基于PDA的原子荧光光度计控制系统的研究与开发
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摘要
智能掌上设备和无线科技的迅猛发展对仪器控制领域产生了深刻的影响,利用集合了无线通信技术的PDA来控制仪器的方式弥补了传统台式计算机通过串口控制仪器存在的移动性能差、布线困难等不足,充分发挥了人的智能和机器智能协同工作的优势。本文利用PDA通过蓝牙无线通信方式实现对原子荧光光度计的控制正是基于上述考虑提出的。
论文主要开发并实现了以下几方面内容:
在对北京科创海光仪器有限公司生产的AFS-3100型双道原子荧光光度计PC控制系统调研的基础上实现该控制系统从PC机到PDA的移植。完成Windows Mobile 5.0系统下基于.Net Compact Framework托管代码的智能设备应用程序开发;通过蓝牙管理器实现PDA与仪器的蓝牙配对连接后,根据该仪器的通信接口协议由虚拟串口实现对仪器的控制和操作,其中包括联机通讯、仪器自检、仪器条件设置和测量相关等模块;根据原子荧光光谱分析原理对双道初始测量数据进行相关数据处理,显示并保存最终测量结果,实现了利用PDA对AFS-3100进行现场控制、数据采集和处理等功能。本系统现已在北京科创海光仪器有限公司测试运行。
Atomic fluorescence spectrometer has been widely used in Environmental protection, water quality monitoring, food hygiene, disease control, and other fields in our country, and it has become a national standard method of heavy metals detection in the disease control, food safety, drinking water and mineral water fields. However, as the instrument relies on the traditional desktop computer control mode through serial port, it has the deficiency of poor mobility and hard wiring in the place where scene environment is complex. For this reason, take advantage of portable mobile control technology and wireless communication technology to control the equipment, gives full play to the advantage of the mobility of PDA and the wireless communication of Bluetooth, creates a work pattern of controlling and accessing information of equipment anytime and anywhere, gives full play to the advantage of the people's intelligence and intelligent equipments working together. The main task of this paper is to design and implement the top software control system on the PDA using the wireless communication of Bluetooth for AFS-3100 atomic fluorescence spectrometer, a production of the BEIJING KECHUANG HAIGUANG INSTRUMENT Co., Ltd.
This paper based on. Net Compact Framework technology, designed and implemented the control system running on the Windows Mobile operating system for AFS-3100 atomic fluorescence spectrometer, successfully transplanted the main functions of the instrument’s control system from desktop to the PDA. The system mainly consists of three parts: the establishment of Bluetooth connectivity between PDA and AFS-3100, the control procedures of the instrument on PDA, and data processing.
1、The control system uses the Bluetooth manager which the operation system includes to search and connect Bluetooth devices, takes advantages of the SerialPort operation class offered by .Net Compact Framework to control the Bluetooth virtual serial port in the virtual serial environment built by the RFCOMM serial simulation protocol in the Bluetooth protocol stacks, so as to complete the wireless control based on Bluetooth virtual serial port. .Net Compact Framework is the subset of .Net Framework full-featured version, inherits .NET Framework's common language runtime architecture for running managed code, provides the interoperability of application procedures and personal mobile devices (Windows CE operating system). .Net Compact Framework offers multiple methods of the Read and Write method supported by the SerialPort class to read and send data in the buffer. Use the control system of AFS-3100 to send parameters、detect samples and control operations must comply with the communication protocol of the instrument, this paper uses the query method to receive the data of AFS-3100 so as to resolve the data losing phenomenon may be happened incidentally in the event driven method.
2、The control procedures of the instrument on PDA is the operating and management area of the whole instrument control system. It is in charge of equipment performance testing, measurement conditions settings, measurement process control and displaying and preserving the measurement results. The whole process are all based on the SerialPort class offered by .Net Compact Framework to implement the parameters sending and data receiving through virtual serial port. According to the PC control system of AFS-3100, designed and implemented the PDA control system of the instrument, complied the transplant of the control system successfully. Among the function modules, the linking communication module takes charge of the Bluetooth connectivity between PDA and AFS-3100; the equipment self-inspection module contains gas circuit self-inspection, intermittent flow circuit system self-inspection and automatic sampler self-inspection; the instrument work conditions settings takes charge of setting the instrument conditions, measurement conditions, intermittent flow procedure conditions, automatic sampler parameter and standard sample parameters of A/B channel, it is the necessary part to operate the instrument; the measurement of standard blank and sample black, drawing standard curve and the measurement of sample implement the control of AFS-3100. The storage and call of data uses the SaveFileDialog class and OpenFileDialog class provided by .Net Framework. The control system uses a fixed text format to preserve the measurement results every time. User selects the relevant file and call it will open the file and display the data in the right place.
