板形及表面缺陷检测装置的研究与开发
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摘要
.板带钢作为钢铁制造业的主要产品之一,在汽车工业、船舶、航空、机械制造和建筑工业等方面获得了普遍的应用。板带钢的外形及表面质量是冷、热轧板材的一项重要质量指标,随着金属加工业生产的发展,对薄板带钢的板形质量要求越来越高。本文在深入研究现有板形检测方法的基础上,结合应用激光板形及表面缺陷检测的技术,研究和开发出适用于板材集多种板形检测方法和表面缺陷检测于一体的实验检测装置,并详细介绍了该检测装置的设计原理和特点,并在该装置上进行板形和表面缺陷检测的模拟实验研究,其结果表明：
该板形检测装置采用机、电、液一体化控制具有一定的智能化,可完全满足于接触式或非接触式测量的位置,而且空间尺寸可进行调整。本检测装置调试和维修比较方便,可采用手动和自动两种操作方式进行操作,使用方便。本板形检测装置采用590调速系统可实现无级调速,满足调速范围为1-20m/s,而且依据断面尺寸与材料的屈服强度还能实现张力范围的调整。采用本检测装置运用激光方法检测板形,实际检测结果与剖条实验结果对比,可以完全满足于板材板形在线实时检测的精度要求,并且可以作为在线进行实测结果的反馈信息。该板材板形检测装置易于移植到实际生产现场进行在线板形和表面缺陷检测。
As one of the major products of iron and steel manufacture, sheet plate is widely used in the automobile industry, shipbuilding, aviation, construction industry and so on. For the cold or hot rolled sheet plates, the shape and surface quality is an important quality index (QI), and the QI has increasingly raised due to the development of the metal-processing industry. In this paper, a new detecting device of multi-shape and surface defect was invented and developed, based on the principle of the current shape detecting method and the application of laser and surface defect detecting techniques. The design principle and features of the detecting device were described in detail. Employing this device, a simulation research of the shape and surface defect detection of sheet plates was made. The experimental results showed that:
This plate shape detecting device integrating mechanical, electrical and hydraulic monitoring was an artificial intelligence instrument which can fully satisfied with the requirement of the contact or non-contact measuring location and the adjustment of the measuring space size. The debugging and maintenance of the detecting device is convenient, and the operation of the device is viable both by manual and automatic style. This plate shape detecting device can perform grade-free speed control by using the 590 speed controlling system on the speed range of 1-20m/s. Adjustment of tension ranges can be achieved according to the cross-section dimensions and yield strength of the detected materials. Compared with the traditional cutting test results, the detecting results using this detecting device by laser method can satisfied with the accuracy requirement of the shape detecting online and feed back the information online. This plate shape detecting device can be easily transplanted to the actual production field to detect the plate shape and surface defect online.
该板形检测装置采用机、电、液一体化控制具有一定的智能化,可完全满足于接触式或非接触式测量的位置,而且空间尺寸可进行调整。本检测装置调试和维修比较方便,可采用手动和自动两种操作方式进行操作,使用方便。本板形检测装置采用590调速系统可实现无级调速,满足调速范围为1-20m/s,而且依据断面尺寸与材料的屈服强度还能实现张力范围的调整。采用本检测装置运用激光方法检测板形,实际检测结果与剖条实验结果对比,可以完全满足于板材板形在线实时检测的精度要求,并且可以作为在线进行实测结果的反馈信息。该板材板形检测装置易于移植到实际生产现场进行在线板形和表面缺陷检测。
As one of the major products of iron and steel manufacture, sheet plate is widely used in the automobile industry, shipbuilding, aviation, construction industry and so on. For the cold or hot rolled sheet plates, the shape and surface quality is an important quality index (QI), and the QI has increasingly raised due to the development of the metal-processing industry. In this paper, a new detecting device of multi-shape and surface defect was invented and developed, based on the principle of the current shape detecting method and the application of laser and surface defect detecting techniques. The design principle and features of the detecting device were described in detail. Employing this device, a simulation research of the shape and surface defect detection of sheet plates was made. The experimental results showed that:
This plate shape detecting device integrating mechanical, electrical and hydraulic monitoring was an artificial intelligence instrument which can fully satisfied with the requirement of the contact or non-contact measuring location and the adjustment of the measuring space size. The debugging and maintenance of the detecting device is convenient, and the operation of the device is viable both by manual and automatic style. This plate shape detecting device can perform grade-free speed control by using the 590 speed controlling system on the speed range of 1-20m/s. Adjustment of tension ranges can be achieved according to the cross-section dimensions and yield strength of the detected materials. Compared with the traditional cutting test results, the detecting results using this detecting device by laser method can satisfied with the accuracy requirement of the shape detecting online and feed back the information online. This plate shape detecting device can be easily transplanted to the actual production field to detect the plate shape and surface defect online.
