基于蓝牙的无线测量系统研究与实现
摘要
近年来的矿井安全事故一次次给人们敲响了警钟,安全生产已成为矿井行业乃至整个社会的重要问题而倍受关注。安全生产要求各级生产指挥者和业务部门能够及时获取环境安全参数和生产设备工作状态等动态信息,为指挥生产提供第一手资料。由于矿井生产的地下作业、易燃易爆等特殊环境,需要采用短距离无线测量系统来解决这种特殊环境下的数据采集和传输问题,为安全施工提供有效可靠的信息保障。
无线测量系统拟将当前先进的实时信息采集、信息处理与无线通信技术相结合,应用于某些特殊场合的信息测量,特别是为煤矿和钻井等工程的安全生产提供先进的状态监测与实时报警手段。蓝牙技术作为一种短距离无线通信技术,跳频更快,数据包更短,技术更稳定。其优势主要体现在低成本、低功耗、小尺寸、点对多点连接、语音与数据混合传输以及高抗干扰等方面。而且蓝牙技术具有一整套全新的协议体系,可以应用于更多的场景。因此,将蓝牙技术应用于无线测量系统实现无线信息采集与通信将成为一种趋势。
本论文研究、设计并实现了基于蓝牙的无线测量系统。主要包括以下内容:
蓝牙协议及通信的研究。分析了蓝牙技术的特点、核心协议的组成体系、蓝牙通信原理、蓝牙网络结构、以及应用中的移动性与安全性等。
蓝牙无线测量系统设计。设计并实现了基于蓝牙的无线测量系统,包括采集器和控制端两个终端系统。采集器系统硬件以低功耗AVR单片机ATmega128L和蓝牙通信模块为核心,还包含多路传感器、电池供电模块、在线编程接口等,进行了电路原理图设计、PCB设计以及PCB板调试。采集器系统软件是在AVR单片机集成开发环境Code Version AVR下进行开发的,利用C语言实现了多路传感器数据采集、蓝牙数据通信等功能。控制端软件主要进行了蓝牙串口通信与数据信息处理的设计与实现。控制端通过串口接蓝牙模块与采集器进行蓝牙无线通信,实现了对采集器的无线控制、多路采集数据的无线接收、处理、信息的提取和多种形式显示等,特别是通过信息的图形显示,达到了测量的直观性和易读性。
系统通信的设计与实现。考虑到本无线测量系统的实际应用因素,本文采用了蓝牙通信和串口通信相结合的方式。分别对蓝牙通信的建立与实现、串口通信实现方式进行了研究。制定了系统的蓝牙串口通信协议,将通过蓝牙将采集器和控制端连接,建立蓝牙串口通信,实现了系统的无线测量功能。通过测试,本系统能够实现多路传感器数据采集,蓝牙无线数据传输,监控端对接收数据进行处理、存储、分析和显示,实现了对监测信息的实时测量与显示功能。
In recent years, mine accidents sounded the alarm to the people time and time again that mine production safety has become an important issue to the whole social sectors and has drawn greater attention. Production safety calles for all levels of production command and business sectors can timely acquire environmental parameters and equipment information of dynamic state, providing first-hand information for production command. Because of the underground in mine production, inflammable, explosive and other special environment, it needs a short-range wireless measurement system to deal with the data acquisition and transmission problems in special circumstances, to provide effective and reliable security information.
Wireless measurement systems combining current advanced information collection, processing and wireless communications technology, have been applied to information measurement in special occasions, especially provide advanced condition monitoring and real-time alarm means for the safety of coal mines and drilling projects. As a short-range wireless communications technology, Bluetooth technology has faster frequency-hopping, shorter data packet, more stable technology. Its superiority is embodied mainly in low-cost, low power consumption, small size, point-to-multipoint connectivity, mixed voice and data transmission and high interference, etc. Therefore, Bluetooth technology being used in monitoring and control system for wireless measurement and control will become a trend.