3、Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy method belongs to relative measurement method, needs to identify the quantitative relationship equation between the density of tested element and the fluorescence signal intensity detected by the instrument. Based on the known equation, according to the magnitude of the fluorescence signal intensity from the sample detected by the instrument, the data processing module will calculate the density of the element in the sample. In the practical work, generally uses the regression analysis method to process the initial data provided by AFS-3100, then sets up the regression equation between the density of tested element and the fluorescence signal intensity, and at last obtain the quantitative relationship equation. In the process of a certain measurement the control system processes the initial data returned from the instrument in real-time, then draws the simulation monitoring curve; when this measurement finishes, it will calculate the result of the sample measurement based on the standard curve drew by an order linear regression algorithm or second-order non-linear regression algorithm. The precision algorithm and the detection limit algorithm of the instrument are relational with the performance of the instrument. They separately represent the detection ability and the stability of the instrument, are important technical parameters of Atomic fluorescence spectrometer.
The control system referred to in this paper is applying and testing in the BEIJING KECHUANG HAIGUANG INSTRUMENT Co., Ltd. The system’s inadequacy includes the following points: depends on the Bluetooth manager which the operation system includes to search and connect with the instrument’s Bluetooth module, user should build up the Bluetooth connection themselves before using the system. In addition, the resource of the PDA is limited; repeatedly use of the controls influence the start-up time of the system; and how to display the data much reasonable on the showing forms are all needed to be improved in future work.
论文主要开发并实现了以下几方面内容:
在对北京科创海光仪器有限公司生产的AFS-3100型双道原子荧光光度计PC控制系统调研的基础上实现该控制系统从PC机到PDA的移植。完成Windows Mobile 5.0系统下基于.Net Compact Framework托管代码的智能设备应用程序开发;通过蓝牙管理器实现PDA与仪器的蓝牙配对连接后,根据该仪器的通信接口协议由虚拟串口实现对仪器的控制和操作,其中包括联机通讯、仪器自检、仪器条件设置和测量相关等模块;根据原子荧光光谱分析原理对双道初始测量数据进行相关数据处理,显示并保存最终测量结果,实现了利用PDA对AFS-3100进行现场控制、数据采集和处理等功能。本系统现已在北京科创海光仪器有限公司测试运行。
Atomic fluorescence spectrometer has been widely used in Environmental protection, water quality monitoring, food hygiene, disease control, and other fields in our country, and it has become a national standard method of heavy metals detection in the disease control, food safety, drinking water and mineral water fields. However, as the instrument relies on the traditional desktop computer control mode through serial port, it has the deficiency of poor mobility and hard wiring in the place where scene environment is complex. For this reason, take advantage of portable mobile control technology and wireless communication technology to control the equipment, gives full play to the advantage of the mobility of PDA and the wireless communication of Bluetooth, creates a work pattern of controlling and accessing information of equipment anytime and anywhere, gives full play to the advantage of the people's intelligence and intelligent equipments working together. The main task of this paper is to design and implement the top software control system on the PDA using the wireless communication of Bluetooth for AFS-3100 atomic fluorescence spectrometer, a production of the BEIJING KECHUANG HAIGUANG INSTRUMENT Co., Ltd.
This paper based on. Net Compact Framework technology, designed and implemented the control system running on the Windows Mobile operating system for AFS-3100 atomic fluorescence spectrometer, successfully transplanted the main functions of the instrument’s control system from desktop to the PDA. The system mainly consists of three parts: the establishment of Bluetooth connectivity between PDA and AFS-3100, the control procedures of the instrument on PDA, and data processing.
1、The control system uses the Bluetooth manager which the operation system includes to search and connect Bluetooth devices, takes advantages of the SerialPort operation class offered by .Net Compact Framework to control the Bluetooth virtual serial port in the virtual serial environment built by the RFCOMM serial simulation protocol in the Bluetooth protocol stacks, so as to complete the wireless control based on Bluetooth virtual serial port. .Net Compact Framework is the subset of .Net Framework full-featured version, inherits .NET Framework's common language runtime architecture for running managed code, provides the interoperability of application procedures and personal mobile devices (Windows CE operating system). .Net Compact Framework offers multiple methods of the Read and Write method supported by the SerialPort class to read and send data in the buffer. Use the control system of AFS-3100 to send parameters、detect samples and control operations must comply with the communication protocol of the instrument, this paper uses the query method to receive the data of AFS-3100 so as to resolve the data losing phenomenon may be happened incidentally in the event driven method.
