工作流技术在软件缺陷跟踪系统中的应用研究
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摘要
随着软件业的发展,软件复杂程度的提高,开发过程中出现的缺陷(bug)数量越来越多,为了尽快发现软件系统中的缺陷,确保每个被发现的缺陷都能够及时得到处理,开发合适的缺陷跟踪工具是必不可少的。
针对缺陷跟踪工作中团队成员协同工作的需要,在系统开发中采用了工作流技术。工作流就是工作流程的计算机模型,即将工作流程中的工作如何前后组织在一起的逻辑和规则在计算机中以恰当的模型进行表示并对其实施计算。工作流要解决的主要问题是:为实现某个业务目标,在多个参与者之间,利用计算机,按某种预定规则自动传递文档、信息或者任务。
本文对当前的工作流技术和软件缺陷跟踪进行了相关的研究,并运用工作流技术对软件缺陷跟踪过程进行工作流建模和模型分析;在建立的模型基础上采用了FSM(有限状态机)的原理设计出了工作流引擎,通过它来实现工作流的定义和调度;最后给出了缺陷跟踪系统的整个设计方案并指出了系统的优点和不足,以及今后工作的要点。
The scale of the software development enlarges gradually, the bugs appearing in the development process is more and more. Therefore, carried on to follow the defect management, insure each discovered defect can be dealt with in time is the work of an important content. In order to solve the problem, software companies need Defect Trace System (DTS).
In defect tracing field, it needs cooperation working. So we use technology of workflow. A Workflow is a collection of Steps and data that define the paths that can be taken to complete a task. Workflows may contain activities such as displaying content to users, collecting information from users or computer systems, performing calculations, and sending messages to external computer systems.
This paper works over on the future of defect trace and technology of workflow, it adopts a method extending Finite State Machine (FSM) to describe workflow process model. After deep research on the logic of the workflow model, produces the design and the realization plan of the workflow engine, which realizes the definition and control of the workflow. At last this paper gives a Defect Trace System design scheme and points out system weakness and essential in later work.
针对缺陷跟踪工作中团队成员协同工作的需要,在系统开发中采用了工作流技术。工作流就是工作流程的计算机模型,即将工作流程中的工作如何前后组织在一起的逻辑和规则在计算机中以恰当的模型进行表示并对其实施计算。工作流要解决的主要问题是:为实现某个业务目标,在多个参与者之间,利用计算机,按某种预定规则自动传递文档、信息或者任务。
本文对当前的工作流技术和软件缺陷跟踪进行了相关的研究,并运用工作流技术对软件缺陷跟踪过程进行工作流建模和模型分析;在建立的模型基础上采用了FSM(有限状态机)的原理设计出了工作流引擎,通过它来实现工作流的定义和调度;最后给出了缺陷跟踪系统的整个设计方案并指出了系统的优点和不足,以及今后工作的要点。
The scale of the software development enlarges gradually, the bugs appearing in the development process is more and more. Therefore, carried on to follow the defect management, insure each discovered defect can be dealt with in time is the work of an important content. In order to solve the problem, software companies need Defect Trace System (DTS).
In defect tracing field, it needs cooperation working. So we use technology of workflow. A Workflow is a collection of Steps and data that define the paths that can be taken to complete a task. Workflows may contain activities such as displaying content to users, collecting information from users or computer systems, performing calculations, and sending messages to external computer systems.
This paper works over on the future of defect trace and technology of workflow, it adopts a method extending Finite State Machine (FSM) to describe workflow process model. After deep research on the logic of the workflow model, produces the design and the realization plan of the workflow engine, which realizes the definition and control of the workflow. At last this paper gives a Defect Trace System design scheme and points out system weakness and essential in later work.
引文
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[2] Workflow Management Coalition.The workflow reference model.WFMC- TC00-1003,1994
[3] 范玉顺.工作流管理技术基础——实现企业业务过程重组、过程管理与过程自动化的核心技术[M].第一版.北京:清华大学出版社.2000.23-46
[4] Mohan C.Recent trends in workflow management products, standards, and research.1997.http://www.almaden.ibm.com/cs/exotica
[5] Howard Smith.Business process management-The third Wave[M].Meghan-Kiffer Press.1st edition,January,2003
[6] Hammer M.Reengingeering work:don’t automate,obliterate[J].Harvard Business Review,1990,July-August,10-32
[7] Davenport T H,Short J E.The new industrial engineering:information technology and business process redesign[J].Sloan Management Review,1990,summer,11-27
[8] Workflow management coalition.The workflow reference model[S],WFMC-TC00-1003.1995.