This paper researched, designed and realized a Bluetooth-based wireless measurement system. Mainly include the following:
Bluetooth protocol and communications research. Analysed Bluetooth characteristics, the core component of the agreement, communications theory, network structure, as well as the mobility and security in application.
Bluetooth-based wireless measurement system design. Designed and implemented a wireless measurement system based on Bluetooth, including the acquisition system and the control terminal. The hardware of acquisition system with low power AVR ATmegal28L and Bluetooth communication module as the core, including multi-sensor, battery power supply modules, programming interface, etc. The software of acquisition system is developed under the Code Version AVR, making use of C language to realize data acquisition and Bluetooth communications. The software of the control terminal finished design and implementation of Bluetooth serial data communications and information processing, realized its acquisition of wireless control, multi-data wireless receiving, information processing, extraction and display in various forms.
Bluetooth serial communication design. Consider the practical application of the wireless measurement system, this paper used a combination of Bluetooth communication and serial communications. Researched the establishment and implementation of Bluetooth communication and Serial Communication. Developed communication protocols toestablish a wireless measurement system for the system's Bluetooth serial communication. Pass the test, the system can achieve multi-sensor data acquisition, Bluetooth wireless data transmission, monitoring the receipt of the data-processing, storage, analysis and display, realized real-time measurement on monitoring information.
无线测量系统拟将当前先进的实时信息采集、信息处理与无线通信技术相结合,应用于某些特殊场合的信息测量,特别是为煤矿和钻井等工程的安全生产提供先进的状态监测与实时报警手段。蓝牙技术作为一种短距离无线通信技术,跳频更快,数据包更短,技术更稳定。其优势主要体现在低成本、低功耗、小尺寸、点对多点连接、语音与数据混合传输以及高抗干扰等方面。而且蓝牙技术具有一整套全新的协议体系,可以应用于更多的场景。因此,将蓝牙技术应用于无线测量系统实现无线信息采集与通信将成为一种趋势。
本论文研究、设计并实现了基于蓝牙的无线测量系统。主要包括以下内容:
蓝牙协议及通信的研究。分析了蓝牙技术的特点、核心协议的组成体系、蓝牙通信原理、蓝牙网络结构、以及应用中的移动性与安全性等。
蓝牙无线测量系统设计。设计并实现了基于蓝牙的无线测量系统,包括采集器和控制端两个终端系统。采集器系统硬件以低功耗AVR单片机ATmega128L和蓝牙通信模块为核心,还包含多路传感器、电池供电模块、在线编程接口等,进行了电路原理图设计、PCB设计以及PCB板调试。采集器系统软件是在AVR单片机集成开发环境Code Version AVR下进行开发的,利用C语言实现了多路传感器数据采集、蓝牙数据通信等功能。控制端软件主要进行了蓝牙串口通信与数据信息处理的设计与实现。控制端通过串口接蓝牙模块与采集器进行蓝牙无线通信,实现了对采集器的无线控制、多路采集数据的无线接收、处理、信息的提取和多种形式显示等,特别是通过信息的图形显示,达到了测量的直观性和易读性。
系统通信的设计与实现。考虑到本无线测量系统的实际应用因素,本文采用了蓝牙通信和串口通信相结合的方式。分别对蓝牙通信的建立与实现、串口通信实现方式进行了研究。制定了系统的蓝牙串口通信协议,将通过蓝牙将采集器和控制端连接,建立蓝牙串口通信,实现了系统的无线测量功能。通过测试,本系统能够实现多路传感器数据采集,蓝牙无线数据传输,监控端对接收数据进行处理、存储、分析和显示,实现了对监测信息的实时测量与显示功能。
In recent years, mine accidents sounded the alarm to the people time and time again that mine production safety has become an important issue to the whole social sectors and has drawn greater attention. Production safety calles for all levels of production command and business sectors can timely acquire environmental parameters and equipment information of dynamic state, providing first-hand information for production command. Because of the underground in mine production, inflammable, explosive and other special environment, it needs a short-range wireless measurement system to deal with the data acquisition and transmission problems in special circumstances, to provide effective and reliable security information.