2、The control procedures of the instrument on PDA is the operating and management area of the whole instrument control system. It is in charge of equipment performance testing, measurement conditions settings, measurement process control and displaying and preserving the measurement results. The whole process are all based on the SerialPort class offered by .Net Compact Framework to implement the parameters sending and data receiving through virtual serial port. According to the PC control system of AFS-3100, designed and implemented the PDA control system of the instrument, complied the transplant of the control system successfully. Among the function modules, the linking communication module takes charge of the Bluetooth connectivity between PDA and AFS-3100; the equipment self-inspection module contains gas circuit self-inspection, intermittent flow circuit system self-inspection and automatic sampler self-inspection; the instrument work conditions settings takes charge of setting the instrument conditions, measurement conditions, intermittent flow procedure conditions, automatic sampler parameter and standard sample parameters of A/B channel, it is the necessary part to operate the instrument; the measurement of standard blank and sample black, drawing standard curve and the measurement of sample implement the control of AFS-3100. The storage and call of data uses the SaveFileDialog class and OpenFileDialog class provided by .Net Framework. The control system uses a fixed text format to preserve the measurement results every time. User selects the relevant file and call it will open the file and display the data in the right place.
3、Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy method belongs to relative measurement method, needs to identify the quantitative relationship equation between the density of tested element and the fluorescence signal intensity detected by the instrument. Based on the known equation, according to the magnitude of the fluorescence signal intensity from the sample detected by the instrument, the data processing module will calculate the density of the element in the sample. In the practical work, generally uses the regression analysis method to process the initial data provided by AFS-3100, then sets up the regression equation between the density of tested element and the fluorescence signal intensity, and at last obtain the quantitative relationship equation. In the process of a certain measurement the control system processes the initial data returned from the instrument in real-time, then draws the simulation monitoring curve; when this measurement finishes, it will calculate the result of the sample measurement based on the standard curve drew by an order linear regression algorithm or second-order non-linear regression algorithm. The precision algorithm and the detection limit algorithm of the instrument are relational with the performance of the instrument. They separately represent the detection ability and the stability of the instrument, are important technical parameters of Atomic fluorescence spectrometer.
The control system referred to in this paper is applying and testing in the BEIJING KECHUANG HAIGUANG INSTRUMENT Co., Ltd. The system’s inadequacy includes the following points: depends on the Bluetooth manager which the operation system includes to search and connect with the instrument’s Bluetooth module, user should build up the Bluetooth connection themselves before using the system. In addition, the resource of the PDA is limited; repeatedly use of the controls influence the start-up time of the system; and how to display the data much reasonable on the showing forms are all needed to be improved in future work.
引文
[1] 周志恒.多通道氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱仪的研制[博士学位论文].长春:吉林大学地球探测与信息技术专业,2006:10-38
[2] 应雪峰,齐华等. 蓝牙技术在实时数据传输系统中的应用研究[J]. 西安工业学院学报,2005,25(3):214-219
[3] 刘星,王晋等. 蓝牙和 PDA 在电能表现场检验中的应用[J]. 电测与仪表,2005,42(474):29-31.