[9] Heather Kreger,Web Services Conceptual Architecture(WSCA 1.0) Part 1,http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/wswsca/part1/index_ enq.shtml,2001
[10] Alonso G,Agrawal D,Abbadi A E,et al.Functionality and limitations of current workflow management systems.IEEE Expert,1997,12(5)
[11] 邹海明,周新.形式语言、自动机和语法分析[M].第一版.湖北:华中工学院出版社.1985
[12] Workflow Management Coalition . Workflow management coalition terminology and glossary.Technical Report,WfMC2T C21011.Brussels:Workflow Management Coalition ,1996.4-45
[13] Workflow Management Coalition . Workflow management coalitionterminology and glossary.Technical Report,WfMC2TC21011. Brussels:Workflow Management Coalition,1996.112-114
[14] RusinkiewiczM,Sheth A .Specification and execution of transactional workflows.In::Won Kim ed .Modern Database Systems:The Object Model,Interoperability,and Beyond. Reading,MA:AddisonWesley Publishing Company,1995(3):32-44
[15] Vander Aalst WMP.Three good reasons for using a Petri2net2based workflow management system.In:Navathe S,W akayama T eds.Proceedings of the International Working Conference on Information and Process Integration inEnterprises(IP IC '96),Cambridge,MA:Kluwer Academic Publishers,1996:179-201
[16] CaiTing,GloorA,Nog S .Dart Flow:a workflow management.system on the web using transportable agents . Technical Report ,PCS2TR962283,Dartmouth College.1996(4):20 -25
[17] Workflow Management Coalition.The Workflow Reference Model, TC00-1003[ Z] Hampshire ,U K : Workflow Management Coalition,1995(3):43-46
[18] 袁篙,朱少文,张大斌等.基于 Lotus Domino/Notes 办公自动化系统的设计[J],计算机与网络 ,2002,(7):49-51.
[19] 曾劲松,薛丽敏.第三代办公自动化系统安全设计与实现研究[J].通信技术, 2003,(4):90
[20] 段立,刘艺等.办公自动化解决方案及应用剖析[M].第一版.北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[21] 叶立新,郑航,罗成平等.基于工作流技术的 OA 系统模型[J].计算机系统应用,1999,(10):18-19
[22] 陈克胜.办公自动化解决方案[J].中国电子商务,2002,4:49
[23] 托乎提.基于工作流的办公自动化系统的研究:[硕士学位论文].中国优秀博硕士论文数据库:清华同方光盘股份有限公司,2003
[24] 余乐.基于 Lotus Domino/Notes 的工作流模型的设计与实现:[硕士学位论 文].中国优秀博硕士论文数据库:清华同方光盘股份有限公司,2002
[25] 赵海,马殿富,怀进鹏等一种基于 Web 的工作流系统的设计与实现[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2001,27(4):456-460
[26] 傅勇,王元珍.工作流技术在办公自动化系统中的应用研究[J].小型微型计算机系统 ,2001,6(22):42-44
[27] 吴东升.基于 Notes 的 HFGOA 实现技术要点[J].微电脑应用,1999,12:37
[28] 石丽霞等.Lotus Domino Designer6 应用程序开发指南[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2004,1-230
[29] 张秋余,袁占亭等.基于 OA 系统的工作流技术的实现[J].甘肃工业大学学报,2003,29(4):90
[30] 宋宝燕,于戈,刘锐.一个基于 CORBA 的工作流管理系统的体系结构[J].小型微型计算机,2000,21(12):1320—1321
[31] 汪涛,吴耿锋,黄力芹.工作流管理的现状和未来趋势[J].计算机集成制造系统 CIMS,2000,6(1):3-8
[32] 汪涛,吴耿锋,黄力芹,曹旻,工作流管理的过去、现在和未来[J]上海大学学报(自然科学版) 1999.12
[33] 范玉顺.企业建模理论与方法学导论[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001.
[34] Tom Baeyens.The State of Workflow.http://jbpm.org/2/state.of.workflow.html
[35] Business Process Modeling Language.BPMI.org.2002
[36] ebXML Business Process Specification Schema Version 1.01.Business Process Project Team.2001
[2] Workflow Management Coalition.The workflow reference model.WFMC- TC00-1003,1994
[3] 范玉顺.工作流管理技术基础——实现企业业务过程重组、过程管理与过程自动化的核心技术[M].第一版.北京:清华大学出版社.2000.23-46
[4] Mohan C.Recent trends in workflow management products, standards, and research.1997.http://www.almaden.ibm.com/cs/exotica
[5] Howard Smith.Business process management-The third Wave[M].Meghan-Kiffer Press.1st edition,January,2003
[6] Hammer M.Reengingeering work:don’t automate,obliterate[J].Harvard Business Review,1990,July-August,10-32
[7] Davenport T H,Short J E.The new industrial engineering:information technology and business process redesign[J].Sloan Management Review,1990,summer,11-27
[8] Workflow management coalition.The workflow reference model[S],WFMC-TC00-1003.1995.