引文
[1]王国栋.板形控制和板形理论[M].冶金工业出版社,1986.
[2]Gunter Kneppe, Dieter Rosenthal,热轧带钢技术[J].MPT冶金设备和技术,1998.2：86-99.
[3]王定武.特薄规格热轧带钢生产现状和前景[J].轧钢,2000,5：29-32.
[4]刘相华,王国栋.热轧带钢新技术的发展[J].钢铁研究,2000,5：1-4.
[5]唐荻,杨晓臻,等.热轧超薄带生产的若干问题分析[J].轧钢,2001,5：34-38.
[6]田乃媛.薄板坯连铸连轧[M].冶金工业出版社,1998.
[7]田小果,卫恩泽.热轧带钢板形测量技术[J].重型机械科技,2001,2：19-22.
[8]张东清,陈先霖,等.板形控制与热轧带钢自由规程轧制[J].轧钢,2001,2：72-75.
[9]杨溪林,等.多束激光热轧带钢板形测量仪的开发与研究[J].检测与仪表,1997,1：24-28.
[10]R.Pirlet, et al, A Noncontact System for Measuring Hot Strip Flatness[J], AISA Year Book,1983,284-289.
[11]朱敏之.国外热轧带钢板形的控制组合方式及应用[J].重型机械科技,2001,2：27-31
[12]陈先霖.新一代高技术宽带钢轧机的板形控制[J].北京科技大学学报,1997,5：2-5.
[13]J. Jouet, et al. Development of a Shape Model and a Shape meter for Hot Strip Mills[C], Proceedings of the 4th International Steel Rolling Conference:The Science and Technology of Flat Rolling, Vol.1,Deauville, France, A.24.1-A.24.7,1987
[14]杨溪林,等.激光板形测量技术现状及发展[J].冶金自动化,1998,1,29-30.
[15]张进之.板形理论的进步与应用[J].冶金设备,1996,2
[16]王快社.用激光光斑法测量板形实验研究[J].重型机械,2000,3：15-18.
[17]钟春生,岳利明,等.板形控制方法与国内外板形仪的研制使用情况[C].1994年全国冷热轧宽带钢情报会议,北京,1994.
[18]石川孝司.非接触式测法ヒょる压延板形状の测定[J].塑性と加工,1993,33
[19]小林博幸.压延板の光学式形状检出方法びその装置[J].特开平,1997,9-304033,11.28.
[20]David. R. Wirse, Continuous on Line Measursement of Hot Strip Flatness [J], Iron and Steel Engineer,1997,3.
[21]钟春生,等.新的板形检测方法及其装置[J].钢铁,1995,1.
[22]Robert.W. Proc, Develop and application of built-in roll shaping machine for hot strip mill work rolls [J], Iron and Steel Engineer,1997,1.
[23]J.D.Keller. Gauge shape and profile control using a shapement [J], Steel Times, 1996,3
[24]William. I.Roberts. The control of flatness and profile-Institute of materials and conference [J], Steel Times,1996.6.
[25]邹云屏,李潇.信号变换与处理[M],华中理工大学出版社,1994.
[26]何斌,等.Visual C++数字图像处理[M],人民邮电出版社,2002.
[27]W.K.普拉特.数字图像处理学[M],科学出版社,1984.
[28]阮秋琦,数字图像处理基础[M],北方交通大学,1988.
[29]刘骏,数字图像处理及高级应用[M],科学出版社,2003.
[30]Kenneth.R.Castleman,朱志刚,等.数字图像处理[M].电子工业出版社,1998.
[31]吴正毅.测试技术与测试信号处理[M].清华大学出版社,1991.
[32]叶声华.激光在精密计量中的应用[M].机械工业出版社,1984.
[33]祝杰,等.激光三角法测量位移[J].仪表与传感技术,1992,4.
[34]王廷溥.金属塑性加工学-轧制理论与工艺[M].冶金工业出版社,1991.
[35]钟春生,中国专利.专利号：89221887.8,90200281.3.
[36]刘惠彬.测试技术[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,1989.