[4] 雷保珍,李军等. 基于 Windows CE 的 PDA 与数控机床通信技术的研究实现[J].现代制造工程,2007,8:27-29
[5] 白炜,刘月松等.基于 Windows CE.NET 实现蓝牙通讯模块的几种方法[J].国外电子测量技术,2006,25(9):27-31
[6] Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 MSDN 文档http://www.microsoft.com/china/net/default.mspx
[7] AFS-3100 双道原子荧光光度计使用说明书.北京科创海光仪器有限公司
[8] 北京科创海光仪器有限公司产品中心 http://www.kchaiguang.com/
[9] 微软英文技术论坛 Visual Basic Express Edition 版、Smart Devices VB and C# Projects 版:http://forums.microsoft.com/MSDN/default.aspx?SiteID=1
[10] 非色散原子荧光光度计检定规程
[11] 周明发,王治森等. 无线通信在机器人及数控机床中的应用[J]. 制造业自动化,2006,28(9):58-61
[12] 马晋兴,陈启军. 蓝牙协议栈中 RFCOMM 协议层的分析与实现[J].计算机工程,2004,30(8):112-113
[13] 李捷、程云志等著.Visual Basic 2005 程序设计教程.机械工业出版社,2007
[14] 李鸿吉. Visual Basic 6.0 数理统计实用算法.科学出版社,2003.9 560-565
[15] Douglas Boling 著,北京博彦科技发展有限公司 译. Microsoft Windows CE 程序设计,1999
[16] 王春山,李久熙等. 基于 PDA 操作的智能用电监察系统[J].农业网络信息,2006,9:70-72
[17] 杨孙永,张永红等. 一种基于掌上电脑的便携心电血压监护仪[J]. 航天医学与医学工程,2005,18(1):66-71
[18] 贺洪江,何明星等. 基于 DSP 的无线不平衡牵引电流测量仪[J].工矿自动化,2007,4:61-63
[19] 曾永进.以蓝牙为基础的无线可携式心电图量测系统[硕士学位论文].台湾:逢甲大学自动控制工程学系,2005
[20] 胡凡.蓝牙和 GPS 综合技术在用电检查系统中的应用研究[硕士学位论文]. 杭州:浙江大学电子科学与技术专业,2007
[21] 曹斌.基于移动控制的新型数控系统中的蓝牙通信技术及其实现方法[硕士学位论文].合肥:合肥工业大学机器制造及其自动化专业,2005
[22] 章建科.基于 Windows CE.NET 的新型数控系统编程模型和蓝牙通信技术的研究[硕士学位论文].合肥:合肥工业大学机械电子工程专业,2006
[23] 阎涛.蓝牙无线通信技术在电能质量监测系统中应用的研究[硕士学位论文].北京:清华大学电气工程专业,2006
[24] 刘培梅.后方仓库弹药信息智能管理系统开发——PDA应用程序及蓝牙通讯开发[硕士学位论文].济南:山东大学机械电子工程专业,2007
[25] Brian Siler 著,吴巧泉等译. Visual Basic.Net 实用全书. 电子工业出版社,2002
[26] H.M.Deitel 著,王慧英等译.Visual Basic .Net 程序设计专家指南.机械工业出版社,2003
[27] 付军著.Visual Basic.NET 实用编程 100 例.中国铁道出版社,2003
[28] Learn how JSR-82 and OBEX can be used to transfer files from client to server http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/wireless/
[29] Matthew D’Souza, Adam Postula, Neil Bergmann, “A Bluetooth Based Protocol for Multimedia Guidebooks on Mobile Computing Devices”, 2nd International Conference on E-Business and Telecommunication Networks, Reading, United Kingdom, 2005.
[30] S.Feldmann, K Kyamakya, A Zapater, and Z Lue. “An Indoor Bluetooth-Based Positioning System: Concept, Implementation and Experimental Evaluation”,International Conference on Wireless Networks 2003: 109-113
[31] JIA-REN CHANG CHIEN, CHENG-CHI TAI,“A New Wireless-Type Physiological Signal Measuring System Using A PDA and the Bluetooth Technology”, Biomedical Engineering Applications, Basis & Communications,Vol.17 No.5 October 2005,pp. 15-21
[32] Kathy J. Liszka, Michael A.Makin etc. “Keeping a Beat on the Heart”. 2004 IEEE Pervasive Computing Vol.3 No.4
[33] Nazmus Saadat, N. Yaacob, H. etc. “Bluetooth Based Wireless Remote Device Controlling and Data Acquisition” ,Proc. of AICT/ICIW 2006. pp. 75-78
[34] Yen-ChengChen, Hou-Chang Chiu, Ming-Dar Tsai, “Development of mobile platforms using PDA Bluetooth control”, computer methods and programs in biomedicine 85 (2007) pp. 181-184
[35] Pai-Tsun Cheng, Li-Min Tsai, Li-Wei Lu,“The Design of PDA-based Biomedical Data Processing and Analysis for Intelligent Wearable Health Monitoring Systems”, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Computer and Information Technology, pp. 879-884, IEEE 2004.
[2] 应雪峰,齐华等. 蓝牙技术在实时数据传输系统中的应用研究[J]. 西安工业学院学报,2005,25(3):214-219
[3] 刘星,王晋等. 蓝牙和 PDA 在电能表现场检验中的应用[J]. 电测与仪表,2005,42(474):29-31.