Wireless measurement systems combining current advanced information collection, processing and wireless communications technology, have been applied to information measurement in special occasions, especially provide advanced condition monitoring and real-time alarm means for the safety of coal mines and drilling projects. As a short-range wireless communications technology, Bluetooth technology has faster frequency-hopping, shorter data packet, more stable technology. Its superiority is embodied mainly in low-cost, low power consumption, small size, point-to-multipoint connectivity, mixed voice and data transmission and high interference, etc. Therefore, Bluetooth technology being used in monitoring and control system for wireless measurement and control will become a trend.
This paper researched, designed and realized a Bluetooth-based wireless measurement system. Mainly include the following:
Bluetooth protocol and communications research. Analysed Bluetooth characteristics, the core component of the agreement, communications theory, network structure, as well as the mobility and security in application.
Bluetooth-based wireless measurement system design. Designed and implemented a wireless measurement system based on Bluetooth, including the acquisition system and the control terminal. The hardware of acquisition system with low power AVR ATmegal28L and Bluetooth communication module as the core, including multi-sensor, battery power supply modules, programming interface, etc. The software of acquisition system is developed under the Code Version AVR, making use of C language to realize data acquisition and Bluetooth communications. The software of the control terminal finished design and implementation of Bluetooth serial data communications and information processing, realized its acquisition of wireless control, multi-data wireless receiving, information processing, extraction and display in various forms.
Bluetooth serial communication design. Consider the practical application of the wireless measurement system, this paper used a combination of Bluetooth communication and serial communications. Researched the establishment and implementation of Bluetooth communication and Serial Communication. Developed communication protocols toestablish a wireless measurement system for the system's Bluetooth serial communication. Pass the test, the system can achieve multi-sensor data acquisition, Bluetooth wireless data transmission, monitoring the receipt of the data-processing, storage, analysis and display, realized real-time measurement on monitoring information.
引文
[1]金纯,许光辰,孙睿.蓝牙技术.电子工业出版社.2001年.
[2]马建仓,罗亚军,赵玉亭.蓝牙核心技术及应用.科学出版社.2003年.
[3]朱刚等.蓝牙技术原理与协议.北方交通大学出版社,2002年.
[4]雷春娟,张禄林,朗晓虹.蓝牙协议及其实现.人民邮电出版社.2001年.
[5]合兼娇,谢荷芳.蓝牙技术及其安全性.计算机工程.2004.1.
[6]杨家鉴.蓝牙无线传输技术在无线测控中的应用.四川大学硕士学位论文.2006年.
[7]郭磊.蓝牙RFCOMM协议的研究与实现.西安电子科技大学硕士论文.2007.1
[8]陈冬云,杜敬仓.ATmega128单片机原理与开发指导.机械工业出版社.2005年.
[9]刘兰香,张秋生.ATmega128单片机应用与开发实例.机械工业出版社.2005年.
[10]求是科技.单片机通信技术与工程实践.人民邮电出版社.2005.1.
[11]求是科技.单片机典型模块设计实例导航.人民邮电出版社.2004.5.
[12]何立民.单片机应用系统设计.北京航空航天大学出版社.2002.7.
[13]ATmeag128(L)芯片手册.ATMEL.2005.
[14]张筠莉,刘书智.Visual C++串口通信与工程应用.中国铁道出版社.2005年.
[15]钟文,王益.串行端口底层通信机理研究与相应实现.计算机工程,2002年.
[16]赵兰涛,苏彦华.Delphi串口通信技术与工程实践.人民邮电出版社.2004.
[17]赵彦锋,李钢.基于Win32API的多线程串行通信程序设计.现代电子技术.2005年.
[18]李宁洲.利用VC实现PC机与多单片机间的中行通信.电子元器件应用.2005年.
[19]姜欣悦.基于串行通信的分布式监控系统的设计与实现.复旦大学软件工程学院硕士学位论文.2004年.
[20](美)BrentA.Miller,(美)Chatschik Bisdikian著,侯春萍等译.蓝牙核心技术[M].机械工业出版社.2001.