[37]杨景明,王洪瑞,方一鸣.分段式板形检测仪[J].电子测量与仪器学报,1996,3：60-64.
[38]乔俊飞,柴天佑.板形控制技术现状及未来发展[J].冶金自动化,1997,1：11-16.
[39]庞玉华,钟春生,王经涛,等.冷轧带材板形检测计算机模拟研究[J].重型机械,1999,2.
[40]张进之,张宇.新型板形检测方法及应用[J].重型机械,2000.3.
[41]柳谋渊.板形控制新方法及设备[J].上海金属,1996,18(1).
[42]钟春生.发明专利：金属薄板板形检测方法.ZL90103504.1
[43]连家创,等.板厚板形控制[M].兵器工业出版社,1996.
[44]Wolfgang Fabian,等.热轧宽带钢的在线平直度测量和控制.现代板带材生产技术,东北大学出版社,1993.
[45]Robert H.Euis,等.在改善热轧带钢板形方面的新进展.现代板带材生产技术,东北大学出版社,1993.
[46]John Sgerton Carter. Strip Flatness Measuring Device[C], US,333625,3.11, 1994.
[47]王快社,赵运攀,钟春生,等.基于人工神经网络的一种板形控制方法研究 [J],冶金设备,2002,4：12-15.
[48]王国栋,吴国良,等.板带轧制理论与实践[M].中国铁道出版社,1990
[49]罗筑,钟春生.现代板轧机板形控制方式的进展(1)[J].轻合金加工技术,1989,2：1-8.
[50]罗筑,钟春生.现代板轧机板形控制方式的进展(2)[J].轻合金加工技术,1989,3：1-7.
[51]庞玉华,等.新型分段辊式动态板形检测仪[J].重型机械,1999,1：6-9.
[52]庞玉华,等.轧钢板形检测仪研究动向[J].上海金属,2001,2：8-12.
[53]Robert Pirlet, John Luckers, Jacques Boelens, et al. The Rometer, a new shape measuring device for hot strip mills[C], Inter. Conf. on Steel Rolling,1980, 45-50.
[54]王文明,钟掘,谭建平.板形控制理论与技术发展[J].矿冶工程,2001,12
[55]郑岗,等.板形检测与板形控制方法[J].重型机械,2002,2.
[56]郑岗,等.板形检测与板形控制方法(续)[J].重型机械,2002,3.
[57]成大先,等.机械设计手册第一卷.北京有色冶金设计研究总院,1993.
[2]Gunter Kneppe, Dieter Rosenthal,热轧带钢技术[J].MPT冶金设备和技术,1998.2：86-99.
[3]王定武.特薄规格热轧带钢生产现状和前景[J].轧钢,2000,5：29-32.
[4]刘相华,王国栋.热轧带钢新技术的发展[J].钢铁研究,2000,5：1-4.
[5]唐荻,杨晓臻,等.热轧超薄带生产的若干问题分析[J].轧钢,2001,5：34-38.
[6]田乃媛.薄板坯连铸连轧[M].冶金工业出版社,1998.
[7]田小果,卫恩泽.热轧带钢板形测量技术[J].重型机械科技,2001,2：19-22.
[8]张东清,陈先霖,等.板形控制与热轧带钢自由规程轧制[J].轧钢,2001,2：72-75.
[9]杨溪林,等.多束激光热轧带钢板形测量仪的开发与研究[J].检测与仪表,1997,1：24-28.
[10]R.Pirlet, et al, A Noncontact System for Measuring Hot Strip Flatness[J], AISA Year Book,1983,284-289.
[11]朱敏之.国外热轧带钢板形的控制组合方式及应用[J].重型机械科技,2001,2：27-31
[12]陈先霖.新一代高技术宽带钢轧机的板形控制[J].北京科技大学学报,1997,5：2-5.
[13]J. Jouet, et al. Development of a Shape Model and a Shape meter for Hot Strip Mills[C], Proceedings of the 4th International Steel Rolling Conference:The Science and Technology of Flat Rolling, Vol.1,Deauville, France, A.24.1-A.24.7,1987
[14]杨溪林,等.激光板形测量技术现状及发展[J].冶金自动化,1998,1,29-30.
[15]张进之.板形理论的进步与应用[J].冶金设备,1996,2
[16]王快社.用激光光斑法测量板形实验研究[J].重型机械,2000,3：15-18.