[9] Heather Kreger,Web Services Conceptual Architecture(WSCA 1.0) Part 1,http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/wswsca/part1/index_ enq.shtml,2001
[10] Alonso G,Agrawal D,Abbadi A E,et al.Functionality and limitations of current workflow management systems.IEEE Expert,1997,12(5)
[11] 邹海明,周新.形式语言、自动机和语法分析[M].第一版.湖北:华中工学院出版社.1985
[12] Workflow Management Coalition . Workflow management coalition terminology and glossary.Technical Report,WfMC2T C21011.Brussels:Workflow Management Coalition ,1996.4-45
[13] Workflow Management Coalition . Workflow management coalitionterminology and glossary.Technical Report,WfMC2TC21011. Brussels:Workflow Management Coalition,1996.112-114
[14] RusinkiewiczM,Sheth A .Specification and execution of transactional workflows.In::Won Kim ed .Modern Database Systems:The Object Model,Interoperability,and Beyond. Reading,MA:AddisonWesley Publishing Company,1995(3):32-44
[15] Vander Aalst WMP.Three good reasons for using a Petri2net2based workflow management system.In:Navathe S,W akayama T eds.Proceedings of the International Working Conference on Information and Process Integration inEnterprises(IP IC '96),Cambridge,MA:Kluwer Academic Publishers,1996:179-201
[16] CaiTing,GloorA,Nog S .Dart Flow:a workflow management.system on the web using transportable agents . Technical Report ,PCS2TR962283,Dartmouth College.1996(4):20 -25
[17] Workflow Management Coalition.The Workflow Reference Model, TC00-1003[ Z] Hampshire ,U K : Workflow Management Coalition,1995(3):43-46
[18] 袁篙,朱少文,张大斌等.基于 Lotus Domino/Notes 办公自动化系统的设计[J],计算机与网络 ,2002,(7):49-51.
[19] 曾劲松,薛丽敏.第三代办公自动化系统安全设计与实现研究[J].通信技术, 2003,(4):90
[20] 段立,刘艺等.办公自动化解决方案及应用剖析[M].第一版.北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[21] 叶立新,郑航,罗成平等.基于工作流技术的 OA 系统模型[J].计算机系统应用,1999,(10):18-19
[22] 陈克胜.办公自动化解决方案[J].中国电子商务,2002,4:49
[23] 托乎提.基于工作流的办公自动化系统的研究:[硕士学位论文].中国优秀博硕士论文数据库:清华同方光盘股份有限公司,2003
[24] 余乐.基于 Lotus Domino/Notes 的工作流模型的设计与实现:[硕士学位论 文].中国优秀博硕士论文数据库:清华同方光盘股份有限公司,2002
[25] 赵海,马殿富,怀进鹏等一种基于 Web 的工作流系统的设计与实现[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2001,27(4):456-460
[26] 傅勇,王元珍.工作流技术在办公自动化系统中的应用研究[J].小型微型计算机系统 ,2001,6(22):42-44
[27] 吴东升.基于 Notes 的 HFGOA 实现技术要点[J].微电脑应用,1999,12:37
[28] 石丽霞等.Lotus Domino Designer6 应用程序开发指南[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2004,1-230
[29] 张秋余,袁占亭等.基于 OA 系统的工作流技术的实现[J].甘肃工业大学学报,2003,29(4):90
[30] 宋宝燕,于戈,刘锐.一个基于 CORBA 的工作流管理系统的体系结构[J].小型微型计算机,2000,21(12):1320—1321
[31] 汪涛,吴耿锋,黄力芹.工作流管理的现状和未来趋势[J].计算机集成制造系统 CIMS,2000,6(1):3-8
[32] 汪涛,吴耿锋,黄力芹,曹旻,工作流管理的过去、现在和未来[J]上海大学学报(自然科学版) 1999.12
[33] 范玉顺.企业建模理论与方法学导论[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001.
[34] Tom Baeyens.The State of Workflow.http://jbpm.org/2/state.of.workflow.html
[35] Business Process Modeling Language.BPMI.org.2002
[36] ebXML Business Process Specification Schema Version 1.01.Business Process Project Team.2001