[21]Johnson,D..Hardware and software implications of creating Bluetooth scatternet devices.AFRICON.2004.7th AFRICON Conference in Africa Volume 1,15-17 Sept,2004.
[22]Gonzalez-Castano,F.J.,Garcia-Reinoso,J..Bluetooth location networks.Global Telecommunications Conference.Nov.2002.
[23]Sairam,K.V.S.S.S.S.,Gunasekaran,N.,Redd,S.R..Bluetooth in wireless communication.Communications Magazine.IEEE Volume 40,Issue 6.June,2002.
[24]Shepherd,R..Bluetooth wireless technology in the home.Electronics & Communication Engineering Journal Volume 13,Issue 5.Oct,2001.
[25]Groten,D.,Schmidt,J.R..Bluetooth-based mobile ad hoc networks:opportunities and challenges for a telecommunications operator. Vehicular Technology Conference. 2001.
[26] Baatz, S., Frank, M., Kuhl, C., Martini, P., Scholz, C. Bluetooth scatternets: an enhanced adaptive scheduling scheme. June, 2002.
[27] Sarkar, S., Anjum, F., Guha, R.. Optimal Communication in Bluetooth Piconets. Vehicular Technology, IEEE Transactions on Volume 54, Issue 2. March. 2005.
[28] Hallberg, J., Nilsson, M., Synnes, K.. Positioning with Bluetooth.Telecommunications. 2003 ICT 2003. 10th International Conference on Volume 2. March, 2003.
[29] Bin Zhen, Jonghun Park, Yongsuk Kim. Scatternet formation of Bluetooth ad hoc networks. System Sciences, 2003. Proceedings of the 36th Annual Hawaii International Conference on 6-9 Jan. 2003.
[30] Bluetooth Special Interest Group. Bluetooth Core. Specification of the Bluetooth System. Version 1.1. 2002.2.
[31] Bluetooth Special Interest Group. Bluetooth Profile. Specification of the Bluetooth System. Version 1.1. 2002.2.
[32] Gy.Mikl s, A.R cz, etc. Performance Aspects of Bluetooth Scatternets Formation; Pravin Bhagwat, Adrian Segall.A . Routing Vecter Method for Routing in Bluetooth Scatternets. 2004.7.
[33] Robert Siegmund & Dietmar Muller. Automatic Synthesis of Communication Controller Hardware from Protocol Specifications. IEEE Design &Test of Computers. August, 2002.
[34] Stewart R R, XIe Qiaobing. Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP), A Reference Guide. Addison-Welsley Pub. Co.,Bk &CDRom Edition. 2001.
[35] Art Baker. Windows 2000 Device Driver Book(Second edition). Prentice Hall PTR. 2001.
[36] Sun-Jen Huang, Richard Lai. PSAMS:A Communication protocol specification assessment and measurement system. Software Practice and experience. 2002.
[37] William Buchanan. PC Interfacing, Communications and Windows Programming. Published by arrangement with Addison Wesley Longman,Inc.
[2]马建仓,罗亚军,赵玉亭.蓝牙核心技术及应用.科学出版社.2003年.
[3]朱刚等.蓝牙技术原理与协议.北方交通大学出版社,2002年.
[4]雷春娟,张禄林,朗晓虹.蓝牙协议及其实现.人民邮电出版社.2001年.
[5]合兼娇,谢荷芳.蓝牙技术及其安全性.计算机工程.2004.1.
[6]杨家鉴.蓝牙无线传输技术在无线测控中的应用.四川大学硕士学位论文.2006年.
[7]郭磊.蓝牙RFCOMM协议的研究与实现.西安电子科技大学硕士论文.2007.1
[8]陈冬云,杜敬仓.ATmega128单片机原理与开发指导.机械工业出版社.2005年.
[9]刘兰香,张秋生.ATmega128单片机应用与开发实例.机械工业出版社.2005年.
[10]求是科技.单片机通信技术与工程实践.人民邮电出版社.2005.1.
[11]求是科技.单片机典型模块设计实例导航.人民邮电出版社.2004.5.