[4] 雷保珍,李军等. 基于 Windows CE 的 PDA 与数控机床通信技术的研究实现[J].现代制造工程,2007,8:27-29
[5] 白炜,刘月松等.基于 Windows CE.NET 实现蓝牙通讯模块的几种方法[J].国外电子测量技术,2006,25(9):27-31
[6] Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 MSDN 文档http://www.microsoft.com/china/net/default.mspx
[7] AFS-3100 双道原子荧光光度计使用说明书.北京科创海光仪器有限公司
[8] 北京科创海光仪器有限公司产品中心 http://www.kchaiguang.com/
[9] 微软英文技术论坛 Visual Basic Express Edition 版、Smart Devices VB and C# Projects 版:http://forums.microsoft.com/MSDN/default.aspx?SiteID=1
[10] 非色散原子荧光光度计检定规程
[11] 周明发,王治森等. 无线通信在机器人及数控机床中的应用[J]. 制造业自动化,2006,28(9):58-61
[12] 马晋兴,陈启军. 蓝牙协议栈中 RFCOMM 协议层的分析与实现[J].计算机工程,2004,30(8):112-113
[13] 李捷、程云志等著.Visual Basic 2005 程序设计教程.机械工业出版社,2007
[14] 李鸿吉. Visual Basic 6.0 数理统计实用算法.科学出版社,2003.9 560-565
[15] Douglas Boling 著,北京博彦科技发展有限公司 译. Microsoft Windows CE 程序设计,1999
[16] 王春山,李久熙等. 基于 PDA 操作的智能用电监察系统[J].农业网络信息,2006,9:70-72
[17] 杨孙永,张永红等. 一种基于掌上电脑的便携心电血压监护仪[J]. 航天医学与医学工程,2005,18(1):66-71
[18] 贺洪江,何明星等. 基于 DSP 的无线不平衡牵引电流测量仪[J].工矿自动化,2007,4:61-63
[19] 曾永进.以蓝牙为基础的无线可携式心电图量测系统[硕士学位论文].台湾:逢甲大学自动控制工程学系,2005
[20] 胡凡.蓝牙和 GPS 综合技术在用电检查系统中的应用研究[硕士学位论文]. 杭州:浙江大学电子科学与技术专业,2007
[21] 曹斌.基于移动控制的新型数控系统中的蓝牙通信技术及其实现方法[硕士学位论文].合肥:合肥工业大学机器制造及其自动化专业,2005
[22] 章建科.基于 Windows CE.NET 的新型数控系统编程模型和蓝牙通信技术的研究[硕士学位论文].合肥:合肥工业大学机械电子工程专业,2006
[23] 阎涛.蓝牙无线通信技术在电能质量监测系统中应用的研究[硕士学位论文].北京:清华大学电气工程专业,2006
[24] 刘培梅.后方仓库弹药信息智能管理系统开发——PDA应用程序及蓝牙通讯开发[硕士学位论文].济南:山东大学机械电子工程专业,2007
[25] Brian Siler 著,吴巧泉等译. Visual Basic.Net 实用全书. 电子工业出版社,2002
[26] H.M.Deitel 著,王慧英等译.Visual Basic .Net 程序设计专家指南.机械工业出版社,2003
[27] 付军著.Visual Basic.NET 实用编程 100 例.中国铁道出版社,2003
[28] Learn how JSR-82 and OBEX can be used to transfer files from client to server http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/wireless/
[29] Matthew D’Souza, Adam Postula, Neil Bergmann, “A Bluetooth Based Protocol for Multimedia Guidebooks on Mobile Computing Devices”, 2nd International Conference on E-Business and Telecommunication Networks, Reading, United Kingdom, 2005.
[30] S.Feldmann, K Kyamakya, A Zapater, and Z Lue. “An Indoor Bluetooth-Based Positioning System: Concept, Implementation and Experimental Evaluation”,International Conference on Wireless Networks 2003: 109-113
[31] JIA-REN CHANG CHIEN, CHENG-CHI TAI,“A New Wireless-Type Physiological Signal Measuring System Using A PDA and the Bluetooth Technology”, Biomedical Engineering Applications, Basis & Communications,Vol.17 No.5 October 2005,pp. 15-21
[32] Kathy J. Liszka, Michael A.Makin etc. “Keeping a Beat on the Heart”. 2004 IEEE Pervasive Computing Vol.3 No.4
[33] Nazmus Saadat, N. Yaacob, H. etc. “Bluetooth Based Wireless Remote Device Controlling and Data Acquisition” ,Proc. of AICT/ICIW 2006. pp. 75-78
[34] Yen-ChengChen, Hou-Chang Chiu, Ming-Dar Tsai, “Development of mobile platforms using PDA Bluetooth control”, computer methods and programs in biomedicine 85 (2007) pp. 181-184
[35] Pai-Tsun Cheng, Li-Min Tsai, Li-Wei Lu,“The Design of PDA-based Biomedical Data Processing and Analysis for Intelligent Wearable Health Monitoring Systems”, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Computer and Information Technology, pp. 879-884, IEEE 2004.