid 1:15 (ml/g);extract 2 times with 60min each time;the best PH5. The adsorption and desorption capacity of five resins were compared,the preparation of adsorption and purification of Aloe total anthraquiones and Polysaccharides were selected with Aloin as investigation target;Study the absorption capacity of D101,and to optimize the process of adsorption in the pH of sample、adsorption temperature、the sample volume、elution solvent etc.The Aloe polysaccharide enrichment and purification were also inspected.The result shows that the best extraction condition of reflux extraction; 50% ethanol as solvent,ratio of material to liquid 1:15 (ml/g);extract 2 times with 60min each time;the best pH5; The adsorption capacity of D101resin is the best and the stastic exchange capacity reached 16.10mg/g ,ADS-8 resin adsorption capacity of the second , the exchange of ADS-17 adsorption capacity is minimum.D101 resin can be substantially enriched anthraquinones substances in pH4 of aloe extraction; The appropriate adsorption conditions were: concentration of extract 10mg/ml,the pH of extraction 4.0,eluant with 70% ethanol desorption better,the effect of desorption was satisfactory,the desorption rate of static state can reach 84.19%,the best temperature of absorption 20℃;Water as desorption eluant,after enrichment and purification,the content of Aloe polysaccharide reached to 9.51% from 5.45%,up to a certain concentration and purification role.
Establish the method-HPLCto determinate the content of Aloin,and study the method.According to the test results in the development of Aloe extract ,the Aloin contention shall be not less 24% by HPLC limit on dry goods.Establish the spectrophotometry to determinate the content of anthraquinone and polysaccharide in Aloe extract,and study the method, the anthraquinone contention shall be not less50%,total polysaccharide contention shall be not less9%by spectrophotometry limit on dry goods.
Establish the identification method of TLC,Aloin as reference substance,retained identification methods of Aloe in the《Chinese pharmacopoeia》2005version;study and formulate water should not exceed 5.0%,chi-burning residue shall not exceed0.8%,heavy metals may not be over 10millionths of content limit.
In this experiment,the purpose is enriching and purificating the effective site from Aloe , established the enrichment and purification methods with Macroreticular Resin,the research shows that D101 resin is feasible to enrich and purify anthraquinone and Aloe polysaccharides,with good potential applications, and this technologyis applied to industrial production through the test.According to the experimental results,the paper has composed the Aloe extract quantitative standard draft and draft explanation,laid the foundation for the further processing and development of the Aloe’s extraction.
引文
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