[12]何立民.单片机应用系统设计.北京航空航天大学出版社.2002.7.
[13]ATmeag128(L)芯片手册.ATMEL.2005.
[14]张筠莉,刘书智.Visual C++串口通信与工程应用.中国铁道出版社.2005年.
[15]钟文,王益.串行端口底层通信机理研究与相应实现.计算机工程,2002年.
[16]赵兰涛,苏彦华.Delphi串口通信技术与工程实践.人民邮电出版社.2004.
[17]赵彦锋,李钢.基于Win32API的多线程串行通信程序设计.现代电子技术.2005年.
[18]李宁洲.利用VC实现PC机与多单片机间的中行通信.电子元器件应用.2005年.
[19]姜欣悦.基于串行通信的分布式监控系统的设计与实现.复旦大学软件工程学院硕士学位论文.2004年.
[20](美)BrentA.Miller,(美)Chatschik Bisdikian著,侯春萍等译.蓝牙核心技术[M].机械工业出版社.2001.
[21]Johnson,D..Hardware and software implications of creating Bluetooth scatternet devices.AFRICON.2004.7th AFRICON Conference in Africa Volume 1,15-17 Sept,2004.
[22]Gonzalez-Castano,F.J.,Garcia-Reinoso,J..Bluetooth location networks.Global Telecommunications Conference.Nov.2002.
[23]Sairam,K.V.S.S.S.S.,Gunasekaran,N.,Redd,S.R..Bluetooth in wireless communication.Communications Magazine.IEEE Volume 40,Issue 6.June,2002.
[24]Shepherd,R..Bluetooth wireless technology in the home.Electronics & Communication Engineering Journal Volume 13,Issue 5.Oct,2001.
[25]Groten,D.,Schmidt,J.R..Bluetooth-based mobile ad hoc networks:opportunities and challenges for a telecommunications operator. Vehicular Technology Conference. 2001.
[26] Baatz, S., Frank, M., Kuhl, C., Martini, P., Scholz, C. Bluetooth scatternets: an enhanced adaptive scheduling scheme. June, 2002.
[27] Sarkar, S., Anjum, F., Guha, R.. Optimal Communication in Bluetooth Piconets. Vehicular Technology, IEEE Transactions on Volume 54, Issue 2. March. 2005.
[28] Hallberg, J., Nilsson, M., Synnes, K.. Positioning with Bluetooth.Telecommunications. 2003 ICT 2003. 10th International Conference on Volume 2. March, 2003.
[29] Bin Zhen, Jonghun Park, Yongsuk Kim. Scatternet formation of Bluetooth ad hoc networks. System Sciences, 2003. Proceedings of the 36th Annual Hawaii International Conference on 6-9 Jan. 2003.
[30] Bluetooth Special Interest Group. Bluetooth Core. Specification of the Bluetooth System. Version 1.1. 2002.2.
[31] Bluetooth Special Interest Group. Bluetooth Profile. Specification of the Bluetooth System. Version 1.1. 2002.2.
[32] Gy.Mikl s, A.R cz, etc. Performance Aspects of Bluetooth Scatternets Formation; Pravin Bhagwat, Adrian Segall.A . Routing Vecter Method for Routing in Bluetooth Scatternets. 2004.7.
[33] Robert Siegmund & Dietmar Muller. Automatic Synthesis of Communication Controller Hardware from Protocol Specifications. IEEE Design &Test of Computers. August, 2002.
[34] Stewart R R, XIe Qiaobing. Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP), A Reference Guide. Addison-Welsley Pub. Co.,Bk &CDRom Edition. 2001.
[35] Art Baker. Windows 2000 Device Driver Book(Second edition). Prentice Hall PTR. 2001.
[36] Sun-Jen Huang, Richard Lai. PSAMS:A Communication protocol specification assessment and measurement system. Software Practice and experience. 2002.
[37] William Buchanan. PC Interfacing, Communications and Windows Programming. Published by arrangement with Addison Wesley Longman,Inc.