[17]钟春生,岳利明,等.板形控制方法与国内外板形仪的研制使用情况[C].1994年全国冷热轧宽带钢情报会议,北京,1994.
[18]石川孝司.非接触式测法ヒょる压延板形状の测定[J].塑性と加工,1993,33
[19]小林博幸.压延板の光学式形状检出方法びその装置[J].特开平,1997,9-304033,11.28.
[20]David. R. Wirse, Continuous on Line Measursement of Hot Strip Flatness [J], Iron and Steel Engineer,1997,3.
[21]钟春生,等.新的板形检测方法及其装置[J].钢铁,1995,1.
[22]Robert.W. Proc, Develop and application of built-in roll shaping machine for hot strip mill work rolls [J], Iron and Steel Engineer,1997,1.
[23]J.D.Keller. Gauge shape and profile control using a shapement [J], Steel Times, 1996,3
[24]William. I.Roberts. The control of flatness and profile-Institute of materials and conference [J], Steel Times,1996.6.
[25]邹云屏,李潇.信号变换与处理[M],华中理工大学出版社,1994.
[26]何斌,等.Visual C++数字图像处理[M],人民邮电出版社,2002.
[27]W.K.普拉特.数字图像处理学[M],科学出版社,1984.
[28]阮秋琦,数字图像处理基础[M],北方交通大学,1988.
[29]刘骏,数字图像处理及高级应用[M],科学出版社,2003.
[30]Kenneth.R.Castleman,朱志刚,等.数字图像处理[M].电子工业出版社,1998.
[31]吴正毅.测试技术与测试信号处理[M].清华大学出版社,1991.
[32]叶声华.激光在精密计量中的应用[M].机械工业出版社,1984.
[33]祝杰,等.激光三角法测量位移[J].仪表与传感技术,1992,4.
[34]王廷溥.金属塑性加工学-轧制理论与工艺[M].冶金工业出版社,1991.
[35]钟春生,中国专利.专利号：89221887.8,90200281.3.
[36]刘惠彬.测试技术[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,1989.
[37]杨景明,王洪瑞,方一鸣.分段式板形检测仪[J].电子测量与仪器学报,1996,3：60-64.
[38]乔俊飞,柴天佑.板形控制技术现状及未来发展[J].冶金自动化,1997,1：11-16.
[39]庞玉华,钟春生,王经涛,等.冷轧带材板形检测计算机模拟研究[J].重型机械,1999,2.
[40]张进之,张宇.新型板形检测方法及应用[J].重型机械,2000.3.
[41]柳谋渊.板形控制新方法及设备[J].上海金属,1996,18(1).
[42]钟春生.发明专利：金属薄板板形检测方法.ZL90103504.1
[43]连家创,等.板厚板形控制[M].兵器工业出版社,1996.
[44]Wolfgang Fabian,等.热轧宽带钢的在线平直度测量和控制.现代板带材生产技术,东北大学出版社,1993.
[45]Robert H.Euis,等.在改善热轧带钢板形方面的新进展.现代板带材生产技术,东北大学出版社,1993.
[46]John Sgerton Carter. Strip Flatness Measuring Device[C], US,333625,3.11, 1994.
[47]王快社,赵运攀,钟春生,等.基于人工神经网络的一种板形控制方法研究 [J],冶金设备,2002,4：12-15.
[48]王国栋,吴国良,等.板带轧制理论与实践[M].中国铁道出版社,1990
[49]罗筑,钟春生.现代板轧机板形控制方式的进展(1)[J].轻合金加工技术,1989,2：1-8.
[50]罗筑,钟春生.现代板轧机板形控制方式的进展(2)[J].轻合金加工技术,1989,3：1-7.
[51]庞玉华,等.新型分段辊式动态板形检测仪[J].重型机械,1999,1：6-9.
[52]庞玉华,等.轧钢板形检测仪研究动向[J].上海金属,2001,2：8-12.
[53]Robert Pirlet, John Luckers, Jacques Boelens, et al. The Rometer, a new shape measuring device for hot strip mills[C], Inter. Conf. on Steel Rolling,1980, 45-50.
[54]王文明,钟掘,谭建平.板形控制理论与技术发展[J].矿冶工程,2001,12
[55]郑岗,等.板形检测与板形控制方法[J].重型机械,2002,2.
[56]郑岗,等.板形检测与板形控制方法(续)[J].重型机械,2002,3.
[57]成大先,等.机械设计手册第一卷.北京有色冶金设计研究总院,1993.